December 2025 arXiv papers — page 49

Jens F. Mahlmann, Logan Eskildsen, Arno Vanthieghem, Dawei Dai

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extremely energetic radio transients, some are generated in magnetar magnetospheres and winds. Despite a growing number of observations, their emission mechanisms remain elusive. It has recently been proposed that Alfv\'enic perturbations can convert into superluminal O-modes at magnetized shocks and propagate downstream as a rad

Shreya Shukla, Yukari Yamauchi, Andrey Y. Lokhov, Scott Lawrence

We introduce a learning method for recovering action parameters in lattice field theories. Our method is based on the minimization of a convex loss function constructed using the Schwinger-Dyson relations. We show that score matching, a popular learning method, is a special case of our construction of an infinite family of valid loss functions. Importantly,

Xuanhe Li, Tal Cohen

Polymerization is a fundamental chemical process enabling large-scale production of material components across modern industries. By transforming a monomer mixture into a cross-linked polymer network, polymerization induces changes in temperature and material properties such as density and stiffness, which can generate residual stress and warping through cou

Christian Ferko, Keiichiro Furuya

Entanglement cohomology assigns a graded cohomology ring to a multipartite pure state, providing homological invariants that are stable under local unitaries and characterize inequivalent patterns of entanglement. In this work we derive exact expressions for the dimensions of these cohomology groups in two canonical entanglement classes, generalized GHZ and

Fawad Kirmani, Arjun Karki, Steve Rodney, Kyle Lackey

Gravitationally lensed supernovae (SNe) are extremely rare and fade quickly; as a result, they are challenging to detect. To identify lensed SNe in large imaging datasets, current surveys primarily rely on the {\it magnification} effect of gravitational lensing -- searching for transients that appear brighter than expected \cite{c3}. In this work, we present

Diego Riofrío-Luzcando, Jaime RamÍrez, Cristian Moral, Angélica de Antonio

Visualization plays a relevant role for discovering patterns in big sets of data. In fact, the most common way to help a human with a pattern interpretation is through a graphic. In 2D/3D virtual environments for procedural training the student interaction is more varied and complex than in traditional e-learning environments. Therefore, the visualization an

Alex Cohen, Dmitrii Zakharov

We show that any set $A$ in $\mathbb F_2^n$ with $|A+A| \le |A|^{2-\eta}$ must intersect a subspace of dimension $O_{\eta}(\log |A|)$ in at least $|A|^{\eta - o(1)}$ elements.

Phong Nguyen, Anh M. T. Bui, Phuong T. Nguyen

Ensuring semantic consistency between source code and its accompanying comments is crucial for program comprehension, effective debugging, and long-term maintainability. Comment inconsistency arises when developers modify code but neglect to update the corresponding comments, potentially misleading future maintainers and introducing errors. Recent approaches

Mahdi Mostajabdaveh, F. Sibel Salman, Walter J. Gutjahr

The distribution of relief supplies to shelters is a critical aspect of post-disaster humanitarian logistics. In major disasters, prepositioned supplies often fall short of meeting all demands. We address the problem of planning vehicle routes from a distribution center to shelters while allocating limited relief supplies. To balance efficiency and equity, w

Mehrnaz Pourattar, Fatemah Ayatollah Zadeh Shirazi

The main aim of this paper is extending the concept of scambled pair and Li--Yorke chaos to non--uniform compact dynamical systems. We show for finite (compact Alexandroff) topological space $X$ with at least two elements the following statements are equivalent: $\bullet$ one--sided shift $\sigma:X^{\mathbb{N}}\to X^\mathbb{N}$ is Li--Yorke chaotic, $\bullet

Dušan Popov

Although the thermofield dynamics (TFD) was developed specifically for systems to which the ladder canonical operators and are associated, in the paper we showed that this approach can also be formulated for systems of deformed bosons, associated with a pair of deformed operators and . In this context we built sets of temperature dependent coherent states, b

Jorg Bornschein, Clare Lyle, Yazhe Li, Amal Rannen-Triki

When adapting large language models (LLMs) to a specific downstream task, two primary approaches are commonly employed: (1) prompt engineering, often with in-context few-shot learning, leveraging the model's inherent generalization abilities, and (2) fine-tuning on task-specific data, directly optimizing the model's parameters. While prompt-based methods exc

Helge Kristian Jenssen

Explicit irrotational solutions, obtained via the Cole-Hopf transform from the multi-d heat equation, give examples of non-uniqueness for the Cauchy problem in supercritical $L^p$, $W^{1,p}$, and $W^{2,p}$ regimes. We verify non-uniqueness of the trivial solution in the sense of $L^p(\RR^n)$, whenever $n\geq2$ and $1\leq p<n$. The same solutions give non-uni

Gurtej Kanwar, Octavio Vega

Although ensemble generation remains a central challenge in lattice field theory simulations, recent advances in generative modeling may offer a path to accelerated sampling in these contexts. In this work, we implement a framework for efficiently training diffusion models acting on ${\rm SU}(N)$ degrees of freedom, adapting the traditional score matching te

C. Malacaria, S. N. Pike, A. D'Aì, G. L. Israel

Accreting X-ray pulsars (XRPs) undergo different physical regimes depending on the mass accretion rate. Recent observations have shown a dramatic change in the emission properties of this class of sources observed at low luminosity. We explore the timing and spectral properties of the XRP MAXI J0655-013 observed in the low-luminosity regime (about 5x$10^{33}

Van Duc Nguyen, Chang Liu

The interaction between shear and double-diffusive convection (DDC) in the diffusive regime (cold fresh water on top of hot salty water) plays an important role in the heat and mass transport of polar region oceans. This study computes exact coherent structures (ECS) of diffusive-regime DDC with a uniform background shear in a vertically wall-bounded flow la

Calvin Pfeifer

We introduce a class of proper differential graded algebras which we call Serre cyclotomic. They generalize fractionally Calabi-Yau algebras and categorify de la Pe\~na's algebras of cyclotomic type. Path algebras of affine type and (higher) canonical algebras are examples of Serre cyclotomic algebras. Our definition is related to Elias-Hogancamp's theory of

Mihail N. Kolountzakis, Ruxi Shi, Sha Wu

In this paper we study the spectrality of arc-length measures supported on the union of two line segments in the plane. We show that any such spectral measure must admit a line spectrum. Moreover, when the two segments are non-parallel, such spectral measure admits only line spectra. Thus, in this case every spectrum is one dimensional. In addition we show t

Jong Wook Kim, Wonseok Roh, Ha Dam Baek, Pilhyeon Lee

3D Panoptic Occupancy Prediction aims to reconstruct a dense volumetric scene map by predicting the semantic class and instance identity of every occupied region in 3D space. Achieving such fine-grained 3D understanding requires precise geometric reasoning and spatially consistent scene representation across complex environments. However, existing approaches

Hao-En Li, Lin Lin

Electronic excited states are central to a vast array of physical and chemical phenomena, yet accurate and efficient methods for preparing them on quantum devices remain challenging and comparatively underexplored. We introduce a general dissipative algorithm for selectively preparing ab initio electronic excited states. The key idea is to recast excited-sta

Fabian Haneder, Gerrit Caspari, Juan Diego Urbina, Klaus Richter

Out-of-Time-Ordered Commutators (OTOCs), representing a key diagnostic for scrambling as a facet of short-time quantum chaos, have attracted wide-ranging interest, from many-body physics to quantum gravity. By means of a suitable form of the Wigner-Moyal expansion, and invoking ensemble equivalence in statistical physics, we provide a consistent approach to

Soroush Vahidi

Graph neural networks (GNNs) achieve strong performance on homophilic graphs but often struggle under heterophily, where adjacent nodes frequently belong to different classes. We propose an interpretable and adaptive framework for semi-supervised node classification based on explicit combinatorial inference rather than deep message passing. Our method assign

Tye Lidman, Juanita Pinzón-Caicedo

We show that two 3-manifolds that admit Sol geometry and have first homology group of order 16 are integer homology cobordant if and only if they are homeomorphic.

Atharva Shukla, Chandan Dasgupta

We consider a two-dimensional athermal binary mixture of Lennard-Jones particles with persistent random active forces. The liquid phase of this system for active forces exceeding a threshold value exhibits self-organization with long-range spatial correlations of particle velocities and active forces. We study by simulations the development of these correlat

Samuel Jacob Chacko, An-I Andy Wang, Lara Perez-Felkner, Sonia Haiduc

Computer Science (CS) departments often serve large student populations, making timely academic monitoring and personalized feedback difficult. While the recommended counselor-to-student ratio is 250:1, it often exceeds 350:1 in practice, leading to delays in support and interventions. We present CS-Guide, which leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to deli

Mathew Gluck

This work provides a description of the asymptotic behavior of sequences of solutions to an elliptic equation with a nonlocal exponential nonlinearity of Choquard type. The equation under consideration is a nonlocal analog of the classical prescribed Gaussian curvature equation. A concentration-compactness alternative is established for sequences of solution

Peter David Fagan

While often treated as abstract algorithmic properties, intelligence and computation are ultimately physical processes constrained by conservation laws. We introduce the Conservation-Congruent Encoding (CCE) framework as a unified, substrate-neutral physical framework for studying intelligence. We propose that information processing emerges when open systems

Shashi Kant Gupta, Arijeet Pramanik, Jerrin John Thomas, Regina Schwind

Unstructured notes within the electronic health record (EHR) contain rich clinical information vital for cancer treatment decision making and research, yet reliably extracting structured oncology data remains challenging due to extensive variability, specialized terminology, and inconsistent document formats. Manual abstraction, although accurate, is prohibi

Jiri Kvita, Petr Baron

We reconstruct the energy spectrum of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays using the publicly released Pierre Auger Observatory data set. Since event-level Monte Carlo truth information is not included in the open data, we develop a consistent procedure to regenerate a pseudo-Monte Carlo sample directly from the published quantities: the registered event counts $N$

Neelarun Mukherjee, Bo Gao, Ethan T. Coon, Pin Shuai

The thermal dynamics and hydrology of active layer soils and supra-permafrost aquifers determine the fate of the vast pool of carbon that they hold. In permafrost watersheds of Arctic Alaska, air temperature has warmed by up to 3.5 {\deg}C and snowfall has increased by up to ~40 mm from 1981 to 2020. How these changes impact the seasonal to decadal hydrologi

Tasha Pais, Nikhilesh Belulkar

Semantic Abstraction's key observation is that 2D VLMs' relevancy activations roughly correspond to their confidence of whether and where an object is in the scene. Thus, relevancy maps are treated as "abstract object" representations. We use this framework for learning 3D localization and completion for the exclusive domain of hidden objects, defined as obj

Andrew Stirling, Mykola Lukashchuk, Dmitry Bagaev, Wouter Kouw

This letter extends the exactly sparse Gaussian variational inference (ESGVI) algorithm for state estimation in two complementary directions. First, ESGVI is generalized to operate on matrix Lie groups, enabling the estimation of states with orientation components while respecting the underlying group structure. Second, factors are introduced to accommodate

Marco Ratta, Pavel Mozgunov, Sandrine Boulet, Moreno Ursino

The use of historical controls offers a valuable alternative when traditional randomized controlled trials are not feasible. However, such approaches may introduce bias due to temporal changes in patient populations, diagnostic criteria, and/or treatment standards. Hybrid designs, which combine a concurrent control arm with historical control data, can help

Rahul Shrestha, Khoi Tuan Hoang, Peter Riley, Roy Zektzer

Integrating alkali atomic vapors with nanophotonic devices offers a scalable route to quantum technologies that leverage strong atom-photon interactions. While there have been many approaches to such integration, the general reliance on traditional glass vapor cells, distilled alkali metals, and epoxy sealing limits reproducibility and scalability. Moreover,

Aditya Bhosale, Laxmikant Kale

The scientific computing ecosystem in Python is largely confined to single-node parallelism, creating a gap between high-level prototyping in NumPy and high-performance execution on modern supercomputers. The increasing prevalence of hardware accelerators and the need for energy efficiency have made resource adaptivity a critical requirement, yet traditional

A. Shekhovtsov

We revisit the problem of assigning a score (a quality of fit) to candidate geometric models -- one of the key components of RANSAC for robust geometric fitting. In a non-robust setting, the ``gold standard'' scoring function, known as the geometric error, follows from a probabilistic model with Gaussian noises. We extend it to spherical noises. In a robust

Ziming Mao, Yihan Zhang, Chihan Cui, Zhen Huang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) workloads rely on expert parallelism (EP) to achieve high GPU efficiency. State-of-the-art EP communication systems such as DeepEP demonstrate strong performance but exhibit poor portability across heterogeneous GPU and NIC platforms. The poor portability is rooted in architecture: GPU-initiated token-level RDMA communication require

Hira Ali, Naeem Shahid

We analyze emission trajectories from a driven-dissipative two-qubit system and a classical telegraph model with matched rates. Using Lempel-Ziv complexity, mutual information, and temporal correlations, we show that both models undergo a transition from independent to synchronized dynamics as coupling increases, but only the quantum trajectories develop enh

Giacomo Dimarco, Axel Klar, Theresa Köfler, Lorenzo Pareschi

We consider a Lattice Boltzmann type discrete velocity model in the low Mach number scaling and develop a corresponding numerical scheme that remains uniformly valid across all regimes of the mean free path, from the kinetic to the hydrodynamic scale. The proposed framework ensures high order temporal accuracy through the use of Implicit Explicit Runge Kutta

Francisco M. F. R. Gonçalves, Ryan M. Bena, Néstor O. Pérez-Arancibia

We introduce a new class of attitude control laws for rotational systems; the proposed framework generalizes the use of the Euler \mbox{axis--angle} representation beyond quaternion-based formulations. Using basic Lyapunov stability theory and the notion of extended class $\mathcal{K}$ function, we developed a method for determining and enforcing the global

Philipp Ketz, Adam McCloskey, Jan Scherer

In nonstandard testing environments, researchers often derive ad hoc tests with correct (asymptotic) size, but their optimality properties are typically unknown a priori and difficult to assess. This paper develops a numerical framework for determining whether an ad hoc test is effectively optimal - approximately maximizing a weighted average power criterion

Yousef Mehrdad Bibalan, Behrouz Far, Mohammad Moshirpour, Bahareh Ghiyasian

Work-in-Progress (WiP) prediction is critical for predictive process monitoring, enabling accurate anticipation of workload fluctuations and optimized operational planning. This paper proposes a retrieval-augmented, multi-agent framework that combines retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and collaborative multi-agent reasoning for WiP prediction. The narrati

Orlando Oliveira, Paulo J Silva

A crucial step in extracting physical predictions from lattice QCD simulations is the scale setting, i.e. the determination of the lattice spacing ($a$) in physical units. Herein, the relative scale setting for different $\beta$'s is discussed, using the Landau gauge gluon propagator computed with large statistical ensembles. After setting the relative scale

Fayçal Drissi, Xuchen Wu, Sebastian Jaimungal

We study the economic viability of liquidity provision in decentralised exchanges (DEXs) within a structural framework in which market outcomes are endogenous. We formulate strategic interactions as a sequential game: a risk-averse liquidity provider (LP) sets the supply of liquidity in the DEX and a costly dynamic replication strategy in a centralised excha

José Rodal

We conduct a detailed analysis of Nat'{a}rio's ``zero-expansion'' warp drive spacetime, focusing on scalar curvature invariants within the 3+1 formalism. This paper has four primary objectives: First, we establish the Petrov type classification of Nat'{a}rio's spacetime, which has not been previously determined in the literature. We prove that Nat'{a}rio's s

Elisabeth M. Werner, Diliya Yalikun

We define new surface area measures for ball-convex bodies which we call $L_p$ relative surface areas. We show that those are rigid motion invariant valuations. We establish inequalities for these quantities and prove a monotonicity behavior which leads to a new notion of entropy for ball-convex bodies. We introduce a weighted ball floating body. A derivativ

A. Archer, P. Bangale, J. T. Bartkoske, W. Benbow

Compilation of papers presented by the VERITAS Collaboration at the 39th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC), held July 14 through July 24, 2025 in Geneva, Switzerland.

Davi Juvêncio Gomes de Sousa, Nelson Alves Ferreira Neto, Christiano M. S. Nascimento, Lucas Q. Galvão

This article presents an analysis of the practical challenges and implementation perspectives of point-to-point continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) systems over optical fiber. The study addresses the physical layer, including the design of transmitters, quantum channels, and receivers, with emphasis on impairments such as attenuation, chrom

Mark Díaz, Renee Shelby, Eric Corbett, Andrew Smart

Generative AI's humanlike qualities are driving its rapid adoption in professional domains. However, this anthropomorphic appeal raises concerns from HCI and responsible AI scholars about potential hazards and harms, such as overtrust in system outputs. To investigate how technology workers navigate these humanlike qualities and anticipate emergent harms, we

Nadir Matringe

We give a new proof of the epsilon dichotomy conjecture, stated by Prasad and Takloo-Bighash, for non Archimedean local fields of characteristic zero, when the twisting character is trivial. Our method relies on the functional equation and the analytic properties of intertwining periods, instead of trace formula and type theory. It removes the odd residual c

Guilherme Cerqueira-Gonçalves

In 1984 Gauduchon conjectured that one can find Gauduchon metrics with prescribed Ricci curvature on all compact complex manifolds. This conjecture was settled by Sz\'ekelyhidi-Tosatti-Weinkove (TW17, TW19, STW17) by the study of the Monge-Amp\`ere equation for $(n-1)$-plurisubharmonic functions with a gradient term. In this paper we study a singular version

Bruna R. F. Oliveira, Antonio Camacho, Anis Guelmami, Christoph Schroder

Ecosystem restoration is a paramount policy priority for this decade, with ambitious global and European targets requiring unprecedented levels of data-driven implementation. Achieving effective and equitable restoration, particularly for coastal wetlands, hinges on spatially explicit socio-ecological information maps that integrate habitats, ecosystem servi

Davide Sipione, Giacomo Como, Gustav Nilsson

We study a multi-commodity Freeway Network Control (FNC) problem aiming at achieving optimal operation of a transportation network through the use of ramp metering and variable speed limits. Straightforward formulations of both single- and multi-commodity FNC problems based on the Cell Transmission Model are known to be non-convex, mainly due to the congesti

L. M. Becerra, E. A. Becerra-Vergara, F. D. Lora-Clavijo, J. F. Rodriguez

We model anisotropic neutron stars using three distinct prescriptions for pressure anisotropy, the Horvat, Bowers-Liang, and Covariant models, and three equations of state with different particle compositions, each described by a piecewise polytropic parametrization with continuous sound speed. The stability of these configurations is assessed through their

SaiKiran Tedla, Zhoutong Zhang, Xuaner Zhang, Shumian Xin

Focus is a cornerstone of photography, yet autofocus systems often fail to capture the intended subject, and users frequently wish to adjust focus after capture. We introduce a novel method for realistic post-capture refocusing using video diffusion models. From a single defocused image, our approach generates a perceptually accurate focal stack, represented

Ismail Ahmad Abdullah

Contemporary AI systems achieve extraordinary performance yet remain opaque and non-verifiable, creating a crisis of trust for safety-critical deployment. We introduce MathLedger, a substrate for verifiable machine cognition that integrates formal verification, cryptographic attestation, and learning dynamics into a single epistemic loop. The system implemen

Yuma Ichikawa, Naoya Takagi, Takumi Nakagawa, Yuzi Kanazawa

Transformers operate as horizontal token-by-token scanners; at each generation step, attending to an ever-growing sequence of token-level states. This access pattern increases prefill latency and makes long-context decoding more memory-bound, as KV-cache reads and writes dominate inference time over arithmetic operations. We propose Parallel Hierarchical Ope

Rodolphe Garbit, Kilian Raschel

In this paper we study the number of returns to the coordinate axes for two-dimensional nearest-neighbour random walks. While one-dimensional results on returns are classical, much less is known in higher dimensions. We analyse the asymptotic behaviour of returns under several natural conditionings: the unconditioned walk, bridges, meanders, and non-negative

Fabien Le Floc'h

Based on the existing literature, this article presents the different ways of choosing the parameters of stochastic volatility models in general, in the context of pricing financial derivative contracts. This includes the use of stochastic volatility inside stochastic local volatility models.

Kevin M. Silva, Kevin J. Maki

Research on the statistics of extreme events using deterministic wave group methods has largely been simplified to vessels at zero or constant speed and heading. In contrast, free-running vessels move with six degrees-of-freedom (6-DoF), leading to more complex and varied extreme response events. This paper details the extension of the Critical Wave Groups (

Naeimeh Tahriri, Vahid Mahdikhah, Jahanfar Abouie, Daryoosh Vashaee

Spin glasses occupy a unique place in condensed matter: they freeze collectively while remaining struc-turally disordered, and they exhibit slow, history-dependent dynamics that reflect an exceptionally rug-ged free-energy landscape. This review provides an integrated account of spin-glass physics, emphasiz-ing how microscopic ingredients (quenched randomnes

SaiKiran Tedla, Kelly Zhu, Trevor Canham, Felix Taubner

We seek to answer the question: what can a motion-blurred image reveal about a scene's past, present, and future? Although motion blur obscures image details and degrades visual quality, it also encodes information about scene and camera motion during an exposure. Previous techniques leverage this information to estimate a sharp image from an input blurry on

A. Lazarian, Yue Hu, D. Pogosyan

Super-Alfv\'enic turbulence is widespread in astrophysical environments, including molecular clouds and the diffuse plasma of galaxy clusters. At large scales, magnetic fields play only a minor dynamical role; however, for sufficiently extended turbulent cascades, the motions transition into the MHD regime at a characteristic scale $l_A$. We introduce a new

Hossein Fathi, Rafael F. Barros, Regina Gumenyuk

Structured light beams, such as optical vortices carrying orbital angular momentum, are essential for applications ranging from low-power optical communications to high-intensity laser-matter interactions. However, scaling their power and energy while preserving complex phase and spatial structures remains a fundamental challenge. In this work, we demonstrat

Sami Assaf, Nicolle González

We characterize subsets of highest weight $\mathfrak{g}$-crystals that arise as unions of Demazure crystals, for any symmetrizable Kac-Moody Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$. We provide a local characterization for these subsets and prove they admit disjoint decompositions into Demazure atoms. As a consequence, we give a new characterization for when a subset of a

Pınar Aydoğdu, Dolors Herbera

We construct a family of semiprimitive and non von Neumann regular rings satisfying that any right or left module is isomorphic to a quotient of its flat cover (in the sense of Enochs) by a small submodule. This answers in the negative a question posed by A.~Amini, B.~Amini, M.~Ershad and H.~Sharif (2007).

Jean Alexandre, Eleni-Alexandra Kontou, Diego Pardo Santos, Silvia Pla

Semi-classical dilaton gravity in (1+1)-dimensions remains one of the only arenas where quantum black holes can be exactly constructed, fully accounting for backreaction due to quantum matter. Here we provide a comprehensive analysis of the mass and thermodynamic properties of static asymptotically flat quantum black holes both analytically and numerically.

Diego Riofrío-Luzcando, Jaime Ramírez, Marta Berrocal-Lobo

Data mining is known to have a potential for predicting user performance. However, there are few studies that explore its potential for predicting student behavior in a procedural training environment. This paper presents a collective student model, which is built from past student logs. These logs are firstly grouped into clusters. Then an extended automato

Shashwat Chakraborty, Taylor L. Hughes

We identify an unconventional form of the non-Hermitian skin effect that occurs not in position space but in many-body Fock space, which we call the Fock space skin effect (FSSE). Using quantum dimer models, we characterize FSSE analytically and numerically, and propose a concrete route toward its realization in Rydberg atom arrays. The dimer constraint is e

Eyal Walach, Efrat Shimshoni

Disordered superconductors in low dimensions provide an exemplary manifestation for the role of quantum fluctuations in a many-body system. Specifically in Josephson arrays with comparable Josephson and charging energies ($E_J\sim E_C$), disorder tends to change the nature of the paradigmatic Superconductor-Insulator Transition (SIT) and potentially leads to

Alejandro Ayala, Flávia Fialho, Ana Mizher

We compute the running of the mass of a neutral boson and of its self-coupling in a simple model describing the self-interaction of three scalars, one of them neutral and the other two electrically charged, subject to the effects of a magnetic field, as functions of the field strength, at one-loop order. We resort to the Environmentally Friendly Renormalizat

Shane X. Coffing, John Tipton, Arvind T. Mohan, Darren Engwirda

Reduced-order models (ROMs) can represent spatiotemporal processes in significantly fewer dimensions and can often be solved many orders of magnitude faster than their governing partial differential equations (PDEs). For example, proper orthogonal decomposition yields a ROM in which the state is represented as a low-dimensional linear combination of fixed sp

Sumit Banik, Samuel Friot

Mellin-Barnes (MB) integrals appear in various branches of physics and mathematics and are, in particular, used as a standard tool for evaluating multi-loop, multi-scale Feynman integrals both analytically and numerically. Recent geometric approaches based on conic hulls and triangulations provide a systematic framework for computing multiple MB integrals in

Cyril Closset, Wei Gu, Osama Khlaif, Eric Sharpe

We construct new half-BPS line defects in 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric quiver gauge theories whose Higgs branches are complete flag manifolds $X = {\rm Fl}(n)$. Upon circle compactification, the bulk theory flows to a non-linear sigma model (NLSM) with target space $X$ and the line defects flow to objects supported on Schubert varieties $X_w \subseteq X

Zhaohui Zhi, Qingyun Qian, Jin-Guo Liu, Guo-Yi Zhu

Quantum many-body scars break ergodicity and evade thermalization, resulting in sub-volume law entanglement entropy even with high energy density. While their quantum correlations and entanglement have been elaborated previously, their capacity in storing extractable energy, quantified by the notion ergotropy, remains an open question. Here we focus on the r

Wynn C. G. Ho, Lucien Kuiper, Cristobal M. Espinoza, Timothy Leon

We present new timing models and update our previous ones for the rotational evolution of seven young energetic pulsars, including four of the top five in spin-down luminosity Edot among all known pulsars. For each of the six pulsars that were monitored on a regular basis by NICER, their rotation phase-connected timing model covers the entire period of NICER

Tingjia Miao, Wenkai Jin, Jinxin Tan, Muhua Zhang

Advances in LLM reasoning and tool use have enabled agentic science, yet frontier theoretical and computational physics remains challenging because research requires deep domain expertise, long-horizon reasoning, and reliable numerical computation. We introduce PRL-Bench, a research-reproduction benchmark adapted from 100 Physical Review Letters papers acros

YouYoung Joung, Jemin Park, SungBin Lee

We uncover a generic mechanism through which the intrinsic geometry of multifractal quantum wavefunctions generates effective all-to-all interactions in many-body systems. By analyzing the multifractal spectrum, we demonstrate that the simultaneous participation of widely separated length scales creates a global connectivity that bypasses local interaction c

Darius Dramburg, Shani Nadir Meynet, Andrea Sangiovanni

In this work we explore the relation between orbifold singularities and higher form symmetries. Using the geometric engineering dictionary, we argue that the discrete higher symmetries of 5d SCFTs constructed from M-theory on a non-compact Calabi-Yau threefold can be related to a quantum symmetry of the associated BPS quiver. Through un-orbifolding the quant

Pablo Bueno, Robie A. Hennigar, Ángel J. Murcia, Aitor Vicente-Cano

We study generalizations of Buchdahl's compactness limits for perfect-fluid star solutions of $D$-dimensional Einstein gravity coupled to higher-curvature corrections. We focus on Quasi-topological theories involving infinite towers of terms for which the unique vacuum spherically symmetric solutions correspond to regular black holes. We solve analytically t

Gudrun Hiller, Dominik Suelmann

We point out opportunities to probe invisible particles, left- and right-handed neutrinos, axion-like particles (ALPs) and dark photons $(Z^\prime)$ with rare decays of charm hadrons. We employ and recast existing searches in $D \to (\pi, \omega) X$, $D^ 0 \to X$ and $\Lambda_c \to p X$, where $X$ denotes one of the above invisible final states including din

Ahmed Rakin Kamal, Ratul Mahanta

We analytically construct families of type IIB supergravity backgrounds in ten dimensions in which the four-dimensional metric is time dependent, while the six-dimensional internal space is an arbitrary compact Calabi-Yau manifold (with no restriction on holonomy) up to an overall time-dependent scale factor. Our solutions include cases with all fluxes (thre

Paula Vulić, Vernesa Smolčić, Ghassem Gozaliasl, Ivan Delvecchio

We report the discovery of two tailed radio galaxies in the COSMOS field, associated with a massive, dynamically unrelaxed galaxy group detected in X-rays at z = 0.349. One of them is a wide-angle tail (WAT) galaxy, supporting the role of WATs as tracers of dynamically young groups and clusters. Our multiwavelength analysis combines VLA radio data, HST-ACS i

Justin Schirmann, Adolfo G. Grushin, Benjamin J. Wieder

Since the prediction and observation of topological Weyl semimetals (chiral TSMs), there have been enormous efforts to characterize further condensed matter realizations of chiral fermions. These efforts were dramatically accelerated by the subsequent discovery of a profound link between low-energy topological and lattice chirality in structurally chiral cry

Jaewon Yoo, Kyungwon Chun, Jongwan Ko, Jihye Shin

The KASI Deep Rolling Imaging Fast Telescope (K-DRIFT) is a pioneering instrument designed to explore low-surface-brightness (LSB) phenomena. This white paper presents a compelling array of science cases that showcase K-DRIFT's unique capabilities in unraveling the mysteries of intracluster light (ICL) and other LSB components within galaxy clusters. Explori

Finn Eckstein, Bo Han, Simon Trebst, Guo-Yi Zhu

For the surface code, topological quantum order allows one to encode logical quantum information in a robust, long-range entangled many-body quantum state. However, if an observer probes this quantum state by performing measurements on the underlying qubits, thereby collecting an ensemble of highly correlated classical snapshots, two closely related question

M. R. Siebert, J. D. R. Pierel, M. Engesser, D. A. Coulter

The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will provide a revolutionary measurement of the Universe's expansion kinematics, driven by dark matter and dark energy, out to $z \approx 3$. The accuracy of this measurement is predicated on the assumption that standardized Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) luminosities do not evolve with redshift. If present, SN Ia luminosity

Chee Sheng Fong, Yago Porto

After the electroweak symmetry breaking, we can write down two types of mass for the Standard Model neutrinos, Dirac or Majorana. It is often said that both types of mass cannot be distinguished in neutrino oscillation phenomena. This is in fact not true if neutrinos are pseudo-Dirac (strictly speaking still Majorana) where they mix almost maximally with ste

Avi Kaplan-Lipkin, Philip J. D. Crowley, Jonathan N. Hallén, Zilin Wang

Spin squeezed entanglement enables metrological precision beyond the classical limit. Understood through the lens of continuous symmetry breaking, dipolar spin systems exhibit the remarkable ability to generate spin squeezing via their intrinsic quench dynamics. To date, this understanding has primarily focused on lattice spin systems; in practice however, d

A. Ablat, A. Courtoy, S. Dulat, Y. Fu

We summarize recent progress toward the next generation of CTEQ-TEA parton distribution functions, CT25, based on a global NNLO analysis that incorporates a significant sample of newly included LHC data. We present a baseline fit within the forthcoming full CT25 fit, which includes new Drell-Yan, top-pair, and inclusive-jet data at 8 and 13 TeV, and exhibits

Jakob M. Helton, Jane E. Morrison, Kevin N. Hainline, Francesco D'Eugenio

JWST has discovered an early period of galaxy formation that was more vigorous than expected, which has challenged our understanding of the early Universe. In this work, we present the longest spectroscopic integration ever acquired by JWST/MIRI. This spectrum covers the brightest rest-frame optical nebular emission lines for the luminous galaxy JADES-GS-z14

Weichen Fan, Haiwen Diao, Quan Wang, Dahua Lin

Deep representations across modalities are inherently intertwined. In this paper, we systematically analyze the spectral characteristics of various semantic and pixel encoders. Interestingly, our study uncovers a highly inspiring and rarely explored correspondence between an encoder's feature spectrum and its functional role: semantic encoders primarily capt

Pablo Ruiz-Ponce, Sergio Escalera, José García-Rodríguez, Jiankang Deng

Generating realistic human-human interactions is a challenging task that requires not only high-quality individual body and hand motions, but also coherent coordination among all interactants. Due to limitations in available data and increased learning complexity, previous methods tend to ignore hand motions, limiting the realism and expressivity of the inte

Junze Ye, Daniel Tawfik, Alex J. Goodell, Nikhil V. Kotha

Reference labels for machine-learning benchmarks are increasingly synthesized with LLM assistance, but their reliability remains underexamined. We audit MedCalc-Bench, a clinical benchmark for medical score computation whose labels were partly derived with LLM assistance, and develop a scalable physician-in-the-loop stewardship pipeline to reassess them. At

Jiyu Chen, Jernej Mravlje, Denis Golež, Philipp Werner

We show that the nonlinear optical response probed by two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy (2DCS) can discriminate between excitonic and lattice driven order. In the excitonic regime of a realistic model of Ta$_2$NiSe$_5$, the third order 2DCS signals are strongly enhanced by the condensate's amplitude and phase modes, with negligible contributions from sin

Pietro Capuozzo, Jack Holden, Andy O'Bannon, James Ratcliffe

In type IIB supergravity (SUGRA), in the extremal background of a number N_c of D3-branes we consider a number N_f of probe D7-branes extended along all four D3-brane directions, (x_0,x_1,x_2,x_3). Using (x_2,x_3) to define complex coordinates (z,\bar{z}) and defining the D7-branes' worldvolume scalars as (y,\bar{y}), we prove that any holomorphic function y

Apoorv Vyas, Heng-Jui Chang, Cheng-Fu Yang, Po-Yao Huang

We introduce Perception Encoder Audiovisual, PE-AV, a new family of encoders for audio and video understanding trained with scaled contrastive learning. Built on PE, PE-AV makes several key contributions to extend representations to audio, and natively support joint embeddings across audio-video, audio-text, and video-text modalities. PE-AV's unified cross-m

Zixuan Ye, Quande Liu, Cong Wei, Yuanxing Zhang

Recently, the introduction of Chain-of-Thought (CoT) has largely improved the generation ability of unified models. However, it is observed that the current thinking process during generation mainly focuses on the text consistency with the text prompt, ignoring the \textbf{visual context consistency} with the visual reference images during the multi-modal ge

Thinh Le, Elijah Pelofske

We evaluate using programmable superconducting flux qubit D-Wave quantum annealers to approximate the partition function of Ising models. We propose the use of two distinct quantum annealer sampling methods: chains of Monte Carlo-like reverse quantum anneals, and standard linear-ramp quantum annealing. The control parameters used to attenuate the quality of

Dixuan Lin, Tianyou Wang, Zhuoyang Pan, Yufu Wang

We build the first system to address the problem of reconstructing in-scene object manipulation from a monocular RGB video. It is challenging due to ill-posed scene reconstruction, ambiguous hand-object depth, and the need for physically plausible interactions. Existing methods operate in hand centric coordinates and ignore the scene, hindering metric accura