December 2025 arXiv papers — page 83

Zhong-Han Xue, Jie Zhang

We investigate the three-dimensional melting dynamics of an initially spherical particle translating in a warmer liquid using sharp-interface simulations that fully resolve both solid and fluid phases with the Stefan condition. A wide parameter space is explored, spanning initial Reynolds number ($Re_0$), Stefan number ($St$), and Richardson number ($Ri$). I

Li Guo, Yan Jiang, Yunhe Sheng, You Wang

Combining the notions of braces and relative Rota-Baxter operators on groups in connection with the Yang-Baxter equation and a factorization theorem of Lie groups from integrable systems, relative Rota-Baxter operators on braces and post-braces are introduced. A relative Rota-Baxter operator on a brace naturally induces a post-brace, and conversely, every po

Liying Zhang, Ying Gao

The increasing need for rapid recalibration of option pricing models in dynamic markets places stringent computational demands on data generation and valuation algorithms. In this work, we propose a hybrid algorithmic framework that integrates the smooth offset algorithm (SOA) with supervised machine learning models for the fast pricing of multiple path-inde

Yanhao Sun, Ziyang Chen, Xiangyu Wang, Song Yu

Continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI QKD) can address vulnerabilities on the detection side of a QKD system. The core of this protocol involves continuous-variable Bell measurements performed by an untrusted third party. However, in high-speed systems, spectrum broadening causes Bell measurements to deviate from

Shunkun Liang, Banglei Guan, Zhenbao Yu, Dongcai Tan

Camera calibration is a crucial step in photogrammetry and 3D vision applications. This paper introduces a novel camera calibration method using a designed collimator system. Our collimator system provides a reliable and controllable calibration environment for the camera. Exploiting the unique optical geometry property of our collimator system, we introduce

Zhou Li, Xiang Zhang, Giuseppe Caire

Decentralized secure aggregation (DSA) considers a fully-connected network of $K$ users, where each pair of users can communicate bidirectionally over an error-free channel. Each user holds a private input, and the goal is for each user to compute the sum of all inputs without revealing any additional information, even in the presence of collusion among up t

Elyar Tourani, Brian J. Edwards, Bamin Khomami

Grid clustering algorithms are valued for their efficiency in large-scale data analysis but face persistent limitations: parameter sensitivity, loss of structural detail at coarse resolutions, and misclassifications of edge or bridge cells at fine resolutions. Previous studies have addressed these challenges through adaptive grids, parameter tuning, or hybri

Wendong Bi, Yirong Mao, Xianglong Liu, Kai Tian

Personalized music recommendation in conversational scenarios usually requires a deep understanding of user preferences and nuanced musical context, yet existing methods often struggle with balancing specialized domain knowledge and flexible tool integration. This paper proposes WeMusic-Agent, a training framework for efficient LLM-based conversational music

Bing Duan, Ralf Schiffler

In this paper, we propose a conjectural formula for the highest $\ell$-weight monomial of an arbitrary real module over a simply-laced quantum affine algebra. We verify the conjecture under a multiplicative reachability condition, answering the Hernandez--Leclerc classification problem in monoidal categorifications of cluster algebras under this condition. M

Zhengyuan Dong, Victor Zhong, Renée J. Miller

We present ModelTables, a benchmark of tables in Model Lakes that captures the structured semantics of performance and configuration tables often overlooked by text only retrieval. The corpus is built from Hugging Face model cards, GitHub READMEs, and referenced papers, linking each table to its surrounding model and publication context. Compared with open d

Sophia Seulkee Kang, François-Xavier Briol, Toni Karvonen, Zonghao Chen

This paper addresses the challenging computational problem of estimating intractable expectations over discrete domains. Existing approaches, including Monte Carlo and Russian Roulette estimators, are consistent but often require a large number of samples to achieve accurate results. We propose a novel estimator, \emph{BayesSum}, which is an extension of Bay

G. Abellán, N. Bolívar, A. Alexandrova, I. Vasilev

We present a detailed geometric analysis of adiabatic, anisotropic gravitational collapse formulated in a single Painlev\'e-Gullstrand coordinate system that covers both the interior and exterior, thereby eliminating cross-chart matching artifacts. Building on the Oppenheimer-Snyder framework with a phenomenologically motivated energy-density profile, we enf

Sandeep Neela

Market manipulation now routinely originates from coordinated social media campaigns, not isolated trades. Retail investors, regulators, and brokerages need tools that connect online narratives and coordination patterns to market behavior. We present AIMM, an AI-driven framework that fuses Reddit activity, bot and coordination indicators, and OHLCV market fe

Fanghua Li, Xiaolin Zhou, Yongkang Chen, Wei Ni

Photon counting (PhC) is an effective detection technology for underwater optical wireless communication (OWC) systems. The presence of signal-dependent Poisson shot noise and asynchronous multi-user interference (MUI) complicates the processing of received data signals, hindering the effective signal detection of PhC OWC systems. This paper proposes a novel

Fei Zhao, Mengxi Guo, Shijie Zhao, Junlin Li

In recent years, user generated content (UGC) has become the dominant force in internet traffic. However, UGC videos exhibit a higher degree of variability and diverse characteristics compared to traditional encoding test videos. This variance challenges the effectiveness of data-driven machine learning algorithms for optimizing encoding in the broader conte

Xurong Chen, Sergey Khlebtsov, Armen Oganesian, Oleg Teryaev

The decays of pseudoscalar mesons to real and virtual photons as well as neutrino-antineutrino pairs are considered in the framework of the dispersive method based on Anomaly Sum Rules. The contribution of singlet channel involving the new non-perturbative gluon form factor of virtual photon $B(q^2)$ is systematically taken into account. The detailed analysi

Hsu-Tzu Ting, Jerry Chou, Ming-Hung Chen, I-Hsin Chung

Modern GPU workloads increasingly demand efficient resource sharing, as many jobs do not require the full capacity of a GPU. Among sharing techniques, NVIDIA's Multi-Instance GPU (MIG) offers strong resource isolation by enabling hardware-level GPU partitioning. However, leveraging MIG effectively introduces new challenges. First, resource contention persist

Jiliang Jing, Weike Deng, Sheng Long

To establish a self-consistent effective one-body (EOB) theory that describes the dynamical evolution of binary systems based on the post-Minkowskian (PM) approximation, where the Hamiltonian, radiation reaction force, and waveforms are derived from an effective metric, the primary objective is to obtain the effective metric. Given that third generation grav

Jian-Jia Wang, Ling-Zhi Tang, Yan-Xiong Du, Dan-Wei Zhang

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) are non-equilibrium phases in periodically driven systems that exhibit spontaneous breaking of discrete time-translation symmetry. The stabilization of most DTC phases is achieved via the disorder-induced many-body localization. In this work, we propose an experimental scheme to realize disorder-free DTCs in a periodically drive

Bhanu Narra

We find a dual description of the supersymmetric $SL(2, \mathbb{C})/SU(2)$ WZW model as a super-winding condensate CFT, which follows simply from the bosonic AdS$_3$ duality found in [arXiv:2104.07233]. This duality can be seen as a dimensional uplift of the mirror symmetry between the $H_3^+/U(1)$ supercoset and $\mathcal{N}=2$ super-Liouville theory.

Shunsuke Hirota

For semisimple Lie algebras, the BGG resolution is often viewed as a categorification of the Weyl character formula. For general linear Lie superalgebras, Brundan--Stroppel constructed an infinite resolution of the so-called Kostant simple modules by Kac modules, but their construction does not directly generalize the classical BGG resolution. In this paper

Jacob Feinleib, Matthew Dew, N. G. Holmes

Education literature recommends many different strategies for structuring student group work in labs. Many of these strategies, however, have not been sufficiently evaluated for their effects on student outcomes. One prior study suggested that sharing roles, rather than splitting roles, in lab groups can boost students' physics interest and self-efficacy. He

Jintao Zhang, Kaiwen Zheng, Kai Jiang, Haoxu Wang

We introduce TurboDiffusion, a video generation acceleration framework that can speed up end-to-end diffusion generation by 100-200x while maintaining video quality. TurboDiffusion mainly relies on several components for acceleration: (1) Attention acceleration: TurboDiffusion uses low-bit SageAttention and trainable Sparse-Linear Attention (SLA) to speed up

Zibin Liu, Shunkun Liang, Banglei Guan, Dongcai Tan

Event cameras are a new type of brain-inspired visual sensor with advantages such as high dynamic range and high temporal resolution. The geometric calibration of event cameras, which involves determining their intrinsic and extrinsic parameters, particularly in long-range measurement scenarios, remains a significant challenge. To address the dual requiremen

Masataka Aizawa, Takayuki Muto, Munetake Momose

High-resolution observations of Class II protoplanetary disks frequently reveal annular structures that may indicate the presence of embedded planets. In this study, we model brightness profiles and geometries for 16 dusty disks in the DSHARP observations to identify asymmetric substructures, including possible planet-induced signatures. We find no compellin

S M Toufiqul Huq Sowrov

This study investigates the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on economic growth in South Asian countries, utilizing annual panel data from five SAARC member states (Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) over the period 1980-2017. Data sourced from the World Development Indicators and Penn World Table were analyzed using static panel mod

Huali Zhang

In this article, we initiate the study of the Cauchy problem for the two-dimensional relativistic Euler equations in a low-regularity setting. By introducing good variables--a rescaled velocity, logarithmic enthalpy, and an appropriately defined vorticity, we reformulate the equations into a coupled wave-transport system. First, we prove the existence and un

Haopeng Zhao, Marsha Mariya Kappan, Mahdi Bamdad, Francisco Cruz

Human pose estimation is a crucial task in computer vision. Methods that have SOTA (State-of-the-Art) accuracy, often involve a large number of parameters and incur substantial computational cost. Many lightweight variants have been proposed to reduce the model size and computational cost of them. However, several of these methods still contain components th

Jianyun Guan, Kefeng Liu, Yong Wang

Using Liu's modular invariance method and its odd-dimensional extension by Han and Yu, we establish new Witten rigidity theorems for the generalized Witten genus of twisted Dirac operators on even-dimensional spin$^c$ manifolds and twisted Toeplitz operators on odd-dimensional spin$^c$ manifolds with circle actions.

Saeed Mahloujifar, Narine Kokhlikyan, Chuan Guo, Kamalika Chaudhuri

Image data collected in the wild often contains private information such as faces and license plates, and responsible data release must ensure that this information stays hidden. At the same time, released data should retain its usefulness for model-training. The standard method for private information obfuscation in images is Gaussian blurring. In this work

Zeinab Jabbari Velisdeh, David K. Mills

This study examines the application of metal coated nanotubes, specifically magnesium oxide coated halloysite nanotubes (MgO HNTs), to enhance seed germination and early plant development under Earth, lunar, and Martian soil conditions. MgO HNTs were synthesized through an electrodeposition process and characterized by scanning electron microscopy to confirm

Thanh Dat Hoang, Thanh Tam Nguyen, Thanh Trung Huynh, Hongzhi Yin

Most modern Text2SQL systems prompt large language models (LLMs) with entire schemas -- mostly column information -- alongside the user's question. While effective on small databases, this approach fails on real-world schemas that exceed LLM context limits, even for commercial models. The recent Spider 2.0 benchmark exemplifies this with hundreds of tables a

Kiran Chhatre, Renan Guarese, Andrii Matviienko, Christopher Peters

Social interactions incorporate nonverbal signals to convey emotions alongside speech, including facial expressions and body gestures. Generative models have demonstrated promising results in creating full-body nonverbal animations synchronized with speech; however, evaluations using statistical metrics in 2D settings fail to fully capture user-perceived emo

Tianyi Ma

In decentralized finance (DeFi), designing fixed-income lending automated market makers (AMMs) is extremely challenging due to time-related complexities. Moreover, existing protocols only support single-maturity lending. Building upon the BondMM protocol, this paper argues that its mathematical invariants are sufficiently elegant to be generalized to arbitra

Alice Devillers, Michael Giudici, Daniel R. Hawtin, Lukas Klawuhn

Two fundamental ways to represent a group are as permutations and as matrices. In this paper, we study linear representations of groups that intertwine with a permutation representation. Recently, D'Alconzo and Di Scala investigated how small the matrices in such a linear representation can be. The minimal dimension of such a representation is the \emph{line

Rohit Gupta

The study of nuclear modification factor is crucial in advancing our knowledge of the hot and dense nuclear matter created during high energy heavy-ion collision. In this direction, we have developed a theoretical model for the nuclear modification factor using the Boltzmann Transport equation in relaxation time approximation with the q-Weibull distribution

Friedrich Doku, Jonathan Laughton, Nick Wanninger, Peter Dinda

Securing low-latency I/O in commodity systems forces a fundamental trade-off: rely on the kernel's high overhead mediated interface, or bypass it entirely, exposing sensitive hardware resources to userspace and creating new vulnerabilities. This dilemma stems from a hardware granularity mismatch: standard MMUs operate at page boundaries, making it impossible

Haomeng Zhang, Kuan-Chuan Peng, Suhas Lohit, Raymond A. Yeh

Open-vocabulary 3D object detection methods are able to localize 3D boxes of classes unseen during training. Despite the name, existing methods rely on user-specified classes both at training and inference. We propose to study Auto-Vocabulary 3D Object Detection (AV3DOD), where the classes are automatically generated for the detected objects without any user

Jia Hu, Junqi Li, Xuerun Yan, Jintao Lai

Simulation testing is a fundamental approach for evaluating automated vehicles (AVs). To ensure its reliability, it is crucial to accurately replicate interactions between AVs and background traffic, which necessitates effective calibration. However, existing calibration methods often fall short in achieving this goal. To address this gap, this study introdu

Hao Tang, Hanyu Liu, Alessandro Perelli, Xi Chen

Diffusion MRI (dMRI) is a critical non-invasive technique to estimate fiber orientation distribution (FOD) for characterizing white matter integrity. Estimating FOD from single-shell low angular resolution dMRI (LAR-FOD) is limited by accuracy, whereas estimating FOD from multi-shell high angular resolution dMRI (HAR-FOD) requires a long scanning time, which

Shao-Ting Chiu, Aditya Nambiar, Ali Syed, Jonathan W. Siegel

An important application of neural networks to scientific computing has been the learning of non-linear operators. In this framework, a neural network is trained to fit a non-linear map between two infinite dimensional spaces, for example, the solution operator of ordinary and partial differential equations. Recently, inspired by the discovery of in-context

Nan Gao, Pu Zhang, Shijie Zhu

An algebra $A$ is left weakly Gorenstein if any semi-Gorenstein-projective left $A$-modules is Gorenstein-projective. The weakly Gorensteinness of two kinds of algebras are answered. Using the method of the monomorphism category, it is proved that the tensor algebra $A\otimes B$ with ${\rm gl.dim} B< \infty$ is left weakly Gorenstein if and only if so is $A$

Yixuan Gao, Tanvir Ahmed, Mikhail Mohammed, Zhongqi Cheng

Widespread Pb (lead) contamination of urban soil significantly impacts food safety and public health and hinders city greening efforts. However, most existing technologies for measuring Pb are labor-intensive and costly. In this study, we propose SoilScanner, a radio frequency-based wireless system that can detect Pb in soils. This is based on our discovery

Xin Wang, Zhenhao Li, Zishuo Ding

The performance of modern software systems is critically dependent on their complex configuration options. Building accurate performance models to navigate this vast space requires effective sampling strategies, yet existing methods often struggle with multi-objective optimization and cannot leverage semantic information from documentation. The recent succes

Gustavo Coelho Haase, Paulo Henrique Dourado da Silva

We present DeepBridge, an 80K-line Python library that unifies multi-dimensional validation, automatic compliance verification, knowledge distillation, and synthetic data generation. DeepBridge offers: (i) 5 validation suites (fairness with 15 metrics, robustness with weakness detection, uncertainty via conformal prediction, resilience with 5 drift types, hy

Shravan Chaudhari, Rahul Thomas Jacob, Jiajun Cao, Shihab Rashid

Retrieving code functions, classes or files relevant to a user query, bug report or feature request from large codebases is a fundamental challenge for Large Language Model (LLM)-based coding agents. Agentic approaches typically employ sparse methods like BM25 or dense embedding strategies to identify semantically relevant units. While dense embedding approa

Shubh Laddha, Lucas Changbencharoen, Win Kuptivej, Surya Shringla

Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers contain a collection of thousands of open-source standardized tools, linking LLMs to external systems; however, existing datasets and benchmarks lack realistic, human-like user queries, remaining a critical gap in evaluating the tool usage and ecosystems of MCP servers. Existing datasets often do contain tool descriptions

Maolin Lei, Edoardo Romiti, Arturo Laurenzi, Rui Dai

Modular manipulators composed of pre-manufactured and interchangeable modules offer high adaptability across diverse tasks. However, their deployment requires generating feasible motions while jointly optimizing morphology and mounted pose under kinematic, dynamic, and physical constraints. Moreover, traditional single-branch designs often extend reach by in

Eunkyu Seong, Seojeong Lee

The Bank of Korea (BoK) regularly publishes the Economic Outlook, offering forecasts for key macroeconomic variables such as GDP growth, inflation, and unemployment rates. This study examines whether the BoK's inflation forecasts exhibit bias, specifically a tendency to align with its inflation target. We extend the Holden and Peel (1990) test to incorporate

Mirella Emily Bezerra Santana, Cauã Otaviano Jordão, Victor Barbosa dos Santos, Leonardo José Oliveira Ibiapina

This paper presents WING, an adaptive and gamified mobile learning platform designed to support literacy development for neurodivergent children. Motivated by the limitations of traditional literacy approaches in addressing diverse cognitive profiles, the platform integrates inclusive Human-Computer Interaction principles, multisensory design, and adaptive l

Syed Salauddin Mohammad Tariq, Foyzul Hassan, Amiangshu Bosu, Probir Roy

Serverless computing simplifies deployment and scaling, yet cold-start latency remains a major performance bottleneck. Unlike prior work that treats mitigation as a black-box optimization, we study cold starts as a developer-visible design problem. From 81 adjudicated issue reports across open-source serverless systems, we derive taxonomies of initialization

Sean Breckling, Matthew Swan, Keith D. Tan, Derek Wingard

The Learned Primal Dual (LPD) method has shown promising results in various tomographic reconstruction modalities, particularly under challenging acquisition restrictions such as limited viewing angles or a limited number of views. We investigate the performance of LPD in a more extreme case: single-view tomographic reconstructions of axially-symmetric targe

Xiangren Zeng, Shenjin Zhang, Zhiheng Li, Weiyue Ma

Infrared transparent conductors have long been sought due to their broad optoelectronic applications in the infrared wavelength range. However, the search for ideal materials has been limited by the inherent trade-off between electrical conductance and optical transmittance. Band engineering offers an effective approach to modulate carrier type and density,

Qidi Xu, Nuzha Amjad, Grace Giles, Alexa Cumming

Understanding patients experiences is essential for advancing patient-centered care. Qualitative thematic analysis is widely used to explore these experiences, however, the process remains labor-intensive, subjective, and difficult to scale. This study aimed to develop and evaluate Collaborative Theme Identification Agent (CoTI), a multi-agent large language

Igor Araujo, Rafael Filipe, Rafael Miyazaki

Let $f(n)$ be the maximum, over all graphs $G$ on $n$ vertices, of the ratio $\frac{\chi(G)}{\omega(G)}$, where $\chi(G)$ denotes the chromatic number of $G$ and $\omega(G)$ the clique number of $G$. In 1967, Erd\H{o}s showed that \[ \Big( \frac{1}{4} +o(1) \Big) \frac{n}{(\log_2 n)^2} \le f(n) \le \big( 4+o(1) \big) \frac{n}{(\log_2 n)^2} .\] We show that \

Fernando Baltazar-Larios, Alejandra Quintos

Inhomogeneous phase-type (IPH) distributions extend classical phase-type (PH) models by allowing transition intensities to vary over time, offering greater flexibility for modeling heavy-tailed distributions or time-dependent absorption phenomena. Statistical inference for these models has largely assumed that absorption times, or entire trajectories, are ob

Derong Xu, Yongjun Li, Yue Hao, Sergei Nagaitsev

In non-degenerate integrable Hamiltonian systems, invariant tori can be parameterized equivalently by action variables or by their fundamental frequencies. We introduce an invariant-flow formulation for extracting fundamental frequencies of integrable Hamiltonian systems. By treating invariants as generators of commuting Hamiltonian flows, the frequencies ar

Jacob Choi, Shuying Cao, Xingjian Dong, Amin Banayeeanzade

In-Context Learning (ICL) has become a standard technique for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to specialized tasks by supplying task-specific exemplars within the prompt. However, when these exemplars contain sensitive information, reliable privacy-preserving mechanisms are essential to prevent unintended leakage through model outputs. Many privacy-pre

Yifei Qiu, Tianle Liao, Xin Jin, Qinyu Zhang

A space-air-ground-sea integrated network (SAGSIN) has emerged as a cornerstone of 6G systems, establishing a unified global architecture by integrating multi-domain network resources. Motivated by the demand for real-time situational awareness and intelligent operational maintenance, digital twin (DT) technology was initially regarded as a promising solutio

Wanderson Matos

We study polynomial families {f_n(x)}_{n>=0} over a commutative ring R encoded by triangular arrays of order m, via expansions of the form f_n(x)=sum_{b=0}^{floor(n/m)} lambda_1(n,b) x^{n-mb}, where lambda_1 is the direct kernel supported on 0<=b<=floor(n/m). Under a simple discrete orthogonality condition, we prove the existence and uniqueness of an inverse

Jiaheng Geng, Jiatong Du, Xinyu Zhang, Ye Li

Safety-critical corner cases, difficult to collect in the real world, are crucial for evaluating end-to-end autonomous driving. Adversarial interaction is an effective method to generate such safety-critical corner cases. While existing adversarial evaluation methods are built for models operating in simplified simulation environments, adversarial evaluation

Masayuki Note

Within the framework of local, Lorentz-invariant, and Hermitian field theories, we investigate the classification of dimension-6 operators that facilitate the dynamical cancellation of vacuum-energy divergences. We demonstrate that the operator class based on the $\Box^2$ d'Alembertian is uniquely singled out by the requirement of universal power-divergence

Lion Krüger, Fabian Brütting, Michael Baumann, Moritz B. Heindl

Quantum wells made of two-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (2D-PKs) offer a high degree of flexibility in tailoring optoelectronic properties through carrier confinement and functional interlayers. Compared to their 3D counterparts, 2D-PKs exhibit tunable photoluminescence, excitonic binding at room temperature and enhanced structural stabili

Sidharth Kannan, Pooyan Goodarzi, Evangelos E. Papalexakis, Jonathan W. Richardson

In recent years, graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown tremendous promise in solving problems in high energy physics, materials science, and fluid dynamics. In this work, we introduce a new application for GNNs in the physical sciences: instrumentation design. As a case study, we apply GNNs to simulate models of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave

Emma Berger, Michael Arumainayagam, Zhihuan Dong, Lucas Schneider

Two-dimensional moir\'e materials provide a versatile platform to explore phase transitions in strongly correlated systems. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) we have imaged the density-driven melting of generalized Wigner crystals (GWCs) and Mott insulators (MIs) in electron-doped, near-60{\deg} twisted MoSe2 bilayers featuring a triangular moir\'e s

Jin-Long Xu, Nai-Ping Yu, Ming Zhu, Chuan-Peng Zhang

How a seemingly `dead' host galaxy provides fuel for its active galactic nuclei (AGN) remains an unresolved problem. Using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), we present a new high-sensitivity atomic-hydrogen (HI) observation toward the nearby elliptical galaxy NGC 4278 and its adjacent region. From the observation, we found tha

Nicholas Brunelle, Joshua Kanaganayagam, Mehdi Keshavarz, Chloe Clear

Combining the long-coherence of spin qubits and the capability to transmit information and entanglement through photons, spin-photon interfaces (SPIs) are a promising platform for networked quantum computation and long-distance quantum communication. SPIs that possess local `memory' qubits in addition to the optically coupled `communication' qubit can improv

Shu Wan, Reepal Shah, John Sabo, Huan Liu

Streamflow forecasting is crucial for water resource management and risk mitigation. While deep learning models have achieved strong predictive performance, they often overlook underlying physical processes, limiting interpretability and generalization. Recent causal learning approaches address these issues by integrating domain knowledge, yet they typically

Vincent T. Lee, Tanfer Alan, Sung Kim, Ecenur Ustun

The next generation of human-oriented computing will require always-on, spatially-aware wearable devices to capture egocentric vision and functional primitives (e.g., Where am I? What am I looking at?, etc.). These devices will sense an egocentric view of the world around us to observe all human-relevant signals across space and time to construct and maintai

M. Dutra, E. Marulanda, G. G. Vasques, J. F. Oliveira

The effect of Ga substitution on the electronic, magnetic, and low-energy responses of the Zintl phase EuZn$_2$P$_2$ is investigated by electrical transport, electron spin resonance (ESR), and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Incorporating Ga into EuZn$_2$P$_2$ (EuZn$_{1.8}$Ga$_{0.2}$P$_2$) reduces the electrical resistivity, indicating enhanced

Ina Park, Turan Birol, Antoine Georges, Rafael M. Fernandes

One of the distinguishing features of an altermagnet is that its spin-up and spin-down bands display a nodal momentum-dependent splitting even in the absence of spin-orbit coupling. While this property has been investigated in many weakly-correlated altermagnetic materials, the impact of strong electron-electron interactions on the spin-dependent electronic

David Gao, Zeyuan Wang, Mihika Jain, Arnold J. T. M. Mathijssen

Bacteria commonly inhabit porous environments such as host tissues, soil, and marine sediments, where complex geometries constrain and redirect their motion. Although bacterial motility has been studied in porous media, the roles of cell length and pore shape in navigating these environments remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate how cell morphology

Paul M. Neves, Takashi Kurumaji, Joshua P. Wakefield, Arno Hiess

Recently, a host of exotic magnetic textures such as topologically protected skyrmion lattices has been discovered in several bulk metallic lanthanide compounds. In addition to hosting skyrmion phases, a hallmark of this class of materials is the appearance of numerous spin textures characterized by a superposition of multi-$q$ magnetic modulations: spin moi

Yoshito Watanabe, Simon Trebst, Ciarán Hickey

With recent advances in terahertz (THz) sources and detection, two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy (2DCS), which allows to probe nonlinear responses in a two-frequency plane, now reaches the meV regime relevant for quasiparticle excitations in magnetic materials. This opens a promising route to reveal many-body phenomena that evade linear-response probes.

L. Martin-Gondre, V. Meko Fotso, C. Métais, A. Patt

Thermodynamic stability of N$_2$ clathrate hydrates in the sI and sII structures is investigated using density functional theory with several exchange-correlation functionals, explicitly accounting for composition (cage occupancies) and pressure at T = 0 K. Among the tested functionals, revPBE-D3(0) best reproduces experimental lattice parameters and bulk mo

Klaus Jansen, Tobias Mömke, Björn Schumacher

We study hardness of reoptimization of the fundamental and hard to approximate SetCover problem. Reoptimization considers an instance together with a solution and a modified instance where the goal is to approximate the modified instance while utilizing the information gained by solution to the related instance. We study four different types of reoptimizatio

Oem Trivedi

We show that atomic clock measurements provides an exceptionally sensitive Solar System probe of scalar tensor dark energy. By connecting variations in Newton&#39;s constant and differential clock drifts to the dynamics of a single dark energy scalar, we derive a direct constraint on the present day equation of state and our results force any locally coupled

Mohammadreza Fakhraei, Michaela Bush, Chris A. Kieslich, Michael P. Howard

The dynamics of anisotropic particles are dictated by forces and torques that can be challenging to mathematically represent in computer simulations. Several data-driven approaches have been developed to approximate these interactions, but they often rely on having large amounts of training data that may be practically difficult to generate. Here, we extend

Tom Barnowsky, Carsten Timm, Rico Friedrich

Exfoliation and cleavage create two-dimensional (2D) materials and surfaces with physical and chemical properties distinct from their bulk parents. The rising class of non-van der Waals (non-vdW) 2D materials derived from non-layered crystals provides a fascinating new platform - greatly expanding the landscape of low-dimensional materials. Current computati

Benjamin J. Dringoli, David G. Cooke

In an ultrafast optical-pump terahertz-probe measurement, the photoinduced material response can be modulated on a timescale shorter than the extent of the THz pulse. In this situation, the measured time-frequency response deviates from a simple time-dependent linear response. When full two-dimensional time-frequency maps are measured, this yields complex fe

Luuk H. E. Kempen, Raffaele Cheula, Mie Andersen

Foundational machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) are being developed at a rapid pace, promising closer and closer approximation to ab initio accuracy. This unlocks the possibility to simulate much larger length and time scales. However, benchmarks for these MLIPs are usually limited to ordered, crystalline and bulk materials. Hence, reported perf

Anis Maddi, Mourad Oudich, Aurelien Merkel, Julio A. Iglesias Martínez

Non-Hermitian systems enable advanced control of wave propagation by exploiting engineered losses. This introduces an additional degree of freedom that permits the emergence of exceptional points (EPs). In this letter, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate the control of scattering singularities in a non-Hermitian acoustic system using quasibound s

Timon L. Baltisberger, Francesco Salusti, Mark R. Hogg, Malwina A. Marczak

Decay of a four-level diamond scheme via a cascade is a potential source of entangled photon pairs. A solid-state implementation is the biexciton cascade in a semiconductor quantum dot. While high entanglement fidelities have been demonstrated, the two photons, XX and X, are temporally correlated, typically resulting in poor photon coherence. Here, we demons

Mohamed Shamseldein

AI workloads are turning large data centers into highly dynamic power-electronic loads; fault-time behavior and workload pulsing can stress weak-grid points of interconnection. This paper proposes a centralized medium-voltage (MV) uninterruptible power supply (UPS) control architecture implemented as three operating modes: Mode 1 regulates a DC stiff bus and

Mauro Marchese, Pietro Savazzi

In this work, a novel receiver architecture for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communications in 6G high-mobility scenarios is developed. In particular, a delay-Doppler superimposed pilot (SP) scheme is used for channel estimation (CE) by adding a single pilot in the delay-Doppler domain. Unlike previous research on delay-Doppler superimpo

C. M. Duffy, M. Altangerel, S. Badoux, D. Vignolles

The mechanism of doping in the composite Pr$_x$Y$_{1-x}$Ba$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-δ}$ (Pr-YBCO) system is distinct from that of pure YBCO, offering a means to explore the requirements for the numerous electronic orders appearing in the phase diagram. One such example is the ubiquitous 2D charge order and concomitant Fermi surface reconstruction in underdoped YBCO. H

Tatsuo Shibata

In biological systems, active agents such as actomyosin and cells move and interact on curved surfaces, exhibiting diverse phenomena. These observations have motivated studies of how curvature shapes their collective behavior. Here, using a geometric framework, a minimal model is presented for interacting active agents on curved surfaces with Vicsek-like pol

Paloma Casteleiro Costa, Parnian Ghapandar Kashani, Xuhui Liu, Alexander Chen

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful quantitative technique that provides metabolic and molecular contrast, offering strong translational potential for label-free, real-time diagnostics. However, its clinical adoption remains limited by long pixel dwell times and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which impose a stricter resolution-spe

Matthew Toole, Nileema Sharma, James McKenzie, Fangjun Cheng

Spatially periodic modulations of the superconducting gap have been recently reported in diverse materials and are often attributed to pair density wave order. An alternative mechanism, termed pair-breaking scattering interference (PBSI), was proposed to produce gap modulations without finite-momentum pairing. Here we investigate signatures of PBSI in bulk F

Jiawei Gao, Chuanfei Dong, Chi Zhang, Yilan Qin

Understanding the magnetic field environment around Mars and its response to upstream solar wind conditions provide key insights into the processes driving atmospheric ion escape. To date, global models of Martian induced magnetosphere have been exclusively physics-based, relying on computationally intensive simulations. For the first time, we develop a data

V. Venkatraman Krishnan, L. Shao, V. Balakrishnan, M. Colom i Bernadich

Binary (and trinary) radio pulsars are natural laboratories in space for understanding gravity in the strong field regime, with many unique and precise tests carried out so far, including the most precise tests of the strong equivalence principle and of the radiative properties of gravity. The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) telescope, with its high sensitivity

F. Abbate, A. Carleo, S. Chatterjee, J. Cordes

The detection of a pulsar closely orbiting our Galaxy&#39;s supermassive black hole - Sagittarius A* - is one of the ultimate prizes in pulsar astrophysics. The relativistic effects expected in such a system could far exceed those currently observable in compact binaries such as double neutron stars and pulsar white dwarfs. In addition, pulsars offer the opp

G. Abellán, N. Bolívar, I. Vasilev

We construct and analyze a class of static spherically symmetric spacetimes in general relativity sourced exclusively by classical electrostatic configurations. Using a spherically symmetric Painlevé-Gullstrand-like metric with unit lapse and a radial shift function, we develop piecewise-defined solutions where the interior geometry is flat and the exterior

Abhijit Bera, Kevin E. Bassler

Variable Speed Generalized Lévy Walks (VGLWs) are a class of spatio-temporally coupled stochastic processes that unify a broad range of previously studied models within a single parametrized framework. Their dynamics consist of discrete random steps, or flights, during which the walker&#39;s speed varies deterministically with both the elapsed time and the t

Björn Penning, Nicolas Angelides, Laura Baudis, Harvey Birch

Underground laboratories provide the ultra-low background and low-vibration environments essential for rare-event searches, gravitational-wave detection, and quantum-sensing technologies. We report a comprehensive environmental characterisation of the Bedretto tunnel in Ticino, Switzerland, a site offering horizontal access, excellent infrastructure, and the

Niels Goedegebure, Kateryna Marynets

The Hilfer fractional derivative generalizes and interpolates between the commonly used Riemann-Liouville and Caputo fractional derivative. In general, solutions to Hilfer fractional derivative initial value problems are singular for $t \downarrow t_0$, providing a challenge in numerical approximation. In this work, we present a Bernstein splines method to o

Edwin Langmann, Jonatan Lenells

We consider the antiferromagnetic gap for the half-filled two-dimensional (2D) Hubbard model (on a square lattice) at zero temperature in Hartree-Fock theory. It was conjectured by Hirsch in 1985 that this gap, $Δ$, vanishes like $\exp(-2π\sqrt{t/U})$ in the weak-coupling limit $U/t\downarrow 0$ ($U>0$ and $t>0$ are the usual Hubbard model parameters). We gi

Takehiko Yasuda

The quotient variety associated to a permutation representation of a finite group has only canonical singularities in arbitrary characteristic. Moreover, the log pair associated to such a representation is Kawamata log terminal except in characteristic two, and log canonical in arbitrary characteristic.

Marcell D. Kovács, Christopher J. Turner, Lluis Masanes, Arijeet Pal

Floquet quantum circuits are able to realise a wide range of non-equilibrium quantum states, exhibiting quantum chaos, topological order and localisation. In this work, we investigate the stability of operator localisation and emergence of chaos in random Floquet-Clifford circuits subjected to unitary perturbations which drive them away from the Clifford lim

Amir Arqand, Thomas A. Hahn, Ernest Y. -Z. Tan

The entropy accumulation theorem, and its subsequent generalized version, is a powerful tool in the security analysis of many device-dependent and device-independent cryptography protocols. However, it has the drawback that the finite-size bounds it yields are not necessarily optimal, and furthermore it relies on the construction of an affine min-tradeoff fu