December 2025 arXiv papers — page 87

Daniel Jünger, Kevin Kristensen, Yunsong Wang, Xiangyao Yu

Bloom filters are a fundamental data structure for approximate membership queries in applications ranging from analytics and databases to genomics. Deployed as prefilters, they eliminate irrelevant data before expensive downstream processing. As data-processing pipelines move onto GPUs, filtering must remain GPU-resident and keep pace with other stages. Alth

Bernhard H. Haak, Peer Christian Kunstmann

Let $A$ and $B$ be sectorial operators in a Banach space $X$ of angles $\omega_A$ and $\omega_B$, respectively, where $\omega_A+\omega_B<\pi$. We present a simple and common approach to results on closedness of the operator sum $A+B$, based on Littlewood-Paley type norms and tools from several interpolation theories. This allows us to give short proofs for t

Sirio Resteghini, Cesare Straffelini

A set of sequences is said to converge simultaneously if there exists an infinite subset $H$ of the index set $\omega$ such that all sequences converge when restricted to $H$. We discuss simultaneous convergence of sequences in the same or in different sequentially compact spaces; we link the results for different spaces to ones for the same space; we show t

Tim Kutta, Martin Schumann, Holger Dette

Panels with large time $(T)$ and cross-sectional $(N)$ dimensions are a key data structure in social sciences and other fields. A central question in panel data analysis is whether to pool data across individuals or to estimate separate models. Pooled estimators typically have lower variance but may suffer from bias, creating a fundamental trade-off for opti

Igor Dolinka, Robert D. Gray

We study the class of monoids that arise as the submonoid of right units of finitely presented special inverse monoids (SIMs). Gray and Ru\v{s}kuc (2024) gave the first example of a finitely presented SIM whose submonoid of right units does not admit a decomposition into a free product of the group of units and a finite rank free monoid. In the first part of

César F. Venegas R., Helbert J. Venegas R

The Zariski cancellation problem plays a central role in affine algebraic geometry and noncommutative algebra, with locally nilpotent derivations providing a fundamental invariant-theoretic approach. This article presents a unified survey of cancellation phenomena in commutative algebras, noncommutative algebras, and skew (Ore-type) extensions, emphasizing t

Anis Biswas, Ajay Kumar, Prashant Singh, Yaroslav Mudryk

R2In (R = rare earth) intermetallics exhibit unusual magnetic and magnetocaloric properties, driven by subtle electronic effects, lattice distortions, and spin-lattice coupling. Most of these binary compounds adopt the hexagonal Ni2In-type structure at room temperature, with Eu2In and Yb2In stabilizing in the orthorhombic Co2Si-type lattice. Lighter lanthani

T. Estrada, E. Maragkoudakis, D. Carralero, T. Windisch

The effect of magnetic islands on plasma flow and turbulence has been experimentally investigated in the stellarator W7-X. Magnetic configurations with the 5/5 magnetic island positioned at the plasma edge, inside the last closed flux surface, are studied. The main diagnostic used in the present work is a V-band Doppler reflectometer that allows the measurem

Benjamin Minixhofer, Tyler Murray, Tomasz Limisiewicz, Anna Korhonen

Recent advances in generative AI have been largely driven by large language models (LLMs), deep neural networks that operate over discrete units called tokens. To represent text, the vast majority of LLMs use words or word fragments as the tokens, known as subword tokenization. Subword tokenization obscures fine-grained information, which is problematic, esp

Daniel A. Herrmann, Abinav Chari, Isabelle Qian, Sree Sharvesh

When should we delegate decisions to AI systems? While the value alignment literature has developed techniques for shaping AI values, less attention has been paid to how to determine, under uncertainty, when imperfect alignment is good enough to justify delegation. We argue that rational delegation requires balancing an agent's value (mis)alignment with its

Sabri El Amrani, Thibaut Horel, Saurabh Vaishampayan, Maryam Kamgarpour

The increasing electrification of human activities and the rapid integration of variable renewable energy sources strain the power grid. A solution to address the need for more grid storage is to use the battery of electric vehicles as a back-up capacity. However, drivers tend to disconnect their electric vehicle when its battery is needed the most. We propo

Toshiyuki Shigemura

This paper presents a tri-agent cross-validation framework for analyzing stability and explainability in multi-model large language systems. The architecture integrates three heterogeneous LLMs-used for semantic generation, analytical consistency checking, and transparency auditing-into a recursive interaction cycle. This design induces Recursive Knowledge S

Shashank Mishra, Karan Patil, Didier Stricker, Jason Rambach

High-performance Radar-Camera 3D object detection can be achieved by leveraging knowledge distillation without using LiDAR at inference time. However, existing distillation methods typically transfer modality-specific features directly to each sensor, which can distort their unique characteristics and degrade their individual strengths. To address this, we i

Romy Morin, Denis M. Basko, Manuel Houzet, Julia S. Meyer

At low temperature, the concentration of quasiparticles observed in superconducting circuits far exceeds the predictions of microscopic BCS theory at equilibrium. As a source of dissipation, these excess quasiparticles degrade the performance of various devices. Therefore, understanding their dynamics, especially their recombination into Cooper pairs, is an

Carlos F. Sánchez, Ángel Paredes, Humberto Michinel, Boris A. Malomed

By means of the variational method and numerical simulations, we demonstrate the existence of stable 3D nonlinear modes, viz. vortex ``bullets'', in the form of pulsed beams carrying orbital angular momentum, that can self-trap in a 2D waveguiding structure. Despite the attractive self-interaction, which is necessary for producing the bullets (bright soliton

Geoffrey Compère, Sébastien Robert

The scalar, vector and tensor spherical harmonics on three-dimensional de Sitter spacetime are defined and analyzed. Each harmonic defines two sets of asymptotic data on the two sphere in the asymptotic expansion close to both the past and the future of de Sitter spacetime. For each case, we make explicit the antipodal relationship of both sets of asymptotic

Zhipeng Du, Duolikun Danier, Jan Eric Lenssen, Hakan Bilen

In this paper, we focus on online zero-shot monocular 3D instance segmentation, a novel practical setting where existing approaches fail to perform because they rely on posed RGB-D sequences. To overcome this limitation, we leverage CUT3R, a recent Reconstructive Foundation Model (RFM), to provide reliable geometric priors from a single RGB stream. We propos

Matthew Ferguson, Alex Lonergan, Christopher Kent, Dara Fitzpatrick

Determining the nature of surface roughness and electrode pore structure on H2 bubble evolution rate and quantity, and bubble trapping under electrolytic conditions is important for quantifying useful gas production during total water splitting and hydrogen evolution reactions. Controlled electrode systems involving the design of geometry, surface area, and

T. Estrada, D. Carralero, T. Windisch, E. Sánchez

Radial profiles of density fluctuations and radial electric field, $E_r$, have been measured using Doppler reflectometry during the post-pellet enhanced confinement phase achieved, under different heating power levels and magnetic configurations, along the 2018 W7-X experimental campaign. A pronounced $E_r$-well is measured with local values as high as -40 k

Luis Crespo, Álvaro Pelayo

Let $p$ be a prime number. We introduce symplectic actions of $p$-adic analytic Lie groups on $p$-adic symplectic manifolds. Then we show that any $p$-adic symplectic action $G\times(M,\omega)\to(M,\omega)$ has a momentum map $\mu:M\to\mathfrak{g}^*$, and that a proper $p$-adic symplectic action is Hamiltonian if and only if every orbit is isotropic. We conc

Yuxin Cai, Yanyong Huang, Jinyuan Chang, Dongjie Wang

Feature and instance co-selection, which aims to reduce both feature dimensionality and sample size by identifying the most informative features and instances, has attracted considerable attention in recent years. However, when dealing with unlabeled incomplete multi-view data, where some samples are missing in certain views, existing methods typically first

Ryan Quinn, Qi Zhu

For strongly even $\mathbb{E}_{\infty}^{C_2}$-rings $E$ we show that any homotopy ring map $\mathrm{MU} \to E^e$ lifts to an $\mathbb{E}_{\rho}$-map $\mathrm{MU}_{\mathbb{R}} \to E$. This refines the Hahn-Shi Real orientations of Lubin-Tate theories $E_n$, the Hirzebruch level-$n$ orientations of $\mathrm{tmf}_1(n)$, and Quillen's idempotent to $\mathbb{E}_\

Timo Gräßer, Götz S. Uhrig, Matthias Ernst

The dynamics of disordered nuclear spin ensembles are the subject of nuclear magnetic resonance studies. Due to the through-space long-range dipolar interaction generically many spins are involved in the time evolution, so that exact brute force calculations are impossible. The recently established spin dynamic mean-field theory (spinDMFT) represents an effi

V. Sauli

We use the covariant four-dimensional Bethe-Salpeter (BS) equation to determine the effective charm quark mass. The scale dependence of the effective charm quark mass is determined using experimentally known spin-one charmonium spectra and leptonic decay constants. The infrared finite, massive-like effective QCD running charge is used to solve the Bethe-Salp

Bahare Riahi, Xiaoyi Tian, Ally Limke, Viktoriia Storozhevykh

Block-Based Programming (BBP) platforms, such as Snap!, have become increasingly prominent in K-12 computer science education due to their ability to simplify programming concepts and foster computational thinking from an early age. While these platforms engage students through visual and gamified interfaces, teachers often face challenges in using them effe

Richard Fox, Rui Li, Gustav Jonsson, Farzaneh Goli

Circular economy (CE) triage is the assessment of products to determine which sustainable pathway they can follow once they reach the end of their usefulness as they are currently being used. Effective CE triage requires adaptive decisions that balance retained value against the costs and constraints of processing and labour. This paper presents a novel deci

Jiayang Ren, Qiangqiang Mao, Tianwei Zhao, Yankai Cao

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a powerful strategy for constrained multivariable systems but faces computational challenges in real-time deployment due to its online optimization requirements. While explicit MPC and neural network approximations mitigate this burden, they suffer from scalability issues or lack interpretability, limiting their applicabilit

Zhangde Song, Jieyu Lu, Yuanqi Du, Botao Yu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to scientific research, yet prevailing science benchmarks probe decontextualized knowledge and overlook the iterative reasoning, hypothesis generation, and observation interpretation that drive scientific discovery. We introduce a scenario-grounded benchmark that evaluates LLMs across biology, chemistry,

Mohammad Waquas Usmani, Sankalpa Timilsina, Michael Zink, Susmit Shannigrahi

Immersive formats such as 360° and 6DoF point cloud videos require high bandwidth and low latency, posing challenges for real-time AR/VR streaming. This work focuses on reducing bandwidth consumption and encryption/decryption delay, two key contributors to overall latency. We design a system that downsamples point cloud content at the origin server and appli

P. K. Kamlesh, U. K. Gupta, S. Verma, M. Rani

This research work introduces the DFT through FP-LAPW+lo technique in WIEN2k software to obtain information about structural, thermoelectric, and optoelectronic characteristics of CaZnC and CaZnSi materials. The structural optimization was performed using PBE-GGA functional, while the rest of the characteristics were obtained with the PBE-GGA + TB-mBJ approa

Biyuan Liu, Daigang Xu, Lei Jiang, Wenjun Guo

As the application of Embodied AI Agents in avatars, wearable devices, and robotic systems continues to deepen, their core research challenges have gradually shifted from physical environment interaction to the accurate understanding of social interactions. Traditional physical world models (PWM) focus on quantifiable physical attributes such as space and mo

Huaide Zhang, Aidan F. Campbell, Jingxuan Kang, Jonas Laehnemann

We fabricate (In,Ga)N pseudo-substrates with a total thickness of ~1 um grown on GaN templates using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. In a three-step process, we change growth conditions from N-rich to metal-rich in order to sequentially form a roughened GaN layer, relaxed (In,Ga)N nanostructures, and a coalesced, smooth (In,Ga)N layer. Samples are an

Roni Blushtein-Livnon, Osher Rafaeli, David Ioffe, Amir Boger

Remote sensing (RS) image segmentation is constrained by the limited availability of annotated data and a gap between overhead imagery and natural images used to train foundational models. This motivates effective adaptation under limited supervision. SAM3 concept-driven framework generates masks from textual prompts without requiring task-specific modificat

Takumi Murayama

We prove that a Noetherian ring $R$ is a splinter if and only if for every equidimensional surjective morphism $\operatorname{Spec}(S) \to \operatorname{Spec}(R)$, the map $R \to S$ is pure. This yields a large, nontrivial class of ring maps that are automatically pure. More generally, we prove that a locally Noetherian scheme $Y$ is locally a splinter if an

Xingyu Zhou, Le Liang, Hao Ye, Jing Zhang

Accurate channel state information (CSI) acquisition is essential for modern wireless systems, which becomes increasingly difficult under large antenna arrays, strict pilot overhead constraints, and diverse deployment environments. Existing artificial intelligence-based solutions often lack robustness and fail to generalize across scenarios. To address this

Sayan Banerjee, Shankar Bhamidi, Remco van der Hofstad, Rounak Ray

We investigate percolation on growing networks where the evolution of connected components resembles a non-equilibrium version of the multiplicative coalescent. The supercritical $\pi> \pi_c$ regime for a host of such models was conjectured in statistical physics, and then rigorously proven in mathematics, to exhibit behavior similar to the BKT infinite-orde

Bozhou Li, Sihan Yang, Yushuo Guan, Ruichuan An

The text encoder is a critical component of text-to-image and text-to-video diffusion models, fundamentally determining the semantic fidelity of the generated content. However, its development has been hindered by two major challenges: the lack of an efficient evaluation framework that reliably predicts downstream generation performance, and the difficulty o

Michele Re Fiorentin, Michele Amato, Maurizia Palummo

Recent reports of strong room-temperature photoluminescence in hexagonal diamond (2H) germanium stand in marked contrast to theoretical predictions of very weak band-edge optical transitions. Here we address radiative emission in 2H-Ge and related materials through a comprehensive investigation of their excitonic properties and radiative lifetimes, performin

Nadia Abdolkhani, Nada Abdel Khalek, Walaa Hamouda

In the evolving landscape of the Internet of Things (IoT), integrating cognitive radio (CR) has become a practical solution to address the challenge of spectrum scarcity, leading to the development of cognitive IoT (CIoT). However, the vulnerability of radio communications makes radio jamming attacks a key concern in CIoT networks. In this paper, we introduc

Evgenii Kruzhkov, Raphael Memmesheimer, Sven Behnke

Robust robot localization is an important prerequisite for navigation, but it becomes challenging when the map and robot measurements are obtained from different sensors. Prior methods are often tailored to specific environments, relying on closed-set semantics or fine-tuned features. In this work, we extend Monte Carlo Localization with vision-language feat

Lifeng Han, Gareth J. F. Jones, Alan F. Smeaton

Word meaning, representation, and interpretation play fundamental roles in natural language understanding (NLU), natural language processing (NLP), and natural language generation (NLG) tasks. Many of the inherent difficulties in these tasks stem from Multi-word Expressions (MWEs), which complicate the tasks by introducing ambiguity, idiomatic expressions, i

Alejandra Melo, Paula Sanchez-Saez, Valentin D. Ivanov, Richard I. Anderson

Time-domain astronomy is entering an era of unprecedented discovery driven by wide-field, high-cadence surveys such as LSST, Roman, Euclid, SKA, and PLATO. While some of these facilities will generate enormous photometric alert streams, the physical interpretation of variability and transients often requires spectroscopy, which encodes changes in ionisation

Peter Dekker, Heikki Rasilo, Bart de Boer

The concept of inflection classes is an abstraction used by linguists, and provides a means to describe patterns in languages that give an analogical base for deducing previously unencountered forms. This ability is an important part of morphological acquisition and processing. We study the learnability of a system of verbal inflection classes by the individ

Kuan Lu, Shuhang Lin, Sai Wu, Yichen Yao

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in long-context scenarios such as multi-turn conversations. However, long contexts pose significant challenges for inference efficiency, including high memory overhead from Key-Value (KV) cache and increased latency due to excessive memory accesses. Recent methods for dynamic KV selection struggle with tr

Bin Wang, Fadi Dornaika

Image classification is hindered by subtle inter-class differences and substantial intra-class variations, which limit the effectiveness of existing contrastive learning methods. Supervised contrastive approaches based on the InfoNCE loss suffer from negative-sample dilution and lack adaptive decision boundaries, thereby reducing discriminative power in fine

Yuan Wang, Oleksandr Kyriienko

Photonics can offer a hardware-native route for machine learning (ML). However, efficient deployment of photonics-enhanced ML requires hybrid workflows that integrate optical processing with conventional CPU/GPU based neural network architectures. Here, we propose such a workflow that combines photonic positional embeddings (PEs) with advanced graph ML model

Naveenkumar G. Venkataswamy, Yu Liu, Soumyabrata Dey, Stephanie Schuckers

Smartphone-based iris recognition in the visible spectrum (VIS) offers a low-cost and accessible biometric alternative but remains a challenge due to lighting variability, pigmentation effects, and the limited adoption of standardized capture protocols. In this work, we present CUVIRIS, a dataset of 752 ISO/IEC 29794-6 compliant iris images from 47 subjects,

Md. Samiul Alim, Mahir Shahriar Tamim, Maisha Rahman, Tanvir Ahmed Khan

Sentiment analysis, an emerging research area within natural language processing (NLP), has primarily been explored in contexts like elections and social media trends, but there remains a significant gap in understanding emotional dynamics during civil unrest, particularly in the Bangla language. Our study pioneers sentiment analysis in Bangla during a natio

Heedong Do, Angel Lozano

This letter casts the problem of optimum discrete beamforming as the computation of the Minkowski sum of convex polygons, which is itself a convex polygon. The number of vertices of the latter is at most the sum of the number of vertices of the original polygons, enabling its efficient computation. This original and intuitive formulation confirms that the op

Amit Haldar, Shriganesh Prabhu, Shovon Pal

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in terahertz (THz) metamaterials relies on the coherent coupling between a radiative (bright) mode and a subradiant (dark) mode. Understanding the dynamic interplay between the bright and dark modes holds the key to manipulate the mutual interference and hence the transparency. Here, we use nonlinear 2D-THz spec

Parisa Parand, Mahmoud Samadpour

Hyperspectral optical imaging provides rich spectral information for estimating continuous environmental and material parameters; however, its high dimensionality and strong feature correlation pose significant challenges for machine learning models, especially when ground-truth datasets are limited. In this study, we investigate a hyperspectral dataset comp

Naveenkumar G Venkataswamy, Masudul H Imtiaz, Stephanie Schuckers

Biometric permanence in pediatric populations remains poorly understood despite widespread deployment of iris recognition for children in national identity programs such as India's Aadhaar and trusted traveler programs like Canada's NEXUS. This study presents a comprehensive longitudinal evaluation of pediatric iris recognition, analyzing 276 subjects enroll

Ditmar Hadera, Jan Cech, Miroslav Purkrabek, Matej Hoffmann

Ensuring the ethical use of video data involving human subjects, particularly infants, requires robust anonymization methods. We propose BLANKET (Baby-face Landmark-preserving ANonymization with Keypoint dEtection consisTency), a novel approach designed to anonymize infant faces in video recordings while preserving essential facial attributes. Our method com

Xinbin Hou, Zhengai Cheng, Xin Wang, Changjun Liu

As a major space based energy infrastructure in response to the challenge of climate change, space solar power SSP has attracted extensive international attention for more than 55 years. Recently, various SSP concepts have been proposed, aiming to efficiently harvest gigawatts of solar power over Earth geostationary orbit and transmit it to the Earth wireles

Timothy N. Parsons, Raman K. Prinja, Derck L. Massa, Alex W. Fullerton

Mass-loss from massive stars is fundamental to stellar and galactic evolution and enrichment of the interstellar medium. Reliable determination of mass-loss rate is dependent upon unravelling details of massive star outflows, including optical depth structure of the stellar wind. That parameter introduces significant uncertainty due to the nearly ubiquitous

Taichi Aida, Mamoru Komachi, Toshinobu Ogiso, Hiroya Takamura

Understanding the temporal evolution of sets of vectors is a fundamental challenge across various domains, including ecology, crime analysis, and linguistics. For instance, ecosystem structures evolve due to interactions among plants, herbivores, and carnivores; the spatial distribution of crimes shifts in response to societal changes; and word embedding vec

Menghua Deng, Sheng Yang, Chen Sun, Fuxiang Li

We study the nonequilibrium driven dynamics at topologically nontrivial quantum critical points (QCPs), and find that topological edge modes at criticality give rise to anomalous dynamical scaling behavior. By analyzing the driven dynamics of bulk and boundary order parameters at topologically distinct QCPs in quantum spin chains, we demonstrate that, while

Christian Rohde, Florian Wendt

We derive and justify a new effective model for a compressible viscous liquid-vapor flow on a spray-like scale, i.e., for settings with a large number of phase boundaries. As a model on the detailed scale, we start from a parabolic relaxation of the Navier-Stokes-Korteweg system. We consider a sequence of initial data where the sequence of initial densities

Lorin Werthen-Brabants, Pieter Simoens

We present a sampling-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) method that implements Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) as an \emph{Ising machine}, suitable for novel forms of probabilistic computing. By expressing the control problem as a Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problem, we map MPC onto an energy landscape suitable for Gibbs sampl

Ken O'Hanlon, Basil Woods, Lin Wang, Mark Sandler

In this paper we propose a conditioned UNet for Music Source Separation (MSS). MSS is generally performed by multi-output neural networks, typically UNets, with each output representing a particular stem from a predefined instrument vocabulary. In contrast, conditioned MSS networks accept an audio query related to a stem of interest alongside the signal from

João Daniel Silva, Joao Magalhaes, Devis Tuia, Bruno Martins

The remote sensing community has recently seen the emergence of methods based on Large Vision and Language Models (LVLMs) that can address multiple tasks at the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing. To fully exploit the potential of such models, a significant focus has been given to the collection of large amounts of training data

James Murray Louw, Juan-Pablo Ortega

State-space systems encompass a broad class of algorithms used for modeling and forecasting time series. For such systems to be effective, two objectives must be met: (i) accurate point forecasts of the time series must be produced, and (ii) the long-term statistical behaviour of the underlying data-generating process must be replicated. The latter objective

Erik I. Broman, Johan H. Tykesson

In this paper we study the Poisson stick model in two dimensional hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^2,$ where the sticks all have length $L.$ Typically, percolation models in hyperbolic space undergo two phase transitions as the intensity $\lambda$ varies, namely the percolation phase transition and the uniqueness phase transition. For the Poisson stick model, th

Daiqing Wu, Dongbao Yang, Can Ma, Yu Zhou

Visual Emotion Comprehension (VEC) aims to infer sentiment polarities or emotion categories from affective cues embedded in images. In recent years, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have established a popular paradigm in VEC, leveraging their generalizability to unify VEC tasks defined under diverse emotion taxonomies. While this paradigm achieves no

Claudio Macci, Barbara Pacchiarotti

The term noncentral moderate deviations is used in the literature to mean a class of large deviation principles that, in some sense, fills the gap between the convergence in probability to a constant (governed by a reference large deviation principle) and a weak convergence to a non-Gaussian (and non-degenerating) distribution. Several examples can be found

Abdullah Al Munem, Sumona Yeasmin, Mohammad Rezwanul Huq

Every day, a significant number of users visit the internet for different needs. The owners of a website generate profits from the user interaction with the contents or items of the website. A robust recommendation system can increase user interaction with a website by recommending items according to the user's unique preferences. BERT and CNN-integrated neu

Xiaohan Cai, Xiaodong Wang

The Bakry-\'Emery $\Gamma_2$ criterion inequality provides a method for establishing the logarithmic Sobolev inequality. We prove a one-parameter family of weighted Bakry-\'Emery $\Gamma_2$ criterion inequalities which in the limit case yields the improved constant due to Ji \cite{Ji24}. Furthermore, we establish a modified weighted $\Gamma_2$ criterion ineq

Stefan Edelkamp

In this paper, we plan missions for a fleet of agents in undirected graphs, such as grids, with multiple goals. In contrast to regular multi-agent path-finding, the solver finds and updates the assignment of goals to the agents on its own. In the continuous case for a point agent with motions in the Euclidean plane, the problem can be solved arbitrarily clos

Yuxiang Shi, Zhe Li, Yanwen Wang, Hao Zhu

Portrait animation from a single source image and a driving video is a long-standing problem. Recent approaches tend to adopt diffusion-based image/video generation models for realistic and expressive animation. However, none of these diffusion models realizes high-fidelity disentangled control between the head pose and facial expression, hindering applicati

Botong Gai, Chuanzhong Li, Jiacheng Sun, Shuanhong Wang

We introduce a BiHom-type skew-symmetric bracket on $\mathfrak{gl}(V)$ built from two commuting inner automorphisms $\alpha=Ad_\psi$ and $\beta=Ad_\phi$ with $\psi,\phi\in \mathfrak{gl}(V)$ and integers $i,j$. We prove that $(\mathfrak{gl}(V),[\cdot,\cdot]^{(i,j)}_{(\psi,\phi)},\alpha,\beta)$ is a BiHom--Lie algebra, and we study the Lax equation obtained by

Waleed Aziz, Colin Christopher, Chara Pantazi, Sebastian Walcher

We consider complex rational vector fields in dimension $n>2$ (equivalently, differential forms of degree $n-1$ in $n$ variables) which admit a Liouvillian first integral. Extending a classical result by Singer for $n=2$, our main result states that there exists a first integral which is obtained by two successive integrations from one-forms with coefficient

Guillermo Rodriguez-Llorente, Galo Gallardo, Rodrigo Morant Navascués, Nikita Khvatkin Petrovsky

The development of nuclear fusion requires materials that can withstand extreme conditions. The IFMIF-DONES facility, a high-power particle accelerator, is being designed to qualify these materials. A critical testbed for its development is the MuVacAS prototype, which replicates the final segment of the accelerator beamline. Precise regulation of argon gas

Alessandro Ederoclite, Domitilla De Martino, Paul Groot, Elena Mason

Novae are thermonuclear explosions on the surface of accreting white dwarfs and are key laboratories for studying explosive nucleosynthesis, particle acceleration, shock physics, and binary evolution. Despite major progress driven by wide-field time-domain surveys and multi-wavelength facilities, our understanding of nova explosions remains limited by incomp

Carlos Esteban Posada Posada

Each production establishment is assumed to have, at any given time, a unique combination of capital and labor (a Leontief function), but the aggregate output at that same time must still be modeled with a Cobb-Douglas function (or a CES, although the latter yields less efficiency). This has two implications: 1) the total factor productivity variable of the

Anna Doležalová, Jani Onninen, Yizhe Zhu, Zheng Zhu

For a homeomorphism with $p$-integrable distortion, we obtain the optimal global degree of integrability for the reciprocal of its Jacobian determinant. As an application, we strengthen the result of Dole\v{z}alov\'a, Hencl and Mal\'y concerning weak limits of Sobolev homeomorphisms with finite distortion. Such limits represent physically admissible deformat

Ce Bian, Yifan Zhao, Roger Guzman, Hongtao Liu

Two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and hBN, exhibit intriguing properties that are sensitive to their atomic-scale structures and can be further enriched through van der Waals (vdW) integration. However, the precise synthesis and clean integration of 2D materials remain challenging. Here, using graphene

Dennis Boakye, Chuang Deng

The development of oxidation-resistant high-entropy alloy (HEA) bond coats is restricted by the limited understanding of how multi-principal element interactions govern scale formation across temperatures. This study uncovers new oxidation trends in NiCoCrAl HEAs using a data-driven analysis of high-fidelity experimental oxidation data. The results reveal a

Maria Axenovich, Dingyuan Liu, Arsenii Sagdeev

Given a graph $H$, let $\chi_H(\mathbb{R}^n)$ be the smallest positive integer $r$ such that there exists an $r$-coloring of $\mathbb{R}^n$ with no monochromatic unit-copy of $H$, that is a set of $|V(H)|$ vertices of the same color such that any two vertices corresponding to an edge of $H$ are at distance one. This Ramsey-type function extends the famous Ha

Stefan Dvoretskii, Anwai Archit, Constantin Pape, Josh Moore

Modern bioimage analysis approaches are data hungry, making it necessary for researchers to scavenge data beyond those collected within their (bio)imaging facilities. In addition to scale, bioimaging datasets must be accompanied with suitable, high-quality annotations and metadata. Although established data repositories such as the Image Data Resource (IDR)

Zhihan Xu, Rajgopal Kannan, Viktor K. Prasanna

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) enables secure computation on encrypted data, addressing privacy concerns in cloud computing. However, the high computational cost of HE operations, particularly matrix multiplication (MM), remains a major barrier to its practical deployment. Accelerating homomorphic encrypted MM (HE MM) is therefore crucial for applications such

Lu Ying, Junxiu Tang, Tingying He, Jean-Daniel Fekete

We propose a methodology to improve figures from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), ensuring that all modifications remain scientifically rigorous. IPCC figures are notoriously difficult to understand, and although designers have proposed alternatives, these lack formal IPCC validation and can be dismissed by skeptics. To address this gap,

Opeyemi Bamigbade, Mark Scanlon, John Sheppard

Recent advances in AI-driven image generation have introduced new challenges for verifying the authenticity of digital evidence in forensic investigations. Modern generative models can produce visually consistent forgeries that evade traditional detectors based on pixel or compression artefacts. Most existing approaches also lack an explicit measure of anoma

Gabriel Cunningham, Yan-Quan Feng, Dong-Dong Hou, Egon Schulte

The present work investigates regular, semiregular, and chiral polytopes of any rank $d\geq 3$, whose automorphism groups are 2-groups. There is a large variety of rather small finite regular or alternating semiregular polytopes with automorphism groups of 2-power order: for such polytopes with toroidal sections of rank 3, the various sections of rank 3 can

Hongze Wang, Zhen Ling, Xiangyu Xu, Yumingzhi Pan

I2P (Invisible Internet Project) is a popular anonymous communication network. While existing de-anonymization methods for I2P focus on identifying potential traffic patterns of target hidden services among extensive network traffic, they often fail to scale effectively across the large and diverse I2P network, which consists of numerous routers. In this pap

Benjamin Antieau

We discuss filtrations arising from de Rham-type cohomology theories for $E_\infty$ rings and $E_n$ rings. Examples include the HKR filtration on relative topological Hochschild homology, the Hodge filtration on $E_\infty$ infinitesimal cohomology, and the Hodge filtration on $E_\infty$ de Rham cohomology.

Arthur Moreau, Richard Shaw, Michal Nazarczuk, Jisu Shin

Feed-forward 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) models enable real-time scene generation but are hindered by suboptimal pixel-aligned primitive placement, which relies on a dense, rigid grid that limits both quality and efficiency. We introduce a new feed-forward architecture that detects 3D Gaussian primitives at a sub-pixel level, replacing the pixel grid with a

John S Fitzgerald, Philip James, Cláudio Gomes, Peter Gorm Larsen

We describe and compare two new courses on model-based approaches to the engineering of Digital Twins. One course was delivered to doctoral students from a range of largely non-computational backgrounds, and the other to Masters students with computing experience. We describe the goals, content and delivery of the courses, and review experience gained to dat

Yanqing Yi, Su-Fen Yang

We propose using an adaptive sampling method to detect changes for a system with multiple lines. The adaptive sampling utilizes the information in responses to learn on which line is more likely to have a change thus allocating more units to the line. The learning process is formatted as a Markov decision process by integrating sampling information with like

Alessandra Faggionato, Michele Salvi

We consider a continuous-time random walk on the $d$-dimensional torus $\mathbb{T}^d_{N}=\mathbb{Z}^d/N \mathbb{Z}^d$, possibly with long-range, but finite, jumps. The law of the jumps is regulated by a random environment $\xi$ yielding a stationary and ergodic field of random conductances. The complex mobility matrix $\sigma_N^\xi(\omega)$ measures the line

Rohit Jena, Pratik Chaudhari, James C. Gee

The LUMIR challenge represents an important benchmark for evaluating deformable image registration methods on large-scale neuroimaging data. While the challenge demonstrates that modern deep learning methods achieve competitive accuracy on T1-weighted MRI, it also claims exceptional zero-shot generalization to unseen contrasts and resolutions, assertions tha

Kai Hippi

We study compact hyperbolic surfaces and multiplication observables, establishing a large-scale analogue of Zelditch's quantum mixing theorem with hypotheses that hold for both arithmetic and Weil--Petersson random surfaces of large genus. This complements the large-scale quantum ergodicity theorems of Le Masson and Sahlsten, which themselves are large-scale

Giuseppe Ortolano, Stefano Pirandola, Leonardo Banchi

We find the maximum rate achievable in the private communication over a bosonic quantum channel with a fully Gaussian protocol based on optimal single-mode Gaussian measurements. This rate establishes a lower bound on the secret rate capacity of the channel. We focus on the class of phase-insensitive Gaussian channels. For the thermal-loss and thermal amplif

Christoph Aistleitner, Zakhar Kabluchko, Joscha Prochno

We study the asymptotic behavior of cumulants of lacunary trigonometric sums $S_n(\omega) := \sum_{k=1}^n \cos (2 \pi a_k \omega)$, $\omega\in[0,1]$, and show that cumulant growth is highly sensitive to the arithmetic structure of the sequence $(a_k)_{k \geq 1}$ of positive integers. In particular, if $\lim_{k \to \infty} a_{k+1}/a_k = \eta > 1$ for some tra

Bénédicte Haas, Grégory Miermont

In a deterministic or random tree, a notion of ancestral diversity can be defined as follows. Sample independently $n$ groups of $k$ leaves and count the number $N_n(k)$ of distinct most recent common ancestors of each of the groups. As $n$ becomes large, the asymptotic behavior of $N_n(k)$ depends of course on the structure of the tree. Motivated by the stu

Anton Izosimov, Pavlo Pylyavskyy

We propose a geometric counterpart of the dimer model on bipartite graphs. A state of our model consists of a choice of a point for each white vertex and hyperplane for each black vertex. This data is subject to certain conditions determined by the graph; the resulting configurations are called coherent double circuit configurations. We show that our model b

I. Rychetsky, A. Klic, W. Schranz

We analyze the electromechanical response of the 180 degree ferroelectric domain wall in tetragonal PbTiO3 by combining first-principles calculations with a Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire (LGD) description. Using regular multidomain structures with varying domain-wall density, we extract polarization profiles and lattice distortions and map them onto the continu

Martin W. Ochmann, Edward M. Cackett, Lukas Diehl, Keith Horne

Reverberation mapping (RM) is a powerful tool to determine the extent, structure, and kinematics of the broad-line region (BLR) of active galactic nuclei (AGN). So far, RM of the BLR has only been performed for recombination lines responding to the varying ionizing continuum. We tested whether OI 8446, attributed to Bowen fluorescence driven by Ly$\beta$ pum

Jim de Groot, João Marcos, Rodrigo Stefanes

We introduce simulations for modal logics with subclassical negations and restoration modalities, establish an adequacy theorem, and prove intrinsic (Hennessy-Milner-type) and relative (Van Benthem-type) characterization results. These results identify each restorative language with the fragment of first-order logic invariant under its simulations and deline

Lubomir Banas, Jean Daniel Mukam

We derive a posteriori error estimate for a fully discrete adaptive finite element approximation of the stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation with rough noise. The considered model is derived from the stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation with additive space-time white noise through suitable spatial regularization of the white noise. The a posteriori estimate is rob

Vadim Alekseev, Andreas Thom

In this paper, we provide several instances in which interesting approximation and stability properties are inherited by quotients with respect to finitely generated normal subgroups or, more strongly, normal subgroups with Kazhdan's property (T). Applications arise when these observations are combined with variations of the Rips construction due to Wise and