December 2025 arXiv papers — page 98

Ben Chen, Zhangdui Zhong, Ke Guan, Danping He

Terahertz (THz) communication offers ultra-high data rates and has emerged as a promising technology for future wireless networks. However, the inherently high free-space path loss of THz waves significantly limits the coverage range of THz communication systems. Therefore, extending the effective coverage area is a key challenge for the practical deployment

Badreddine Benhellal, Noah Körner, Konstantin Pankrashkin

Let $\Gamma\subset\mathbb{R}^2$ be a piecewise smooth closed curve with corners. We discuss the asymptotic behavior of the individual eigenvalues of the two-dimensional Schr\"odinger operator $-\Delta-\alpha\delta_\Gamma$ for $\alpha\to\infty$, where $\delta_\Gamma$ is the Dirac $\delta$-distribution supported by $\Gamma$. It is shown that the asymptotics of

Enrico Perfetto, Gianluca Stefanucci

Non-Hermitian physics is reshaping our understanding of quantum systems by revealing states and phenomena without Hermitian counterparts. While non-Hermiticity is typically associated with gain-loss processes in open systems, we uncover a fundamentally different route to non-Hermitian behavior emerging from non-equilibrium correlations. In photoexcited semic

Jakub Balabán

A $b$-coloring of a graph is a proper vertex coloring such that each color class contains a vertex that sees all other colors in its neighborhood. The $b$-coloring problem, in which the task is to decide whether a graph admits a $b$-coloring with $k$ colors, is NP-complete in general but polytime solvable on trees. Moreover, it is known that $b$-coloring is

Sudhaker Upadhyay, Alexander Reshetnyak, Pavel Moshin, Ricardo Castro

The Swampland Program aims to delineate the space of consistent low-energy effective field theories (EFTs) that admit a UV completion in quantum gravity from those that do not. In parallel, holography, and particularly the AdS/CFT correspondence, offers a non-perturbative definition of quantum gravity in asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetimes. In thi

Baobao Song, Shiva Raj Pokhrel, Athanasios V. Vasilakos, Tianqing Zhu

Quantum machine learning (QML) promises significant computational advantages, yet models trained on sensitive data risk memorizing individual records, creating serious privacy vulnerabilities. While Quantum Differential Privacy (QDP) mechanisms provide theoretical worst-case guarantees, they critically lack empirical verification tools for deployed models. W

Yang Qu, Rong Ma

For any sufficiently large $\ell$, suppose that $\ell$ can be expressed as $$ \ell=p_1^4+p_2^4+p_3^4+ \cdots +p_8^4,$$ where $p_1, p_2,p_3,\cdots, p_8$ are primes.For such $\ell$, in this paper we will use circle method and sieves to prove that the proportion of $\ell$ in positive integers is at least $\frac{1}{414.465}$ .

Vyacheslav Futorny, Xingpeng Liu

We consider two algebraic invariants in the representation theory of quantized enveloping algebras: the dimension growth of simple modules for the De Concini-Kac quantum group at roots of unity, and the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of simple highest weight modules for the quantum group at generic $q$. In spite of being defined for different values of the param

Mert Baştuğ

We study the limit behavior of the solutions to the Neumann sieve problem for the Poisson equation when the sieve-holes are randomly distributed according to a stationary marked point process. We determine the optimal stochastic integrability for the random radii of the perforations for which stochastic homogenization takes place despite the presence of clus

T. Pernambuco, L. C. Céleri

Classical thermodynamics is a theory based on coarse-graining, meaning that the thermodynamic variables arise from discarding information related to the microscopic features of the system at hand. In quantum mechanics, however, where one has a high degree of control over microscopic systems, information theory plays an important role in describing the therma

Zhu Mao, Shasha Liu, Ruike Cao, Hengbin Shao

We present the design and characterization of a Cockcroft--Walton (CW) high-voltage (HV) system developed for deep-sea neutrino telescopes. The system provides independently adjustable bias voltages for 31 three-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) housed in a hybrid Digital Optical Module (hDOM). We describe the system architecture, control logic, and laborato

Velmurugan S

We determine precisely when the branching coefficients arising from the restriction of irreducible representations of the symmetric group $S_n$ to the dihedral subgroup $D_n$ are nonzero, and we establish uniform linear lower bounds outside a finite exceptional family. As a consequence, we recover and substantially generalize known positivity results for cyc

A. J. Archer, D. N. Sibley, B. D. Goddard

We develop a general method for determining the effective interaction potential between two or more droplets suspended within a fluid phase. Our approach is based on classical density functional theory. Here, we apply the method to determine the interaction potential between oil droplets suspended in water and also consider the influence of adding a third sp

Masataka Kakoi, Kazuhiko Kuroki

We study anisotropic superconductivity in the nearly quarter-filled $\alpha$-$\mathcal{T}_3$ lattice. We analyze an extended Hubbard model with off-site attractive interactions within the mean-field framework and find two distinct chiral $d+id'$-wave superconducting phases characterized by different Chern numbers. We further investigate the superconducting m

Emmanouil Androulakis, Kashinath Chatterjee, Haralambos Evangelaras

Wu [10] proposed a method for constructing two-level supersaturated designs by using a Hadamard design with n runs and n-1 columns as a staring design and by supplementing it with two-column interactions, as long as they are partially aliased. Bulutoglu and Cheng [2] proved that this method results in E(s^2)-optimal supersaturated designs when certain intera

Xiongfeng Ma

Quantum measurement resolves a superposition into a definite outcome by correlating it with an observer's memory -- a reality register. While the global quantum state remains coherent, the observer's local reality becomes singular and definite. This work introduces reality steering, a protocol that allows an observer to probabilistically access a different r

Markus Berthilsson, Christian Gehrmann

WebAssembly (Wasm) has risen as a widely used technology to distribute computing workloads on different platforms. The platform independence offered through Wasm makes it an attractive solution for many different applications that can run on disparate infrastructures. In addition, Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are offered in many computing infrastruc

Aritra Bandyopadhyay, Moulindu Kundu, Victor E. Ambrus, Maxim N. Chernodub

Dilepton production is one of the key probes of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) that encodes the imaginary part of the electromagnetic current-current correlator. We investigate the effect of local acceleration on the dilepton production by treating acceleration as a small perturbation. Using the thermal Dirac propagator in an accelerated frame within the imagi

Ingo Nitschke, Jan Magnus Sischka, Axel Voigt

Coarse-grained continuous descriptions for lipid bilayers are typically based on minimizing the Helfrich energy. Such models consider the fluid properties of these structures only implicitly and have been shown to nicely reproduce equilibrium properties. Model extensions that also address the dynamics of these structures are surface (Navier--)Stokes--Helfric

John Paul P. Miranda, Jaymark A. Yambao

This study explores the novice programmers' intention to use chat generative pretrained transformer (ChatGPT) for programming tasks with emphasis on performance expectancy (PE), risk-reward appraisal (RRA), and decision-making (DM). Utilizing partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and a sample of 413 novice programmers, the analysis dem

Martin Röhn, Nora Gourmelon, Vincent Christlein

Climate adaptation is vital for the sustainability and sometimes the mere survival of our urban areas. However, small cities often struggle with limited personnel resources and integrating vast amounts of data from multiple sources for a comprehensive analysis. To overcome these challenges, this paper proposes a multi-layered system combining specialized LLM

J. M. Pérez-Martínez, H. Dannerbauer, E. van Kampen, C. Cicone

Present-day galaxy clusters are the largest virialized structures in the Universe, yet their early assembly remains poorly understood. At z$>$2, clusters in formation span tens of Mpc and host gas-rich, dust-obscured galaxies embedded in extended, low-surface-brightness gaseous environments. Current (sub-)millimeter facilities lack the mapping speed, sensiti

Gerald Kuba

For infinite cardinals $\kappa,\lambda$ let $C(\kappa,\lambda)$ denote the class of all compact Hausdorff spaces of weight $\kappa$ and size $\lambda$. So $C(\kappa,\lambda)=\emptyset$ if $\kappa>\lambda$ or $\lambda>2^\kappa$. If F is a class of pairwise non-homeomorphic spaces in $C(\kappa,\lambda)$ then F is a set of size not greater than $2^\kappa$. For

Florian Voss, Uwe Thiele

We employ a thermodynamically consistent out-of-equilibrium continuum model to study the motion patterns of partially wetting liquid drops covered by autocatalytically reacting surfactants. When ambient chemostats feed a chemomechanical feedback loop involving a nonlinear reaction network, surface stresses caused by the Marangoni effect and the ensuing hydro

John Paul P. Miranda, Marlon I. Tayag, Joel D. Canlas

This study investigates the key skills and competencies needed by new cybersecurity graduates in the Philippines for entry-level positions. Using a descriptive cross-sectional research design, it combines analysis of job listings from Philippine online platforms with surveys of students, teachers, and professionals. The aim is to identify required skills and

BESIII Collaboration, M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson

Using a sample of $(2712.4 \pm 14.3)\times 10^6 ~\psi$(3686) events collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we measure the branching fractions of the decays $\chi_{cJ}\to \phi\phi\eta,~\phi\phi\eta^{\prime}$, and~$\phi K^+K^-\eta $ ($J = 0, 1, 2$). The obtained branching fractions are $\mathcal{B}(\chi_{c0} \to \phi\phi\eta) = (7.40 \pm 0.23

Xavier Artiga, Màrius Caus, Ana Pérez-Neira

This work proposes a pragmatic method for the design of beam footprint layouts and beam hopping illumination patterns to efficiently broadcast 3GPP NTN common signaling to large coverage areas using EIRP-limited LEO satellites. This method minimizes the time resources required to sweep over the whole coverage while ensuring that the signal-to-interference-pl

Georg Volk, Jörg Gamerdinger, Alexander von Bernuth, Oliver Bringmann

Complete perception of the environment and its correct interpretation is crucial for autonomous vehicles. Object perception is the main component of automotive surround sensing. Various metrics already exist for the evaluation of object perception. However, objects can be of different importance depending on their velocity, orientation, distance, size, or th

Filip Klimovič, Jens Paaske, Tomáš Ostatnický

We analyze theoretically THz response of an electron-hole pair confined in a semiconductor nanoparticle. We show that the interplay of particle confinement and electron-hole Coulomb interaction leads to significant renormalizations and energy shifts in THz linear conductivity of the nanocrystal. We develop and evaluate models in the strong and the weak confi

Vanessa B. Sibug, Vicky P. Vital, John Paul P. Miranda, Emerson Q. Fernando

This study explores the attitudes, reservations, readiness, openness, and general perceptions of Filipino teachers in terms of integrating Al in their classrooms. Results shows that teachers express positive attitude towards integrating Al tools in their classrooms. Despite reporting high level of reservations, teachers believed they are ready and very open

Claude Duhr, Paul Mork

We present a method to obtain analytic results in terms of multiple polylogarithms for one-loop triangle, box and pentagon integrals depending on an arbitrary number of scales and to any desired order in the Laurent expansion in the dimensional regulator $\varepsilon$. Our method leverages the fact that for $\varepsilon=0$ one-loop integrals compute volumes

Vladimir I. Bogachev, Stanislav V. Shaposhnikov

We obtain estimates for the weighted $L^1$-norm of the difference of two probability solutions to Kolmogorov equations in terms of the difference of the diffusion matrices and the drifts. Unlike the previously known results, our estimate does not involve Sobolev derivatives of solutions and coefficients. The diffusion matrices are supposed to be non-singular

Nicholas Tagliapietra, Katharina Ensinger, Christoph Zimmer, Osman Mian

Real world systems evolve in continuous-time according to their underlying causal relationships, yet their dynamics are often unknown. Existing approaches to learning such dynamics typically either discretize time -- leading to poor performance on irregularly sampled data -- or ignore the underlying causality. We propose CaDyT, a novel method for causal disc

Ankita Raj, Kaashika Prajaapat, Tapan Kumar Gandhi, Chetan Arora

The human visual system is remarkably adept at adapting to changes in the input distribution; a capability modern convolutional neural networks (CNNs) still struggle to match. Drawing inspiration from the developmental trajectory of human vision, we propose a progressive blurring curriculum to improve the generalization and robustness of CNNs. Human infants

Pierre Vassiliadis, Elena Beanato, Maximilian J. Wessel, Friedhelm C. Hummel

For decades, focal non-invasive neuromodulation of deep brain regions has not been possible because of the steep depth-focality trade-off of conventional non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) or classical transcranial electric stimulation (tES). Deep brain stimulation has therefore largely relied on

Qizhi Wang

Cardinality estimation is a key bottleneck for cost-based query optimization, yet deployable improvements remain difficult: classical estimators miss correlations, while learned estimators often require workload-specific training pipelines and invasive integration into the optimizer. This paper presents TiCard, a low intrusion, correction-based framework tha

Navid Amani, Priyanka Maity, Musa Furkan Keskin, Henk Wymeersch

The sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks promises the integration of radar-like sensing capabilities into communication infrastructure. In this paper, we investigate a multi-static sensing framework where half-duplex base stations (BSs) are assigned as either transmitter or sensing receiver nodes. We propose a randomized sparse resource allocation scheme

Dominik P. Pacholski, Sandro Mereghetti, Martin Topinka

One of the distinctive properties of magnetars, young neutron stars powered mainly by magnetic energy, is the emission of short ($\lesssim$1 s) bursts of hard X-rays. Such bursts have been observed in nearly all the known magnetars, although at different and time-variable rates of occurrence. In the last two decades, the INTEGRAL satellite has extensively co

Jörg Gamerdinger, Sven Teufel, Georg Volk, Oliver Bringmann

Comprehensive environment perception is essential for autonomous vehicles to operate safely. It is crucial to detect both dynamic road users and static objects like traffic signs or lanes as these are required for safe motion planning. However, in many circumstances a complete perception of other objects or lanes is not achievable due to limited sensor range

Kanglong Fan, Yunqiao Yang, Chen Ma

Deep neural networks have demonstrated remarkable performance across various domains, yet their decision-making processes remain opaque. Although many explanation methods are dedicated to bringing the obscurity of DNNs to light, they exhibit significant limitations: post-hoc explanation methods often struggle to faithfully reflect model behaviors, while self

Ritabrata Dutta, Yuehao Xu, Sherman Khoo, Francesca Basini

In population genetics, there is often interest in inferring selection coefficients. This task becomes more challenging if multiple linked selected loci are considered simultaneously. For such a situation, we propose a novel generalized Bayesian framework where we compute a scoring rule posterior for the selection coefficients in multi-locus temporal populat

Vladimir Vovk

Randomness (in the sense of being generated in an IID fashion) and exchangeability are standard assumptions in nonparametric statistics and machine learning, and relations between them have been a popular topic of research. This short paper draws the reader's attention to the fact that, while for infinite sequences of observations the two assumptions are

Kaizhe Zhang, Yijie Zhou, Weizhan Zhang, Caixia Yan

Dynamic novel view synthesis (NVS) is essential for creating immersive experiences. Existing approaches have advanced dynamic NVS by introducing 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) with implicit deformation fields or indiscriminately assigned time-varying parameters, surpassing NeRF-based methods. However, due to excessive model complexity and parameter redundancy,

Xiaoxia Xu, Xidong Mu, Yuanwei Liu, Hong Xing

This letter proposes a novel user localization and channel estimation framework for pinching-antenna systems (PASS), where pinching antennas are grouped into subarrays on each waveguide to cooperatively estimate user/scatterer locations, thus reconstructing channels. Both single-waveguide (SW) and multi-waveguide (MW) structures are considered. SW consists o

Henrik Hose, Paul Brunzema, Alexander von Rohr, Alexander Gräfe

Approximate model-predictive control (AMPC) aims to imitate an MPC's behavior with a neural network, removing the need to solve an expensive optimization problem at runtime. However, during deployment, the parameters of the underlying MPC must usually be fine-tuned. This often renders AMPC impractical as it requires repeatedly generating a new dataset and re

Can Wang, Takaaki Yokoyama, Feng Chen, Chen Xing

Magnetic flux ropes (MFRs) are fundamental magnetic structures in solar eruptions, whose formation is generally attributed to (1) the emergence of subsurface flux tubes or (2) flux cancellation driven by photospheric horizontal flows and magnetic reconnection. Both mechanisms can operate simultaneously during active region evolution, making their relative co

Nowar E. Koning, Sergei M. Kuzenko

This work aims to develop a global formulation for ${\cal N}=2$ harmonic/projective anti-de Sitter (AdS) superspace $\text{AdS}^{4|8}\times S^2 \simeq \text{AdS}^{4|8}\times {\mathbb C}P^1$ that allows for a simple action of superconformal (and hence AdS isometry) transformations. First of all, we provide an alternative supertwistor description of the ${\cal

Lorenzo Pizzino, Haocong Pan, Thierry Giamarchi, Hepeng Yao

A density-based superfluid bound called Leggett's bound has been proved to be a good estimator of the superfluid fraction for cold atomic gases in the mean-field regime. Here, we investigate the accuracy of such bound in the strongly interacting regime, where the mean-field approach fails. Combining quantum Monte Carlo, Gross-Pitaevskii equation and field-th

Baruch Meerson, Ohad Vilk

We develop an age-structured hydrodynamic (HD) theory which describes the collective behavior of $N\gg 1$ anomalously diffusing particles under stochastic renewal resetting. The theory treats the age of a particle -- the time since its last reset -- as an explicit dynamical variable and allows for resetting rules which introduce global inter-particle correla

Eymen Ipek, Mario Hirz

Electrification in the automotive industry and increasing powertrain complexity demand accelerated, cost-effective development cycles. While data-driven models are recently investigated at component level, a gap exists in systematically integrating them into cohesive, system-level simulations for virtual validation. This paper addresses this gap by presentin

A. Pérez-Aguilera, M. Molina-Delicado, T. Dietrich, L. A. Tejedor

We present ongoing work on the Central Trigger Processor board (CTPb), a trigger subsystem for the future advanced SiPM-based Large-Sized Telescope (LST) camera of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO). The camera will implement a fully digital trigger, exploiting the increased resolution to improve discrimination of low-energy $\gamma$-ray events

Zhang-nan Hu, Junjie Huang, Bing Li, Jun Wu

In this paper, we investigate the Hausdorff dimension of naturally occurring sets of inhomogeneous well-approximable points with a sequence of real invertible matrices $\mathcal{A}=(A_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$. Specifically, for a given point $\mathbf{y}\in [0,1)^d$ and a function $\psi : \mathbb{N} \to \mathbb{R}^+$, we study the limsup set \[ W\big(\mathcal{A},

Thomas Stanke, Verena Wolf, Bringfried Stecklum, Doug Johnstone

How a star forms is a fundamental question in astrophysics. In the earliest stages of protostellar evolution high extinction prevents a direct study of the accretion processes and their temporal evolution. Monitoring the variations of the accretion luminosity in a large protostar sample over decades is needed to reveal how protostars accrete -- in major burs

Jie Zhang, Shuai Dong, Shiguang Shan, Xilin Chen

Recent approaches employing imperceptible perturbations in input images have demonstrated promising potential to counter malicious manipulations in diffusion-based image editing systems. However, existing methods suffer from limited transferability in cross-model evaluations. To address this, we propose Transferable Defense Against Malicious Image Edits (TDA

Natalia Gorobey, Alexander Lukyanenk, A. V. Goltsev

A discrete class of privileged reference frames in a closed universe with identical equations of motion for physical degrees of freedom was found. A representation of the quantum state of the universe in a privileged reference frame was obtained as a Euclidean functional integral with no-boundary conditions. The boundary condition at the Pole, in addition to

T. Tony Cai, Abhinav Chakraborty, Lasse Vuursteen

Privacy-preserving data analysis has become a central challenge in modern statistics. At the same time, a long-standing goal in statistics is the development of adaptive procedures -- methods that achieve near-optimal performance across diverse function classes without prior knowledge of underlying smoothness or complexity. While adaptation is often achievab

Romain Dalidet, Sébastien Tanzilli, Gregory Sauder, Laurent Labonté

Chromatic dispersion critically impacts the performance of numerous applications ranging from telecommunication links to ultrafast optics and nonlinear devices, yet fast and precise measurements are challenging, especially for short length-dispersion products. We present a fully fiber-integrated nonlinear Sagnac interferometer that exploits cascaded second-o

Jooyeol Yun, Jaegul Choo

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) are central to modern web design, and the demand to animate them continues to grow as web environments become increasingly dynamic. Yet automating the animation of vector graphics remains challenging for vision-language models (VLMs) despite recent progress in code generation and motion planning. VLMs routinely mis-handle SVGs,

Shibo Wang, Hiroki Tsuchiura, Nobuaki Terakado

We propose a sensor free, self regulating thermal switch that combines the anomalous Ettingshausen effect (AEE) with a temperature driven spin reorientation transition (SRT) in the rare earth cobalt compound DyCo$_5$. Using density functional theory and the Kubo linear-response formalism, we compute the anomalous Hall conductivity $\sigma_{xy}(\varepsilon)$

R. V. Jolos, E. A. Kolganova

The purpose of the work is to evaluate effect of the isovector dipole and quadrupole-octupole modes coupling on the $B(E1;1^-_1\rightarrow 0^+_1)/B(E1;3^-_1\rightarrow 2^+_1)$ ratio. The Hamiltonian of the phenomenological collective model is used to calculate mixing of the isovector dipole and quadrupole and octupole modes. The effect of the admixture of th

Jie Zhang, Shuai Dong, Shiguang Shan, Xilin Chen

Recent progress in text-to-image diffusion models has transformed image editing via text prompts, yet this also introduces significant ethical challenges from potential misuse in creating deceptive or harmful content. While current defenses seek to mitigate this risk by embedding imperceptible perturbations, their effectiveness is limited against malicious t

Xiangxiang Li, Haiyan Wang, Yao Ge, Xiaohong Shen

Affine frequency division multiplexing (AFDM) has been considered as a promising waveform to enable high-reliable connectivity in the internet of vehicles. However, accurate channel estimation is critical and challenging to achieve the expected performance of the AFDM systems in doubly-dispersive channels. In this paper, we propose a sparse Bayesian learning

Rishabh Dev Yadav, Avirup Das, Hongyu Song, Samuel Kaski

Real-world robots must operate under evolving dynamics caused by changing operating conditions, external disturbances, and unmodeled effects. These may appear as gradual drifts, transient fluctuations, or abrupt shifts, demanding real-time adaptation that is robust to short-term variation yet responsive to lasting change. We propose a framework for modeling

Sahibpreet Singh, Manjit Singh

AI revolutionizes transportation through autonomous vehicles (AVs) but introduces complex criminal liability issues regarding infractions. This study employs a comparative legal analysis of primary statutes, real-world liability claims, and academic literature across the US, Germany, UK, China, and India; jurisdictions selected for their technological advanc

Yanning Dai, Chenyu Tang, Ruizhi Zhang, Wenyu Yang

Dynamic prediction of locomotor capacity after stroke could enable more individualized rehabilitation, yet current assessments largely provide static impairment scores and do not indicate whether patients can perform specific tasks such as slope walking or stair climbing. Here, we present a wearable-informed data-physics hybrid generative framework that reco

Shuang Liu, Oren Cohen, Peng Chen, Ofer Neufeld

It is well established that light can control magnetism in matter, e.g. via the inverse Faraday effect or ultrafast demagnetization. However, such control is typically limited to magnetization transverse to light's polarization plane, or out-of-plane magnetism in 2D materials, while in-plane magnetic moments have remained largely unexplored. This is due to t

Avraham Yosovich, Anton Sdobnov, Alexander Doronin, Alexander Bykov

Structured light beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), such as Laguerre-Gaussian modes, are promising tools for high-capacity optical communications and advanced biomedical imaging. However, multiple scattering in turbid media distorts their phase and amplitude, complicating the retrieval of topological charge. We introduce VortexNet, a deep learnin

Ismail Belgacem

Hill functions dominate gene regulatory network (GRN) modeling, but their fractional exponents create analytical pathologies when the Hill coefficient $n$ is non-integer -- a ubiquitous occurrence in experimental fits. We replace the Hill activation $h^+(x,\theta,n)=x^n/(x^n+\theta^n)$ and repression $h^-(x,\theta,n)=\theta^n/(x^n+\theta^n)$ with the logisti

Chris Bruce, Xin Li, Takuya Takeishi

For every Cuntz--Krieger groupoid, we show that there is a topologically free boundary action of the outer automorphism group of its topological full group on the Hilbert cube. In particular, these outer automorphism groups, including the outer automorphism groups of all Higman--Thompson groups, are C*-simple.

Huizheng Wang, Hongbin Wang, Zichuan Wang, Zhiheng Yue

Attention-based models have revolutionized AI, but the quadratic cost of self-attention incurs severe computational and memory overhead. Sparse attention methods alleviate this by skipping low-relevance token pairs. However, current approaches lack practicality due to the heavy expense of added sparsity predictor, which severely drops their hardware efficien

Xudong Han, Xianglun Gao, Xiaoyi Qu, Zhenyu Yu

Multidisciplinary team (MDT) consultations are the gold standard for cancer care decision-making, yet current practice lacks structured mechanisms for quantifying consensus and ensuring decision traceability. We introduce a Multi-Agent Medical Decision Consensus Matrix System that deploys seven specialized large language model agents, including an oncologist

Shuai Dong, Jie Zhang, Guoying Zhao, Shiguang Shan

Text-guided image editing via diffusion models, while powerful, raises significant concerns about misuse, motivating efforts to immunize images against unauthorized edits using imperceptible perturbations. Prevailing metrics for evaluating immunization success typically rely on measuring the visual dissimilarity between the output generated from a protected

Marc Barthelemy

We analyze strategic complexity across all 960 Chess960 (Fischer Random Chess) starting positions. Stockfish evaluations reveal a near-universal first-move advantage for White ($\langle E \rangle = +0.33 \pm 0.12$ pawns), indicating that the initiative is a robust structural feature of the game. To quantify decision difficulty, we introduce an information-ba

Mario Garcia-Fernandez, Andres J. Moreno, Alec Payne, Jeffrey Streets

We introduce a geometric flow of conformally coclosed $G_2$-structures, whose fixed points are large volume solutions of the heterotic $G_2$ system, with vanishing scalar torsion class $\tau_0 = 0$. After conformal rescaling, it becomes a flow of coclosed $G_2$-structures, related to Grigorian's modified $G_2$ coflow, which is coupled to a flow for a dilaton

S. V. Chernov

An analytical model of a thick asymmetric Gaussian ring is presented for which the visibility function is calculated in two perpendicular directions for baselines up to 6 of the Earth's diameter.

Lukas Kühne, Matt Larson

We give a precise definition of incidence theorems in plane projective geometry and introduce the notion of ``absolute incidence theorems,'' which hold over any ring. Fomin and Pylyavskyy describe how to obtain incidence theorems from tilings of an orientable surface; they call this result the ``master theorem''. Instances of the master theorem are always ab

Karen Crowther

Interpretation is not the only way to explain a theory's success, form and features, and nor is it the only way to solve problems we see with a theory. This can also be done by giving a reductive explanation of the theory, by reference to a newer, more accurate, and/or more fundamental theory. We are seeking a theory of quantum gravity, a more fundamental th

M. ElMassalami, S. Favre, M. B. Silva Neto

Analysis of the thermal and baric evolution of resistance in $LaBa_2Fe_3O_{8+\delta}$ enabled the construction of its pressure-temperature (P-T) phase diagram, which prominently displays a critical boundary, $P^{MIT}_c(T)$, marking the transition from localized to hole-type extended states. The relatively low critical pressures [$P^{MIT}_c(T) \approx 3$-8 GP

Malika Iratni, Mohand Boughanem, Taoufiq Dkaki

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances language model performance by incorporating external knowledge retrieved from large corpora, which makes it highly suitable for tasks such as open domain question answering. Standard RAG systems typically rely on a fixed top k retrieval strategy, which can either miss relevant information or introduce semanticall

Akila Premarathna, Kanishka Hewageegana, Garcia Andarcia Mariangel

In regions of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), there is a high demand for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), crucial for sustainable water management. Precise identification of WWTPs from satellite images enables environmental monitoring. Traditional methods like YOLOv8 segmentation require extensive manual labeling. But studies indicate that visio

Pablo García-Santaclara, Bruno Fernández-Castro, Rebeca P. Díaz-Redondo, Carlos Calvo-Moa

The exponential growth of Internet-connected devices has presented challenges to traditional centralized computing systems due to latency and bandwidth limitations. Edge computing has evolved to address these difficulties by bringing computations closer to the data source. Additionally, traditional machine learning algorithms are not suitable for edge-comput

A. A. Araújo Filho, Iarley P. Lobo

A recent study [Annals Phys. 455 (2023) 169394, e-Print: 2204.01901 [gr-qc]] examined the thermodynamic behavior of an axially symmetric black hole within a non-commutative framework that mimics the effect of an angular momentum. However, the analysis presents notable computational inconsistencies. In that analysis, the event horizon was miscalculated, and t

Abdullah Al Mamun, Miaohua Zhang, David Ahmedt-Aristizabal, Zeeshan Hayder

Self-supervised Learning (SSL) has become a powerful paradigm for representation learning without manual annotations. However, most existing frameworks focus on global alignment and struggle to capture the hierarchical, multi-scale lesion patterns characteristic of plant disease imagery. To address this gap, we propose PSMamba, a progressive self-supervised

Šimon Kucharský, Aayush Mishra, Daniel Habermann, Stefan T. Radev

Amortized Bayesian inference (ABI) offers fast, scalable approximations to posterior densities by training neural surrogates on data simulated from the statistical model. However, ABI methods are highly sensitive to model misspecification: when observed data fall outside the training distribution (generative scope of the statistical models), neural surrogate

Pierre Gaspard

A historical perspective is presented on thermodynamics from the pioneering contributions by Carnot and Clausius to recent advances on active matter. Non-equilibrium thermodynamics develops from the identification of the irreversible processes contributing to entropy production in various types of materials and systems. These processes include friction, visc

Nikoleta Anesti, Edward Hill, Andreas Joseph

This paper investigates the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically GPT-3.5-turbo (GPT), to form inflation perceptions and expectations based on macroeconomic price signals. We compare the LLM's output to household survey data and official statistics, mimicking the information set and demographic characteristics of the Bank of England's Inflati

Freja Vandeputte, Bart van den Boorn, Matthijs van Berkel, Anja Bieberle-Hütter

The efficiency of water electrolysis in a photoelectrochemical cell is largely limited by the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at its semiconductor photoanode. Reaction rate constants are key to investigating the slow kinetics of the multistep OER, as they indicate the rate-determining step. While these rate constants are usually calculated based on first-pri

Andrew Dowdy, Andrew Brown, Todd Lane, Mateusz Taszarek

Spatiotemporal variations in thunderstorm occurrence frequency are considered here using an environmental dataset derived from ERA5 reanalysis data. Interannual variability in the thunderstorm environments is examined for the period 1979-2023, with the standard deviation and coefficient of variation showing considerable spatial differences through the world.

Roberto Raddi, Anna F. Pala, Alberto Rebassa-Mansergas, Boris T. Gänsicke

Understanding the formation, evolution, and chemical diversity of exoplanets are now central areas of astrophysics research. White dwarfs provide a uniquely sensitive laboratory for studying the end stages of planetary-system evolution and for probing the bulk composition of both rocky and volatile-rich exoplanetary material. In the 2030s new facilities will

María Anguiano, Francisco J. Suárez-Grau

This theoretical study deals with the Navier-Stokes equations posed in a 3D thin domain with thickness $0<\varepsilon\ll 1$, assuming power law slip boundary conditions, with an anisotropic tensor, on the bottom. This condition, introduced in (Djoko et al., Comput. Math. Appl., 128 (2022) 198-213), represents a generalization of the Navier slip boundary cond

Rami Katz, Dmitry Batenkov, Giulia Giordano

We investigate the recovery of exponents and amplitudes of an exponential sum, where the exponents $\left\{\lambda_n \right\}_{n=1}^{N_1}$ are the first $N_1$ eigenvalues of a Sturm-Liouville operator, from finitely many measurements subject to measurement noise. This inverse problem is extremely ill-conditioned when the noise is arbitrary and unstructured.

Rositsa Miteva, Susan W. Samwel, Momchil Dechev

We present a comparison between low and high energy solar energetic protons (SEPs) as observed by the SOHO/ERNE high energy detector in solar cycle (SC) 23. Observed and corrected peak proton intensities are used in the analyses. The linear correlations are calculated between the proton intensity and the soft X-ray class of solar flares (SFs) on one side and

Youngwoo Choi, Woojin Kwon, Leslie W. Looney, John J. Tobin

The majority of stars are born in clustered environments. In these environments, close encounters between young stars with planet-forming disks are expected to occur frequently. However, direct evidence of such interactions remains rare. Here, we report clear signatures of a recent dynamical interaction between the young stellar systems L1448 IRS3A and L1448

Arnab Das, Soumik Mukhopadhyay

Chiral orbital current (COC) plays a crucial role in governing the magnetization and transport behaviour in the layered ferrimagnetic nodal-line semiconductor Mn3Si2Te6. Here, we observe that the topological Hall effect (THE), typically attributed to Berry curvature from chiral spin textures, originates from COC, which produces an emergent magnetic field for

Agrippina Mwangi, León Navarro-Hilfiker, Lukasz Brewka, Mikkel Gryning

Stochastic disruptions such as flash events arising from benign traffic bursts and switch thermal fluctuations are major contributors to intermittent service degradation in software-defined industrial networks. These events violate IEC~61850-derived quality-of-service requirements and user-defined service-level agreements, hindering the reliable and timely d

Rositsa Miteva, Werner Pötzi, Astrid Veronig, Kamen Kozarev

We present the bilateral collaboration between Bulgarian and Austrian solar and space weather researchers on the topic of chromospheric and coronal activity. This new project will focus, on one hand, on the technical setup and calibration of the new Rozhen chromospheric telescope at the National Astronomical Observatory (NAO) by means of establishing optimal

V. M. Braun, P. Gotzler, A. N. Manashov

We develop a new technique and calculate conformal (Gegenbauer) moments of the two-loop coefficient functions in Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS). These results are necessary for the extraction of the generalized parton distributions from the experimental data to the NNLO accuracy within the Mellin-Barnes approach.

Ersyzario Edo Yunata, Angga Dito Fauzi, Khoirunnisa Qoulan Aziza, Priscelia Arie Novita

Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) has emerged as a powerful and non-destructive optical characterization technique for probing the complex dielectric properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials. This review provides a comprehensive overview of ellipsometric methods applied to atomically thin and multilayer van der Waals materials, including graphene, transiti

Michał Ćwiąkała, Dariusz Baran, Gabriela Wojak, Ernest Górka

This paper examines the role of employment flexibility in enhancing the competitiveness of firms using temporary staffing services, with empirical evidence from Poland. The study focuses on how flexible employment arrangements influence operational efficiency, cost reduction, workforce scalability, market responsiveness, and client satisfaction. A quantitati

Emiliano Ceccarelli, Jorge Castillo-Mateo, Sandra Gudžiūnaitė, Giada Minelli

This study investigates how different spatiotemporal temperature models affect the estimation of heat-related mortality in Lazio, Italy (2008--2022). First, we compare three methods to reconstruct daily maximum temperature at the municipality level: 1. a Bayesian quantile regression model with spatial interpolation, 2. a Bayesian Gaussian regression model, 3