March 2026 arXiv papers — page 50

Ali Slim, Haydar Hamieh, Jawad Kotaich, Yehya Ghosn

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for code generation, yet quantum code generation is still evaluated mostly within single frameworks, making it difficult to separate quantum reasoning from framework familiarity. We introduce QuanBench+, a unified benchmark spanning Qiskit, PennyLane, and Cirq, with 42 aligned tasks covering quantum algorith

Samrat Bhattacharyya, Nabil Simaan

This paper presents an online path planning algorithm for safe autonomous manipulation of a flexibly constrained object in an unknown environment. Methods for real time identification and characterization of perceived flexible constraints and global stiffness are presented. Used in tandem, these methods allow a robot to simultaneously explore, characterize,

Jonas Regehr, Mitch Briles, Zachary Tatlock, Pavel Panchekha

Numerical software depends on fast, accurate implementations of mathematical primitives like sin, exp, and log. Modern superoptimizers can optimize floating-point kernels against a given set of such primitives, but a more fundamental question remains open: which new primitives are worth implementing in the first place? We formulate this as numerical library

Bingchao Wang, Jonah Mack, Francesco Giorgio-Serchi, Adam A. Stokes

Scalable control of pneumatic and fluidic networks remains fundamentally constrained by architectures that require continuous power input, dense external control hardware, and fixed routing topologies. Current valve arrays rely on such continuous actuation and mechanically fixed routing, imposing substantial thermal and architectural overhead. Here, we intro

Zhongweiyang Xu, Ashutosh Pandey, Juan Azcarreta, Zhaoheng Ni

We propose Uni-ArrayDPS, a novel diffusion-based refinement framework for unified multi-channel speech enhancement and separation. Existing methods for multi-channel speech enhancement/separation are mostly discriminative and are highly effective at producing high-SNR outputs. However, they can still generate unnatural speech with non-linear distortions caus

Maggie A. Thompson

With the advanced capabilities of ground- and space-based telescopes, exoplanet science is beginning to characterize the physics and chemistry of exoplanet atmospheres. However, interpreting exoplanet observations requires sophisticated modeling tools that rely on laboratory data to provide critical inputs and constraints. In preparation for the influx of ob

C. Royon

We discuss first the discovery of the odderon by the TOTEM and D0 collaborations. We then describe the gap between jets measurements sensitive to the high gluon density regime and the possible observation of saturation phenomenon in Pb Pb interactions. We also mention the sensitivity to beyond standard model physics and to the production of axion-like partic

Naiara Patiño, Nuria Calvet, Gladis Magris, Marbely Micolta

Magnetospheric accretion is the paradigm for accretion in Classical T-Tauri Stars (CTTS). However, the standard, one-flow magnetospheric accretion model fails to replicate important characteristics such as the observed Balmer decrements. We address this limitation by adopting a model with two axisymmetric magnetospheric accretion flows of different accretion

Xirui Shi, Arya Ebrahimi, Yi Hu, Jun Jin

Diffusion models are increasingly used for robot learning, but current designs face a clear trade-off. Action-chunking diffusion policies like ManiCM are fast to run, yet they only predict short segments of motion. This makes them reactive, but unable to capture time-dependent motion primitives, such as following a spring-damper-like behavior with built-in d

Aryan Iliat

Quantum optics provides a fundamental framework for understanding the interaction between light and matter at the quantum level. Recently, it has been shown that under incoherent pumping, the resonance fluorescence spectrum dramatically changes. Engineering the resonance fluorescence spectrum paves the way towards solid-state-based single-photon sources. In

Deen Dayal Mohan, Hossein Souri, Vitali Petsiuk, Juhong Min

Until recently, the success of large-scale vision-language models (VLMs) has primarily relied on billion-sample datasets, posing a significant barrier to progress. Latest works have begun to close this gap by improving supervision quality, but each addresses only a subset of the weaknesses in contrastive pretraining. We present GoldiCLIP, a framework built o

Juan Antonio Vega Coso

Stochastic resetting -- the intermittent restart of random processes -- has profoundly reshaped first-passage theory, providing a mechanism to control and optimize completion times. While the influence of resetting on mean first-passage times is now well understood, its impact on absorption probabilities in confined domains remains comparatively unexplored.

Mark M. Bailey

Complex systems are difficult to study not only because they are nonlinear, multiscale, and often nonstationary, but because their scientifically relevant organization is often invisible at the level of individual components, pairwise interactions, or low-order summary statistics. This review argues that topology has become valuable in complex-systems scienc

Mohsen Haghighat, Levi Smith

This paper presents a novel terahertz (THz) bandpass filter (BPF) based on a spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) waveguide with a center frequency of 1 THz and a 3 dB bandwidth of 0.3 THz. The proposed BPF comprises cascaded high-pass and low-pass elements. The high-pass element is a capacitive gap in the SSPP transition circuit, and the low-pass element

Abu Noman Md Sakib, Merjulah Roby, Zijie Zhang, Satish Muluk

Computed tomography image segmentation of complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) often fails because the models assign internal focus to irrelevant structures or do not focus on thin, low-contrast targets. Where the model looks is the primary training signal, and thus we propose an Explainable AI (XAI) guided encoder shaping framework. Our method computes

Mithat Ünsal

We investigate the renormalization group flow and beta functions of Yang-Mills theory and adjoint QCD in a strong, stable, self-dual background field $F$. In deep UV, theory runs according to the standard beta function, $\beta_0$. Treating the background as a superselection sector, we find that the theory abelianizes below the scale $\sqrt{F}$ and remains st

Rajni Chahal-Crockett, Michael D. Toomey, Logan T. Kearney, Yawei Gao

Charge transport in polymers, such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN), is crucial for electronics and energy storage. For instance, PAN can transport cations e.g., Li+, by facilitating dynamic cation-nitrile coordination in batteries. However, little is known regarding the underlying role of complex reactive polymer configurations. Herein, we develop a deep-learning

Claire Benét Post, Paul Bontempo, August Milliken, Alvin Po-Chun Chen

To fully capture the meaning of a sentence, semantic representations should encode aspect, which describes the internal temporal structure of events. In graph-based meaning representation frameworks such as Uniform Meaning Representations (UMR), aspect lets one know how events unfold over time, including distinctions such as states, activities, and completed

Cecilia Lazzoni, Alice Zurlo, Silvano Desidera, Andrea Bernardi

We aim to search for satellites and circumplanetary or circumsubstellar disks around directly imaged substellar companions, exploring their immediate environment to constrain the conditions for satellites and disk formation. We conducted a dedicated survey of twelve planets and brown dwarfs with VLT/SPHERE using a novel application of the star hopping techni

Jared Miller, Carsten Scherer, Fabian Jakob, Andrea Iannelli

Optimization algorithms can be interpreted through the lens of dynamical systems as the interconnection of linear systems and a set of subgradient nonlinearities. This dynamical systems formulation allows for the analysis and synthesis of optimization algorithms by solving robust control problems. In this work, we use the celebrated internal model principle

Samuel Chamberlin, Emmerson Taylor

Libor \v{S}nobl and Pavel Winternitz classified all of the Lie algebras of dimension six and smaller. Using this classification, we formulated and proved structure constant formulas for the universal enveloping algebras of the nilpotent Lie algebras of dimension five and less.

Matan Ben-Yosef, Tavi Halperin, Naomi Ken Korem, Mohammad Salama

Controlling video and audio generation requires diverse modalities, from depth and pose to camera trajectories and audio transformations, yet existing approaches either train a single monolithic model for a fixed set of controls or introduce costly architectural changes for each new modality. We introduce AVControl, a lightweight, extendable framework built

Angelos Michailidis, Spiros Patsourakos

We investigated if signatures of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) can be retrieved in the differential emission measure (DEM) from Sun-as-a-star extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) observations. We analyzed 16 major, eruptive (i.e., associated with CMEs) flares. For each flare we constructed light curves of the average intensity of full-disk images taken by the SDO/AIA m

Yaqi Guo, Fabian Braun, Bastiaan Ketelaar, Stephanie Tan

While backpropagation and automatic differentiation have driven deep learning's success, the physical limits of chip manufacturing and rising environmental costs of deep learning motivate alternative learning paradigms such as physical neural networks. However, most existing physical neural networks still rely on digital computing for training, largely becau

Gabriel E. Patenotte, Youngshin Kim, Samuel Gebretsadkan, Kang-Kuen Ni

Neutral-atom quantum simulation is susceptible to entanglement between the atom's internal electronic state and its center-of-mass position. In many alkali Rydberg platforms, the 'spin-motion coupling' is exacerbated by the free expansion required to avoid ponderomotive anti-trapping from optical fields. A recent proposal (arXiv:2505.01071) claims sufficient

Swastik Kopparty, Itzhak Tamo

Expander (Tanner) codes combine sparse graphs with local constraints, enabling linear-time decoding and asymptotically good distance--rate tradeoffs. A standard constraint-counting argument yields the global-rate lower bound $R\ge 2r-1$ for a Tanner code with local rate $r$, which gives no positive-rate guarantee in the low-rate regime $r\le 1/2$. This regim

Pawan Kumar, Hokeun Kim

Precision agriculture promises higher yields and sustainability, but adoption is slowed by the high cost of cyber-physical systems (CPS) and the lack of systematic design methods. We present a cost-aware design space exploration (DSE) framework for multimodal drone-rover platforms to integrate budget, energy, sensing, payload, computation, and communication

Mónica Blanco, Francisco Criado, Francisco Santos

Henze and Malikiosis (2017) have shown that the Lonely Runner Conjecture (LRC) can be restated as a convex-geometric question on the so-called LR zonotopes, lattice zonotopes with one more generator than their dimension. This relation naturally suggests a more generel statement, the "shifted" LRC, the zonotopal version of which concerns a classical parameter

Alex Chen, Qing Zhou

Causal discovery aims to infer causal relationships among variables from observational data, typically represented by a directed acyclic graph (DAG). Most existing methods assume independent and identically distributed observations, an assumption often violated in modern applications. In addition, many datasets contain a mixture of continuous and discrete va

Jungtaek Kim, Thomas Zeng, Ziqian Lin, Minjae Lee

Effective problem solving with Large Language Models (LLMs) can be enhanced when they are paired with external search algorithms. By viewing the space of diverse ideas and their follow-up possibilities as a tree structure, the search algorithm can navigate such a search space and guide the LLM toward better solutions more efficiently. While the search algori

Maximilian Reichert, Mikel Sanz, Nicolas Fabre

Quantum mode parameter estimation determines parameters governing the shape of electromagnetic modes occupied by a quantum state of radiation. Canonical examples, time delays and frequency shifts, underpin radar, lidar, and optical clocks. A comprehensive framework recently established that broad families of quantum states can attain the Heisenberg limit, su

Simon Müller, Ravit Helled

The radiative opacity plays a critical role in shaping the thermal evolution and interior structure of giant planets. Near $\sim$ 2,000 K, a hydrogen-transparency region creates a window of reduced opacity that can give rise to detached, deep radiative zones between two convective zones. This local opacity minimum could be deepened further by alkali depletio

Sunil Prakash

AI agents increasingly call tools via the Model Context Protocol (MCP) and delegate to other agents via Agent-to-Agent (A2A), yet neither protocol verifies agent identity. A scan of approximately 2,000 MCP servers found all lacked authentication. In our survey, we did not identify a prior implemented protocol that jointly combines public-key verifiable deleg

Valerio Terragni

This article discusses the challenges of testing software systems with increasingly integrated AI and LLM functionalities. LLMs are powerful but unreliable, and labeled ground truth for testing rarely scales. Metamorphic Testing solves this by turning relations among multiple test executions into executable test oracles.

Eduardo Miranda

Milestone Driven Agile Execution is a hybrid management framework where the empirical control component of agile development is retained but the prioritization of the backlog is done according to a macro or strategic (milestone) plan that drives the execution of the project. MDAX is method agnostic, in the sense that the development approach is not embedded

Mohammed Nowshad Ruhani Chowdhury, Mohammed Nowaz Rabbani Chowdhury, Sakari Lukkarinen

Clinical documentation is a critical factor for patient safety, diagnosis, and continuity of care. The administrative burden of EHRs is a significant factor in physician burnout. This is a critical issue for low-resource languages, including Finnish. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a domain-aligned natural language processing (NLP); large

Jakub Řada, Daniela Velichová, Michal Zamboj

The contribution emphasizes the geometric modeling point of view on Minkowski point set operations. In this paper, the Minkowski product is specified as the quaternionic product. Selected point sets are visualized using double orthogonal projection and perspective projection from four-dimensional to three-dimensional space. In particular, we demonstrate the

Huiming Xie, Fei Xue, Xiao Wang

Missing data is a ubiquitous challenge in data analysis, often leading to biased and inaccurate results. Traditional imputation methods usually assume that the missingness mechanism is missing-at-random (MAR), where the missingness is independent of the missing values themselves. This assumption is frequently violated in real-world scenarios, prompted by rec

Narek Tumanyan, Samuel Rota Bulò, Denis Rozumny, Lorenzo Porzi

Dynamic scene reconstruction from casual videos has seen recent remarkable progress. Numerous approaches have attempted to overcome the ill-posedness of the task by distilling priors from 2D foundational models and by imposing hand-crafted regularization on the optimized motion. However, these methods struggle to reconstruct scenes from extreme novel viewpoi

Réka Könyves-Tóth, Zsófia Bodola, Tamás Szalai, Moira Andrews

{Supernova (SN) siblings are powerful tools used to calibrate and improve distance measurement methods, and to make the systematic uncertainty to distances to their host galaxies considerably lower compared to other techniques.} {In this paper we present distance estimates to NGC6951, a galaxy that hosted the Type IIP SN~2020dpw, the Type Ib SN~2021sjt, and

Zeda Xu, Nikolas Martelaro, Christopher McComb

The engineering design research community has studied agentic AI systems that use Large Language Model (LLM) agents to automate the engineering design process. However, these systems are prone to some of the same pathologies that plague humans. Just as human designers, LLM design agents can fixate on existing paradigms and fail to explore alternatives when s

Kweku Yamoah, Noah Schroeder, Emmanuel Dorley, Neha Rani

Systematic reviews traditionally have taken considerable amounts of human time and energy to complete, in part due to the extensive number of titles and abstracts that must be reviewed for potential inclusion. Recently, researchers have begun to explore how to use large language models (LLMs) to make this process more efficient. However, research to date has

Ke Wang, Qijin Chen, Rufus Boyack, K. Levin

Superconductivity in twisted graphene is probed by tunneling spectroscopy and superfluid stiffness, two observables that access the same order parameter from complementary perspectives. We show that a finite-momentum pair-density-wave (PDW) state, consistent with reported Kekul\'e signatures, reconciles substantial low-energy tunneling weight with an approxi

Pronob Kumar Barman, Tera L. Reynolds, James Foulds

Online health communities (OHCs) are vital for fostering peer support and improving health outcomes. Support groups within these platforms can provide more personalized and cohesive peer support, yet traditional support group formation methods face challenges related to scalability, static categorization, and insufficient personalization. To overcome these l

Ishan Kumarasinghe, Dasuni Kawya, Madhura Edirisooriya, Isuri Devindi

Synthetic cardiac MRI (CMRI) generation has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome the scarcity of annotated medical imaging data. Recent advances in GANs, VAEs, diffusion probabilistic models, and flow-matching techniques aim to generate anatomically accurate images while addressing challenges such as limited labeled datasets, vendor variability, and r

Sicheng Zhou, Kai Zhang

Conditional independence is central to modern statistics, but beyond special parametric families it rarely admits an exact covariance characterization. We introduce the binary expansion group intersection network (BEGIN), a distribution-free graphical representation for multivariate binary data and bit-encoded multinomial variables. For arbitrary binary rand

Gokul Acharya, Rabindra Basnet, Santosh Karki Chhetri, Dinesh Upreti

Topological semimetals offer a rich platform for exploring massless fermion physics and realizing exotic properties with potential technological applications. GdPS, a magnetic semiconductor derived from the nodal-line semimetal ZrSiS family, exhibits a field-induced insulator-to-metal transition driven by exchange splitting. This transition is accompanied by

Marta Calanchi, Giulio Ciraolo, Francesca Messina

We study semilinear elliptic equations \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} -\Delta u = f(u) & \text{in } \Omega, \\ \partial_\nu u = 0 & \text{on } \partial\Omega, \end{cases} \end{equation*} with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions in bounded domains. A classical result by Casten-Holland and Matano shows that stable nonconstant solutions cannot exist in con

Anton V. Bibikov, Sergei N. Yudin, Maria M. Popova, Alexei N. Grum-Grzhimailo

The development of intense high-energy radiation sources and the improvement of techniques for detecting charged fragments have made possible experiments on multiple ionization of a molecule with registration of the momentum and charge of dissociation products in coincidence. This technique allows to determine (`fix') a molecular geometry at the time of frag

Brad Ratto, Alan Williams, Miroslav Krstić, Tamer Başar

The nested Extremum Seeking (nES) algorithm is a model-free optimization method that has been shown to converge to a neighborhood of a Nash equilibrium. In this work, we demonstrate that the same nES dynamics can instead be made to converge to a neighborhood of a Stackelberg (leader--follower) equilibrium by imposing a different scaling law on the algorithm'

Gabriel Orlanski, Devjeet Roy, Alexander Yun, Changho Shin

Software development is iterative, yet agentic coding benchmarks hide design issues through their single-shot setup. Recent iterative benchmarks attempt to remedy this but heavily constrain an agent's design decision space, making it impossible to faithfully measure how their decisions shape future extensions. We introduce SlopCodeBench, a benchmark of 36 pr

Muhammad Liman Gambo, Ahmad Almulhem

Micro-segmentation as a core requirement of zero trust architecture (ZTA) divides networks into small security zones, called micro-segments, thereby minimizing impact of security breaches and restricting lateral movement of attackers. Existing approaches for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) networks often remain centralized, static, or difficult to inter

Manglam Kartik, Neel Tushar Shah

Standard vision models treat objects as independent points in Euclidean space, unable to capture hierarchical structure like parts within wholes. We introduce Worldline Slot Attention, which models objects as persistent trajectories through spacetime worldlines, where each object has multiple slots at different hierarchy levels sharing the same spatial posit

Vivienne Pelletier, Vedant Bhat, Daniel J. Rivera, Steven A. Wilson

Machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs), particularly graph neural network (GNN)-based models, offer a promising route to achieving near-density functional theory (DFT) accuracy at significantly reduced computational cost. However, their practical deployment is often limited by the large volumes of expensive quantum mechanical training data required.

Kamal Aghazade, Ali Siahkoohi, Ali Gholami

Full waveform inversion is an ill-posed inverse problem whose solution non-uniqueness -- i.e., arising from band-limited, finite-aperture, noisy data -- calls for uncertainty quantification to avoid overconfident geological interpretations. Bayesian inference addresses this need by characterizing the solution as a posterior distribution rather than a single

Pronob Kumar Barman, Tera L. Reynolds, James Foulds

Online Health Communities connect patients for peer support, but users face a discovery challenge when they have minimal prior interactions to guide personalization. We study recommendation under extreme interaction sparsity in a survey driven setting where each user provides a 16 dimensional intake vector and each support group has a structured feature prof

David G. Shatwell, Sirnam Swetha, Mubarak Shah

Many real-world applications in digital forensics, urban monitoring, and environmental analysis require jointly reasoning about visual appearance, location, and time. Beyond standard geo-localization and time-of-capture prediction, these applications increasingly demand more complex capabilities, such as retrieving an image captured at the same location as a

Lusine Poghosyan, Anna Manucharyan, Mikayel Aramyan, Naira Hovakimyan

In this paper, we consider a distributed model predictive control (MPC) algorithm for coordinated path-following. Relying on the time-critical cooperative path-following framework, which decouples space and time and reduces the coordination problem to a one-dimensional setting, we formulate a distributed MPC scheme for time coordination. Leveraging propertie

Changyu Liu, James Chenhao Liang, Wenhao Yang, Yiming Cui

Diffusion models have significantly reshaped the field of generative artificial intelligence and are now increasingly explored for their capacity in discriminative representation learning. Diffusion Transformer (DiT) has recently gained attention as a promising alternative to conventional U-Net-based diffusion models, demonstrating a promising avenue for dow

Yuda Bi, Chenyu Zhang, Qiheng Wang, Vince D Calhoun

Grokking -- the delayed onset of generalization after early memorization -- is often described with phase-transition language, but that claim has lacked falsifiable finite-size inputs. Here we supply those inputs by treating the group order $p$ of $\mathbb{Z}_p$ as an admissible extensive variable and a held-out spectral head-tail contrast as a representatio

Anthony J Wood, Aeron R Sanchez, Rowland R Kao

When designing control strategies for an infectious disease it is critical to identify the key pathways of transmission. Data on infected hosts - when they were born, where they lived and with whom they interacted - can help infer sources of infection and transmission clusters. However such data are generally not powerful enough to identify infector-infectee

Nathan Bailey

Weather data, comprising multiple variables, poses significant challenges due to its high dimensionality and multimodal nature. Creating low-dimensional embeddings requires compressing this data into a compact, shared latent space. This compression is required to improve the efficiency and performance of downstream tasks, such as forecasting or extreme-weath

César Galindo

The Clifford group associated with a finite abelian group fits into an extension of the symplectic group by the underlying phase space. We prove that this extension splits as a semidirect product if and only if the order of the underlying abelian group is not divisible by four. The obstruction to splitting is controlled entirely by the 2-primary component an

Curie Kim, Carsten Portner, Mingju Liu, Steve Dai

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem, the first problem proven to be NP-complete, has become a fundamental challenge in computational complexity, with widespread applications in optimization and verification across many domains. Despite significant algorithmic advances over the past two decades, the performance of SAT solvers has improved at a limited pace.

Karin Kjellgren, Philipp Girichidis, Maria Werhahn, Ralf S. Klessen

Diffuse gamma-ray emission is a key tracer of cosmic rays (CRs) in galaxies, encoding information about their transport, energetics, and interactions with the interstellar medium. Interpreting the Milky Way gamma-ray sky is challenging because the observed emission depends on the three-dimensional distributions of CRs and gas, as well as the observer locatio

S. K. Leggett

For a decade there has been a factor of 2.5 gap in luminosity between the 275K WISE J085510.83-071442.5 (Luhman 2014) and all other Y dwarfs, with Teff >= 350K. Recently three objects were found which may fall in this gap. Two are companions to Y dwarfs: WISE J033605.05-014350.4B (Calissendorff et al. 2023) and CWISEP J193518.58-154620.3B (De Furio et al. 20

Ciera L. Sargent, David M. Alexander, Claire L. Greenwell, Victoria A. Fawcett

Red quasars exhibit a higher incidence of compact (galaxy-scale or smaller) radio emission than blue quasars, arising from systems near the radio-loud/radio-quiet threshold. In this paper we select quasars from SDSS ($0.2 <z <2.4$), and use archival radio data (FIRST, VLASS, LoTSS) to visually determine the radio morphologies of 573 red quasars compared to a

Daniel Benniah John

Efficient task scheduling in large-scale distributed systems presents significant challenges due to dynamic workloads, heterogeneous resources, and competing quality-of-service requirements. Traditional centralized approaches face scalability limitations and single points of failure, while classical heuristics lack adaptability to changing conditions. This p

Jakob Nowicki-Koth

We address the Cauchy problem for the $k$-generalized Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation ($k$-gZK) posed on $\mathbb{R}^2$ and on $\mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{T}$. By applying established and recently developed linear and bilinear Strichartz-type estimates within the framework of the $I$-method, we obtain the following results: $\bullet$ The Zakharov-Kuznetsov equati

Zaid Abulawi, Zavier Ndum Ndum, Eric Cervi, Rui Hu

In the design and safety analysis of advanced reactor systems, constructing input files for system-level thermal-hydraulics codes such as the System Analysis Module (SAM) remains a labor-intensive task. Analysts must extract and reconcile design data from heterogeneous engineering documents and manually translate it into solver-specific syntax. In this paper

Jérôme Touguet, Igor A. Andriyash, Lucas Rovige, Cédric Thaury

Achromatic flying-focus enables programmable control of intensity peak velocity, with applications in ultrafast optics. However, spatiotemporal coupling inherently elongates ultrashort pulses by introducing frequency-dependent focusing and arrival-time dispersion. We present a theoretical model identifying this pulse-lengthening effect and propose a radially

Selim Gilon, Emily Y. Miller, Scott D. Uhlrich

Quantifying human movement (kinematics) and musculoskeletal forces (kinetics) at scale, such as estimating quadriceps force during a sit-to-stand movement, could transform prediction, treatment, and monitoring of mobility-related conditions. However, quantifying kinematics and kinetics traditionally requires costly, time-intensive analysis in specialized lab

Vadym Kliuchnikov, Marcus P. da Silva

We show that any $n$-qubit Clifford unitary can be implemented using at most $2n$ multi-qubit joint measurements. All the multi-qubit joint measurements used for implementing the Clifford unitary can be chosen to form at most two sets of independent mutually-commuting measurements. Each of these sets is of size at most $n$. This enables very flexible space-t

Yuqi Hu, Vasha DuTell, Ahna R. Girshick, Jennifer E. Corbett

The classic duck-rabbit illusion reveals that when visual evidence is ambiguous, the human brain must decide what it sees. But where exactly do human observers draw the line between ''duck'' and ''rabbit'', and do machine classifiers draw it in the same place? We use semantically ambiguous images as interpretability probes to expose how vision models represe

Ram Brustein, A. J. M. Medved, Hagar Meir

Classical general relativity predicts that a contracting, spherically symmetric matter system with a large-enough mass will result in the formation of a trapped region whose outer boundary is an apparent horizon where the gravitational redshift diverges. The incompleteness theorems then lead to the conclusion that the outcome of the collapse is the singular

Shane Thompson, Daniel Gunlycke

Accurate ground-state energy calculations remain a central challenge in quantum chemistry due to the exponential scaling of the many-body Hilbert space. Variational Monte Carlo and variational quantum eigensolvers offer promising ansatz optimization approaches but face limitations in convergence as well as hardware constraints. We introduce a particular Sele

Alma Cohen, Alon Klement, Zvika Neeman, Eilon Solan

In many institutional settings, $k$ items are selected with the goal of representing the underlying distribution of claims, opinions, or characteristics in a large population. We study environments with two adversarial parties whose preferences over the selected items are commonly known and opposed. We propose the Quantile Mechanism: one party partitions the

Stanislaw Jerzy Niepostyn, Wiktor Bohdan Daszczuk

Unified Modeling Language (UML) is widely used for modeling IT systems but lacks formal rules to ensure consistency across diagrams. This often leads to inconsistencies when shared elements are interpreted differently. To address this, architects use consistency rules that derive elements in target diagrams from more abstract source diagrams. However, these

Lukas Radl, Felix Windisch, Andreas Kurz, Thomas Köhler

Recently, 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) greatly accelerated mesh extraction from posed images due to its explicit representation and fast software rasterization. While the addition of geometric losses and other priors has improved the accuracy of extracted surfaces, mesh extraction remains difficult in scenes with abundant view-dependent effects. To resolve t

Abhilasha Saroj, Shaked Regev, Guanhao Xu, Jinghui Yuan

Traffic simulation and digital-twin calibration is a challenging optimization problem with a limited simulation budget. Each trial requires an expensive simulation run, and the relationship between calibration inputs and model error is often nonconvex, and noisy. The problem becomes more difficult as the number of calibration parameters increases. We compare

Jonathan Engle, Bryce Morsky

We model an electorate voting on the funding of a public good in a two-party system in an evolutionary game theory framework. Voters adopt one of four strategies: Consensus-makers, Gridlockers, Party 1 Zealots, and Party 2 Zealots, which they may change via imitation. The public good benefits both individuals locally and those in neighbouring regions due to

Delilah E. A. Gates, Dominic O. Chang, Aaron Held, Daniel C. M. Palumbo

The central supermassive black hole of the galaxy M87 is currently a target for precision spin measurement using high-resolution, horizon-scale imaging. Such observations aim to resolve the first lensed (${n}~{=}~{1}$) sub-image of the photon ring from the broader direct image. In this work, we identify a concrete observable -- the displacement between the c

Shengli Zhou, Minghang Zheng, Feng Zheng, Yang Liu

Spatial reasoning focuses on locating target objects based on spatial relations in 3D scenes, which plays a crucial role in developing intelligent embodied agents. Due to the limited availability of 3D scene-language paired data, it is challenging to train models with strong reasoning ability from scratch. Previous approaches have attempted to inject 3D scen

Arno Fehm, Pierre Touchard

We study the theory of a global field k as a k-vector space with a predicate for one of the absolute values on k. For example, we prove that in this language a global field with an ultrametric or real archimedean absolute value has a decidable theory, while with a complex absolute value the theory is always undecidable. We also study the existential theories

Arpan Bhattacharyya, Naman Kumar, Shailesh Kumar

We investigate the frequency-dependent (dynamical) tidal response of regular black holes for the Bardeen, Hayward, and Fan-Wang geometries. Our results are obtained by solving the coupled perturbation equations with appropriate boundary conditions, together with a `shell effective field theory' (EFT) construction in which the tidal response is encoded in ren

Alex Rodrigo dos Santos Sousa, João Victor Siqueira Rodrigues, Vitor Ribas Perrone, Raul Gomes Rocha

We consider the statistical problem of estimating constituent curves from observations of their aggregated curves, referred to as \textit{aggregated functional data}, in models with strictly positive random errors following a Gamma distribution and correlated errors structured through AR(1) and ARFIMA processes. This problem arises in several areas of knowle

Vadym Kliuchnikov, Adam Paetznick, Marcus P. da Silva

We generalize the polynomial-time outcome-complete simulation algorithm for stabilizer circuits in arXiv:2309.08676 to track global phases exactly, yielding what we call phased outcome-complete simulation. The original algorithm enabled equivalence checking of stabilizer circuits with intermediate measurements and conditional Pauli corrections for all input

Deyan Deng, Rongjun Qin

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has revolutionized real-time rendering with its state-of-the-art novel view synthesis, but its utility for accurate geometric measurement remains underutilized. Compared to multi-view stereo (MVS) point clouds or meshes, 3DGS rendered views present superior visual quality and completeness. However, current point measurement metho

Alexander Kuhn, Bonnabelle Zabelle, Sara Algeri, Galin L. Jones

Estimating galaxy redshifts is crucial for constraining key physical quantities like those in the equation of state of dark energy. Modern telescopes such as the James Webb Space Telescope, the Euclid Space Telescope, and the NASA Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope are producing massive amounts of spectroscopic data that enable precise redshift estimation. Ho

Chandan Yeshwanth, Angela Dai

3D object understanding and generation methods produce impressive results, yet they often overlook a pervasive source of information in real-world scenes: repeated objects. We introduce the task of lookalike object detection in indoor scenes, which leverages repeated and complementary cues from identical and near-identical object pairs. Given an input scene,

Chuan-Chi Lai, Ang-Hsun Tsai, Zhu Han

The rapid expansion of the Low-Altitude Economy (LAE) necessitates highly reliable coordination among autonomous aerial agents (AAAs). Traditional reactive communication paradigms in 6G networks are increasingly susceptible to stochastic network jitter and intermittent signaling silence, especially within complex urban canyon environments. To address this co

E. Wang, M. Chavez-Cervantes, J. Satapathy, T. Matsuyama

Accessing the intrinsic critical current density (Jc*) in type II superconductors has significant fundamental and technological potential, both as a probe of the microscopic superconducting properties and as a means to increase current limits in high magnetic field devices and in electrical power systems. Yet, the experimental critical current density in typ

Gavin A. L. Coleman

More than half of Solar-type stars are found in binary systems. The numbers of exoplanets within binary systems in s-type orbits now numbers over 700. However, whilst the numbers have increased, there still does not exist a global model of planet formation for wide binary systems, where there does for single stars and circumbinary systems. As a precursor to

Cheng Jiayang, Xin Liu, Zhihan Zhang, Haoyang Wen

Multi-step tool orchestration remains challenging for LLMs, as state-of-the-art models frequently fail on full sequence execution due to parameter errors. Training for these workflows faces two obstacles: the lack of environments supporting complex real-world API dependencies, and sparse binary rewards that provide no signal for partial correctness. We propo

SangHyun Park

We prove that the directed 3-torus D_3(m), or equivalently the Cartesian product of three directed m-cycles, admits a decomposition into three arc-disjoint directed Hamilton cycles for every integer m >= 3. The proof reduces Hamiltonicity to the m-step return maps on the layer section S=i+j+k=0. For odd m, five Kempe swaps of the canonical coloring produce r

Shashank K. Shukla

This paper studies the eigenvalue problem $K \psi = \lambda \psi$ associated with a Fredholm integral operator $K$ defined by a smooth kernel. The focus is on analyzing the convergence behaviour of numerical approximations to eigenvalues and their corresponding spectral subspaces. The interpolatory projection methods are employed on spaces of piecewise polyn

Oussama Bensaid, Anthony Genevois, Romain Tessera

In this article, we characterise geometrically when a right-angled Artin group splits over an abelian subgroup. More precisely, given a finite graph $\Gamma$, we show that $A(\Gamma)$ splits over an abelian subgroup if and only if it is coarsely separable by a family of subexponential growth, which amounts to saying that $\Gamma$ is complete or separated by

Tian Bai, Ying Jin

In deploying artificial intelligence (AI) models, selective prediction offers the option to abstain from making a prediction when uncertain about model quality. To fulfill its promise, it is crucial to enforce strict and precise error control over cases where the model is trusted. We propose Selective Conformal Risk control with E-values (SCoRE), a new frame

Melwin Xavier, Melveena Jolly, Vaisakh M A, Midhun Xavier

AI assistants can decompose multi-step workflows, but they do not natively speak industrial protocols such as Modbus, MQTT/Sparkplug B, or OPC UA, so this paper presents INDUSTRICONNECT, a prototype suite of Model Context Protocol (MCP) adapters that expose industrial operations as schema-discoverable AI tools while preserving protocol-specific connectivity

Youssef K. Wahba, XiaoCheng Mi, Charles B. Kiyanda, Andrew J. Higgins

This study investigates the propagation of detonations along a layered configuration where a reactive gas is weakly confined by a hotter inert layer. CFD simulations are performed using a single-step, non-Arrhenius reaction model designed to suppress cellular instabilities, enabling formulation of a theoretical framework directly compared with simulation res