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Adaptation, Noise, and Self-Organizing Systems papers — page 11

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Emergent Traffic Jams
We study a single-lane traffic model that is based on human driving behavior. The outflow from a traffic jam self-organizes to a critical state of maximum throughput. Small perturbations of the…
Kai Nagel, Maya PaczuskiFeb 15, 1995
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Statistical Theory of Sedimentation of Disordered Suspensions
An analytical treatment for the sedimentation rate of disordered suspensions is presented in the context of a resistance problem. From the calculation it is confirmed that the lubrication effect is…
Hisao Hayakawa, Kengo IchikiFeb 11, 1995
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Upper Bounds for the Critical Car Densities in Traffic Flow Problems
In most models of traffic flow, the car density p is the only free parameter in determining the average car velocity v . The critical car density pc, which is defined to be the…
H. F. Chau, P. M. Hui, Y. F. WooFeb 10, 1995
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The Fight Against the Second Law of Thermodynamics
After presenting possible motives for fighting against the second law of thermodynamics, several attempts to beat this law are analyzed. The second law wins, but an interesting interpretation of it…
Jorge BergerFeb 5, 1995
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Proportion Regulation in Globally Coupled Nonlinear Systems
As a model of proportion regulation in differentiation process of biological system, globally coupled activator-inhibitor systems are studied. Formation and destabilization of one and two cluster…
Tsuyoshi Mizuguchi, Masaki SanoFeb 1, 1995
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A Pinned Polymer Model of Posture Control
A phenomenological model of human posture control is posited. The dynamics are modelled as an elastically pinned polymer under the influence of noise. The model accurately reproduces the two-point…
Carson C. Chow, J. J. CollinsJan 17, 1995
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A set of hard spheres with tangential inelastic collision as a model of granular matter: 1/fα fluctuation, non-Gaussian distribution, and convective motion
A set of hard spheres with tangential inelastic collision is found to reproduce observations of real and numerical granular matter. After time is scaled so as to cancel energy dissipation due to…
Y-h. Taguchi, Hideki TakayasuJan 7, 1995
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Analyzing Social Network Structures in the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma with Choice and Refusal
The Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma with Choice and Refusal (IPD/CR) is an extension of the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma with evolution that allows players to choose and to refuse their game…
Mark D. Smucker, E. Ann Stanley, Dan AshlockJan 4, 1995
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Scaling and singularities in the entrainment of globally-coupled oscillators
The onset of collective behavior in a population of globally coupled oscillators with randomly distributed frequencies is studied for phase dynamical models with arbitrary coupling. The population is…
John David CrawfordJan 3, 1995
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Preferential Partner Selection in an Evolutionary Study of Prisoner's Dilemma
Partner selection is an important process in many social interactions, permitting individuals to decrease the risks associated with cooperation. In large populations, defectors may escape punishment…
Dan Ashlock, Mark D. Smucker, E. Ann Stanley et al.Dec 27, 1994
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An Evolutionary Approach to Associative Memory in Recurrent Neural Networks
In this paper, we investigate the associative memory in recurrent neural networks, based on the model of evolving neural networks proposed by Nolfi, Miglino and Parisi. Experimentally developed…
Sh. Fujita, H. NishimuraNov 30, 1994
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Mapping Self-Organized Criticality onto Criticality
We present a general conceptual framework for self-organized criticality (SOC), based on the recognition that it is nothing but the expression, ''unfolded'' in a suitable parameter…
Didier Sornette, Anders Johansen, Ivan DornicNov 28, 1994
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The covariance matrix of the potts model: A random cluster analysis
We consider the covariance matrix Gmn(x-y) of the d-dimensional q-states Potts model, rewriting it in terms of the connectivity, the finite-cluster connectivity and the infinite-cluster…
C. Borgs, J. T. ChayesNov 14, 1994
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Communities of Practice: Performance and Evolution
We present a detailed model of collaboration in communities of practice and we examine its dynamical consequences for the group as a whole. We establish the existence of a novel mechanism that allows…
Bernardo A. Huberman, Tad HoggOct 26, 1994
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Kinetic Theory of Anomalous Transport of SupraThermal Particles
The plasma turbulence as is well known plays crucial role in the processes of plasma dynamics and transport phenomena. It affects both macroscopic plasma behaviour and distribution of particles, and…
A. Gurevich, A. Lukyanov, K. ZybinOct 25, 1994
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Mass-extinction: Evolution and the effects of external influences on unfit species
We present a new model for extinction in which species evolve in bursts or `avalanches', during which they become on average more susceptible to environmental stresses such as harsh climates and…
M. E. J. Newman, B. W. RobertsOct 20, 1994
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Random Walks on a Fluctuating Lattice: A Renormalization Group Approach Applied in One Dimension
We study the problem of a random walk on a lattice in which bonds connecting nearest neighbor sites open and close randomly in time, a situation often encountered in fluctuating media. We present a…
C. D. Levermore, W. Nadler, D. L. SteinOct 17, 1994
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On The Avalanche-finiteness Of Abelian Sandpiles
We prove a necessary and sufficient condition for an Abelian Sandpile Model (ASM) to be avalanche-finite, namely: all unstable states of the system can be brought back to stability in finite number…
S. W. Chan, H. F. ChauOct 17, 1994
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Belavkin-Kolokoltsov Watch-Dog Effects in Interactively Controlled Stochastic Computer-Graphic Dynamical Systems. A Summary of Mathematical Researches
This paper contains a summary of mathematical researches of stochastic properties of the long time behavior of a continuously observed (and interactively controlled) quantum--field top. Applications…
Denis V. JurievOct 10, 1994
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A New Look at Broken Ergodicity
We study the nature and mechanisms of broken ergodicity (BE) in specific random walk models corresponding to diffusion on random potential surfaces, in both one and high dimension. Using both…
D. L. Stein, C. M. NewmanSep 28, 1994
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Towards A Description Of Interactive Psychoinformation Systems. Preliminary Remarks. (K Opisaniyu Interaktivnyh Psihoinformatsionnyh Sistem. Predvaritel'Nye Zamechaniya)
An approach to description of interactive psychoinformation systems, based on the concept of "virtualization" and essentially using the technique of the "secondary image synthesis"…
Denis JurievSep 14, 1994
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Secondary Image Synthesis In Electronic Computer Photography (Vtorichnyj Sintez Izobrazhenij V Elektronnoj Komp'Yuternoj Fotografii)
The principal scheme of the secondary image synthesis in electronic computer photography is described. The crucial role of the Clebsch-Gordan coefficient calculus is pointed out.
Denis JurievSep 8, 1994
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Bubbles and Market Crashes
We present a dynamical theory of asset price bubbles that exhibits the appearance of bubbles and their subsequent crashes. We show that when speculative trends dominate over fundamental beliefs,…
Michael Youssefmir, Bernardo Huberman, Tad HoggSep 2, 1994
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A Network of Oscillators for Retrieving Phase Information
We propose a network of oscillators to retrieve given patterns in which the oscillators keep a fixed phase relationship with one another. In this description, the phase and the amplitude of the…
Toshio AoyagiAug 22, 1994
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Asymptotic Exit Location Distributions in the Stochastic Exit Problem
Consider a two-dimensional continuous-time dynamical system, with an attracting fixed point S. If the deterministic dynamics are perturbed by white noise (random perturbations) of strength ε, the…
Robert S. Maier, Daniel L. SteinJul 28, 1994
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