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Calculation of the Local Standard of Rest from 20,574 Local Stars in the New Hipparcos Reduction with Known Radial Velocities
Context. An accurate estimate of the local standard of rest (LSR) is required to determine key parameters used in approximate galactic mass models and to understand Galactic structure and evolution.…
Charles Francis, Erik AndersonDec 21, 2008
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Brilliant Pebbles: A Method for Detection of Very Large Interstellar Grains
A photon of wavelength lambda ~1 micron interacting with a dust grain of radius ap ~ 1 mm (a "pebble") undergoes scattering in the forward direction, largely within a small characteristic…
Aristotle Socrates, Bruce T. DraineDec 21, 2008
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Efficiency of Neutrino Annihilation around Spinning Black Holes
A fraction of neutrino emission from GRB accretion disks annihilates above the disk, creating e+- plasma that can drive GRB explosions. We calculate the efficiency of this annihilation using the…
Ivan Zalamea, Andrei M. BeloborodovDec 21, 2008
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A galaxy dynamo by supernova-driven interstellar turbulence
Supernovae are the dominant energy source for driving turbulence within the interstellar plasma. Until recently, their effects on magnetic field amplification in disk galaxies remained a matter of…
Oliver Gressel, Udo Ziegler, Detlef Elstner et al.Dec 21, 2008
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Neutrino Astronomy with the IceCube Observatory and Implications for Astroparticle Physics
The IceCube Observatory is a km3 neutrino telescope currently under construction at the geographic South Pole. It will comprise 4800 optical sensors deployed on 80 vertical strings between 1450 and…
Paolo DesiatiDec 20, 2008
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IceCube: Construction Status and First Results
IceCube is a 1 km3 neutrino telescope currently under construction at the South Pole. The detector will consist of 4800 optical sensors deployed at depths between 1450 m and 2450 m in clear Antarctic…
Albrecht KarleDec 20, 2008
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Hydrodynamical N-body simulations of coupled dark energy cosmologies
If the accelerated expansion of the Universe at the present epoch is driven by a dark energy scalar field, there may well be a non-trivial coupling between the dark energy and the cold dark matter…
Marco Baldi, Valeria Pettorino, Georg Robbers et al.Dec 20, 2008
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Review of Observational Evidence for Dark Matter in the Universe and in upcoming searches for Dark Stars
Over the past decade, a consensus picture has emerged in which roughly a quarter of the universe consists of dark matter. The observational evidence for the existence of dark matter is reviewed:…
Katherine FreeseDec 20, 2008
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Interface Modes and Their Instabilities in Accretion Disc Boundary Layers
We study global non-axisymmetric oscillation modes trapped near the inner boundary of an accretion disc. Observations indicate that some of the quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) observed in the…
David Tsang, Dong LaiDec 20, 2008
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Steady-State Solutions in Nonlinear Diffusive Shock Acceleration
Stationary solutions to the equations of non-linear diffusive shock acceleration play a fundamental role in the theory of cosmic-ray acceleration. Their existence usually requires that a fraction of…
B. Reville, J. G. Kirk, P. DuffyDec 20, 2008
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CNO "Breakout" and Nucleosynthesis in Classical Novae
For very slow white dwarf accretors in CV's Townsley and Bildsten (2004) found a relation between the accretion rate and the central temperature of the white dwarf Tc. According to this relation…
S. Ami Glasner, Jame. W. TruranDec 20, 2008
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The Magellanic System: What have we learnt from FUSE?
I review some of the findings on the Magellanic System produced by the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) during and after its eight years of service. The Magellanic System with its…
N. LehnerDec 20, 2008
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Eppur si muove
In two recent papers, Abramowicz et al. claim that the expansion of the Universe can be interpreted only as the expansion of space. In fact, what they really prove is that the cosmological expansion…
Michał ChodorowskiDec 20, 2008
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Recent Evidence for Convection in Sunspot Penumbrae
Whereas penumbral models during the last 15 years have been successful in explaining Evershed flows and magnetic field inclination variations in terms of flux tubes, the lack of contact between these…
G. B. ScharmerDec 20, 2008
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Capability of Cherenkov Telescopes to Observe Ultra-fast Optical Flares
The large optical reflector (~ 100 m2) of a H.E.S.S. Cherenkov telescope was used to search for very fast optical transients of astrophysical origin. 43 hours of observations targeting stellar-mass…
C. Deil, W. Domainko, G. Hermann et al.Dec 20, 2008
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A Sensitive Search For [NII] Emission in a z=6.4 Quasar Host Galaxy
We present a sensitive search for the 3P1->3P0 ground state fine structure line at 205 microns of ionized nitrogen ([NII]) in one of the highest redshift quasars (J1148+5251 at z=6.42) using the…
F. Walter, A. Weiss, D. A. Riechers et al.Dec 20, 2008
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Physics of Neutron Star Crusts
The physics of neutron star crusts is vast, involving many different research fields, from nuclear and condensed matter physics to general relativity. This review summarizes the progress, which has…
N. Chamel, P. HaenselDec 20, 2008
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The prospects of finding the first quasars in the universe
We study the prospects of finding the first quasars in the universe with ALMA and JWST. For this purpose, we derive a model for the high-redshift black hole population based on observed relations…
Dominik R. G. Schleicher, Marco Spaans, Ralf S. KlessenDec 20, 2008
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MOJAVE: Monitoring of Jets in AGN with VLBA Experiments. V. Multi-epoch VLBA Images
We present images from a long term program (MOJAVE: Monitoring of Jets in AGN with VLBA Experiments) to survey the structure and evolution of parsec-scale jet phenomena associated with bright…
M. L. Lister, H. D. Aller, M. F. Aller et al.Dec 20, 2008
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Pulsar timing and spacetime curvature
We analyze the effect of weak field gravitational waves on the timing of pulsars, with particular attention to gauge invariance, that is, to the effects that are independent of the choice of…
Teviet Creighton, Fredrick A. Jenet, Richard H. PriceDec 20, 2008
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The Sloan Bright Arcs Survey : Six Strongly Lensed Galaxies at z=0.4-1.4
We present new results of our program to systematically search for strongly lensed galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) imaging data. In this study six strong lens systems are presented…
Jeffrey M. Kubo, Sahar S. Allam, James Annis et al.Dec 20, 2008
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An Atlas For Interpreting Gamma-Ray Pulsar Light Curves
We have simulated a population of young spin-powered pulsars and computed the beaming pattern and lightcurves for the three main geometrical models: polar cap emission, two-pole caustic ("slot…
Kyle P. Watters, Roger W. Romani, Patrick Weltevrede et al.Dec 20, 2008
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Re-analysis of the First Fringe with 2-Beam in the VERA System from Archive Data
We report results from re-analysis of the visibility data of the first 2-beam observations with VERA (VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry), previously reported by Honma et al., 2003 (hereafter…
Makoto MiyoshiDec 20, 2008
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Relativistic Accretion Mediated by Turbulent Comptonization
Black hole and neutron star accretion flows display unusually high levels of hard coronal emission in comparison to all other optically thick, gravitationally bound, turbulent astrophysical systems.…
Aristotle SocratesDec 20, 2008
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Two-Dimensional Transport of Solids in Viscous Protoplanetary Disks
Large-scale radial transport of solids appears to be a fundamental consequence of protoplanetary disk evolution based on the presence of high temperature minerals in comets and the outer regions of…
Fred CieslaDec 19, 2008
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