Achievement of Preassigned Spectra in the Synthesis of Band-Pass Constant-Envelope Signals by Rapidly Hopping through Discrete FrequenciesSpread-spectrum signals are increasingly adopted in fields including communications, testing of electronic systems, Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) enhancement, ultrasonic non-destructive…Sergio Callegari·Dec 19, 2014SaveLearn
Information-Theoretic Methods for Identifying Relationships among Climate VariablesInformation-theoretic quantities, such as entropy, are used to quantify the amount of information a given variable provides. Entropies can be used together to compute the mutual information, which…Kevin H. Knuth, Deniz Gençağa, William B. Rossow·Dec 19, 2014SaveLearn
The Basics of Information GeometryTo what extent can we distinguish one probability distribution from another? Are there quantitative measures of distinguishability? The goal of this tutorial is to approach such questions by…Ariel Caticha·Dec 17, 2014SaveLearn
Blurring Out Cosmic PuzzlesThe Doomsday argument and anthropic reasoning are two puzzling examples of probabilistic confirmation. In both cases, a lack of knowledge apparently yields surprising conclusions. Since they are…Yann Benétreau-Dupin·Dec 14, 2014SaveLearn
Analog Forecasting with Dynamics-Adapted KernelsAnalog forecasting is a nonparametric technique introduced by Lorenz in 1969 which predicts the evolution of states of a dynamical system (or observables defined on the states) by following the…Zhizhen Zhao, Dimitrios Giannakis·Dec 11, 2014SaveLearn
How to analyze stochastic time series obeying a 2nd order differential equationThe stochastic properties of a Langevin-type Markov process can be extracted from a given time series by a Markov analysis. Also processes that obey a stochastically forced second order differential…Bernd Lehle, Joachim Peinke·Dec 6, 2014SaveLearn
McSAS: A package for extracting quantitative form-free distributionsA reliable and user-friendly characterisation of nano-objects in a target material is presented here in the form of a software data analysis package for interpreting small-angle X-ray scattering…Ingo Breßler, Brian R. Pauw, Andreas Thünemann·Dec 5, 2014SaveLearn
Hubble's Law Implies Benford's Law for Distances to GalaxiesA recent article by Alexopoulos and Leontsinis presented empirical evidence that the first digits of the distances to galaxies are a reasonably good fit to the probabilities predicted by…Ronald F. Fox, Theodore P. Hill·Dec 4, 2014SaveLearn
Big Data of Materials Science - Critical Role of the DescriptorStatistical learning of materials properties or functions so far starts with a largely silent, non-challenged step: the choice of the set of descriptive parameters (termed descriptor). However, when…Luca M. Ghiringhelli, Jan Vybiral, Sergey V. Levchenko et al.·Nov 27, 2014SaveLearn
Statistical criteria for possible indications of new physics in tritium β-decay spectrumThe method of quasi-optimal weights is applied to constructing (quasi-)optimal criteria for various anomalous contributions in experimental spectra. Anomalies in the spectra could indicate physics…Aleksei Lokhov, Fyodor Tkachov·Nov 23, 2014SaveLearn
Kernel density estimation of a multidimensional efficiency profileKernel density estimation is a convenient way to estimate the probability density of a distribution given the sample of data points. However, it has certain drawbacks: proper description of the…Anton Poluektov·Nov 20, 2014SaveLearn
Unification of field theory and maximum entropy methods for learning probability densitiesThe need to estimate smooth probability distributions (a.k.a. probability densities) from finite sampled data is ubiquitous in science. Many approaches to this problem have been described, but none…Justin B. Kinney·Nov 19, 2014SaveLearn
Identifying Coupling Structure in Complex Systems through the Optimal Causation Entropy PrincipleInferring the coupling structure of complex systems from time series data in general by means of statistical and information-theoretic techniques is a challenging problem in applied science. The…Jie Sun, Carlo Cafaro, Erik M. Bollt·Nov 19, 2014SaveLearn
Stable probability laws modeling random propagation times of waves crossing different mediaIn a communication scheme, there exist points at the transmitter and at the receiver where the wave is reduced to a finite set of functions of time which describe amplitudes and phases. For instance,…Bernard Lacaze·Nov 19, 2014SaveLearn
Given enough choice, simple local rules percolate discontinuouslyThere is still much to discover about the mechanisms and nature of discontinuous percolation transitions. Much of the past work considers graph evolution algorithms known as Achlioptas processes in…Alex Waagen, Raissa M. D'Souza·Nov 17, 2014SaveLearn
Measuring the performance of sensors that report uncertaintyWe provide methods to validate and compare sensor outputs, or inference algorithms applied to sensor data, by adapting statistical scoring rules. The reported output should either be in the form of a…A. D. Martin, T. C. A. Molteno, M. Parry·Nov 17, 2014SaveLearn
The significance of trends in long-term correlated recordsWe study the distribution P(x;α,L) of the relative trend x in long-term correlated records of length L that are characterized by a Hurst-exponent α between 0.5 and 1.5 obtained by DFA2. The…Araik Tamazian, Josef Ludescher, Armin Bunde·Nov 14, 2014SaveLearn
Uncertainty Quantification for Airfoil Icing using Polynomial Chaos ExpansionsThe formation and accretion of ice on the leading edge of a wing can be detrimental to airplane performance. Complicating this reality is the fact that even a small amount of uncertainty in the shape…Anthony M. DeGennaro, Clarence W. Rowley, Luigi Martinelli·Nov 13, 2014SaveLearn
Statistically optimal analysis of state-discretized trajectory data from multiple thermodynamic statesWe propose a discrete transition-based reweighting analysis method (dTRAM) for analyzing configuration-space-discretized simulation trajectories produced at different thermodynamic states…Hao Wu, Antonia S. J. S. Mey, Edina Rosta et al.·Nov 11, 2014SaveLearn
Linear processing of X-ray scattering patterns with missing pixelsX-ray scattering patterns from emerging single particle experiments have commonly many missing or contaminated pixels. This complicates different analyses including projections on Fourier or other…Aliakbar Jafarpour·Nov 8, 2014SaveLearn
Entropy of DifferenceHere, we propose a new tool to estimate the complexity of a time series: the entropy of difference (ED). The method is based solely on the sign of the difference between neighboring values in a time…Pasquale Nardone·Nov 3, 2014SaveLearn
Autocorrelation analysis for the unbiased determination of power-law exponents in single-quantum-dot blinkingWe present an unbiased and robust analysis method for power-law blinking statistics in the photoluminescence of single nano-emitters, allowing us to extract both the bright- and dark-state power-law…J. Houel, Q. T. Doan, T. Cajgfinger et al.·Oct 31, 2014SaveLearn
Fatigue Loads Estimation Through a Simple Stochastic ModelWe propose a procedure to estimate the fatigue loads on wind turbines, based in a recent framework used for reconstructing data series of stochastic properties measured at wind turbines. Through a…Pedro G. Lind, Matthias Wächter, Joachim Peinke·Oct 29, 2014SaveLearn
Breakdown of statistical inference from some random experimentsMany experiments can be interpreted in terms of random processes operating according to some internal protocols. When experiments are costly or cannot be repeated only one or a few finite samples are…Marian Kupczynski, Hans De Raedt·Oct 27, 2014SaveLearn
Target Density Normalization for Markov Chain Monte Carlo AlgorithmsTechniques for evaluating the normalization integral of the target density for Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms are described and tested numerically. It is assumed that the Markov Chain algorithm…Allen Caldwell, Chang Liu·Oct 27, 2014SaveLearn