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History and Philosophy of Physics papers — page 128

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Operational Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Axiomatics and Quantum Structures
The role of operational quantum mechanics, quantum axiomatics and quantum structures in general is presented as a contribution to a compendium on quantum physics, its history and philosophy.
Diederik AertsNov 15, 2008
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Bethe-Salpeter Equation -- The Origins
This article was originally written for scholarpedia.org. It describes the origins and related background of Bethe-Salpeter equation.
Edwin E. SalpeterNov 7, 2008
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Groping Toward Linear Regression Analysis: Newton's Analysis of Hipparchus' Equinox Observations
In February 1700, Isaac Newton needed a precise tropical year to design a new universal calendar that would supersede the Gregorian one. However, 17th-Century astronomers were uncertain of the…
Ari Belenkiy, Eduardo Vila EchagueOct 27, 2008
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Stirring Astronomy into Theology: Sir Isaac Newton on the Date of the Passion of Christ
It is known that Sir Isaac Newton suggested a date for the Passion of Christ in the posthumously published "Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel and the Apocalypse of St. John" (1733).…
Ari Belenkiy, Eduardo Vila EchagueOct 23, 2008
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Wolfgang Pauli and Modern Physics
In this written version of a pre-dinner-speech at the workshop "The Nature of Gravity" at ISSI I illustrate Pauli's science primarily with material that has not formally been published by…
Norbert StraumannOct 13, 2008
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The Pleiades: the celestial herd of ancient timekeepers
In the ancient Egypt seven goddesses, represented by seven cows, composed the celestial herd that provides the nourishment to her worshippers. This herd is observed in the sky as a group of stars,…
Amelia SparavignaOct 9, 2008
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Um Erro Com Um Seculo
The "rigid bodies" must be in Relativity the "deformable bodies" where the longitudinal waves propagate with the maximun speed c. In 1909, Born studied the "relativistic…
Antonio BrotasOct 3, 2008
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First echoes of relativity in Argentine astronomy
We consider the attitude of astronomers in Argentina in connection with the new problems posed by relativity theory, before and after GR was presented. We begin considering the sequence of…
Alejandro Gangui, Eduardo L. OrtizSep 17, 2008
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Gregor Wentzel
We review the life and remarkable contributions to Physics of Gregor Wentzel.
Peter G. O. Freund, Charles J. Goebel, Yoichiro Nambu et al.Sep 11, 2008
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Deconstructing the Quantum Debate: Toward a Non-Classical Epistemology
This article focuses on the problem of the authenticity of knowledge. It argues that the failure to integrate the observer into the act of observing is the main source of the disagreements and…
Gennady ShkliarevskySep 10, 2008
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Boltzmann's H-theorem, its limitations, and the birth of (fully) statistical mechanics
A comparison is made of the traditional Loschmidt (reversibility) and Zermelo (recurrence) objections to Boltzmann's H-theorem, and its simplified variant in the Ehrenfests' 1912 wind-tree…
Harvey R. Brown, Wayne MyrvoldSep 8, 2008
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Lord Rutherford of Nelson, His 1908 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and Why He Didn't Get a Second Prize
"I have dealt with many different transformations with various periods of time, but the quickest that I have met was my own transformation in one moment from a physicist to a chemist." Ernest…
C. JarlskogSep 4, 2008
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Effects and Propositions
The quantum logical and quantum information-theoretic traditions have exerted an especially powerful influence on Bub's thinking about the conceptual foundations of quantum mechanics. This paper…
William DemopoulosSep 3, 2008
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Dante, astrology and astronomy
Some verses of Dante Alighieri suggest his astrological sign and his probable date of birth. This leads us to reflect on the different methods, increasingly divergent, with which sciences as opposed…
Alejandro GanguiAug 26, 2008
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Objects In Telescope Are Farther Than They Appear: How diffraction tricked Galileo into mismeasuring the distances to the stars
Galileo determined distances to stars based on the assumption that stars were suns, the apparent sizes of stars as seen through his telescope, and basic geometry. However, the apparent sizes that he…
Christopher M. GraneyAug 25, 2008
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The Knight of the Quantum: On the Contribution of D.I. Blokhintsev to Quantum Physics
A concise survey of the contribution of D.I. Blokhintsev to the quantum physics, including solid state physics, physics of metals, surface physics, statistical physics and optics is given. These…
A. L. KuzemskyAug 21, 2008
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On the Advancements of Conformal Transformations and their Associated Symmetries in Geometry and Theoretical Physics
The historical developments of conformal transformations and symmetries are sketched: Their origin from stereographic projections of the globe, their blossoming in two dimensions within the field of…
H. A. KastrupAug 20, 2008
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A dialectical view of the variational principles of mechanics
The aim of this work is to provide a possible philosophical motivation to the variational principles of physics in general and a possible way to unify the axiomatizations of mechanics theories. The…
Qiuping A. WangAug 8, 2008
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The Einstein formula: E0=mc2 "Isn't the Lord laughing?"
The article traces the way Einstein formulated the relation between energy and mass in his work from 1905 to 1955. Einstein emphasized quite often that the mass m of a body is equivalent to its…
L. B. OkunAug 4, 2008
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Book Review: The Genesis of General Relativity
This is a review of the four-volume set entitled The Genesis of General Relativity edited by Juergen Renn, Springer, Dordrecht (2007)
Donald SalisburyJul 23, 2008
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Race for the Kerr field
Roy P. Kerr has discovered his celebrated metric 45 years ago, yet the problem to find a generalization of the Schwarzschild metric for a rotating mass was faced much earlier. Lense and Thirring,…
G. DautcourtJul 22, 2008
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Entropy, Probability and Dynamics
Boltzmann's struggle with a derivation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics is sketched. So is his first derivation of the connection between entropy and probability in 1877. Planck's…
E. G. D. CohenJul 8, 2008
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What is missing from Minkowski's "Raum und Zeit" lecture
This contribution tries to highlight the importance of Minkowski's ``Raum und Zeit'' lecture in a ``negative'' way, where negative is taken in the photographic sense of…
Thibault DamourJul 8, 2008
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An Essay on the Application of mathematical Analysis to the theories of Electricity and Magnetism
Green's famous essay (Nottingham, 1828), with which he introduced the potential function, was transcribed from its reprint in Crelle's Journal (1850-54), with several typographical…
George GreenJul 1, 2008
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The "inedito" of Einstein and his 1925 visit to Buenos Aires
In an article published by Mauricio Nirenstein in 1925, a few months after the visit of Albert Einstein to Argentina, the author wrote various comments and references relative to the scientist's…
Alejandro Gangui, Eduardo L. OrtizJun 30, 2008
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