LEAP: A Rapid Neural Surrogate of Multi-Fluid MHD at EuropaCharacterizing Europa's subsurface ocean is a key objective of the Europa Clipper and JUICE missions in the search for life beyond Earth. Although the ocean's induced magnetic field provides…Sachin Alexander Reddy, Abigail R. Azari, Corey J. Cochrane et al.·Jun 8, 2026SaveLearn
Are the Parker and Focused Transport Equations Equivalent for Galactic Cosmic Ray Modulation?The Parker transport equation (TPE) has been the equation of choice for the past 60 years in studies of galactic cosmic ray (GCR) modulation. Conversely, the focused TPE describes the same processes…J. P. van den Berg, N. E. Engelbrecht, R. D. Strauss·Jun 8, 2026SaveLearn
"Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs)", "Interaction Regions (IRs)" and "Stream Interaction Regions (SIRs)", which term should be used?We discuss the early history of quasiperiodic ~27-day recurrent geomagnetic activity starting with Maunder (1904, 1905), Chree (1913) and Bartels (1932, 1934), and the Bartels term…Bruce T. Tsurutani, Rajkumar Hajra, Gurbax S. Lakhina·Jun 6, 2026SaveLearn
Numerical Study of Alfven Wave-Energetic Particle Interaction in the Inner Van Allen Belt and predictions of Seismic-Related Energetic Proton Bursts for the IITMSAT MissionThe IIT Madras nano-satellite aims to investigate the science of energetic particle precipitation from the inner Van Allen radiation belt into the upper ionosphere as a potential precursor to…Snehanshu Maiti, Harishankar Ramachandran·Jun 5, 2026SaveLearn
Solar Cruiser Disturbance Torque Estimation and Predictive Momentum ManagementThis paper presents a novel disturbance-torque-estimation-augmented model predictive control (MPC) framework to perform momentum management on NASA's Solar Cruiser solar sail mission. Solar…Ping-Yen Shen, Ryan J. Caverly·Jun 4, 2026SaveLearn
Counterintuitive Magnetic Connectivity and Energetic Particle Flux Differences among Nearby Spacecraft During the 2023 February 24 Solar Energetic Particle EventFor solar energetic particles (SEPs), it is generally expected that observers magnetically closer to the eruption source region exhibit higher particle intensities than those poorly connected to the…Weihao Liu, Xianyu Liu, David Lario et al.·Jun 1, 2026SaveLearn
Areostationary Satellite Station Keeping Via a Natural Motion Trajectory and Predictive ControlAreostationary Mars orbit (AMO) satellites will play an important role in future expeditions to the Martian surface due to their strength as navigation and communication satellites. Perturbative…Nathan A. Gall, Robert D. Halverson, Ryan J. Caverly·May 30, 2026SaveLearn
An Enhanced "Flux-Corrected Transport"-Based Plasmasphere Refilling ModelA previously developed multi-ion, two-stream Flux-Corrected Transport (FCT) hydrodynamic model for plasmasphere refilling has been extended to incorporate self-consistent electron temperature…Jaden Fitzpatrick, Kausik Chatterjee, Naomi Maruyama·May 29, 2026SaveLearn
Advancing Heliophysics and Space Weather Modeling through Open ScienceWe present a community-wide effort to develop a strategy and action plan to advance heliophysics and space weather modeling through open science. While open science has the potential to enhance the…C. Corti, M. M. Kuznetsova, M. A. Reiss et al.·May 28, 2026SaveLearn
Storm-Time Cusp Precipitation: Insights from TRACERS Multi-Crossing ObservationsThe dayside cusp provides a direct pathway for solar wind plasma entry into the magnetosphere ionosphere system through magnetic reconnection. Using low altitude ion and electron measurements from…Shirsh Lata Soni, David M. Miles, Jasper Halekas et al.·May 28, 2026SaveLearn
Statistical study of energy dissipation in magnetic structures during turbulent reconnection in the Earth's magnetotailMagnetic reconnection is a ubiquitous plasma phenomenon that plays a critical role in particle heating and energization. During reconnection, the topology of magnetic field rearranges, depositing…Rachel Wang, Hantao Ji, Adam Robbins et al.·May 28, 2026SaveLearn
Optical and Radar Observations of the February 2025 Falcon 9 Upper-Stage Re-entryWe investigate the February 19, 2025, re-entry of a Falcon 9 upper stage using optical observations from 43 meteor cameras across central Europe together with radar detections of re-entry plasma…Juha Vierinen, Dabrowka Knach, Jorge L. Chau et al.·May 27, 2026SaveLearn
Estimating sub-frame time differences in camera image sequencesSome optical measurements require relative timing of intensity variations with accuracy much finer than the camera frame period. One motivating example is dynamic aurora, where different prompt…Juha Vierinen, Pavithiran Sivasothy, Björn Gustavsson·May 27, 2026SaveLearn
A Method for Imaging Interplanetary Magnetic Field Strength and OrientationMeasurements of interplanetary magnetic fields have long relied on spacecraft measurements, which provide only in-situ sampling and therefore cannot capture the global magnetic structure. Faraday…Chuanpeng Hou, Huirong Yan, Siqi Zhao·May 27, 2026SaveLearn
Aurora Hunter: A Two-Stage Framework for Probabilistic Visibility ForecastingForecasting aurora borealis visibility matters for space weather research and aurora tourism. Visibility at a site and night depends on two distinct factors: (1) whether aurora is physically…Zongyuan Ge, Chenwaner Zhang, Haoyang Li et al.·May 26, 2026SaveLearn
Evolution of Coronal Mass Ejection Properties through Superposed Epoch Analysis from 0.2 to 2.2 auCoronal mass ejections (CMEs) are explosive and energetic events consisting of strong magnetic structures erupting from the solar corona. We use superposed epoch analysis to investigate the general…Yakub Olufadi, Nada Al-Haddad, Florian Regnault et al.·May 25, 2026SaveLearn
Transport of electrons in tangled magnetic fieldsCosmic magnetic fields are typically inhomogeneous and often highly tangled due to large-scale plasma flows, turbulence, and instabilities. If the variations in the magnetic field occur on scales…Daniel Verscharen, Natasha Jeffrey, Anton Artemyev et al.·May 23, 2026SaveLearn
Conceptualizing and Defining the Circular Space EconomySpace faces significant sustainability issues including orbital congestion and debris accumulation. The continued growth of space operations, accelerated by advancements such as reusable launch…Jonas Bahlmann, Michael Saidani, Enrico Stoll et al.·May 22, 2026SaveLearn
C-SWIM: A Coupled Space Weather Impact Model for Satellite Fleet Vulnerability and Economic Loss Under a 1-in-100-Year Solar Energetic Particle EventModern economies depend critically on satellite infrastructure, yet the aggregate economic consequences of extreme solar energetic particle (SEP) events have not been rigorously assessed. This study…D. Bor, E. J. Oughton, R. S. Weigel et al.·May 21, 2026SaveLearn
Reassessment of Ionospheric Responses to GRB~221009A: Disentangling Instrumental, Illumination and Geophysical EffectsGamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have long been proposed to perturb Earth's ionosphere, with occasional reports of disruptions in ultra- and extremely-low-frequency radio signals. The exceptionally bright…Maosheng He, Quanhan Li, Shun-Rong Zhang et al.·May 19, 2026SaveLearn
1/f Noise in Synthetic and Solar Wind Data: Superposition PrinciplesThe interplanetary magnetic field exhibits a distinctive 1/f spectral density from frequencies of around [10-6]Hz to around [10-4]Hz, ranging from harmonics of the solar…Jiaming Wang, Francesco Pecora, Rohit Chhiber et al.·May 12, 2026SaveLearn
Secondary Electron-Only Reconnection Driven by Large Scale Ion-Coupled Reconnection and Electron Kelvin-Helmholtz Instabilities in Hybrid Simulations of Solar Wind TurbulenceElectron-only reconnection (EREC) is a magnetic reconnection regime occurring within subion-scale current sheets (CSs), exhibiting only electron jets, without any ion outflows. EREC has been first…Joaquín Espinoza-Troni, Giuseppe Arrò, Francesco Califano et al.·May 11, 2026SaveLearn
GIC--Related Observations During the May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm in the United StatesThe May 2024 geomagnetic storm was one of the most severe in the past 20~years. Understanding how large geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) impact geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) within…L. A. Wilkerson, R. S. Weigel, D. Thomas et al.·May 8, 2026SaveLearn
Whistler-mode waves in near-equatorial THEMIS measurements: reconstruction of magnetic field spectra from electric field and plasma measurementsElectromagnetic whistler-mode waves are a natural emission in the outer radiation belt and the Earth's magnetotail. The resonant interaction of these waves and energetic electrons are responsible for…Declan Frawley, Dmitri L. Vainchtein, Anton V. Artemyev et al.·May 4, 2026SaveLearn
Statistical analysis of solar energetic particle rise times using Earth and Mars observations and constraints on particle transport parametersThe propagation of solar energetic particles (SEPs) in interplanetary space is modulated by solar wind turbulence, which significantly influences particle diffusion and energy evolution through…Yihang Cao, Jingnan Guo, Yuming Wang et al.·May 2, 2026SaveLearn