The STONE curve: A ROC-derived model performance assessment toolA new model validation and performance assessment tool is introduced, the sliding threshold of observation for numeric evaluation (STONE) curve. It is based on the relative operating characteristic…Michael W. Liemohn, Abigail R. Azari, Natalia Ganushkina et al.·Apr 22, 2020SaveLearn
Ion-scale current structures in Short Large-Amplitude Magnetic StructuresWe investigate electric current structures in Short Large-Amplitude Magnetic Structures (SLAMS) in the terrestrial ion foreshock region observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. The…Shan Wang, Li-Jen Chen, Naoki Bessho et al.·Apr 22, 2020SaveLearn
Auroral diagnosis of solar wind interaction with Jupiter's magnetosphereAlthough mass and energy in Jupiter's magnetosphere mostly come from the innermost Galilean moon Io's volcanic activities, solar wind perturbations can play crucial roles in releasing the…Z. H. Yao, B. Bonfond, D. Grodent et al.·Apr 21, 2020SaveLearn
Resonant whistler-electron interactions: MMS observations vs. test-particle simulationSimultaneous observation of characteristic 3-dimensional (3D) signatures in the electron velocity distribution function (VDF) and intense quasi-monochromatic waves by the Magnetospheric Multiscale…Etienne Behar, Fouad Sahraoui, Laura Bercic·Apr 20, 2020SaveLearn
Data Driven Transfer Functions and Transmission Network Parameters for GIC ModellingTypical geomagnetically induced current (GIC) modelling assumes the induced quasi-DC current at a node in the transmission network is linearly related to the local geoelectric field by a pair of…M. J. Heyns, C. T. Gaunt, S. I. Lotz et al.·Apr 19, 2020SaveLearn
MMS SITL Ground Loop: Automating the burst data selection processGlobal-scale energy flow throughout Earth's magnetosphere (MSP) is catalyzed by processes that occur at Earth's magnetopause (MP). Magnetic reconnection is one process responsible for solar wind…Matthew R. Argall, Colin Small, Samantha Piatt et al.·Apr 15, 2020SaveLearn
Intermittency and Ion Temperature-Anisotropy Instabilities: Simulation and Magnetosheath ObservationWeakly collisional space plasmas are rarely in local thermal equilibrium and often exhibit non-Maxwellian electron and ion velocity distributions that lead to the growth of microinstabilities, that…Ramiz A. Qudsi, Riddhi Bandyopadhyay, Bennett A. Maruca et al.·Apr 13, 2020SaveLearn
In situ evidence of firehose instability in multiple reconnectionEnergy conversion via reconnecting current sheets is common in space and astrophysical plasmas. Frequently, current sheets disrupt at multiple reconnection sites, leading to the formation of plasmoid…Alexandra Alexandrova, Alessandro Retinò, Andrey Divin et al.·Apr 13, 2020SaveLearn
The Evolution of Inverted Magnetic Fields Through the Inner HeliosphereLocal inversions are often observed in the heliospheric magnetic field (HMF), but their origins and evolution are not yet fully understood.Parker Solar Probe has recently observed rapid, Alfvenic,…Allan Macneil, Mathew Owens, Robert Wicks et al.·Apr 11, 2020SaveLearn
The impact of CMEs on the critical frequency of F2-layer ionosphere (foF2)The ionospheric critical frequency (foF2) from ionosonde measurements at geographic high, middle, and low latitudes is analyzed with the occurrence of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in long term…Alene Seyoum, Nat Gopalswamy, Melessew Nigussie et al.·Apr 10, 2020SaveLearn
Particle Trapping in Axisymmetric Electron HolesElectron orbits are calculated in solitary two-dimensional axisymmetric electrostatic potential structures, typical of plasma electron holes, in order to establish the conditions for the particles to…I H Hutchinson·Apr 8, 2020SaveLearn
Suprathermal Proton Spectra at Interplanetary Shocks in Hybrid SimulationsInterplanetary shocks are one of the proposed sources of suprathermal ion populations (i.e., ions with energies of a few times the solar wind energy). Here, we present results from a series of…Matthew A. Young, Bernard J. Vasquez, Harald Kucharek et al.·Apr 7, 2020SaveLearn
Parker Solar Probe observations of proton beams simultaneous with ion-scale wavesParker Solar Probe (PSP), NASA's latest and closest mission to the Sun, is on a journey to investigate fundamental enigmas of the inner heliosphere. This paper reports initial observations made by…J. L. Verniero, D. E. Larson, R. Livi et al.·Apr 6, 2020SaveLearn
Dependence of kinetic plasma waves on ion-to-electron mass ratio and light-to-Alfv\'en speed ratioThe magnetization | e|/ωe is an important parameter in plasma astrophysics, where e and ωe are the electron gyro-frequency and…Daniel Verscharen, Tulasi N. Parashar, S. Peter Gary et al.·Apr 3, 2020SaveLearn
The Solar-wind with Hydrogen Ion Exchange and Large-scale Dynamics (SHIELD) model: A Self-Consistent Kinetic-MHD Model of the Outer HeliosphereNeutral hydrogen has been shown to greatly impact the plasma flow in the heliopshere and the location of the heliospheric boundaries. We present the results of the Solar-wind with Hydrogen Ion…Adam T. Michael, Merav Opher, Gabor Toth et al.·Apr 2, 2020SaveLearn
Kinetic turbulence in space plasmas observed in the near-Earth and near-Sun solar windTurbulence develops in any stressed flow when the scales of the forcing are much larger than those of the dissipation. In neutral fluids, it consists of chaotic motions in physical space but with a…Olga Alexandrova, Vamsee Krishna Jagarlamudi, Claudia Rossi et al.·Apr 2, 2020SaveLearn
Effects of Radial Distances on Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes in the Solar WindSmall-scale magnetic flux ropes (SFRs), in the solar wind, have been studied for decades. Statistical analysis utilizing various in situ spacecraft measurements is the main observational approach…Yu Chen, Qiang Hu·Mar 23, 2020SaveLearn
Narrowband large amplitude whistler-mode waves in the solar wind and their association with electrons: STEREO waveform capture observationsLarge amplitude whistler waves at frequencies of 0.2 to 0.4 times electron cyclotron frequency are frequently observed in the solar wind. The waves are obliquely propagating close to the resonance…C. A. Cattell, B. Short, A. W. Breneman et al.·Mar 21, 2020SaveLearn
Dependence of Solar Wind Proton Temperature on the Polarisation Properties of Alfv\'enic Fluctuations at Ion-kinetic ScalesWe use fluctuating magnetic helicity to investigate the polarisation properties of Alfv\'enic fluctuations at ion-kinetic scales in the solar wind as a function of βp, the ratio of proton…L. D. Woodham, R. T. Wicks, D. Verscharen et al.·Mar 20, 2020SaveLearn
Forecasting the Ambient Solar Wind with Numerical Models. II. An Adaptive Prediction System for Specifying Solar Wind Speed Near the SunThe ambient solar wind flows and fields influence the complex propagation dynamics of coronal mass ejections in the interplanetary medium and play an essential role in shaping Earth's space weather…Martin A. Reiss, Peter J. MacNeice, Karin Muglach et al.·Mar 20, 2020SaveLearn
Sun-Heliosphere Observation-based Ionization Rates ModelThe solar wind (SW) and the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation modulate fluxes of interstellar and heliospheric particles inside the heliosphere both in time and in space. Understanding this…Justyna M. Sokół, D. J. McComas, M. Bzowski et al.·Mar 20, 2020SaveLearn
Automatic Region Identification over the MMS Orbit by Partitioning n-T spaceSpace plasma data analysis and mission operations are aided by the categorization of plasma data between different regions of the magnetosphere and identification of the boundary regions between…D. da Silva, A. Barrie, J. Shuster et al.·Mar 13, 2020SaveLearn
Radial Evolution of Magnetic Field Fluctuations in an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection SheathThe sheaths of compressed solar wind that precede interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) commonly display large-amplitude magnetic field fluctuations. As ICMEs propagate radially from the Sun,…S. W. Good, M. Ala-Lahti, E. Palmerio et al.·Mar 12, 2020SaveLearn
Benchmarking Forecasting Models for Space Weather DriversSpace weather indices are commonly used to drive operational forecasts of various geospace systems, including the thermosphere for mass density and satellite drag. The drivers serve as proxies for…Richard J. Licata, W. Kent Tobiska, Piyush M. Mehta·Mar 10, 2020SaveLearn
Localized magnetic field structures and their boundaries in the near-Sun solar wind from Parker Solar Probe measurementsOne of the discoveries made by Parker Solar Probe during first encounters with the Sun is the ubiquitous presence of relatively small-scale structures standing out as sudden deflections of the…V. Krasnoselskikh, A. Larosa, O. Agapitov et al.·Mar 9, 2020SaveLearn