Quantum oscillation fingerprints of altermagnetism in hole-doped RuO2

Abstract

Altermagnetism, characterized by its ferromagnetism-like spin-splitting band structure and antiferromagnetism-like magnetic order, has garnered considerable attention recently. Although hole doping may promote magnetism in the debated altermagnet candidate RuO2, the evolution of its electronic and magnetic properties under hole doping remains poorly understood. Based on first-principles calculations, we employ quantum oscillations to study hole-doped RuO2. We find that hole doping can enhance spin splitting and reconstruct the Fermi surface in RuO2, which is revealed by the angle-dependent quantum oscillation frequency. By tracking a pair of closed Fermi-surface pockets, we identify a meaningful correlation between the magnetic moment of Ru and a quantum-oscillation-based signature of spin splitting. This correlation follows a quasi-linear trend over a broad doping range, which can be captured by a minimal two-dimensional d-wave altermagnetic model. In addition, the hole-doped RuO2 exhibits a transition from a nonmagnetic to an altermagnetic state via an intermediate state. The quasi-linear correlation through quantum oscillation and the distinct quantum oscillation frequency of the stable altermagnetic state can serve as useful signatures for identifying the altermagnetic state in RuO2. Our results provide a comprehensive framework for understanding hole-doped RuO2, offering new insights into altermagnetic transitions and their identification.