Phase Transitions and Order Parameters in Correlation Matrices: A Wishart-Ensemble Perspective on the Largest Eigenvalue

Abstract

We investigate the properties of the largest eigenvalue of correlation matrices within the framework of Wishart ensembles. In this work, we propose the largest eigenvalue as an effective empirical order parameter for detecting phase transitions in chaotic and spin systems, drawing an analogy between its derivatives and thermodynamic response functions derived from the free energy, however not necessarily linked to a critical divergence originally observed in the context of phase transitions theory.