From Exponential to Gaussian Tails: Fractal Wavefront Scaling and the $κ$-Weibull Distribution at Phase Transitions

Abstract

The paper examines the features of critical evolution in an active medium modeled by a cellular automaton. The system evolves according to stochastic rules, exhibiting two qualitatively distinct dynamical regimes: one of fading activity and another of all-filling activity waves. Each regime is characterized by its own fractal dimension and fluctuation statistics, both of which are analyzed in detail. Within the critical interval, the system displays a nontrivial fractal dimension and a fluctuation distribution that bridges the two regimes. This bridging behavior arises because, in the critical interval, the dynamics are governed by avalanches.