Delta-Function Kicks are Optimal for Rapidly Driven Inertial Stochastic Systems

Abstract

Optimal control helps guide our understanding of stochastic thermodynamics, leading to universal properties and geometric formulations. Among the initially surprising properties of optimal control, not only discrete jumps but delta function kicks have been shown to be necessary to minimize dissipation in specific example systems. Using a short-time approximation, I show that delta-function kicks are universally optimal for minimizing dissipation in inertial stochastic systems, including active and quantum dynamics under general constraints. Fundamentally stemming from basic kinematics, delta-function kicks are required to achieve linear scaling of work with short protocol durations compared to the quadratic scaling without the kicks. This implies a diverging (infinite) ratio of saved work in the short-time limit.