Exploring Mixed Reality for Engagement in Robotics: A Comparison of Robot Control Methods

Abstract

This paper presents a Mixed Reality (MR) robotics experience that provides an accessible introduction to interacting with a physical robot. The application combines a TurtleBot with a virtual animal-tending activity and three control methods: Joystick, Waypoint, and Path-Drawing. A mixed-methods user study with 10 participants investigated changes in robotics interest and confidence following the experience and how the control methods influenced engagement, workload, and preference. Confidence increased following the experience, with the exploratory analysis indicating a significant pre--post difference, while the increase in interest was not statistically significant. The control methods produced clear differences in perceived workload and ease of use, with Path-Drawing generally more demanding and difficult to use. Joystick was preferred by eight of ten participants and was associated with better perceived performance and lower frustration. However, no statistically significant differences were detected in the other engagement dimensions, suggesting that the most preferred method was not necessarily more engaging across all aspects of the experience. These findings highlight the importance of considering both usability and engagement when designing how users interact with robots in introductory MR experiences.