5d SCFTs and Intersection Theory of Generalized Toric Threefolds

Abstract

Five-dimensional superconformal field theories are intrinsically strongly coupled fixed points that can be realized as M-theory on local Calabi-Yau threefolds with canonical singularities. The low-energy effective theory on their extended Coulomb branch is governed by a cubic prepotential, determined by the triple intersection numbers of divisors in the resolved geometry. For toric threefolds, dual to 5-brane webs, these numbers are computed combinatorially from the toric polygon. However, no such description has been available for generalized toric polygons (GTPs), dual to 5-brane webs with 7-branes, since the corresponding generalized toric Calabi-Yau threefolds are generally non-toric. We show that the 7-brane data are encoded by additional lines in the GTP, which correspond to non-toric, non-compact divisors that we call exuberant divisors. Building on a local analysis of these divisors and on the associativity of the intersection product, we develop an algorithm that computes the triple intersection numbers, and hence the prepotential, directly from the combinatorial data of the GTP. We illustrate it in examples and provide a Mathematica code implementation of the intersection algorithm.