Parity effect in a small superconducting grain: A rigorous result
Guang-Shan Tian, Lei-Han Tang
Abstract
The parity effect in an ultra-small superconducting grain is examined. By applying a generalized version of Lieb's spin-reflection positivity technique, we show rigorously that the parity parameter ΔP is nonvanishing in such a system. A positive lower bound for ΔP is derived.
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