Josephson Current Flowing in Cyclically Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensates
Abstract
The Josephson effect in cyclically coupled Bose-Einstein condensates is studied theoretically. We analyze the simultaneous Gross-Pitaevskii equations with coupling terms between adjacent condensates. Depending on the initial relative phases between condensates, Josephson current flows cyclically to make a quantized vortex. Reducing the coupling between condensates changes the motion from periodic to chaotic, thus suppressing the cyclic current. The relation to the Kibble-Zurek mechanism is discussed.
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