Light as Caused by Neither by Bound States nor by Neutrinos

Abstract

Participants of this workshop pursue the old Neutrino Theory of Light vigorously. Other physicists have long ago abandoned it, because it lacks gauge invariance. In the recent Quantum Induction (QI), all basic Bose fields ${\mathcal B}^{P}$ are local limits of quantum fields composed of Dirac's $Ψ$ (for leptons and quarks). The induced field equations of QI even determine all the interactions of those ${\mathcal B}^{P}$. Thus a precise gauge invariance and other physical consequences are unavoidable. They include the absence of divergencies, the exclusion of Pauli terms, a prediction of the Higgs mass and a `minimal' Quantum Gravity. As we find in this paper, however, photons can't be bound states while Maxwell's potential $A_μ$ contains all basic Dirac fields except those of neutrinos.