Microscopic Pictures of Dynamical Symmetry Breaking in Supersymmetric $SU(n_c)$, $USp(2n_c)$ and $SO(n_c)$ Theories

Abstract

Several distinct mechanisms of confinement and dynamical symmetry breaking (DSB) are identified, in a class of supersymmetric $SU(n_c)$, $USp(2n_c)$ and $SO(n_c)$ gauge theories. In some of the vacua, the magnetic monopoles carrying nontrivial flavor quantum numbers condense, causing confinement and symmetry breaking simultaneously. In more general classes of vacua, however, the effective low-energy degrees of freedom are found to be constituents of the monopoles - dual (magnetic) quarks. These magnetic quarks condense and give rise to confinement and DSB. We find two more important classes of vacua, one is in various universality classes of nontrivial superconformal theories (SCFT), another in free-magnetic phase.