Phantom cosmology as a scattering process

Abstract

We study the general chaotic features of dynamics of the phantom field modelled in terms of a single scalar field conformally coupled to gravity. We demonstrate that the dynamics of the FRW model with dark energy in the form of phantom field can be regarded as a scattering process of two types: multiple chaotic and classical non-chaotic. It depends whether the spontaneously symmetry breaking takes place. In the first class of models with the spontaneously symmetry breaking the dynamics is similar to the Yang-Mills theory. We find the evidence of a fractal structure in the phase space of initial conditions. We observe similarities to the phenomenon of a multiple scattering process around the origin. In turn the class of models without the spontaneously symmetry breaking can be described as the classical non-chaotic scattering process and the methods of symbolic dynamic are also used in this case. We show that the phantom cosmology can be treated as a simple model with scattering of trajectories which character depends crucially on a sign of a square of mass. We demonstrate that there is a possibility of chaotic behavior in the flat Universe with a conformally coupled phantom field in the system considered on non-zero energy level. We obtain that the acceleration is a generic feature in the considered model without the spontaneously symmetry breaking. We observe that the effective EOS coefficient oscillates and then approach to $w=-1$.