Ion-induced effects in GEM & GEM/MHSP gaseous photomultipliers for the UV and the visible spectral range
A. Breskin, D. Mormann, A. Lyashenko, R. Chechik, F. D. Amaro, J. M. Maia, J. F. C. A. Veloso, J. M. F. dos Santos
Abstract
We report on the progress in the study of cascaded GEM and GEM/MHSP gas avalanche photomultipliers operating at atmospheric pressure, with CsI and bialkali photocathodes. They have single-photon sensitivity, ns time resolution and good localization properties. We summarize operational aspects and results, with the highlight of a high-gain stable gated operation of a visible-light device. Of particular importance are the results of a recent ion-backflow reduction study in different cascaded multipliers, affecting the detector's stability and the photocathode's liftime. We report on the significant progress in ion-blocking and provide first results on bialkali-photocathode aging under gas multiplication.
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