September 2000 arXiv papers — page 10

Christof Monz, Maarten de Rijke

Coping with ambiguity has recently received a lot of attention in natural language processing. Most work focuses on the semantic representation of ambiguous expressions. In this paper we complement this work in two ways. First, we provide an entailment relation for a language with ambiguous expressions. Second, we give a sound and complete tableaux calculus

Marco Aiello, Christof Monz, Leon Todoran

We present a framework to analyze color documents of complex layout. In addition, no assumption is made on the layout. Our framework combines in a content-driven bottom-up approach two different sources of information: textual and spatial. To analyze the text, shallow natural language processing tools, such as taggers and partial parsers, are used. To infer

X. Wan

Recent high transverse field muon spin relaxation (TF-uSR) experiments performed on Bi2212 single crystals show that the phase parameter extracted from individual histogram, an indication of the angle between the muon's initial polarization direction and the detector direction, is temperature dependent. This phase shift effect, probably due to the electr

Alejandro Cabo

Heat transfer properties in non-reciprocal systems are discussed. An ideal experiment employing microwave or optical isolators is considered in order to investigate the possibility for a spontaneous transfer of energy between two black bodies at common temperatures. Under the validity of the adopted assumptions on the examined physical system, the effect app

D. Niebieskikwiat, A. V. Silhanek, L. Civale, G. Nieva

We report measurements of the irreversible magnetization M_i of a large number of YBa_2Cu_3O_7 single crystals with columnar defects (CD). Some of them exhibit a maximum in M_i when the density of vortices equals the density of tracks, at temperatures above 40K. We show that the observation of these matching field effects is constrained to those crystals whe

A. B. Harris, A. Aharony, O. Entin-Wohlman, I. Ya. Korenblit

Sr_2Cu_3O_4Cl_2 is an antiferromagnet consisting of weakly coupled CuO planes which comprise two weakly interacting antiferromagnetic subsystems, I and II, which order at respective temperatures T_I \approx 390K and T_{II} \approx 40K. Except asymptotically near the ordering temperature, these systems are good representations of the two-dimensional quantum s

Daniel L. Blair, Nathan W. Mueggenburg, Adam H. Marshall, Heinrich M. Jaeger

We present a systematic investigation of the distribution of normal forces at the boundaries of static packings of spheres. A new method for the efficient construction of large hexagonal-close-packed crystals is introduced and used to study the effect of spatial ordering on the distribution of forces. Under uniaxial compression we find that the form for the

Qiang-Hua Wang, A. V. Balatsky

The coupling between superconductors and a quantum critical liquid that is nearly superconducting provides natural interpretation for the Josephson effect over unexpectedly long junctions, and the remarkable stripe-spacing dependence of the critical temperature in LSCO and YBCO superconductors.

Herbert Kroemer

We analyze the current dynamics of a superlattice Bloch oscillator under conditions where, in addition to the dc bias field causing a negative differential ac conductivity, a similarly strong ac field is present, at a frequency somewhat below the Bloch frequency associated with the dc field. The differential conductivity at the ac drive frequency is then neg

Jurij Smakov, Ivar Martin, Alexander V. Balatsky

We propose a set of scanning tunneling microscopy experiments in which the surface of superconductor is scanned by a superconducting tip. Potential capabilities of such experimental setup are discussed. Most important anticipated results of such an experiment include the position-resolved measurement of the superconducting order parameter and the possibility

Philip W. Anderson, F. Duncan M. Haldane

We point out that the quasiparticle spectrum of the Landau Fermi liquid theory has an extra $Z_2$ symmetry, local in momentum space, which is not generic to the Hamiltonian with interactions. Thus the Fermi liquid is in this sense a (quantum) zero-temperature critical point.

M. Calame, S. E. Korshunov, Ch. Leemann, P. Martinoli

The linear dynamic response of the two-dimensional (2D) vortex medium in ultrathin YBa_2Cu_3O_7 films was studied by measuring their ac sheet impedance Z over a broad range of frequencies ω. With decreasing temperature the dissipative component of Z exhibits, at a temperature T*(ω) well above the melting temperature of a 2D vortex crystal, a crossover from a

Pochung Chen, C. Piermarocchi, L. J. Sham

We use the spin-polarized excitons in a single quantum dot to design optical controls for basic operations in quantum computing. We examine the ultrafast nonlinear optical processes required and use the coherent nonlinear optical responses to deduce if such processes are physically reasonable. The importance and construction of an entangled state of polarize

D. L. Feng, D. H. Lu, K. M. Shen, C. Kim

We report that the doping and temperature dependence of photoemission spectra near the Brillouin zone boundary of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta exhibit unexpected sensitivity to the superfluid density. In the superconducting state, the photoemission peak intensity as a function of doping scales with the superfluid density and the condensation energy. As a function of

M. Buchanan, S. U. Egelhaaf, M. E. Cates

Contact experiments have been performed between an onion lamellar phase and brine, in the SDS/octanol/brine system. Using video microscopy we have studied the nonequilibrium behaviour of the swelling and dissolution process of onions. Experiments at T=20degC and 30degC showed that temperature has a strong effect on their bahaviour. At low temperature onions

Timo Aspelmeier, Martin Huthmann, Annette Zippelius

Free cooling of granular materials is analyzed on the basis of a pseudo-Liouville operator. Exchange of translational and rotational energy requires surface roughness for spherical grains, but occurs for non-spherical grains, like needles, even if they are perfectly smooth. Based on the assumption of a homogeneous cooling state, we derive an approximate anal

J. Reijniers, F. M. Peeters

The Hall and magnetoresistance of a two dimensional electron gas subjected to a magnetic field barrier parallel to the current direction is studied as function of the applied perpendicular magnetic field. The recent experimental results of Nogaret {\em et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 84}, 2231 (2000)] for the magneto- and Hall resistance are explained using a

S. A. Shevlin, A. J. Fisher, E. Hernandez

We perform ab initio plane wave supercell density functional calculations on three candidate models of the (3 x 2) reconstruction of the beta-SiC(001) surface. We find that the two-adlayer asymmetric-dimer model (TAADM) is unambiguously favored for all reasonable values of Si chemical potential. We then use structures derived from the TAADM parent to model t

Palash Das, Jayanta. K. Bhattacharjee

The recent accurate measurements of Berg, Moldover and Zimmerli of the viscoelastic effect near the critical point of xenon has shown that the scale factor involved in the frequency scaling is about twice the scale factor obtained theoretically. We show that this discrepancy is a consequence of using first order perturbation theory. Including two loop contri

M. Buchanan, L. Starrs, S. U. Egelhaaf, M. E. Cates

The relaxation following a temperature quench of two-phase (lamellar and sponge phase) and three-phase (lamellar, sponge and micellar phase) samples, has been studied in an SDS/octanol/brine system. In the three-phase case we have observed samples that are initially mainly sponge phase with lamellar and micellar phase on the top and bottom respectively. Upon

Michael Niemetz, Hubert Kerscher, Wilfried Schoepe

Superfluid flow around an oscillating microsphere is investigated at temperatures down to 25 mK. Stable laminar flow below a critical velocity and turbulence at large drives are found to be separated below 0.5 K by an intermediate range of driving forces where the flow is unstable, intermittently switching between laminar and turbulent phases. We have record

Boaz Kol, Amnon Aharony

Cylindrical lattice diffusion limited aggregation (DLA), with a narrow width N, is solved for site-sticking conditions using a Markovian matrix method (which was previously developed for the bond-sticking case). This matrix contains the probabilities that the front moves from one configuration to another at each growth step, calculated exactly by solving the

Yusuke Kato

We study impurity effects in vortex core of two-dimensional moderately clean su perconductors within the quasiclassical theory. The impurity scattering rate $\G amma(E)$ of the Andreev bound states in vortex core with +1 vorticity of p-wav e superconductors with ${\mib d}=\hat{\mib z}(p_x+\iu p_y)$ is suppre ssed, compared to the normal state scattering rate

Boris Svistunov

We present a qualitative (and quantitative, at the level of estimates) analysis of the ordering kinetics in a strongly non-equilibrium state of a weakly interacting Bose gas, trapped with an external potential. At certain conditions, the ordering process is predicted to be even more rich than in the homogeneous case. Like in the homogeneous case, the most ch

Yashodhan Hatwalne, Sriram Ramaswamy

We analyse the effect of thermal fluctuations on the elastic constants of the decoupled lamellar phase of tethered, crystalline membranes. Using a momentum-shell renormalization group technique, we show that the smectic-A -like compressional elastic constant, the in-plane Lamé coefficients, and the cross-coupling elastic constant vanish as (\ln q)^{- a} wher

P. Quemerais, S. Fratini

On examining the stability of a Wigner Crystal (WC) in an ionic dielectric, two competitive effects due to Polaron formation are found to be important: (i) the screening of the Coulomb forces which destabilizes the crystal, compensated by (ii) the increase of the carrier mass (polaron mass). The quantum melting of the Polaron Wigner Crystal (PWC) is examined

Marco Picco, Felix Ritort, Marta Sales

The use of parameters measuring order-parameter fluctuations (OPF) has been encouraged by the recent results reported in \cite{RS} which show that two of these parameters, $G$ and $G_c$, take universal values in the $\lim_{T\to 0}$. In this paper we present a detailed study of parameters measuring OPF for two mean-field models with and without time-reversal

Takashi Ichinomiya

The theory of impurities in excitonic insulator is investigated in the light of the recent experiments on hexaborides. First, we study the bound state around the impurity and find that the bound state emerges when ${Re}Δ$ is positive. Second, we study the continuum state using Abrikosov-Gor'kov's approach. We find that the energy gap is reduced stron

Stacy McGaugh

I describe the disk mass-rotation velocity relation which underpins the familiar luminosity-linewidth relation. Continuity of this relation favors nearly maximal stellar mass-to-light ratios. This contradicts the low mass-to-light ratios implied by the lack of surface brightness dependence in the same relation.

Gustavo Medina-Tanco

From the analysis of AGASA data above $4 \times 10^{19}$ eV, we show that the ultra-high energy cosmic rays flux is neither purely isotropic, nor reflects the expected anisotropy from a pure source distribution that maps large scale structure in the local universe. The arrival distribution seems to be the result of a mixture of fluxes (e.g., dark matter halo

Patricia M. Knezek

We have observed the closest known large, low surface brightness (LSB) galaxy, UGC 2302, with HST using WFPC2 and the F555W and F814W filters. UGC 2302 is a typical large LSB galaxy, and thus represents a good choice for detailed stellar population studies. Large LSBs represent an extreme star formation environment, both locally within their disks, and on a

P. M. Phillips, M. A. Norbury, L. V. E. Koopmans, I. W. A. Browne

High resolution MERLIN observations of a newly-discovered four-image gravitational lens system, B0128+437, are presented. The system was found after a careful re-analysis of the entire CLASS dataset. The MERLIN observations resolve four components in a characteristic quadruple-image configuration; the maximum image separation is 542 mas and the total flux de

M. Bureau, Y. Copin, E. K. Verolme, P. T. de Zeeuw

We briefly describe the SAURON project, aimed at determining the intrinsic shape and internal dynamics of spheroids. We focus here on the ability of SAURON to identify gaseous and stellar disks and to measure their morphology and kinematics. We illustrate some of our results with complete maps of NGC3377, NGC3623, and NGC4365.

James Binney

In the solar-neighbourhood, older stars have larger random velocities than younger ones. It is argued that the increase in velocity dispersion with time is predominantly a gradual process rather than one induced by discrete events such as minor mergers. Ephemeral spiral arms seem to be the fundamental drivers of disk heating, although scattering by giant mol

Adrianne Slyz, Julien Devriendt, Andreas Burkert, Kevin Prendergast

The Lin and Pringle model (1987) of galactic disk formation postulates that if star formation proceeds on the same timescale as the viscous redistribution of mass and angular momentum in disk galaxies, then the stars attain an exponential density profile. Their claim is that this result holds generally: regardless of the disk galaxy's initial gas and dar

Daniel J. Rolfe, Timothy M. C. Abbott, Carole A. Haswell

Quiescent Doppler tomography of the newly discovered deeply-eclipsing SU UMa system IY UMa reveals properties of the region where the accretion stream from the donor impacts the edge of the disc. A very strong bright spot is produced and the Keplerian disc emission in the impact region is disrupted or obscured. The differing properties of Halpha, Hbeta and H

I. Bombaci, A. V. Thampan, B. Datta

For a new equation of state of strange quark matter, we construct equilibrium sequences of rapidly rotating strange stars in general relativity. The sequences are the normal and supramassive evolutionary sequences of constant rest mass. We also calculate equilibrium sequences for a constant value of $Ω$ corresponding to the most rapidly rotating pulsar PSR 1

Jack W. Sulentic, Paolo Marziani, Tomaz Zwitter, Deborah Dultzin-Hacyan

New observations of the broad-line quasar PG1416-129 reveal a large decline in its continuum luminosity over the past ten years. In response to the continuum change the ``classical'' broad component of Hbeta has almost completely disappeared (a x10 decrease in flux). In its place there remains a redshifted/redward asymmetric very broad emission line

A. P. Whitworth, D. Ward-Thompson

We propose a new analytic model for the initial conditions of protostellar collapse in relatively isolated regions of star formation. The model is non-magnetic, and is based on a Plummer-like radial density profile as its initial condition. It fits: the observed density profiles of pre-stellar cores and Class 0 protostars; recent observations in pre-stellar

A. R. Crusius-Waetzel, T. Kunzl, H. Lesch

We develop a model for the infrared, optical and soft X-ray emission of the Crab pulsar in terms of anisotropic synchrotron emission by relativistic particles in an outer gap scenario with a single energy distribution. It is shown that such a distribution is naturally produced in an efficient pair cascade and that the energy of the primary particles are limi

Masao Sako, Steven M. Kahn, Frits Paerels, Duane A. Liedahl

We present a preliminary analysis of the first high-resolution X-ray spectrum of a Seyfert 2 galaxy, Mkn 3, obtained with the High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer onboard the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The high-energy spectrum (lambda < 4 Ang) is dominated by reflection of the AGN continuum radiation in a cold optically thick medium and contains bri

Giorgio Matt, G. C. Perola, F. Fiore, M. Guainazzi

The Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 766 has been observed by BeppoSAX on May 1997. The source was fairly variable, both in flux and spectrum, during the observation. The variability is the largest around 2 keV, possibly due to variations in the warm absorber properties. An oxygen line is clearly detected, at least in the first part of the observation. An ed

A. Bragaglia, E. Carretta, R. G. Gratton, M. Tosi

We present an analysis of high dispersion spectra (R~40000) of three red clump stars in the old open cluster NGC 6819. The spectra were obtained with SARG, the high dispersion spectrograph of the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo. The spectra were analyzed using both equivalent widths measured with an automatic procedure, and comparisons with synthetic spectra. N

Yasmin Friedmann, Tsvi Piran

We introduce a simple model for the formation of voids. In this model the underdensity of galaxies in voids is the product of two factors. The first arises from a gravitational expansion of the negative density perturbation. The second is due to biasing: galaxies are less likely to form in an underdense region. One feature of the model is an upper cutoff in

Shiho Kobayashi

The standard model of GRB afterglows assumes that relativistically expanding material is decelerating due to interaction with the surrounding medium. The afterglows are well described by the synchrotron radiation from a forward shock, while the strong optical flash associated with GRB 990123 can be attributed to the emission from a reverse shock. We give a d

Mamiko Nishiuchi, Jun Yokogawa, Katsuji Koyama, John P. Hughes

We report results from an ASCA X-ray study of DEM L316, an emission nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) consisting of two closely-spaced supernova remnants (SNRs). The SIS image shows separate X-ray sources located at the positions of the two radio- and optically-emitting SNR shells, 0547$-$69.7A and 0547$-$69.7B (hereafter, shell A and B). The indivi

P. Colin, V. Avila-Reese, O. Valenzuela

High-resolution cosmological N-body simulations were performed in order to study the substructure of Milky Way-like galactic halos and the density profiles of halos in a warm dark matter scenario. The results favor this scenario with respect to the cold dark matter one.

Chris Churchill, Rick Mellon, Jane Charlton, Buell Januzzi

We present 40 quasar absorption line systems at intermediate redshifts (z~1), with focus on one of the most kinematically complex known, as examples of how the unique capabilities of space-based and ground-based facilities can be combined to glean much broader insights into astrophysical systems.

V. Avila-Reese, C. Firmani

We highlight some results from disk galaxy evolution models conceived within a cosmological context. When disk mergers and strong disk-halo feedback are omitted, several properties and correlations of disk galaxies seem to be related to initial conditions given by the CDM model, for example, the intensive galaxy properties, the disk Hubble sequence, and the

Chris Churchill

The kinematics of metal-enriched, low-ionization gas at large galactocentric distances are compared to the host galaxy properties and are discussed in the context of global galaxy evolution.

Minfeng Gu, Xinwu Cao, D. R. Jiang, Y. Xu

The low frequency radio luminosity is believed to be an indicator of jet power, while the optical/UV emission is probably from accretion discs in the nuclei of steep-spectrum radio quasars. We present a correlation between the ratio of radio to optical luminosities and the continuum spectral index in blue/UV bands, which might indicate that the continuum sha

P. Ruiz-Lapuente, R. Canal

The present cosmic rate of Type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) suggests that about 6% of all stars in binary systems with primaries in the initial mass range $3-9\ M\sun$ end up as SNeIa. If that is confirmed, the unavoidable conclusion is that SNeIa can only be explained by the single degenerate scenario. At most 1% of stars in binary systems in the above range end

P. Ruiz-Lapuente, M. Casse, E. Vangioni-Flam

The $γ$-ray background from supernovae is calculated on the basis of the reconstructed efficiency of supernova explosions from star formation at various redshifts. The calculations presented here show how Type Ia SN rates compatible with the results of optical supernova searches give a background emission in the MeV range that can explain the extragalactic e

Valerio Toledano-Laredo

Let g be a complex, simple Lie algebra and t a Cartan subalgebra of g. A new unitary, flat connection on t with values in any finite-dimensional g-module V and simple poles along the root hyperplanes was recently introduced by J. Millson and myself. This connection depends upon a complex parameter h and I conjectured that its monodromy is equivalent to the q

Claudio Coriano

We analize the renormalization group equations of supersymmetric QCD with N=1 for the evolution of parton distributions. For this purpose we develope a simple recursive algorithm in x-space to include both regular regions and supersymmetric regions in the evolution in the step approximation. Supersymmetric distributions are generated within a radiative model

D. Metaxas

I consider quantum field theories that admit charged non-topological solitons of the Q-ball type, and use the fact that in a first-order cosmological phase transition, below the critical temperature, there is a value of the soliton charge above which the soliton becomes unstable and expands, converting space to the true vacuum, much like a critical bubble in

Feng Yuan, Kuang-Ta Chao

We present a calculation for the polarizations of $J/ψ$ and $ψ&#39;$ produced in the hadron collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron. Various color octet channels including ${}^1S_0^{(8)}$, ${}^3P_J^{(8)}$, and ${}^3S_1^{(8)}$ as well as contributions from $χ_{cJ}$ decays are considered in the $k_t$ factorization approach. We find that in a rather wide range of t

Michael D. Seymour, Lawrence M. Widrow

Multiresolution analysis is applied to the problem of halo identification in cosmological N-body simulations. The procedure makes use of a discrete wavelet transform known as the algorithme a trous and segmentation analysis. It has the ability to find subhalos in the dense regions of a parent halo and can discern the multiple levels of substructure expected

Klaus Fabricius, Barry M. McCoy

We demonstrate for the six vertex and XXZ model parameterized by $Δ=-(q+q^{-1})/2\neq \pm 1$ that when q^{2N}=1 for integer $N\geq 2$ the Bethe&#39;s ansatz equations determine only the eigenvectors which are the highest weights of the infinite dimensional sl_2 loop algebra symmetry group of the model. Therefore in this case the Bethe&#39;s ansatz equations

Kevin E. Bassler, Maya Paczuski, Ernesto Altshuler

We use a coarse-grained model of superconducting vortices driven through a random pinning potential to study the nonlinear current-voltage (IV) characteristics of flux flow in type II superconductors with pinning. In experiments, the IV relation measures flux flow down a flux density gradient. The work presented here treats this key feature explicitly. As th

A. M. Gago, E. M. Moura, W. J. C. Teves, R. Zukanovich Funchal

We establish the most stringent experimental constraints coming from recent terrestrial neutrino experiments on quantum mechanical decoherence effects in neutrino systems. Taking a completely phenomenological approach, we probe vacuum oscillations plus quantum decoherence between two neutrino species in the channels $ν_μ\to ν_τ$, $ν_μ\to ν_e$ and $ν_e \to ν_

H. Cebeci, T. Dereli

Static, spherically symmetric solutions of axi-dilaton gravity in $D$ dimensions is given in the Brans-Dicke frame for arbitrary values of the Brans-Dicke constant $ω$ and an axion-dilaton coupling parameter $k$. The mass and the dilaton and axion charges are determined and a BPS bound is derived. There exists a one parameter family of black hole solutions i

D. C. Homan, R. Ojha, J. F. C. Wardle, D. H. Roberts

We present proper motions obtained from a dual frequency, six-epoch, VLBA polarization experiment monitoring a sample of 12 blazars. The observations were made at 15 GHz and 22 GHz at bi-monthly intervals over 1996. Ten of the eleven sources for which proper motion could be reliably determined are superluminal. Only J2005+77 has no superluminal components. T

A. Chakrabarti

With the known group relations for the elements $(a,b,c,d)$ of a quantum matrix $T$ as input a general solution of the $RTT$ relations is sought without imposing the Yang - Baxter constraint for $R$ or the braid equation for $\hat{R} = PR$. For three biparametric deformatios, $GL_{(p,q)}(2), GL_{(g,h)}(2)$ and $GL_{(q,h)}(1/1)$, the standard,the nonstandard

E. Bergshoeff, R-G. Cai, N. Ohta, P. K. Townsend

We obtain the M5-M2-MW bound state solutions of 11-dimensional supergravity corresponding to the 1/2 supersymmetric vacua of the M5-brane equations with constant background fields. In the `near-horizon&#39; case the solution interpolates between the $adS_7\times S^4$ Kaluza-Klein vacuum and D=11 Minkowski spacetime via a Domain Wall spacetime. We discuss imp

Norbert Duechting, Thomas Strobl

It is shown that all generalized two--dimensional dilaton theories with arbitrary matter content (with a curvature independent coupling to gravity) do not only obey a first law of black hole mechanics (which follows from Wald&#39;s general considerations, if the entropy S is defined appropriately), but also a second law: δS \ge 0 provided only that the null

Miles P. Blencowe, Nicholas C. Koshnick

We give an alternative method to that of Hardy-Ramanujan-Rademacher to derive the leading exponential term in the asymptotic approximation to the partition function p(n,a), defined as the number of decompositions of a positive integer &#39;n&#39; into integer summands, with each summand appearing at most &#39;a&#39; times in a given decomposition. The deriva

Steen Hannestad

The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) holds information about almost all the fundamental cosmological parameters, and by performing a likelihood analysis of high precision CMBR fluctuation data, these parameters can be inferred. However, this analysis relies on assumptions about the initial power spectrum, which is usually taken to be a featureles

M. Alimohammadi, A. Shariati

Berry phase for a spin--1/2 particle moving in a flat spacetime with torsion is investigated in the context of the Einstein-Cartan-Dirac model. It is shown that if the torsion is due to a dense polarized background, then there is a Berry phase only if the fermion is massless and its momentum is perpendicular to the direction of the background polarization. T

S. Anantha Ramakrishna, N. Kumar

Can the quantum-mechanical sojourn time be clocked without the clock affecting the sojourn time? Here we re-examine the previously proposed non-unitary clock, involving absorption/amplification by an added infinitesimal imaginary potential($iV_{i}$), and find it {\it not} to preserve, in general, the positivity of the sojourn time, conditional on eventual re

Ramesh Anishetty, Rahul Basu

Preliminary estimates suggest that excess dimuon production with invariant mass in the range 1.5 -- 2.5 GeV in nucleus-nucleus collisions can be explained on the basis of $η_c$ production. This appears to be consistent with all the peripheral and central collision data with various nuclei such as S-U at 200 GeV/nucleon except for the central collision data o

Xiao-jun Li, M. Schick

The design of vesicles which become unstable at an easily tuned value of pH is of great interest for targeted drug delivery. We present a microscopic theory for two forms of such vesicles. A model of lipids introduced by us previously is applied to a system of ionizable, anionic lipid, and permanently charged, cationic lipid. We calculate the pH at which the

Paul Martini

Extremely Red Objects (EROs) offer a window to the universe at z~1 analogous to that provided by the Lyman Break galaxies at z=3. Passive evolution and hierarchical galaxy formation models make very distinct predictions for the K (2.2um) surface density of galaxies at z~1 and EROs are a powerful constraint on these theories. I present a study of nine resolve

Shang-Yung Wang, Daniel Boyanovsky

Photon production from a thermalized quark-gluon plasma of finite lifetime is studied directly in real time with a nonequilibrium formulation that includes off-shell (energy nonconserving) effects. To lowest order we find that production of direct photons form a quark-gluon plasma of temperature T ~ 200 MeV and lifetime t ~ 10-20 fm/c is strongly enhanced by

Peter W. Shor

We investigate a symmetric set of three quantum states in three dimensions having interesting properties, which we call the lifted trine states. We show that for the ensemble consisting of the three lifted trine states taken with equal probabilities, the POVM measurement realizing the accessible information must contain six projectors, giving a counterexampl

Samuel L. Braunstein, Vladimir Buzek, Mark Hillery

We show that for any Hilbert-space dimension, the optimal universal quantum cloner can be constructed from essentially the same quantum circuit, i.e., we find a universal design for universal cloners. In the case of infinite dimensions (which includes continuous variable quantum systems) the universal cloner reduces to an essentially classical device. More g

Mario Ziman, Vladimir Buzek

Each Bell state has the property that by performing just local operations on one qubit, the complete Bell basis can be generated. That is, states generated by local operations are totally distinguishable. This remarkable property is due to maximal quantum entanglement between the two particles. We present a set of local unitary transformations that generate

Christoph Simon, Marek Zukowski, Harald Weinfurter, Anton Zeilinger

We present a simple experimental scheme which can be used to demonstrate an all-or-nothing type contradiction between non-contextual hidden variables and quantum mechanics. The scheme, which is inspired by recent ideas by Cabello and Garcia-Alcaine, shows that even for a single particle, path and spin information cannot be predetermined in a non-contextual w

A. Kempf, J. R. Klauder

Quantum constraints of the type Q ψ= 0 can be straightforwardly implemented in cases where Q is a self-adjoint operator for which zero is an eigenvalue. In that case, the physical Hilbert space is obtained by projecting onto the kernel of Q, i.e. H_phys = ker(Q) = ker(Q*). It is, however, nontrivial to identify and project onto H_phys when zero is not in the

Gustavo R. Gonzalez-Martin

A previously proposed geometric definition of mass in terms of energy, in a geometrical unified theory, is used to obtain a numerical expression for a ratio of masses of geometrical excitations. The resultant geometric ratio is approximately equal the ratio of the proton to electron physical masses.

S. Okuda, T. Yamamoto, S. Suemine, G. Isoyama

The characteristics of the high-intensity single-bunch electron beam of the 38 MeV L-band electron linac at the Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research in Osaka University were investigated.

C. E. Vargas, J. G. Hirsch, J. P. Draayer

A pseudo shell SU(3) model description of normal parity bands in 159-Tb is presented. The Hamiltonian includes spherical Nilsson single-particle energies, the quadrupole-quadrupole and pairing interactions, as well as three rotor terms. A systematic parametrization is introduced, accompained by a detailed discussion of the effect each term in the Hamiltonian

C. E. Vargas, J. G. Hirsch, J. P. Draayer

The Quasi-SU(3) symmetry was uncovered in full pf and sdg shell-model calculations for both even-even and odd-even nuclei. It manifests itself through a dominance of single-particle and quadrupole-quadrupole terms in the Hamiltonian used to describe well-deformed nuclei. A practical consequence of the quasi-SU(3) symmetry is an efficient basis truncation sch

J. Timmer, H. Rust, W. Horbelt, H. U. Voss

The determination of a differential equation underlying a measured time series is a frequently arising task in nonlinear time series analysis. In the validation of a proposed model one often faces the dilemma that it is hard to decide whether possible discrepancies between the time series and model output are caused by an inappropriate model or by bad estima

Cristobal Lopez, Emilio Hernandez-Garcia

The dynamics of coherent structures present in real-world environmental data is analyzed. The method developed in this Paper combines the power of the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) technique to identify these coherent structures in experimental data sets, and its optimality in providing Galerkin basis for projecting and reducing complex dynamical mod

Elena A. Ostrovskaya, Serge F. Mingaleev, Yuri S. Kivshar, Yuri B. Gaididei

We demonstrate the existence of dynamically stable multihump solitary waves in polaron-type models describing interaction of envelope and lattice excitations. In comparison with the earlier theory of multihump optical solitons [see Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 83}, 296 (1999)], our analysis reveals a novel physical mechanism for the formation of stable multihump so

S. Yu. Sakovich, Takayuki Tsuchida

The integrability of a system of two symmetrically coupled higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equations with parameter coefficients is tested by means of the singularity analysis. It is proven that the system passes the Painlevé test for integrability only in ten distinct cases, of which two are new. For one of the new cases, a Lax pair and a multi-field gen

A. Khorunzhy, V. Vengerovsky

We observe that the Laplacian of a random graph G on N vertices represents and explicitly solvable model in the limit of infinitely increasing N. Namely, we derive recurrent relations for the limiting averaged moments of the adjacency matrix of G. These relations allow one to study the corresponding eigenvalue distribution function; we show that its density

Luen-Chau Li, Ping Xu

We introduce spin Calogero-Moser systems associated with root systems of simple Lie algebras and give the associated Lax representations (with spectral parameter) and fundamental Poisson bracket relations. Our analysis is based on a group-theoretic framework similar in spirit to the standard classical $r$-matrix theory for constant $r$-matrices.

Daniel Smania

We proved the so called complex bounds for multimodal, infinitely renormalizable analytic maps with bounded combinatorics: deep renormalizations have polynomial-like extensions with definite modulus. The complex bounds is the first step to extend the renormalization theory of unimodal maps to multimodal maps.

Massimiliano Berti, Philippe Bolle

We consider autonomous Lagrangian systems with two degrees of freedom, having an hyperbolic equilibrium of saddle-saddle type (that is the eingenvalues of the linearized system about the equilibrium are $\pm λ_1, \pm λ_2 $, $λ_1, λ_2 > 0$). We assume that $λ_1 > λ_2$ and that the system possesses two homoclinic orbits. Under a nondegeneracy assumption on the

Massimiliano Berti, Philippe Bolle

We consider the problem of Arnold&#39;s diffusion for nearly integrable isochronous Hamiltonian systems. We prove a shadowing theorem which improves the known estimates for the diffusion time. We also justify for three time scales systems that the splitting of the separatrices is correctly predicted by the Poincare&#39;-Melnikov function.

R. I. Grigorchuk, P. Linnell, T. Schick, A. Zuk

In this note we explain how the computation of the spectrum of the lamplighter group from \cite{Grigorchuk-Zuk(2000)} yields a counterexample to a strong version of the Atiyah conjectures about the range of $L^2$-Betti numbers of closed manifolds.

Stefan Vandoren

We relate the moduli space of Yang-Mills instantons to quaternionic manifolds. For instanton number one, the Wolf spaces play an important role. We apply these ideas to instanton calculations in N=4 SYM theory.

Hitoshi Murayama

We discuss dynamics of N=2 supersymmetric SU(n_c) gauge theories with n_f quark hypermultiplets. Upon N=1 perturbation of introducing a finite mass for the adjoint chiral multiplet, we show that the flavor U(n_f) symmetry is dynamically broken to U(r) \times U(n_f-r), where r\leq [n_f/2] is an integer. This flavor symmetry breaking occurs due to the condensa

David Kutasov, Marcos Marino, Gregory Moore

The study of open string tachyon condensation in string field theory can be drastically simplified by making an appropriate choice of coordinates on the space of string fields. We show that a very natural coordinate system is suggested by the connection between the worldsheet renormalization group and spacetime physics. In this system only one field, the tac

J. Sonnenschein

The extraction of Wilson loops of confining gauge systems from their SUGRA (string) duals is reviewed. I start with describing the basic classical setup. A theorem that determines the classical values of the loops associated with a generalized background is derived. In particular sufficient conditions for confining behavior are stated . I then introduce quad

Olaf Lechtenfeld, Alexander D. Popov

We discuss the integrability of the Berkovits-Siegel open string field equations and derive an infinite set of their non-local (solution-generating) symmetries. The string field equations are embedded in an infinite system of overdetermined equations (BS hierarchy) associated with hidden string symmetries. The latter enforce the vanishing of most scattering

Kei-Ichi Kondo

To understand the Abelian dominance and magnetic monopole dominance in low-energy QCD, we rewrite the non-Abelian Wilson loop into the form which is written in terms of its Abelian components or the &#39;t Hooft-Polyakov tensor describing the magnetic monopole. This is peformed by making use of a version of non-Abelian Stokes theorem. We propose a modified v

M. Hayakawa

Perturbative aspects of ultraviolet and infrared dynamics of noncommutative quantum field theory is examined in detail. It is observed that high loop momentum contribution to the nonplanar diagram develops a new infrared singularity with respect to the external momentum. This singular behavior is closely related to that of ultraviolet divergence of planar di