February 2002 arXiv papers — page 6

L. -A. Wu, D. A. Lidar

Some of the most promising proposals for scalable solid-state quantum computing, e.g., those using electron spins in quantum dots or donor electron or nuclear spins in Si, rely on a two-qubit quantum gate that is ideally generated by an isotropic exchange interaction. However, an anisotropic perturbation arising from spin-orbit coupling is inevitably present

E. V. Gorbar, V. P. Gusynin, V. A. Miransky, I. A. Shovkovy

A theory of the magnetic field driven (semi-)metal-insulator phase transition is developed for planar systems with a low density of carriers and a linear (i.e., relativistic like) dispersion relation for low energy quasiparticles. The general structure of the phase diagram of the theory with respect to the coupling constant, the chemical potential and temper

Ding-fang Zeng, Bo-qiang Ma

We recalculated pion virtual Compton scattering in perturbative QCD in this paper. Our calculation avoids some deficiencies in existing literatures, and treats real Compton scattering as a limit case in which the mass of the virtual photon equals to zero. Expressions of the hard scattering amplitudes from 10 independent diagrams are given explicitly in the t

M. C. Gonzalez-Garcia, M. Maltoni

We study the stability of the results of 3-nu oscillation analysis of atmospheric and reactor neutrino data under departures of the one--dominant mass scale approximation. In order to do so we perform the analysis of atmospheric and reactor neutrino data in terms of three--neutrino oscillations where the effect of both mass differences is explicitly consider

Maarten Golterman, Yigal Shamir

There exist both continuum and lattice regularizations of gauge theories with fermions which preserve chiral U(1) invariance ("fermion number"). Such regularizations necessarily break gauge invariance but, in a covariant gauge, one recovers gauge invariance to all orders in perturbation theory by including suitable counterterms. At the non-perturbati

Xiao-Gang He

Quantum field theories based on noncommutative space-time (NCQFT) have been extensively studied recently. However no NCQFT model, which can uniquely describe the strong and electroweak interactions, has been constructed. This prevents consistent and systematic study of noncommutative space-time. In this work we construct a NCQFT model based on the trinificat

Jing-Ling Chen, Dagomir Kaszlikowski, L. C. Kwek, C. H. Oh

In this paper we show a Bell inequality of Clauser-Horne type for three three-dimensional systems (qutrits). Violation of the inequality by quantum mechanics is shown for the case in which each of the three observers measures two non-commuting observables, defined by the so called unbiased symmetric six port beamsplitters, on a maximally entangled state of t

ATHENA Collaboration, M. C. Fujiwara

The ATHENA experiment at the Antiproton Decelerator facility at CERN aims at testing CPT symmetry with antihydrogen. An overview of the experiment, together with preliminary results of development towards the production of slow antihydrogen are reported.

Xingang Wang, Ying Zhang, Gang Hu

Statistical behavior of a classical $ϕ^{4}$ Hamiltonian lattice is investigated from microscopic dynamics. The largest Lyapunov exponent and entropies are considered for manifesting chaos and equipartition behaviors of the system. It is found, for the first time, that for any large while finite system size there exist two critical couplings for the transitio

Andras Szenes, Michele Vergne

Given a finite set of vectors spanning a lattice and lying in a halfspace of a real vector space, to each vector $a$ in this vector space one can associate a polytope consisting of nonnegative linear combinations of the vectors in the set which sum up to $a$. This polytope is called the partition polytope of $a$. If $a$ is integral, this polytope contains a

J. Stefanovski, K. Trencevski

We present a class of symplectic matrices which transform by similarity given $2n\times 2n$ -dimensional matrix into Bunse-Gerstner form. If the given matrix is skew-Hamiltonian, the transformation gives a solution of an antisymmetric Riccati matrix equation, resulting from optimal control of linear systems.

Daniel Ueltschi

A self-avoiding walk with small attractive interactions is described here. The existence of the connective constant is established, and the diffusive behavior is proved using the method of the lace expansion.

M. Kirchbach, D. V. Ahluwalia

We present reasons as to why an ab initio analysis of the spacetime structure of massive gravitino is necessary. Afterwards, we construct the relevant representation space, and finally, give a new physical interpretation of massive gravitino.

L. Fernandez-Jambrina

A theorem stated by Raychaudhuri which claims that the only physical non-singular cosmological models are comprised in the Ruiz-Senovilla family is shown to be incorrect. An explicit counterexample is provided and the failure of the argument leading to the theorem is explicitly pointed out.

G. P. Zhang, G. T. Woods, Eric L. Shirley, T. A. Callcott

We demonstrate that angle-resolved soft x-ray spectroscopy can resolve absorption by inequivalent oxygen sites and by different orbitals belonging to the same site in NaV2O5. By rotating the polarization direction, we see a dramatic change in the absorption spectra at the oxygen K edge. Our theory identifies the detailed composition of the spectra and predic

P. Dorozhkin, H. Nejoh, D. Fujita

We have developed a simple and reliable technique for two-terminal transport measurements of free-standing wire-like objects. The method is based on the low-energy electron point source microscope. The field emission tip of the microscope is used as a movable electrode to make a well-defined local electrical contact on a controlled place of a nanometer-size

S. -H. Chong, W. Gotze

The interaction-site-density-fluctuation correlators, the dipole-relaxation functions, and the mean-squared displacements of a system of symmetric dumbbells of fused hard spheres are calculated for two representative elongations of the molecules within the mode-coupling theory for the evolution of glassy dynamics. For large elongations, universal relaxation

G. I. Japaridze, Sujit Sarkar

A one-dimensional model of interacting electrons with on-site $U$, nearest-neighbor $V$, and pair-hopping interaction $W$ is studied at half-filling using the continuum limit field theory approach. The ground state phase diagram is obtained for a wide range of coupling constants. In addition to the insulating spin- and charge-density wave phases for large $U

D. C. Rapaport

Molecular dynamics simulations are used to study structure formation in simple model polymer chains that are subject to excluded volume and torsional interactions. The changing conformations exhibited by chains of different lengths under gradual cooling are followed until each reaches a state from which no further change is possible. The interactions are cho

C. Burigana, L. La Porta

The polarized diffuse Galactic radio emission, mainly synchrotron emission, is expected to be one of the most relevant source of astrophysical contamination at low and moderate multipoles in cosmic microwave background polarization anisotropy experiments at frequencies lower then 50 to 100 GHz. We present here preliminary results based on a recent analysis o

Tsvi Piran, Ehud Nakar

According to the fireball model GRBs are produced when a relativistic flow is dissipated by shocks. The questions how does a GRB's "inner engine" accelerates and collimated the relativistic flow is today the most interesting (and most difficult) open question concerning GRBs. We summarize, here, the known constrains on the "inner engines"

M. Suzuki

Toward the goal of extracting the weak angle alpha, the decay B^0/B^0-bar to a_0^{+/-}pi^{-/+} was recently measured. The decay B^0 to a_0^+pi^- is not only forbidden in the factorization limit of the tree interaction, but also strongly suppressed for the penguin interaction if short-distance QCD dominates. This makes extraction of alpha very difficult from

Michail P. Rekalo, Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson

We calculate the asymmetries for the processes $\vecγ+\vec p\to Λ_c^+ (Σ_c^+)+\bar{D^0}$ and $\vecγ+\vec p\to Λ_c^+ (Σ_c^+)+\bar{D^*}$, induced by circularly polarized photons on a polarized proton target in the framework of an effective Lagrangian model. We found large and positive values for the asymmetry induced by the $z-$component of the proton polariza

Tsuyoshi Hondou

An equation of state for an ideal gas with a small number of particles is studied. The resulting equation is found to differ from that expected in conventional thermodynamics, which is strikingly illustrated when considering the traditional thermodynamic problem of Maxwell's demon. We clarify the mechanism of this different feature of thermodynamics aris

Jae-weon Lee, Eok Kyun Lee, Hae Myoung Kwon, In-gyu Koh

The equation describing the stochastic motion of a classical particle in 1+1-dimensional space-time is connected to the Dirac equation with external gauge fields. The effects of assigning different turning probabilities to the forward and the backward moving particles in time are discussed.

Michael Kesden, Asantha Cooray, Marc Kamionkowski

Inflationary gravitational waves (GW) contribute to the curl component in the polarization of the CMB. Cosmic shear--gravitational lensing of the CMB-- converts a fraction of the dominant gradient polarization to the curl component. Higher-order correlations can be used to map the cosmic shear and subtract this contribution to the curl. Arcminute resolution

Hwang Lee, Pieter Kok, Jonathan P. Dowling

Heisenberg-limited measurement protocols can be used to gain an increase in measurement precision over classical protocols. Such measurements can be implemented using, e.g., optical Mach-Zehnder interferometers and Ramsey spectroscopes. We address the formal equivalence between the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the Ramsey spectroscope, and the discrete Fourie

Antoine Suarez

In a recent paper Karl Hess and Walter Philipp claim that hidden local variables cannot be ruled out. We argue that their claim is only valid if one gives up Bohr's principle that the measuring instruments must be classical, and this principle belongs to the foundations of scientific knowledge: Therefore, nonlocal influences can be considered demonstrate

S. L. Vesely, A. A. Vesely

Experimental evidence of the photoelectric effect goes back to H. Hertz. It occurred during the famous confirmation experiments of the Maxwellian theory. It is commonly held however that it cannot be explained in the framework of that theory. We are calling attention to some aspects linked with the interpretation of that effect on which, in our opinion, it i

D. Blume, Chris H. Greene

Three bosonic, spin-polarized atoms in a spherical oscillator potential constitutes the simplest nontrivial Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). The present paper develops the tools needed to understand the nature of the complete J=0 energy spectrum for this prototype system, assuming a sum of two-body potentials. The resulting spectrum is calculated as a functio

Manuele Santoprete

Resorting to classical techniques of Riemannian geometry we develop a geometrical method suitable to investigate the nonintegrability of geodesic flows and of natural Hamiltonian systems. Then we apply such method to the Anisotropic Kepler Problem (AKP) and we prove that it is not analytically integrable.

P. M. Lushnikov

An efficient numerical algorithm is presented for massively parallel simulations of dispersion-managed wavelength-division-multiplexed optical fiber systems. The algorithm is based on a weak nonlinearity approximation and independent parallel calculations of fast Fourier transforms on multiple CPUs. The algorithm allows one to implement numerical simulations

Greg Kuperberg

We prove a central limit theorem for non-commutative random variables in a von Neumann algebra with a tracial state: Any non-commutative polynomial of averages of i.i.d. samples converges to a classical limit. The proof is based on a central limit theorem for ordered joint distributions together with a commutator estimate related to the Baker-Campbell-Hausdo

N. Reshetikhin

It is shown that spin Calogero-Moser systems are completely integrable in a sense of degenerate integrability. Their Liouville tori have dimension less then half of the dimension of the phase space. It is also shown that rational spin Ruijsenaars systems are degenerately integrable and dual to spin Calogero- Moser systems in a sense that action-algle variabl

Man Chun Leung

For an integer $n \ge 3$ and any positive number $ε$ we establish the existence of smooth functions K on $R^n \setminus \{0 \}$ with $|K - 1| \le ε$, such that the equation $Δu + n (n - 2) K u^{{n + 2}\over {n - 2}} = 0$ in $R^n \setminus \{0 \}$ has a smooth positive solution which blows up at the origin (i.e., u does not have slow decay near the origin). F

Man Chun Leung

Let $u_1$ and $u_2$ be two different positive smooth solutions of the equation $Δu + n (n - 2) u^{{n + 2}\over {n - 2}} = 0$ in $R^n (n \ge 3).$ By a result of Gidas, Ni and Nirenberg, $u_1$ and $u_2$ are radially symmetric above the points $ξ_1$ and $ξ_2$, respectively. Let $u$ be a positive $C^2$-function on $R^n$ such that $u = u_1$ in $Ω_1$ and $u = u_2$

Long Wang, Wensheng Yu

We prove that, for low-order (n < 5) stable polynomial segments or interval polynomials, there always exists a fixed polynomial such that their ratio is SPR-invariant, thereby providing a rigorous proof of Anderson&#39;s claim on SPR synthesis for the fourth-order stable interval polynomials. Moreover, the relationship between SPR synthesis for low-order pol

Long Wang

Some Kharitonov-like robust Hurwitz stability criteria are established for a class of complex polynomial families with nonlinearly correlated perturbations. These results are extended to the polynomial matrix case and non-interval D-stability case. Applications of these results in testing of robust strict positive realness of real and complex interval transf

Long Wang, Wensheng Yu

Strict positive realness (SPR) is an important concept in absolute stability theory, adaptive control, system identification, etc. This paper characterizes the strictly positive real regions in coefficient space and presents a robust design method for SPR transfer functions. We first introduce the concepts of SPR regions and weak SPR regions and show that th

Long Wang

For the left-sector stability of interval polynomials, it suffices to check a subset of its vertex polynomials. This paper provides a recipe for construction of these critical vertices. Illustrative examples are presented.

Long Wang, Zhizhen Wang, Wensheng Yu

This paper gives a necessary and sufficient condition for robust D-stability of Polytopic Polynomial Matrices. Edge theorem is extended to multi-input-multi-output case.

B. Aubert

We report the results of a search for T and CP violation in B0-anti-B0 mixing using an inclusive dilepton sample collected by the BaBar experiment at the PEP-II B Factory. The asymmetry between (l+,l+) and (l-,l-) events allows us to compare the probabilities P(anti-B0 -> B0) and P(B0 -> anti-B0) oscillations and thus probe T and CP invariance. Using a sampl

Marc Mars

The existence of static and axially symmetric regions in a Friedman-Lemaitre cosmology is investigated under the only assumption that the cosmic time and the static time match properly on the boundary hypersurface. It turns out that the most general form for the static region is a two-sphere with arbitrarily changing radius which moves along the axis of symm

T. Blomquist, H. Schanze, I. V. Zozoulenko, H. -J. Stockmann

We present experimental studies of the geometry-specific quantum scattering in microwave billiards of a given shape. We perform full quantum mechanical scattering calculations and find an excellent agreement with the experimental results. We also carry out the semiclassical calculations where the conductance is given as a sum of all classical trajectories be

J. S. Ahn, Y. -J. Kim, M. -S. Kim, S. -I. Lee

We prepared MgB$_{2-x}$Be$_{x}$ ($x=0$, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.6) samples where B is substituted with Be. MgB$_{2}$ structure is maintained up to $x=0.6$. In-plane and inter-plane lattice constants were found to decrease and increase, respectively. Superconducting transition temperature $T_{c}$ decreases with $x$. We found that the $T_{c}$ decrease is correlat

J. X. Wang, Sabre Kais, R. D. Levine

We present the real-space block renormalization group equations for fermion systems described by a Hubbard Hamiltonian on a triangular lattice with hexagonal blocks. The conditions that keep the equations from proliferation of the couplings are derived. Computational results are presented including the occurrence of a first-order metal-insulator transition a

J. Kaupuzs

The corrections to finite-size scaling in the critical two-point correlation function G(r) of 2D Ising model on a square lattice have been studied numerically by means of exact transfer-matrix algorithms. The systems of square geometry with periodic boundaries oriented either along <10> or along <11> direction have been considered, including up to 800 spins.

F. Yusef-Zadeh, C. Law, M. Wardle

The Galactic center region near l$\approx0.2^0$ hosts a mixture of nonthermal linear filaments and thermal radio continuum features associated with the radio Arc. Chandra observations of this region reveal an X-ray filament and diffuse emission with an extent of roughly 60$&#39;&#39;\times2&#39;&#39;$ and 5$&#39;\times3&#39;$, respectively. The X-ray filamen

Patrick A. Woudt, Brian Warner

From archived and recent high speed photometry of VW Hyi we find Dwarf Nova Oscillations (DNOs) occasionally present throughout outburst, evolving from 14.06 s period at maximum to > 40 s near the end of outburst. A relatively slow increase of period is followed by rapid increase and subsequent decrease. Quasi-periodic Oscillations (QPOs) are seen at periods

Reza Tavakol, Eurico Covas, David Moss, Andrew Tworkowski

Recent analyses of the helioseismic data have produced evidence for a variety of interesting dynamical behaviour associated with torsional oscillations. What is not so far clear is whether these oscillations extend all the way to the bottom of the convection zone and, if so, whether the oscillatory behaviour at the top and the bottom of the convection zone i

C. Zurita, J. Casares, T. Shahbaz, R. M. Wagner

We present the results of our monitoring of the halo black-hole soft X-ray transient (SXT) XTE J1118+480 during its decline to quiescence. The system has decayed 0.5 mags from December 2000 to its present near quiescent level at R=18.65 (June 2001). The ellipsoidal lightcurve is distorted by an additional modulation that we interpret as a superhump of P_sh=0

Neil Trentham, Simon Hodgkin

We measure the galaxy luminosity function (LF) for the Virgo Cluster between blue magnitudes M_B = -22 and M_B = -11 from wide-field CCD imaging data. The LF is only gradually rising for -22 < M_B < -16. Between M_B = -16 and M_B = -14 it rises steeply, with a logarithmic slope alpha ~ -1.6. Fainter than M_B = -14, the LF flattens again. This LF is shallower

A. Del Popolo

I study the role of shear fields by using an analytical approximate solution for the equations of motion of homogeneous ellipsoids embedded in a homogeneous background. The equations of motion of a homogeneous ellipsoid (Icke 1973; White & Silk 1979 (hereafter WS)) are modified in order to take account of the tidal field as done in Watanabe 1993 and then are

L. Vanzi, S. Bagnulo, E. Le Floc&#39;h, R. Maiolino

We present observations in the optical, near-infrared and millimetre bands of the Ultraluminous Infrared galaxy IRAS 19254-7245, also known as &#34;The Superantennae&#34;. This galaxy is an interacting system with a double nucleus and long tails extending for about 350 kpc. We studied in detail the southern component of the system which is optically classifi

Richard J. Tuffs, Cristina C. Popescu, Daniele Pierini, Heinrich J. Voelk

We present deep diffraction-limited far-infrared (FIR) strip maps of a sample of 63 galaxies later than S0 and brighter than B_T 16.8, selected from the Virgo Cluster Catalogue of Binggeli, Sandage & Tammann. The ISOPHOT instrument on board the Infrared Space Observatory was used to achieve sensitivities typically an order of magnitude deeper than IRAS in th

Guenther Hasinger

Deep X-ray surveys have shown that the cosmic X-ray background (XRB) is largely due to the accretion onto supermassive black holes, integrated over cosmic time. The ROSAT, Chandra and XMM-Newton satellites have resolved more than 80% of the 0.1-10 keV X-ray background into discrete sources. Optical spectroscopic identifications are about 90% and 60% complete

N. Gorkavyi, T. Taidakova

We applied our earlier numerical method to compute the thermal emission from a dusty resonant structure around Vega and compared the new observational evidence for a ring arc at 95 AU near Vega with our modeling. Our high resolution simulations indicate that Vega may have an outerm ost planet at a distance of 90-100 AU with coordinates near 18 35&#39;16.25&#

Bernard L. G. Bakker, Ho-Meoyng Choi, Chueng-Ryong Ji

We study the form factors of vector mesons using a covariant fermion field theory model in $(3+1)$ dimensions. Performing a light-front calculation in the $q^+ =0$ frame in parallel with a manifestly covariant calculation, we note the existence of a nonvanishing zero-mode contribution to the light-front current $J^+$ and find a way of avoiding the zero-mode

O. Costin, R. D. Costin

We determine the position and the type of spontaneous singularities of solutions of generic analytic nonlinear differential systems in the complex plane, arising along antistokes directions towards irregular singular points of the system. Placing the singularity of the system at infinity we look at equations of the form $\mathbf{y}&#39;=\mathbf{f}(x^{-1},\ma

N. Itzhaki, Igor R. Klebanov, Sunil Mukhi

We observe that the pp wave limit of $AdS_5\times M^5$ compactifications of type IIB string theory is universal, and maximally supersymmetric, as long as $M^5$ is smooth and preserves some supersymmetry. We investigate a specific case, $M^5=T^{1,1}$. The dual ${\cal N}=1$ SCFT, describing D3-branes at a conifold singularity, has operators that we identify wi

H. Müther, A. Sedrakian

We show that homogeneous superconductors with broken spin/isospin symmetry lower their energy via a transition to a novel superconducting state where the Fermi-surfaces are deformed to a quasi-ellipsoidal form at zero total momentum of Cooper pairs. In this state, the gain in the condensation energy of the pairs dominates over the loss in the kinetic energy

Alberto Buzzoni

The ultraviolet luminosity evolution of star-forming galaxies is explored from the theoretical point of view, especially focusing on the theory of UV energetics in simple and composite stellar populations and its relationship to the star formation rate and other main evolutionary parameters. Galaxy emission below 3000 Angstroms directly correlates with actua

M. Sun, S. S. Murray

A 40 ks \emph{Chandra} ACIS-S observation of the dynamically young cluster A1367 yields new insights on X-ray emission from cluster member galaxies. We detect 59 point-like sources in the ACIS field, of which 8 are identified with known cluster member galaxies. Thus, in total 10 member galaxies are detected in X-rays when three galaxies discussed in paper I

Yu. P. Ivanov, B. Z. Kopeliovich, A. V. Tarasov, J. Huefner

In a recent publication we have calculated elastic charmonium production in ep collisions employing realistic charmonia wave functions and dipole cross sections and have found good agreement with the data in a wide range of s and Q^2. Using the ingredients from those calculations we calculate exclusive electroproduction of charmonia off nuclei. Here new effe

Shaaban Khalil

We analyse the CP violation in supersymmetric models with Hermitian Yukawa and trilinear couplings. We show that Hermitian Yukawa matrices can be implemented in supersymmetric models with SU(3) flavor symmetry. An important feature of this class of models is that the supersymmetric contributions to the EDM of the neutron and mercury atom are suppressed. In t

Jaume Gomis, Hirosi Ooguri

We find a Penrose limit of AdS_5 x T^{1,1} which gives the pp-wave geometry identical to the one that appears in the Penrose limit of AdS_5 x S^5. This leads us to conjecture that there is a subsector of the corresponding N=1 gauge theory which has enhanced N=4 supersymmetry. We identify operators in the N=1 gauge theory with stringy excitations in the pp-wa

I. Matute, F. La Franca, F. Pozzi, C. Gruppioni

We present the 15 micron luminosity function of type 1 AGN (QSO + Seyfert 1). Our sample of 21 high-redshift sources is selected from the Preliminary Analysis catalogue in the S1 field of the European Large Area ISO Survey (ELAIS). To study the cosmological evolution of the AGN1 luminosity function, our sample has been combined with a local sample of 41 sour

R. H. Morf, N. d&#39;Ambrumenil, S. Das Sarma

We compute energy gaps for spin-polarized fractional quantum Hall states in the lowest Landau level at filling fractions nu=1/3, 2/5,3/7 and 4/9 using exact diagonalization of systems with up to 16 particles and extrapolation to the infinite system-size limit. The gaps calculated for a pure Coulomb interaction and ignoring finite width effects, disorder and

Guilhem Semerjian, Leticia F. Cugliandolo

We revisit the derivation of the density of states of sparse random matrices. We derive a recursion relation that allows one to compute the spectrum of the matrix of incidence for finite trees that determines completely the low concentration limit. Using the iterative scheme introduced by Biroli and Monasson [J. Phys. A 32, L255 (1999)] we find an approximat

T. Aoyama, K. Ishikawa, Y. Ishizuka, N. Maeda

We investigate neutral collective excitations in the striped Hall state. In the striped Hall state, the magnetic translation and rotation symmetries are spontaneously broken. Using the commutation relation between charges and currents corresponding to the broken and unbroken symmetry, the existence of the gapless neutral excitation is proved. The spectrum of

Takeshi Fukuyama, Nobuchika Okada

We study the leptogenesis scenario in models with multi-Higgs doublets. It is pointed out that the washing-out process through the effective dimension five interactions, which has not been taken into account seriously in the conventional scenario, can be effective, and the resultant baryon asymmetry can be exponentially suppressed. This fact implies new poss

A. Rosch, J. Paaske, J. Kroha, P. Wölfle

We consider electron transport through a quantum dot described by the Kondo model in the regime of large transport voltage V in the presence of a magnetic field B with max(V,B) >> T_K. The electric current I and the local magnetization M are found to be universal functions of V/T_K and B/T_K, where T_K is the equilibrium Kondo temperature. We present a gener

Victor S. L&#39;vov, Anna Pomyalov, Itamar Procaccia

The statistics of 2-dimensional turbulence exhibit a riddle: the scaling exponents in the regime of inverse energy cascade agree with the K41 theory of turbulence far from equilibrium, but the probability distribution functions are close to Gaussian like in equilibrium. The skewness $\C S \equiv S_3(R)/S^{3/2}_2(R)$ was measured as $\C S_{\text{exp}}\approx

S. Janssen, J. Ryckebusch, D. Debruyne, T. Van Cauteren

A study of p(gamma,K)Sigma processes in an isobar model at tree level is reported. By comparing model calculations to the published SAPHIR data, we explore the possible role of different isospin I=1/2 (N*) and I=3/2 (Delta*) resonances in the reaction dynamics. In our analysis, the inclusion of the ``missing&#39;&#39; D_{13}(1895) resonance does only slightl

J. Regul, U. F. Keyser, M. Paesler, F. Hohls

We use the all-diamond tip of an atomic force microscope for the direct engraving of high quality quantum point contacts in GaAs/AlGaAs-heterostructures. The processing time is shortened by two orders of magnitude compared to standard silicon tips. Together with a reduction of the line width to below 90 nm the depletion length of insulating lines is reduced

G. D. J. Smit, S. Rogge, T. M. Klapwijk

A generally applicable model is presented to describe the potential barrier shape in ultra small Schottky diodes. It is shown that for diodes smaller than a characteristic length $l_c$ (associated with the semiconductor doping level) the conventional description no longer holds. For such small diodes the Schottky barrier thickness decreases with decreasing d

Jason de Joannis, Axel Arnold, Christian Holm

In a previous paper a method was developed to subtract the interactions due to periodically replicated charges (or other long-range entities) in one spatial dimension. The method constitutes a generalized &#34;electrostatic layer correction&#34; (ELC) which adapts any standard 3D summation method to slab-like conditions. Here the implementation of the layer

Tomohiro Matsuda

For Affleck-Dine baryogenesis to proceed, there must have been two types of phase transitions. One is the destabilized-stabilized phase transition of the flat direction, which is in general induced by the Hubble parameter. The other is the phase transition related to the A-term, which induces the misalignment of the relative phase of the flat direction. In t

G. Cvetic, C. Dib, C. S. Kim, J. D. Kim

We study lepton flavor violation (LFV) in tau decays induced by heavy Majorana neutrinos within two models: (I) the Standard Model with additional right-handed heavy Majorana neutrinos, i.e., a typical seesaw-type model; (II) the Standard Model with left-handed and right-handed neutral singlets, which are inspired by certain scenarios of SO(10)models and het

I. Fuentes-Guridi, A. Carollo, S. Bose, V. Vedral

We calculate the Berry phase of a spin-1/2 particle in a magnetic field considering the quantum nature of the field. The phase reduces to the standard Berry phase in the semiclassical limit and eigenstate of the particle acquires a phase in the vacuum. We also show how to generate a vacuum induced Berry phase considering two quantized modes of the field whic

Juan P. Garrahan, David Chandler

We show how dynamical heterogeneities in glass forming systems emerge as a consequence of the existence of dynamical constraints, and we offer an interpretation of the glass transition as an entropy crisis in trajectory space (space-time) rather than in configuration space. To illustrate our general ideas, we analyze the one dimensional (d=1) Fredrickson-And

Yukihiro Aiba, Naomichi Hatano, Hideki Takayasu, Kouhei Marumo

We first show that there are in fact triangular arbitrage opportunities in the spot foreign exchange markets, analyzing the time dependence of the yen-dollar rate, the dollar-euro rate and the yen-euro rate. Next, we propose a model of foreign exchange rates with an interaction. The model includes effects of triangular arbitrage transactions as an interactio

N. Djeghloul, M. Tahiri

We present an alternative quantization for irreducible open gauge theories. The method relies on the possibility of modifying the classical BRST operator and the gauge-fixing action written as in Yang-Mills type theories, in order to obtain an on-shell invariant quantum action by using equations characterizing the full gauge algebra. From this follows then t

Shun&#39;ya Mizoguchi, Yasuhiko Yamada

The Weyl group symmetry W(E_k) is studied from the points of view of the E-strings, Painleve equations and U-duality. We give a simple reformulation of the elliptic Painleve equation in such a way that the hidden symmetry W(E_10) is manifestly realized. This reformulation is based on the birational geometry of the del Pezzo surface and closely related to Sei

Tomohiro Matsuda

We propose a new scenario of Affleck-dine baryogenesis in the context of theories with large extra dimensions. In this paper we consider baryogenesis after thermal brane inflation and show how our mechanism works. We specifically consider models in which supersymmetry is broken at the distant brane.

A. Stoimenow

It is known that the minimal degree of the Jones polynomial of a positive knot is equal to its genus, and the minimal coefficient is 1. We extend this result to almost positive links and partly identify the 3 following coefficients for special types of positive links. We also give counterexamples to the Jones polynomial-ribbon genus conjectures for a quasipo

Andrei Kryjevski, Travis Norsen

Previous work on high-density QCD suggests that the ground state configuration in the presence of a non-zero neutrino chemical potential consists of CFL matter plus a homogenous condensate of neutral and positive kaons. We consider here the stability of this homogenous configuration toward the production of a charge-separated mixed phase, and find that the s

Niayesh Afshordi, Bohdan Paczynski

A numerical model of a steady state, thin accretion disk with a constant effective speed of sound is presented. We demonstrate that `zero torque&#39; inner boundary condition is a reasonable approximation provided that the disk thickness, including the thickness of the torquing magnetic fields, is small everywhere. It is likely that this conclusion is correc

E. C. Behrman, V. Chandrashekar, Z. Wang, C. K. Belur

An outstanding problem in quantum computing is the calculation of entanglement, for which no closed-form algorithm exists. Here we solve that problem, and demonstrate the utility of a quantum neural computer, by showing, in simulation, that such a device can be trained to calculate the entanglement of an input state, something neither an algorithmic quantum

F. Treussart, R. Alleaume, V. Le Floc&#39;h, L. T. Xiao

We studied intensity fluctuations of a single photon source relying on the pulsed excitation of the fluorescence of a single molecule at room temperature. We directly measured the Mandel parameter Q(T) over 4 orders of magnitude of observation timescale T, by recording every photocount. On timescale of a few excitation periods, subpoissonian statistics is cl

R. Mathevet, R. Delhuille, C. Rizzo

In this letter we present a computation of the phase induced by test masses of different geometry, in the framework of non-newtonian gravitation, on an ideal separated arms atom interferometer. We deduce the related limits on the non-newtonian gravitational strength in the sub-millimeter region for the potential range. These limits would be comparable with t

P. Facchi, S. Pascazio

We analyze the Zeno phenomenon in quantum field theory. The decay of an unstable system can be modified by changing the time interval between successive measurements (or by varying the coupling to an external system that plays the role of measuring apparatus). We speak of quantum Zeno effect if the decay is slowed and of inverse quantum Zeno (or Heraclitus)

Vladimir L. Safonov

In the present time we observe a growing number of publications where the, so-called, flow equations are successfully used to diagonalize Hamiltonians by means of an appropriate unitary transformation. Here we discuss and compare the flow equations (FE) method (proposed in 1994) with the method of one step continuous unitary transformations (OS CUT) (propose

V. Savalli, D. Stevens, J. Esteve, P. D. Featonby

We have made a high resolution study of the specularity of the atomic reflection from an evanescent wave mirror using velocity selective Raman transitions. We have observed a double structure in the velocity distribution after reflection: a peak consistent with specular reflection and a diffuse reflection pedestal, whose contribution decreases rapidly with i

Noboru Takigawa, Sachie Kimura, David M. Brink

The screening effects by bound target electrons in low energy nuclear reactions in laboratory experiments can be well represented in terms of a constant shift of the tunneling potential barrier as postulated in all previous analyses if the electronic cloud were static or structureless and lied outside the tunneling region. In this paper, using a semiclassica

Tov Elperin, Nathan Kleeorin, Victor L&#39;vov, Igor Rogachevskii

We suggested a theory of clustering of inertial particles advected by a turbulent velocity field caused by an instability of their spatial distribution. The reason of the {\em clustering instability} is a combined effect of the particle inertia and finite correlation time of the velocity field. The crucial parameter for the instability is a size of the parti

Shmuel Fishman, Italo Guarneri, Laura Rebuzzini

Unexpected accelerator modes were recently observed experimentally for cold cesium atoms when driven in the presence of gravity. A detailed theoretical explanation of this quantum effect is presented here. The theory makes use of invariance properties of the system, that are similar to the ones of solids, leading to a separation into independent kicked rotor

Mark D. Gould, Yao-Zhong Zhang, Shao-You Zhao

Supersymmetric t-J Gaudin models with both periodic and open boundary conditions are constructed and diagonalized by means of the algebraic Bethe ansatz method. Off-shell Bethe ansatz equations of the Gaudin systems are derived, and used to construct and solve the KZ equations associated with $sl(2|1)^{(1)}$ superalgebra.

L. Feher, A. Gabor

It is well known that the integrable Hamiltonian systems defined by the Adler-Kostant-Symes construction correspond via Hamiltonian reduction to systems on cotangent bundles of Lie groups. Generalizing previous results on Toda systems, here a Lagrangian version of the reduction procedure is exhibited for those cases for which the underlying Lie algebra admit

Paul B. Slater

Sjoqvist, Pati, Ekert, Anandan, Ericsson, Oi and Vedral (Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2845 [2000]) have recently &#34;provided a physical prescription based on interferometry for introducing the total phase of a mixed state undergoing unitary evolution, which has been an elusive concept in the past&#34;. They note that &#34;Uhlmann was probably the first to address