December 2005 arXiv papers — page 26

Reuven Opher, Ana Pelinson

We investigate models that suggest that the vacuum energy decays into cold dark matter (CDM) and into a homogeneous distribution of a thermalized cosmic microwave background (CMB), which is characteristic of an adiabatic vacuum energy decay into photons. We show that the density fluctuation spectrum obtained from the CMB and galaxy distribution data agreemen

P. P. Avelino, C. J. A. P. Martins, J. Menezes, C. Santos

We study the evolution of the fine-structure constant, $α$, induced by non-linear density perturbations in the context of the simplest class of quintessence models with a non-minimal coupling to the electromagnetic field, in which the two available free functions (potential and gauge kinetic function) are Taylor-expanded up to linear order. We show that the

N. A. Hatch, C. S. Crawford, A. C. Fabian, R. M. Johnstone

We use line-of-sight velocity information on the filamentary emission-line nebula of NGC 1275 to infer a dynamical model of the nebula's flow through the surrounding intracluster gas. We detect outflowing gas and flow patterns that match simulations of buoyantly rising bubbles from which we deduce that some of the nebula filaments have been drawn out of

Fred C. Adams, Eva M. Proszkow, Marco Fatuzzo, Philip C. Myers

This paper studies the dynamical evolution of young stellar clusters with $N$ = 100 - 1000 members. We use N-body simulations to explore how evolution depends on system size $N$ and the initial conditions. Motivated by recent observations of extremely young systems, this study compares subvirial and virial starting states. Multiple realizations of equivalent

Michael L. Cherry

Below the knee in the cosmic ray spectrum, balloon and spacecraft experiments offer the capability of direct composition and energy measurements on the primary particles. A major difficulty is obtaining enough exposure to extend the range of direct measurements sufficiently high in energy to permit overlap with ground-based observations. Presently, balloon a

R. Falomo, J. K. Kotilainen, R. Scarpa, A. Treves

We report on ESO--VLT adaptive optics imaging of one radio-loud quasar at z $\sim$ 3. In spite of the large distance of the object we are able to detect its surrounding extended nebulosity the properties of which are consistent with an underlying massive galaxy of M$_K$ $\sim$ --27 and effective radius R$_e$ = 7 kpc. As far as we know this is the clearest de

Jacco Th. van Loon

Over much of the initial mass function, stars are destined to become luminous and cool red giants. They may then be able to produce dust in an atmosphere which has been elevated by strong radial pulsations, and hence drive a wind. The amount of mass that is lost in this way can be a very significant fraction of the stellar mass, and especially in the case of

Natasha Maddox, Paul C. Hewett

A number of deep, wide-field, near-infrared surveys employing new infrared cameras on 4m-class telescopes are about to commence. These surveys have the potential to determine the fraction of luminous dust-obscured quasars that may have eluded surveys undertaken at optical wavelengths. In order to understand the new observations it is essential to make accura

Alan B. Whiting

A beginning end-point for galaxy motions within the 10-Mpc Local Volume is constructed by requiring a smooth distribution of (luminous) mass at the time of recombination, which is shown to be equivalent to a smooth Hubble flow at early times. It is found, by this purely kinematical method, that present peculiar motions are too small by a factor of at least s

Joergens Viki

I review here the results of the first RV survey for spectroscopic companions to very young brown dwarfs (BDs) and (very) low-mass stars in the ChaI star-forming cloud with UVES at the VLT. This survey studies the binary fraction in an as yet unexplored domain not only in terms of primary masses (substellar regime) and ages (a few Myr) but also in terms of c

Dale D. Kocevski, Harald Ebeling, Chris R. Mullis, R. Brent Tully

We present the latest results of the Clusters in the Zone of Avoidance (CIZA) survey, which is mapping the large-scale matter distribution behind the Milky Way by performing the first systematic search for X-ray luminous galaxy clusters at low Galactic latitudes. The survey's approach, which uses X-ray emission to locate cluster candidates, overcomes the

K. Werner, F. Herwig

We review the observed properties of extremely hot hydrogen-deficient post-AGB stars of spectral type [WC] and PG1159. Their H-deficiency is probably caused by a (very) late helium-shell flash or a AGB final thermal pulse, laying bare interior stellar regions which are usually kept hidden below the hydrogen envelope. Thus, the photospheric element abundances

T. Ryabchikova, O. Kochukhov, D. Kudryavtsev, I. Romanyuk

We report a discovery of the Zeeman resolved spectral lines, corresponding to the extremely large magnetic field modulus <Bs>=17.5 kG, in the cool Ap star HD 178892. The mean longitudinal field of this star reaches 7.5 kG, and its rotational modulation implies the strength of the dipolar magnetic component Bp>=23 kG. We have revised rotation period of the st

Shiro Hirai, Tomoyuki Takami

The effect of the length of inflation on the power spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations is estimated using the power-law inflation model with a scale factor of a(t) = t^q. Considering various pre-inflation models with radiation-dominated or scalar matter-dominated periods before inflation in combination with two matching conditions, the temperature ang

Ann Merchant Boesgaard, Megan C. Novicki

The study of Be in stars of differing metal content can elucidate the formation mechanisms and the Galactic chemical evolution of Be. We have obtained high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra of the resonance lines of Be II in eight stars with the high-dispersion spectrograph (HDS) on the Subaru 8.2 m telescope on Mauna Kea. Abundances of Be have been d

J. C. D&#39;Olivo, L. Nellen, S. Sahu, Veronique Van Elewyck

We use the formalism of finite-temperature field theory to study the interactions of ultra-high energy (UHE) cosmic neutrinos with the thermal background of relic neutrinos. From the imaginary part of the neutrino self-energy, calculated in terms of the Z boson propagator near the resonance, we derive general expressions for the UHE neutrino transmission pro

Youhei Masada, Takayoshi Sano, Hideaki Takabe

We investigate the stability of differentially rotating proto-neutron stars (PNSs) with a toroidal magnetic field. Stability criteria for nonaxisymmetric MHD instabilities are derived using a local linear analysis. PNSs are expected to have much stronger radial shear in the rotation velocity compared to normal stars. We find that nonaxisymmetric magnetorotat

Andrey Beresnyak, Alex Lazarian

Goldreich-Sridhar model of incompressible turbulence provides an elegant approach to describing strong MHD turbulence. It relies on the fact that interacting Alfvenic waves are independent and have random polarization. However, in case of strong interaction a spontaneous local assymetry can arise. We used direct numerical simulations to show that polarizatio

P. R. Sorensen, X. Dong

At intermediate transverse momentum (2 < p_T < 6 GeV/c), baryon production in Au+Au collisions is enhanced compared to p+p collisions. Since charm baryon decays produce electrons less frequently than charm meson decays, the non-photonic electron spectrum is sensitive to the Lambda_c/D ratio. In this report we study the dependence of the non-photonic electron

Stefano Bolognesi

By analogy with the multi-vortices, we show that also multi-monopoles become magnetic bags in the large n limit. This simplification allows us to compute the spectrum and the profile functions by requiring the minimization of the energy of the bag. We consider in detail the case of the magnetic bag in the limit of vanishing potential and we find that it satu

Daniel R. Terno

A coarse-graining of spin networks is expressed in terms of partial tracing, thus allowing to use tools of quantum information theory. This is illustrated by the analysis of a simple black hole model, where the logarithmic correction of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is shown to be equal to the total amount of correlations on the horizon. Finally other appli

Victor J. W. Guo, Jiang Zeng

Generalizing a sequence of Lambert, Cayley and Ramanujan, Chapoton has recently introduced a polynomial sequence Q_n:=Q_n(x,y,z,t) defined by Q_1=1, Q_{n+1}=[x+nz+(y+t)(n+y\partial_y)]Q_n. In this paper we prove Chapoton&#39;s conjecture on the duality formula: Q_n(x,y,z,t)=Q_n(x+nz+nt,y,-t,-z), and answer his question about the combinatorial interpretation

ANITA collaboration, S. W. Barwick, J. J. Beatty, D. Z. Besson

We report new limits on cosmic neutrino fluxes from the test flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) experiment, which completed an 18.4 day flight of a prototype long-duration balloon payload, called ANITA-lite, in early 2004. We search for impulsive events that could be associated with ultra-high energy neutrino interactions in the ice,

Judd D. Bowman, Miguel F. Morales, Jacqueline N. Hewitt

Constraints on cosmological parameters from upcoming measurements with the Mileura Widefield Array-Low Frequency Demonstrator (MWA-LFD) of the redshifted 21 cm power spectrum are forecast assuming a flat LCDM cosmology and that the reionization of neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium occurs below a redshift of z=8. We find that observations with the

I. A. Batalin, K. Bering, P. H. Damgaard

We consider the problem of covariant gauge-fixing in the most general setting of the field-antifield formalism, where the action W and the gauge-fixing part X enter symmetrically and both satisfy the Quantum Master Equation. Analogous to the gauge-generating algebra of the action W, we analyze the possibility of having a reducible gauge-fixing algebra of X.

Marco Aldi, Eric Zaslow

We compute Seidel's mirror map for abelian varieties by constructing the homogeneous coordinate rings from the Fukaya category of the symplectic mirrors. The computations are feasible as only linear holomorphic disks contribute to the Fukaya composition in the case of the planar Lagrangians used. The map depends on a symplectomorphism $\rho$ representing the

Prashant

Paper is taken out with immediate effect.

Matthew McQuinn, Oliver Zahn, Matias Zaldarriaga, Lars Hernquist

A number of radio interferometers are currently being planned or constructed to observe 21 cm emission from reionization. Not only will such measurements provide a detailed view of that epoch, but, since the 21 cm emission also traces the distribution of matter in the Universe, this signal can be used to constrain cosmological parameters at 6 < z < 20. The s

Andrea P. Buccino, Guillermo A. Lemarchand, Pablo J. D. Mauas

Ultraviolet radiation is known to inhibit photosynthesis, induce DNA destruction and cause damage to a wide variety of proteins and lipids. In particular, UV radiation between 200-300 nm becomes energetically very damaging to most of the terrestrial biological systems. On the other hand, UV radiation is usually considered one of the most important energy sou

Victor Yakhot

According to modern developments in turbulence theory, the &#34;dissipation&#34; scales (u.v. cut-offs) $η$ form a random field related to velocity increments $δ_ηu$. In this work we, using Mellin&#39;s transform combined with the Gaussain large -scale boundary condition, calculate probability densities (PDFs) of velocity increments $P(δ_{r}u,r)$ and the PDF

D. Gazit, S. Bacca, N. Barnea, W. Leidemann

The 4He total photoabsorption cross section is calculated with the realistic nucleon-nucleon potential Argonne V18 and the three-nucleon force (3NF) Urbana IX. Final state interaction is included rigorously via the Lorentz Integral Transform method. A rather pronounced giant resonance with peak cross sections of 3 (3.2) mb is obtained with (without) 3NF. Abo

F. Reese Harvey, H. Blaine Lawson

A d-bar-analogue of differential characters for complex manifolds is introduced and studied using a new theory of homological spark complexes. Many essentially different spark complexes are shown to have isomorphic groups of spark classes. This has many consequences: It leads to an analytic representation of O*-gerbes with connection, it yields a soft resolu

G. Heimel, M. Daghofer, J. Gierschner, E. J. W. List

The absorption and emission spectra of most luminescent, pi-conjugated, organic molecules are the mirror image of each other. In some cases, however, this symmetry is severely broken. In the present work, the asymmetry between the absorption and fluorescence spectra in molecular systems consisting of para-linked phenyl rings is studied. The vibronic structur

C. B. Lang, Pushan Majumdar, Wolfgang Ortner

Considering Ginsparg-Wilson type fermions dynamically in lattice QCD simulations is a challenging task. The hope is to be able to approach smaller pion masses and to eventually reach physical situations. The price to pay is substantially higher computational costs. Here we discuss first results of a dynamical implementation of the so-called Chirally Improved

John Ellis, V. E. Mayes, D. V. Nanopoulos

We calculate the spectra of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in an explicit top-down model based on the decays of metastable neutral `crypton&#39; states in a flipped SU(5) string model. For each of the eight specific 10th-order superpotential operators that might dominate crypton decays, we calculate the spectra of both protons and photons, using a co

Sigbjorn Hervik, Woei Chet Lim

We use the dynamical systems approach to investigate the Bianchi type VIII models with a tilted $γ$-law perfect fluid. We introduce expansion-normalised variables and investigate the late-time asymptotic behaviour of the models and determine the late-time asymptotic states. For the Bianchi type VIII models the state space is unbounded and consequently, for a

Yuri N. Efremov

Most star complexes are in fact complexes of stars, clusters and gas clouds; term &#34;star complexes&#34; was introduced as general one disregarding the preferential content of a complex. Generally the high rate of star formation in a complex is accompanied by the high number of bound clusters, including massive ones, what was explained by the high gas pres

Julien Mozziconacci, Christophe Lavelle, Maria Barbi, Annick Lesne

During the eukaryotic cell cycle, chromatin undergoes several conformational changes, which are believed to play key roles in gene expression regulation during interphase, and in genome replication and division during mitosis. In this paper, we propose a scenario for chromatin structural reorganization during mitosis, which bridges all the different scales i

Mark Gieles, Soeren Larsen, Nate Bastian, Ilaan Stein

We introduce a method to relate a possible truncation of the star cluster mass function at the high mass end to the shape of the cluster luminosity function (LF). We compare the observed LFs of five galaxies containing young star clusters with synthetic cluster population models with varying initial conditions. The LF of the SMC, the LMC and NGC 5236 are cha

Yoshikata Kida

We obtain some classification result for the mapping class groups of compact orientable surfaces in terms of measure equivalence. In particular, the mapping class groups of different closed surfaces can not be measure equivalent. Moreover, we give various examples of discrete groups which are not measure equivalent to the mapping class groups. In the course

Wilfried Buchmuller, Joern Kersten, Kai Schmidt-Hoberg

We study gaugino-mediated supersymmetry breaking in a six-dimensional SO(10) orbifold GUT model where quarks and leptons are mixtures of brane and bulk fields. The couplings of bulk matter fields to the supersymmetry breaking brane field have to be suppressed in order to avoid large FCNCs. We derive bounds on the soft supersymmetry breaking parameters and ca

Zheng Ze Ma

A black hole can be regarded as a thermodynamic system described by a grand canonical ensemble. In this paper, we study the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of higher-dimensional rotating black holes using the Euclidean path-integral method of Gibbons and Hawking. We give a general proof demonstrating that ignoring quantum corrections, the Bekenstein-Hawking entro

David Andrieux, Pierre Gaspard

A fluctuation theorem is proved for the macroscopic currents of a system in a nonequilibrium steady state, by using Schnakenberg network theory. The theorem can be applied, in particular, in reaction systems where the affinities or thermodynamic forces are defined globally in terms of the cycles of the graph associated with the stochastic process describing

Geza Odor, Nora Menyhard

A stochastic cellular automaton exhibiting parity conserving class transition has been investigated in the presence of quenched spatial disorder by large scale simulations. Numerical evidence has been found that weak disorder causes irrelevant perturbation for the universal behavior of the transition and the absorbing phase of this model. This opens up the p

A. B. Kaidalov, Yu. A. Simonov

Glueball masses with J<=7 are computed both for C=+1 and C=-1 using the string Hamiltonian derived in the framework of the Vacuum Correlator Method. No fitting parameters are used, and masses are expressed in terms of string tension $σ$ and effective value of $α_s$. We extend the calculations done for J<=3 using the same Hamiltonian, which provided glueball

Costas G. Papadopoulos, Malgorzata Worek

We present an alternative method to calculate cross sections for multi-parton scattering processes in the Standard Model at leading order. The helicity amplitudes are computed using recursion relations in the number of particles, based on Dyson-Schwinger equations whereas the summation over colour and helicity configurations is performed by Monte Carlo metho

M. Gronau, J. Zupan

Quasi two-body decays B^0(t)-> a_1^{+-}(1260) pi^{-+} identified by four charged pions determine a phase alpha_eff, which is equal to the weak phase alpha in the limit of vanishing penguin amplitudes. Applying flavor SU(3) to these decays and to B->a_1 K and B->K_1 pi, with K_1 an admixture of K_1(1270) and K_1(1400), we derive expressions providing bounds o

Kohta Murase, Shigehiro Nagataki

High energy neutrino emission from GRBs is discussed. In this paper, by using the simulation kit GEANT4, we calculate proton cooling efficiency including pion-multiplicity and proton-inelasticity in photomeson production. First, we estimate the maximum energy of accelerated protons in GRBs. Using the obtained results, neutrino flux from one burst and a diffu

Wung-Hong Huang

We first apply the transformation of mixing azimuthal and internal coordinate or mixing time and internal coordinate to the 11D M-theory with a stack N M2-branes to find the spacetime of a stack of N D2-branes with magnetic or electric flux in 10 D IIA string theory, after the Kaluza-Klein reduction. We then perform the T duality to the spacetime to find the

S. Charzyński, G. Rudolph, M. Schmidt

We study the topological structure of the quotient of $SU(3)\times SU(3)$ by diagonal conjugation. This is the simplest nontrivial example for the classical reduced configuration space of chromodynamics on a spatial lattice in the Hamiltonian approach. We construct a cell complex structure of the quotient in such a way that the closures of strata are subcomp

D. Arnaudon, N. Crampe, A. Doikou, L. Frappat

We consider the N-site U_{q}(gl(N)) integrable spin chain with periodic and open diagonal soliton-preserving boundary conditions. By employing analytical Bethe ansatz techniques we are able to determine the spectrum and the corresponding Bethe ansatz equations for the general case, where each site of the spin chain is associated to any representation of U_{q

M. Takeuchi, T. Takano, S. Ichihara, A. Yamaguchi

We report the development of a fast pulse polarimeter for the application to quantum non-demolition measurement of atomic spin (Spin QND). The developed system was tunable to the atomic resonance of ytterbium atom and has narrow laser linewidth suitable for spin QND. Using the developed polarimeter, we successfully demonstrated the measurement of the vacuum

Manfred Lindner, Markus Michael Muller

Boltzmann equations are often used to study the thermal evolution of particle reaction networks. Prominent examples are the computation of the baryon asymmetry of the universe and the evolution of the quark-gluon plasma after relativistic heavy ion collisions. However, Boltzmann equations are only a classical approximation of the quantum thermalization proce

Zheng Ze Ma

For a black hole&#39;s spacetime manifold in the Euclidean signature, its metric is positive definite and therefore a Riemannian manifold. It can be regarded as a gravitational instanton and a topological characteristic which is the Euler number is associated. In this paper we derive a formula for the Euler numbers of four-dimensional rotating black holes by

Paul McFadden, Neil Turok, Paul J. Steinhardt

We solve for the cosmological perturbations in a five-dimensional background consisting of two separating or colliding boundary branes, as an expansion in the collision speed V divided by the speed of light c. Our solution permits a detailed check of the validity of four-dimensional effective theory in the vicinity of the event corresponding to the big crunc

Bobby S. Acharya, Roberto Valandro

We calculate the contribution to the proton decay amplitude from Kaluza-Klein lepto-quarks in theories with extra dimensions, localised fermions and gauge fields which propagate in the bulk. Such models naturally occur within the context of M-theory. In SU(5) models we show that carefully including all such modes gives a distinctive pattern of decays through

Sandro Mattarei

It is known that the weight (that is, the number of nonzero coefficients) of a univariate polynomial over a field of characteristic zero is larger than the multiplicity of any of its nonzero roots. We extend this result to an appropriate statement in positive characteristic. Furthermore, we present a new proof of the original result, which produces also the

M. Lindner, A. Merle, W. Rodejohann

We analyze the impact of a measurement, or of an improved bound, on theta_{13} for the determination of the effective neutrino mass in neutrino-less double beta decay and cosmology. In particular, we discuss how an improved limit on (or a specific value of) theta_{13} can influence the determination of the neutrino mass spectrum via neutrino-less double beta

R. Resta

The ground-state fluctuation of polarization P is finite in insulators and divergent in metals, owing to the SWM sum rule [I. Souza, T. Wilkens, and R. M. Martin, Phys. Rev. B 62, 1666 (2000)]. This is a virtue of periodic (i.e. transverse) BCs. I show that within any other boundary conditions the P fluctuation is finite even in metals, and a generalized sum

Kirill E. Nagaev

We show how the semiclassical Langevin method can be extended to calculations of higher-than-second cumulants of noise. These cumulants are affected by indirect correlations between the fluctuations, which may be considered as &#34;noise of noise.&#34; We formulate simple diagrammatic rules for calculating the higher cumulants and apply them to mesoscopic di

E. A. Paschos, A. Kartavtsev, G. J. Gounaris

The main part of coherent pion production by neutrinos on nuclei is essentially determined by PCAC, provided that the leptonic momentum transferred square Q^2 remains sufficiently small. We give the formulas for the charged and neutral current cross sections, including also the small non-PCAC transverse current contributions and taking into account the effec

Indranil Biswas, Vicente Munoz

Let $(X,x_0)$ be any one--pointed compact connected Riemann surface of genus $g$, with $g\geq 3$. Fix two mutually coprime integers $r>1$ and $d$. Let ${\mathcal M}_X$ denote the moduli space parametrizing all logarithmic $\text{SL}(r,{\mathbb C})$--connections, singular over $x_0$, on vector bundles over $X$ of degree $d$. We prove that the isomorphism clas

Albrecht Wurtz

The symmetry preserving D-branes in coset theories have previously been described as being centered around projections of products of conjugacy classes in the underlying Lie groups. Here, we investigate the coset where a diagonal action of SU(2) is divided out from SU(2)\times SU(2). The corresponding target space is described as a (3-dimensional) pillow wit

E. Matagne

It is known that the electromagnetic constitutive tensor can be algebraically decomposed in three parts: the so-called principal part, the axion part and the skewon part (see gr-qc/0506042). The aim of this paper is to provide a deeper decomposition of the principal part.

Andreas Karch, Andy O&#39;Bannon, Kostas Skenderis

We perform holographic renormalization for probe branes in AdS_5 x S^5. We show that for four known probe D-branes wrapping an AdS_m x S^n, the counterterms needed to render the action finite are identical to those for the free, massive scalar in AdS_m plus counterterms for the renormalization of the volume of AdS_m. The four cases we consider are the probe

Kai P. Schmidt, Götz S. Uhrig

We propose a versatile approach to treat commonly arising constraints. It is illustrated for interacting magnons of the Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a square lattice. For systems of $L\times L$ sites a non-perturbative continuous unitary transformation (CUT) is used to derive an effective Hamiltonian conserving the number of magnons. They are bosonic partic

Kenji Fukushima

We discuss how to implement the source terms in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) respecting gauge invariance and noncommutativity of color charge density operators. We start with decomposing the generating functional of QCD into constituents projected to have specified color charge density. We demonstrate that such a projection leads to the gauge invariant sourc

Hiroyuki Kawamura, Jiro Kodaira, Hirotaka Shimizu, Kazuhiro Tanaka

We discuss the transverse momentum Q_T distribution of Drell-Yan pair, produced in collisions of transversely polarized protons. We calculate the transversely polarized Drell-Yan cross section up to order α_s in the dimensional regularization scheme, which gives QCD prediction at large Q_T. For small Q_T region, we include all-orders resummation of large log

Jyh-Haur Teh

Using morphic cohomology, we produce a sequence of conjectures, called morphic conjectures, which terminates at the Grothendieck standard conjecture A. A refinement of Hodge structures is given, and with the assumption of morphic conjectures, we prove a Hodge index theorem. We answer a question of Friedlander and Lawson by assuming the Grothendieck standard

J. Ponce de Leon

We point out that the field equations in 5D, with spatial spherical symmetry, possess an extra symmetry that leaves them invariant. This symmetry corresponds to certain simultaneous interchange of coordinates and metric coefficients. As a consequence a single solution in 5D can generate very different scenarios in 4D, ranging from static configurations to co

Takeshi Oota, Yukinori Yasui

Symplectic potentials are presented for a wide class of five dimensional toric Sasaki-Einstein manifolds, including L^{a,b,c} which was recently constructed by Cvetic et al. The spectrum of the scalar Laplacian on L^{a,b,c} is also studied. The eigenvalue problem leads to two Heun&#39;s differential equations and the exponents at regular singularities are di

Tatsuhiko Yagasaki

Suppose M is a noncompact connected n-manifold and m is a good Radon measure of M with m(bdry M) = 0. Let H(M; m) denote the group of m-preserving homeomorphisms of M equipped with the compact-open topology and H_E(M; m) denote the subgroup consisting of all h in H(M; m) which fix the ends of M. Each h in H_E(M; m) moves mass toward ends and this quantity is

Ki-Seok Choi, Seung-il Nam, Atsushi Hosaka, Hyun-Chul Kim

We study the $η$-photoproduction focusing on the new nucleon resonance which was observed at $\sqrt{s}=1675$ MeV with a narrow decay width ($\sim 10$ MeV) in the recent GRAAL experiment. Using an effective Lagrangian approach, we compute differential cross sections for the $η$-photoproduction. In addition to $N^*(1675)$, we employ three other nucleon resonan

F. Y. Wang, Z. G. Dai

A new method of measuring cosmology with gamma-ray bursts(GRBs) has been proposed by Liang and Zhang recently. In this method, only observable quantities including the rest frame peak energy of the νF_νspectrum (E&#39;_p), the isotropic energy of GRB (E_{γ,iso}), and the break time of the optical afterglow light curves in the rest frame (t&#39;_b) are used.

Antti O. Niskanen, Yasunobu Nakamura, Jaw-Shen Tsai

We discuss a practical design for tunably coupling a pair of flux qubits via the quantum inductance of a third high-frequency qubit. The design is particularly well suited for realizing a recently proposed microwave-induced parametric coupling scheme. This is attractive because the qubits can always remain at their optimal points. Furthermore, we will show t

Alexander Yu. Vlasov

It is discussed an opportunity to introduce new class of quantum algorithms based on possibility to express amplitude of transition between two states of quantum system as sum of some function along all possible classical paths. Continuous analogue of the property with integral on all possible paths is well known due to Feynman approach and ensures the corre

Przemyslaw Koscik, Anna Okopinska

The power series method has been adapted to compute the spectrum of the Schrodinger equation for central potential of the form $V(r)={d_{-2}\over r^2}+{d_{-1}\over r}+\sum_{i=0}^{\infty} d_{i}r^i$. The bound-state energies are given as zeros of a calculable function, if the potential is confined in a spherical box. For an unconfined potential the interval bo

Italo Guarneri, Laura Rebuzzini, Shmuel Fishman

The stable periodic orbits of an area-preserving map on the 2-torus, which is formally a variant of the Standard Map, have been shown to explain the quantum accelerator modes that were discovered in experiments with laser-cooled atoms. We show that their parametric dependence exhibits Arnol&#39;d-like tongues and perform a perturbative analysis of such struc

Pranab Sen

We show that measuring any two quantum states by a random POVM, under a suitable definition of randomness, gives probability distributions having total variation distance at least a universal constant times the Frobenius distance between the two states, with high probability. This result gives us the first sufficient condition and an information-theoretic so

N. Sangouard

We present a protocol to construct an arbitrary quantum circuit. The quantum bits (qubits) are encoded in polarisation states of single photons. They are stored in spatially separated dense media deposed in an optical cavity. Specific sequences of pulses address individually the storage media to encode the qubits and to implement a universal set of gates. Th

Sergio Albeverio, Laura Cattaneo, Shao-Ming Fei, Xiao-Hong Wang

The equivalence problem under local unitary transformation for $n$--partite pure states is reduced to the one for $(n-1)$--partite mixed states. In particular, a tripartite system $\mathcal{H}_A\otimes\mathcal{H}_B\otimes\mathcal{H}_C$, where $\mathcal{H}_j$ is a finite dimensional complex Hilbert space for $j=A,B,C$, is considered and a set of invariants un

A. Papageorgiou, J. F. Traub

The number of qubits used by a quantum algorithm will be a crucial computational resource for the foreseeable future. We show how to obtain the classical query complexity for continuous problems. We then establish a simple formula for a lower bound on the qubit complexity in terms of the classical query complexity

Ming Yang, Zhuo-Liang Cao

In this paper, we propose a novel scheme to generate two-ion maximally entangled states from either pure product states or mixed states using linear optics. Our new scheme is mainly based on the ionic interference. Because the proposed scheme can generate pure maximally entangled states from mixed states, we denote it as purification-like generation scheme.

A. Amatori, J. Ferkinghoff-Borg, G. Tiana, R. A. Broglia

The thermodynamics of the small SH3 protein domain is studied by means of a simplified model where each bead-like amino acid interacts with the others through a contact potential controlled by a 20x20 random matrix. Good folding sequences, characterized by a low native energy, display three main thermodynamical phases, namely a coil-like phase, an unfolded g

Jad Abdallah, Renee Kern, Abderrahim Malki, Viola Eckey

We cloned, expressed and purified the Escherichia coli yhbO gene product, which is homolog to the Bacillus subtilis general stress protein 18 (the yfkM gene product), the Pyrococcus furiosus intracellular protease PfpI, and the human Parkinson disease protein DJ-1. The gene coding for YhbO was generated by amplifying the yhbO gene from E. coli by polymerase

Emmanuel Tannenbaum

In this note, we present a hypothesis for the emergence of the phenomenon of sleep in organisms with sufficiently developed central nervous systems. We argue that sleep emerges because individual neurons must periodically enter a resting state and perform various ``garbage collection&#39;&#39; activities. Because the proper functioning of the central nervous

V. Boyer, R. M. Godun, G. Smirne, D. Cassettari

We manipulate a Bose-Einstein condensate using the optical trap created by the diffraction of a laser beam on a fast ferro-electric liquid crystal spatial light modulator. The modulator acts as a phase grating which can generate arbitrary diffraction patterns and be rapidly reconfigured at rates up to 1 kHz to create smooth, time-varying optical potentials.

Pascal Pons, Matthieu Latapy

Dense subgraphs of sparse graphs (communities), which appear in most real-world complex networks, play an important role in many contexts. Computing them however is generally expensive. We propose here a measure of similarities between vertices based on random walks which has several important advantages: it captures well the community structure in a network

M. Rosvall, K. Sneppen

This paper introduces a model of self-organization between communication and topology in social networks, with a feedback between different communication habits and the topology. To study this feedback, we let agents communicate to build a perception of a network and use this information to create strategic links. We observe a narrow distribution of links wh

Y. S. Dimant, M. M. Oppenheim

A meteoroid penetrating the Earth&#39;s atmosphere leaves behind a trail of dense plasma in the E-region ionosphere, a region where electrons are strongly magnetized while ions are demagnetized due to their frequent collisions with neutrals. While radar measurements of meteor trail evolution have been collected and used to infer meteor and atmospheric proper

Domenico Giulini

Retrospectively, in 1905, Special Relativity seemed palpably close; it was &#34;in the air&#34;. But apparently it needed the fresh approach of an unprejudiced newcomer, Einstein, to take the final step. I report, in a pedagogical fashion, on the scientific background that triggered the formulation of Special Relativity and also on the role of Lorentz and Po

Wang Guowen

We have calculated the momentum distributions of nanoparticles in diffraction and interference dependent on the effective screening mass parameter or size parameter and presented the calculations for a nanoparticle inside an infinite square potential well and for a tunnelling nanoparticle through a square potential barrier. These results display the transiti

Claudio Conti, Marco Peccianti, Gaetano Assanto

With reference to spatially non-local nematic liquid crystals, we develop a theory of optical spatial solitons and modulational instability in anisotropic media with arbitrarily large birefringence. Asymmetric spatial profiles and multivalued features are predicted for self-localized light versus walk-off angle. The results hold valid for generic self-focusi

D. Stauffer

Biological, linguistic, sociological and economical applications of statistical physics are reviewed here. They have been made on a variety of computers over a dozen years, not only at the NIC computers. A longer description can be found in our new book, an emphasis on teaching in Eur.J.Phys. 26, S 79 and AIP Conf. Proc. 779, 49, 56, 69 and 75.

P. Azzurri

With over 200 square meters of sensitive Silicon and almost 10 million readout channels, the Silicon Strip Tracker of the CMS experiment at the LHC will be the largest Silicon strip detector ever built. The design, construction and expected performance of the CMS Tracker is reviewed in the following.

Jingbiao Chen

This letter presents the principles and techniques of active optical clock, a special laser combining the laser physics of one-atom laser, bad-cavity gas laser, super-cavity stabilized laser and optical atomic clock. As an example, a compact version of active optical clock based on thermal Strontium atomic beam shows a quantum-limited linewidth of 0.51 Hz, w

S. Courrech du Pont, J. Eggers

In our experiment, an interface between a viscous liquid and air is deformed by a sink flow of constant flow rate to form a sharp tip. Using a microscope, the interface shape is recorded down to a tip size of 1 $\rm{μm}$. The curvature at the tip is controlled by the distance $h$ between the tip and the sink. As a critical distance $h^{\star}$ is approached,

S. Aune, T. Dafni, G. Fanourakis, E. Ferrer Ribas

The gaseous Micromegas detector designed for the CERN Axion search experiment CAST, operated smoothly during Phase-I, which included the 2003 and 2004 running periods. It exhibited linear response in the energy range of interest (1-10keV), good spatial sensitivity and energy resolution (15-19% FWHM at 5.9keV)as well as remarkable stability. The detector&#39;

Z. A. Dupre, T. J. Buervenich

We present a microscopic model for the calculation of alpha-decay half lives employing potentials obtained from relativistic and non-relativistic self-consistent mean-field models. The nuclear and Coulomb potentials are used to obtain the tunneling probability and, in one model variant, also the knocking frequency. The model contains only one parameter. We c

J. Knoll, F. Riek, Yu. B. Ivanov, D. N. Voskresensky

The effects of the propagation of particles which have a finite life-time and an according broad distribution in their mass spectrum are discussed in the context of a transport descriptions. In the first part some example cases of mesonic modes in nuclear matter at finite densities and temperatures are presented. These equilibrium calculations illustrate the