November 2007 arXiv papers — page 43

Jean-Christophe Aval

The aim of this work is to study some lattice diagram determinants $Δ_L(X,Y)$. We recall that $M_L$ denotes the space of all partial derivatives of $Δ_L$. In this paper, we want to study the space $M^k_{i,j}(X,Y)$ which is defined as the sum of $M_L$ spaces where the lattice diagrams $L$ are obtained by removing $k$ cells from a given partition, these cells

Jean-Christophe Aval

The aim of this work is to construct a monomial and explicit basis for the space $M_μ$ relative to the $n!$ conjecture. We succeed completely for hook-shaped partitions, i.e. $μ=(K+1,1^L)$. We are indeed able to exhibit a basis and to verify that its cardinality is $n!$, that it is linearly independent and that it spans $M_μ$. We deduce from this study an ex

Jean-Christophe Aval

The purpose of this paper is to find a new way to prove the $n!$ conjecture for particular partitions. The idea is to construct a monomial and explicit basis for the space $M_μ$. We succeed completely for hook-shaped partitions, i.e., $μ=(K+1,1^L)$. We are able to exhibit a basis and to verify that its cardinality is indeed $n!$, that it is linearly independ

Jean-Christophe Aval

We prove a lemma that is useful to get upper bounds for the number of partitions without a given subsum. From this we can deduce an improved upper bound for the number of sets represented by the (unrestricted or into unequal parts) partitions of an integer n.

Lars Halvard Halle

We study stable reduction of curves in the case where a tamely ramified base extension is sufficient. If X is a smooth curve defined over the fraction field of a strictly henselian discrete valuation ring, there is a criterion, due to T. Saito, that describes precisely, in terms of the geometry of the minimal model with strict normal crossings of X, when a t

Alex Boer, Eduard Looijenga

We determine the projectively flat unitary structure on abelian conformal blocks in terms of WZW-data.

C. P. Panos, K. Ch. Chatzisavvas

A general methodology to study public opinion inspired from information and complexity theories is outlined. It is based on probabilistic data extracted from opinion polls. It gives a quantitative information-theoretic explanation of high job approval of Greek Prime Minister Mr. Constantinos Karamanlis (2004-2007), while the same time series of polls conduct

Alessandro Mei, Julinda Stefa

In this paper we consider security-related and energy-efficiency issues in multi-hop wireless networks. We start our work from the observation, known in the literature, that shortest path routing creates congested areas in multi-hop wireless networks. These areas are critical--they generate both security and energy efficiency issues. We attack these problems

Y. Momany, E. V. Held, I. Saviane, S. Zaggia

In the context of dwarf spheroidal galaxies it is hard to firmly disentangle a genuine Blue Stragglers (BSS) population from a normal young main (MS) sequence. This difficulty is persistent. For a sample of 9 non-star forming Local Group dwarf galaxies we compute the ``BSS frequency'' and compare it with that found in the Milky Way globular/open clus

A. Gomez, V. Berger, N. Pere-Laperne, L. A. De Vaulchier

We explore a regime of unipolar electronic transport in a multiple quantum well structure with very large current discontinuities - up to five orders of magnitude. Magneto-transport experiments reveal different transport regimes. Quantum well impact ionization shifts the structure from a resistive down state, where the current flows through inter-well quantu

M. Buric, D. Latas, V. Radovanovic, J. Trampetic

In this paper we show that in the noncommutative chiral gauge theories the 4-fermion vertices are finite. The $4ψ$-vertices appear in linear order in quantization of the $θ$-expanded noncommutative gauge theories; in all previously considered models, based on Dirac fermions, the $4ψ$-vertices were divergent and nonrenormalizable.

Riccardo Franco

In the present article we use the quantum formalism to describe the effects of risk and ambiguity in decision theory. The main idea is that the probabilities in the classic theory of expected utility are estimated probabilities, and thus do not follow the classic laws of probability theory. In particular, we show that it is possible to use consistently the c

Hyeong-Chan Kim, Rong-Gen Cai

Rotating charged Gauss-Bonnet black hole solutions in higher dimensional ($d >4$), asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime are obtained in the small angular momentum limit. The angular momentum, magnetic dipole moment, and the gyromagnetic ratio of the black holes are calculated and it turns out that the Gauss-Bonnet term does not affect to the gyromagnetic

Gabriel H. Paissan, Damian H. Zanette

We consider an extension of Kuramoto's model of coupled phase oscillators where oscillator pairs interact with different strengths. When the coupling coefficient of each pair can be separated into two different factors, each one associated to an oscillator, Kuramoto's theory for the transition to synchronization can be explicitly generalized, and the

C. Grillo, M. Lombardi, G. Bertin

We show how the combination of observations related to strong gravitational lensing and stellar dynamics in ellipticals offers a new way to measure the cosmological matter and dark-energy density parameters. A gravitational lensing estimate of the mass enclosed inside the Einstein circle can be obtained by measuring the Einstein angle, once the critical dens

T. Melde, W. Plessas

Constituent quark models provide a reasonable description of the baryon mass spectra. However, even in the light- and strange-flavor sectors several intriguing shortcomings remain. Especially with regard to strong decays of baryon resonances no consistent picture has so far emerged, and the existing experimental data cannot be explained in a satisfactory man

Ivana Alexandrova, Jean-Francois Bony, Thierry Ramond

We study the microlocal structure of the resolvent of the semi-classical Schrodinger operator with short range potential at an energy which is a unique non-degenerate global maximum of the potential. We prove that it is a semi-classical Fourier integral operator quantizing the incoming and outgoing Lagrangian submanifolds associated to the fixed hyperbolic p

H. Alloul, J. Bobroff, M. Gabay, P. J. Hirschfeld

In materials with strong local Coulomb interactions, simple defects such as atomic substitutions strongly affect both macroscopic and local properties of the system. A nonmagnetic impurity, for instance, is seen to induce magnetism nearby. Even without disorder, models of such correlated systems are generally not soluble in 2 or 3 dimensions, and so few exac

Judith Rousseau, Brunero Liseo

Let $\mathbf {X}=\{X_t, t=1,2,... \}$ be a stationary Gaussian random process, with mean $EX_t=μ$ and covariance function $γ(τ)=E(X_t-μ)(X_{t+τ}-μ)$. Let $f(λ)$ be the corresponding spectral density; a stationary Gaussian process is said to be long-range dependent, if the spectral density $f(λ)$ can be written as the product of a slowly varying function $\ti

Damian H. Zanette, Sebastian Risau Gusman

We study the spreading of an infection within an SIS epidemiological model on a network. Susceptible agents are given the opportunity of breaking their links with infected agents. Broken links are either permanently removed or reconnected with the rest of the population. Thus, the network coevolves with the population as the infection progresses. We show tha

M. I. Katsnelson, V. Yu. Irkhin, L. Chioncel, A. I. Lichtenstein

A review of new developments in theoretical and experimental electronic structure investigations of half-metallic ferromagnets (HMF) is presented. Being semiconductors for one spin projection and metals for another ones, these substances are promising magnetic materials for applications in spintronics (i.e., spin-dependent electronics). Classification of HMF

Koji Hukushima, Yukito Iba

We develop a recently proposed importance-sampling Monte Carlo algorithm for sampling rare events and quenched variables in random disordered systems. We apply it to a two dimensional bond-diluted Ising model and study the Griffiths singularity which is considered to be due to the existence of rare large clusters. It is found that the distribution of the inv

D. R. Grigore, G. Scharf

Both massless and massive gravity are derived from descent equations (Wess-Zumino consistency conditions). The massive theory is a continuous deformation of the massless one.

Chris L. Fryer, Steven Diehl

We review the current state of the art in double degenerate merger simulations to better understand the role this phenomenon plays in type Ia progenitors. Because the fate of a merged system may well depend on the exact evolution of the matter temperature (as well as mixing of the merged system), precision simulations are required to determine the true fate

Stefan Krömer, Markus Lilli

The purpose of this paper is to provide tools for analyzing the compactness of sequences in Sobolev spaces, in particular if the sequence gets mapped onto a compact set by some nonlinear operator. Here, our focus lies on a very general class of nonlinear operators arising in quasilinear systems of partial differential equations of second order, in divergence

S. Frey, L. I. Gurvits, Z. Paragi, L. Mosoni

Context: The Deep Extragalactic VLBI-Optical Survey (DEVOS) aims at constructing a large sample of compact radio sources up to two orders of magnitude fainter than those studied in other Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) surveys. Optical identification of the objects is ensured by selecting them from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) list. Aims: Whi

I. Tikhonenkov, A. Vardi

We study the collective two-channel dissociation dynamics of a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate into bosonic fragments under tight harmonic confinement. Bose-stimulated dissociation in either channel can only take place provided that the respective trap size $l_i$ for the fragments is large with respect to the healing length $ζ_i$ of the atom-molecule reso

Vasily E. Tarasov

The Liouville equation, first Bogoliubov hierarchy and Vlasov equations with derivatives of non-integer order are derived. Liouville equation with fractional derivatives is obtained from the conservation of probability in a fractional volume element. This equation is used to obtain Bogoliubov hierarchy and fractional kinetic equations with fractional derivat

L. A. Fernandez, A. Gordillo-Guerrero, V. Martin-Mayor, J. J. Ruiz-Lorenzo

We present the first detailed numerical study in three dimensions of a first-order phase transition that remains first-order in the presence of quenched disorder (specifically, the ferromagnetic/paramagnetic transition of the site-diluted four states Potts model). A tricritical point, which lies surprisingly near to the pure-system limit and is studied by me

I. Tikhonenkov, E. Pazy, Y. B. Band, A. Vardi

Pair operators for boson and fermion atoms generate SU(1,1) and SU(2) Lie algebras, respectively. Consequently, the pairing of boson and fermion atoms into diatomic molecules via Feshbach resonances, produces SU(1,1) and SU(2) coherent states, making bosonic pairing the matter-wave equivalent of parametric coupling and fermion pairing equivalent to the Dicke

I. Tikhonenkov, B. A. Malomed, A. Vardi

Starting with a Gaussian variational ansatz, we predict anisotropic bright solitons in quasi-2D Bose-Einstein condensates consisting of atoms with dipole moments polarized \emph{perpendicular} to the confinement direction. Unlike isotropic solitons predicted for the moments aligned with the confinement axis [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{95}, 200404 (2005)], no s

Fernando Haas

The Weibel instability is analyzed for quantum plasmas described by the Wigner-Maxwell model. For a suitable class of electromagnetic potentials, the Wigner-Maxwell system is linearized yielding a general dispersion relation for transverse electromagnetic waves. For a double Gaussian equilibrium with temperature anisotropy, the derived dispersion relation ge

E. Vanzella, S. Cristiani, M. Dickinson, M. Giavalisco

Aims. We present the full data set of the spectroscopic campaign of the ESO/GOODS program in the GOODS-South field, obtained with the FORS2 spectrograph at the ESO/VLT. Method. Objects were selected as candidates for VLT/FORS2 observations primarily based on the expectation that the detection and measurement of their spectral features would benefit from the

Christian Lomp

Given a finite group G acting as automorphisms on a ring A, the skew group ring A*G is an important tool for studying the structure of G-stable ideals of A. The ring A*G is G-graded, i.e.G coacts on A*G. The Cohen-Montgomery duality says that the smash product A*G#k[G]^* of A*G with the dual group ring k[G]^* is isomorphic to the full matrix ring M_n(A) over

V. I. Yukalov

The fundamental problem is analized, the relation between Bose-Einstein condensation and spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking. This relation is largerly misunderstood in physics community. Numerous articles and books contain the statement that, though gauge symmetry breaking helps for describing Bose-Einstein condensation, but the latter, in principle, does n

Liu Hong, JinZhi Lei

The theory of transition between $α$-helix, $β$-sheet and random coil conformation of a protein is discussed through a simple model, that includes both short and long-range interactions. Besides the bonding parameter and helical initiation factor in Zimm-Bragg model, three new parameters are introduced to describe beta structure: the local constraint factor

F. Malek, M. Darche, F. Maaroufi

The first Congress on North-South collaboration in Physics research was held in Oujda Morocco, between April 9th and 13th, 2007. The congress was based on talks giving an overview of relevant subjects both from experiments and theory in all fields of physics. They focused on projects which could bring fruitful collaborations between Europe and under develope

M. D. Caballero-Garcia, J. M. Miller, E. Kuulkers

The origin of the high energy emission (X-rays and gamma-rays) from black holes is still a matter of debate. We present new evidence that hard X-ray emission in the low/hard state may not be dominated by thermal Comptonization. We present an alternative scenario for the origin of the high energy emission that is well suited to explain the high energy emissio

I. Waddington, S. J. Oliver, T. S. R. Babbedge, F. Fang

We investigate the clustering of galaxies selected in the 3.6 micron band of the Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic (SWIRE) legacy survey. The angular two-point correlation function is calculated for eleven samples with flux limits of S_3.6 > 4-400 mujy, over an 8 square degree field. The angular clustering strength is measured at >5-sigma significance

C. Ducourant, R. Teixeira, G. Chauvin, G. Daigne

In April 2004 the first image was obtained of a planetary mass companion (now known as 2M1207 b) in orbit around a self-luminous object different from our own Sun (the young brown dwarf 2MASSW J1207334-393254, hereafter 2M1207 A). 2M1207 b probably formed via fragmentation and gravitational collapse, offering proof that such a mechanism can form bodies in th

Vitaly B. Svetovoy

The physical origin of the negative thermal correction to the Casimir force between metals is clarified. For this purpose the asymptotic behavior of the thermal Casimir force is analyzed at large and small distances in the real frequency representation. Contributions from propagating and evanescent waves are considered separately. At large distances they can

Takayuki Tomaru, Masao Tokunari, Kazuaki Kuroda, Takashi Uchiyama

A large heat load caused by thermal radiation through a metal shield pipe was observed in a cooling test of a cryostat for a prototype of a cryogenic interferometric gravitational wave detector. The heat load was approximately 1000 times larger than the value calculated by the Stefan-Boltzmann law. We studied this phenomenon by simulation and experiment and

T. Kallinger, D. B. Guenther, J. M. Matthews, W. W. Weiss

The G9.5 giant eps Oph shows evidence of radial p-mode pulsations in both radial velocity and luminosity. We re-examine the observed frequencies in the photometry and radial velocities and find a best model fit to 18 of the 21 most significant photometric frequencies. The observed frequencies are matched to both radial and nonradial modes in the best model f

Manish K. Sahai, Surajit Sengupta

We study the structure of an interface in a three dimensional Ising system created by an external non-uniform field $H({\bf r},t)$. $H$ changes sign over a two dimensional plane of arbitrary orientation. When the field is pulled with velocity ${\bf v}_e$, (i.e. $H({\bf r},t) = H({\bf r - v_e}t)$), the interface undergoes a several dynamical transitions. For

P. Esposito, A. De Luca, A. Tiengo, A. Paizis

The X-ray source RX J0002+6246 was discovered close to the supernova remnant CTB1 in a ROSAT observation performed in 1992. The source phenomenology (soft spectrum, apparent lack of counterparts, possible pulsations at 242 ms, hints for surrounding diffuse emission) led to interpret it as an isolated neutron star in a new supernova remnant. We have analysed

A. Berera, D. Hochberg

The path integral for randomly forced incompressible fluids is shown to have an underlying Becchi-Rouet-Stora (BRS) symmetry as a consequence of Galilean invariance. This symmetry must be respected to have a consistent generating functional, free from both an overall infinite factor and spurious relations amongst correlation functions. We present a procedure

Zoran Levnajić, Bosiljka Tadić

We study two-dimensional chaotic standard maps coupled along the edges of scale-free trees and tree-like subgraph (4-star) with a non-symplectic coupling and time delay between the nodes. Apart from the chaotic and regular 2-periodic motion, the coupled map system exhibits variety of dynamical effects in a wide range of coupling strengths. This includes dyna

B. Pasquini, S. Boffi

The meson-cloud model of the nucleon consisting of a system of three valence quarks surrounded by a meson cloud is applied to study the electroweak structure of the proton and neutron. The electroweak nucleon form factors are calculated within a light-front approach, by obtaining an overall good description of the experimental data. Charge densities as a fun

Philipp Hägler

This is a review of progress in hadron structure physics from lattice QCD. Recent results on the structure of the nucleon and the pion in terms of (transition) form factors, moments of distribution amplitudes and (generalized) parton distribution functions are presented. These observables allow us to investigate a number of fundamental physics questions rela

Kenji Sawamura, Takashi Hiramatsu, Katsuhiro Ozaki, Ikuo Ichinose

In this paper we study the lattice CP$^1$ model in (3+1) dimensions coupled with a dynamical compact U(1) gauge field. This model is an effective field theory of the $s={1 \over 2}$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin model in three spatial dimensions. By means of Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate its phase structure. There exist the Higgs, Coulomb and c

Ion I. Cotăescu

Recently a new time-evolution picture of the Dirac quantum mechanics was defined in charts with spatially flat Robertson-Walker metrics, under the name of Schrödinger picture [I. I. Cotăescu, arXiv:0708.0734] . In the present paper new Dirac quantum modes are found in moving charts of the de Sitter spacetime using the technical advantages offered by this pic

Marius van der Put, Marc Reversat

An inhomogeneous linear differential equation Ly=f over a global differential field can have a formal solution for each place without having a global solution. The vector space lgl(L) measures this phenomenon. This space is interpreted in terms of cohomology of linear algebraic groups and is computed for abelian differential equations and for regular singula

U. Schwingenschloegl, C. Schuster

We report on surface effects on the electronic properties of interfaces in epitaxial LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ heterostructures. Our results are based on first-principles electronic structure calculations for well-relaxed multilayer configurations, terminated by an ultrathin LaAlO$_3$ surface layer. On varying the thickness of this layer, we find that the interfac

Robert Alicki, Fabio Benatti, Roberto Floreanini

Charge oscillations in certain nanodevices, more specifically the so-called Superconducting Cooper Pair Boxes (SCB), are usually interpreted as an effect of macroscopic quantum coherence; an alternative explanation is however possible in terms of the Gross-Pitaewski equation for the classical order parameter. These two explanations are based on different qua

Ghazi Bouselmi, Dominique Fohr, Irina Illina

In this paper, we present several adaptation methods for non-native speech recognition. We have tested pronunciation modelling, MLLR and MAP non-native pronunciation adaptation and HMM models retraining on the HIWIRE foreign accented English speech database. The ``phonetic confusion'' scheme we have developed consists in associating to each spoken ph

Zeqian Chen

We construct a Bell inequality from the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality for two qubits that provides a stronger bound on the correlations of entangled states than allowed by the CHSH inequality. The argument involved here can be generalized to $n$ qubits. The inequalities obtained are violated by all the generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states o

L. N. Lipatov, M. Rausch de Traubenberg, G. G. Volkov

Previouly a possible extension of the complex number, together with its connected trigonometry was introduced. In this paper we focuss on the simplest case of ternary complex numbers. Then, some types of holomorphicity adapted to the ternary complex numbers and the corresponding results upon integration of differential forms are given. Several physical appli

Avishay Gal-Yam, Dan Maoz, Puragra Guhathakurta, Alexei V. Filippenko

We describe the Wise Observatory Optical Transient Search (WOOTS), a survey for supernovae (SNe) and other variable and transient objects in the fields of redshift 0.06-0.2 Abell galaxy clusters. We present the survey design and data-analysis procedures, and our object detection and follow-up strategies. We have obtained follow-up spectroscopy for all viable

Cristina Butucea, Mathilde Mougeot, Karine Tribouley

We consider a multivariate density model where we estimate the excess mass of the unknown probability density $f$ at a given level $ν>0$ from $n$ i.i.d. observed random variables. This problem has several applications such as multimodality testing, density contour clustering, anomaly detection, classification and so on. For the first time in the literature w

H. -E. Froehlich

From high-precision MOST photometry spanning 35 days the existence of two spots rotating with slightly differing periods is confirmed. From the marginal probability distribution of the derived differential rotation parameter k its expectation value as well as confidence limits are computed directly from the data. The result depends on the assumed range in in

Soumitra SenGupta

We generalize the Randall Sundrum warped braneworld model in six and higher dimension and propose a resolution to the mass hierarchy among the standard model fermions. The fine tuning problem in connection with the scalar mass however is shown to reappear in a new guise in five dimensional warped model when the two form antisymmetric tensor fields, a massles

Stephen B. Connor, Wilfrid S. Kendall

Correction to Annals of Applied Probability 17 (2007) 781--808 [doi:10.1214/105051607000000032].

Yuan Xu, Xi Mi, Y. Z. Wu, Ke Xia

The spin dependent reflection at the interface is the key element to understand the spin transport. By completely solving the scattering problem based on first principles method, we obtained the spin resolved reflectivity spectra. The comparison of our theoretical results with experiment is good in a large energy scale from Fermi level to energy above vacuum

E. Harriss, O. Jenkinson

Let $T$ be an orientation-preserving Lipschitz expanding map of the circle $\T$. A pre-image selector is a map $τ:\T\to\T$ with finitely many discontinuities, each of which is a jump discontinuity, and such that $τ(x)\in T^{-1}(x)$ for all $x\in\T$. The closure of the image of a pre-image selector is called a flower, and a flower with $p$ connected component

Michael C. Cushing, Mark S. Marley, D. Saumon, Brandon C. Kelly

We present an analysis of the 0.95-14.5 micron spectral energy distributions of nine field ultracool dwarfs with spectral types ranging from L1 to T4.5. Effective temperatures, gravities, and condensate cloud sedimentation efficiencies are derived by comparing the data to synthetic spectra computed from atmospheric models that self-consistently include the f

Chi-Ken Lu, Sungkit Yip

The effects of absence of inversion symmetry on superconducting states are investigated theoretically. In particular we focus on the noncentrosymmetric compounds which have the cubic symmetry $O$ like Li$_2$Pt$_3$B. An appropriate and isotropic spin-orbital interaction is added in the Hamiltonian and it acts like a magnetic monopole in the momentum space. Th

H. M. Antia, S. M. Chitre, D. O. Gough

AIM: To study the variation of the angular momentum and the rotational kinetic energy of the Sun, and associated variations in the gravitational multipole moments, on a timescale of the solar cycle. METHOD: Inverting helioseismic rotational splitting data obtained by the Global Oscillation Network Group and by the Michelson Doppler Imager on the Solar and He

Vyacheslav Futorny, Marcos Jardim, Adriano Moura

We show that if A is an abelian category satisfying certain mild conditions, then one can introduce the concept of a moduli space of (semi)stable objects which has the structure of a projective algebraic variety. This idea is applied to several important abelian categories in representation theory, like highest weight categories.

A. B. Hassam

A "carpet" of torsional Alfven waves, resonantly excited in an annulus inside a toroidal conducting vessel, could maintain magnetized plasma inside of the annulus against the inherent outward expansion. Such toroidal magnetic confinement for fusion could present some advantages over conventional tokamaks. The idea could also be used to stabilize inte

Yi-feng Yang, David Pines

We present our finding that an especially simple scaling expression describes the formation of a new state of quantum matter, the Kondo Fermi liquid (KL) in heavy electron materials. Emerging at $T^*$ as a result of the collective coherent hybridization of localized f electrons and conduction electrons, the KL possesses a non-Landau density of states varying

Alejandro Corichi, Tatjana Vukasinac, Jose A. Zapata

The use of non-regular representations of the Heisenberg-Weyl commutation relations has proved to be useful for studying conceptual and technical issues in quantum gravity. Of particular relevance is the study of Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC), a symmetry reduced theory that is related to Loop Quantum Gravity, and that is based on a non-regular, polymeric repr

Philip B. Alipour

In October 2007, a Research Proposal for the University of Sydney, Australia, the author suggested that biovie-physical phenomenon as `electrodynamic dependant biological vision', is governed by relativistic quantum laws and biovision. The phenomenon on the basis of `biovielectroluminescence', satisfies man/microbio/megabio/computer vision (MMMCV), a

Isabella Novik, Ed Swartz

The socle of a graded Buchsbaum module is studied and is related to its local cohomology modules. This algebraic result is then applied to face enumeration of Buchsbaum simplicial complexes and posets. In particular, new necessary conditions on face numbers and Betti numbers of such complexes and posets are established. These conditions are used to settle in

Nader Haghighipour

With more than 260 extrasolar planetary systems discovered to-date, the search for habitable planets has found new grounds. Unlike our solar system, the stars of many of these planets are hosts to eccentric or close-in giant bodies. Several of these stars are also members of moderately close ($<$40 AU) binary or multi-star systems. The formation of terrestri

Helmut Hofer, Kris Wysocki, Eduard Zehnder

In this paper we develop an integration theory for zero sets of polyfold Fredholm sections. The results are needed in the application of the polyfold theory. We use it for example in the construction of symplectic field theory.

Masaru Ikehata

Previous applications of the enclosure method with a finite set of observation data to a mathematical model of electrical impedance tomography are based on the assumption that the conductivity of the background body is homogeneous and known. This paper considers the case when the conductivity is homogeneous and unknown. It is shown that, in two dimensions if

S. Mythili, B. Davids, T. K. Alexander, G. C. Ball

The 15O(alpha,gamma)19Ne reaction plays a role in the ignition of Type I x-ray bursts on accreting neutron stars. The lifetimes of states in 19Ne above the 15O + alpha threshold of 3.53 MeV are important inputs to calculations of the astrophysical reaction rate. These levels in 19Ne were populated in the 3He(20Ne,alpha)19Ne reaction at a 20Ne beam energy of

A. Melikyan, O. Vafek

We show that the low-energy density of quasiparticle states in the mixed state of ultra-clean d-wave superconductors is characterized by pronounced quantum oscillations in the regime where the cyclotron frequency $\hbarω_c \ll Δ_0$, the d-wave pairing gap. Such oscillations as a function of magnetic field B are argued to be due to the internodal scattering o

A. Garrett Lisi

All fields of the standard model and gravity are unified as an E8 principal bundle connection. A non-compact real form of the E8 Lie algebra has G2 and F4 subalgebras which break down to strong su(3), electroweak su(2) x u(1), gravitational so(3,1), the frame-Higgs, and three generations of fermions related by triality. The interactions and dynamics of these

Kimball A. Milton, Jef Wagner

A multiple scattering formulation is used to calculate the force, arising from fluctuating scalar fields, between distinct bodies described by $δ$-function potentials, so-called semitransparent bodies. (In the limit of strong coupling, a semitransparent boundary becomes a Dirichlet one.) We obtain expressions for the Casimir energies between disjoint paralle

Andrei Faraon, Dirk Englund, Douglas Bulla, Barry Luther-Davies

We demonstrate a method to locally change the refractive index in planar optical devices by photodarkening of a thin chalcogenide glass layer deposited on top of the device. The method is used to tune the resonance of GaAs-based photonic crystal cavities by up to 3 nm at 940 nm, with only 5% deterioration in cavity quality factor. The method has broad applic

Nevill Gonzalez Szwacki

A family of unusually stable boron cages was identified and examined using first-principles local density functional method. The structure of the fullerenes is similar to that of the B12 icosahedron and consists of six crossing double-rings. The energetically most stable fullerene is made up of 180 boron atoms. A connection between the fullerene family and i

Giancarlo Urzua

We prove a strong relation between Chern and log Chern invariants of algebraic surfaces. For a given arrangement of curves, we find nonsingular projective surfaces with Chern ratio arbitrarily close to the log Chern ratio of the log surface defined by the arrangement. Our method is based on sequences of random p-th root covers, which exploit a certain large

G. Fabbiano

X-ray observations of galaxies have grown from a curiosity into a full-fledged field of astronomy. These observations provide unique information on black holes, binary stars, and the hot phase of the ISM, which can be used to constrain the chemical evolution of the Universe, and the joint evolution of galaxies and massive black holes. These exciting results

Eduardo V. Castro, N. M. R. Peres, T. Stauber, N. A. P. Silva

We compute the phase diagram of a biased graphene bilayer. The existence of a ferromagnetic phase is discussed with respect both to carrier density and temperature. We find that the ferromagnetic transition is first order, lowering the value of $U$ relatively to the usual Stoner criterion. We show that in the ferromagnetic phase the two planes have unequal m

F. X. Girod

The beam spin asymmetries of the reaction ep -> epg in the Bjorken regime were measured over a wide kinematical domain using the CLAS detector and a new lead-tungstate calorimeter. Through the interference of the Bethe-Heitler process with Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering, those asymmetries provide constraints for the nucleon Generalized Parton Distribution

Steven B. Giddings

If gravity respects quantum mechanics, it is important to identify the essential postulates of a quantum framework capable of incorporating gravitational phenomena. Such a construct likely requires elimination or modification of some of the &#34;standard&#34; postulates of quantum mechanics, in particular those involving time and measurement. This paper prop

Christoph Luhn, Marc Thormeier

Relying on Dirac neutrinos allows an infinity of anomaly-free discrete gauge symmetries to be imposed on the Supersymmetric Standard Model, some of which are GUT-compatible.

A. Laeuchli, S. Capponi, F. F. Assaad

We determine the dynamical dimer correlation functions of quantum dimer models at the Rokhsar-Kivelson point on the bipartite square and cubic lattices and the non-bipartite triangular lattice. Based on an algorithmic idea by Henley, we simulate a stochastic process of classical dimer configurations in continuous time and perform a stochastic analytical cont

Levon Pogosian, Mark Wyman

Detecting the parity-odd, or B-mode, polarization pattern in the cosmic microwave background radiation due to primordial gravity waves is considered to be the final observational key to confirming the inflationary paradigm. The search for viable models of inflation from particle physics and string theory has (re)discovered another source for B-modes: cosmic

Steven Furlanetto, S. Peng Oh

The temperature of the intergalactic medium (IGM) is set by the competition between photoheating and adiabatic cooling, which are usually assumed to define a tight equation of state in which the temperature increases monotonically with density. We use a semi-analytic model, accurate at low to moderate IGM densities (<5 times the mean), to show that inhomogen

B. Fuks, M. Klasen, F. Ledroit, Q. Li

We improve the theoretical predictions for the production of extra neutral gauge bosons at hadron colliders by implementing the Z&#39; bosons in the MC@NLO generator and by computing their differential and total cross sections in joint p_T and threshold resummation. The two improved predictions are found to be in excellent agreement with each other for mass

M. C. Gonzalez-Garcia, Francis Halzen, Michele Maltoni, Hiroyuki K. M. Tanaka

A measurement of the absorption of neutrinos with energies in excess of 10 TeV when traversing the Earth is capable of revealing its density distribution. Unfortunately, the existence of beams with sufficient luminosity for the task has been ruled out by the AMANDA South Pole neutrino telescope. In this letter we point out that, with the advent of second-gen

Eric V. Linder

Gravitational wave standard sirens have been considered as precision distance indicators to high redshift; however, at high redshift standard sirens or standard candles such as supernovae suffer from lensing noise. We investigate lensing noise as a signal instead and show how measurements of the maximum demagnification (minimum convergence) probe cosmology i

S. R. Hassan, B. Davoudi, B. Kyung, A. -M. S. Tremblay

It is expected that at weak to intermediate coupling, d-wave superconductivity can be induced by antiferromagnetic fluctuations. However, one needs to clarify the role of Fermi surface topology, density of states, pseudogap, and wave vector of the magnetic fluctuations on the nature and strength of the induced d-wave state. To this end, we study the generali

Xiao-Pu Han, Tao Zhou, Bing-Hong Wang

Recently, increasing empirical evidence indicates the extensive existence of heavy tails in the interevent time distributions of various human behaviors. Based on the queuing theory, the Barabási model and its variations suggest the highest-priority-first protocol a potential origin of those heavy tails. However, some human activity patterns, also displaying

Donald B. Macnaughton

The ideal gas law of physics and chemistry says that PV = nRT. This law is a statement of the relationship between four variables (P, V, n, and T) that reflect properties of a quantity of gas in a container. The law enables us to make accurate predictions of the value of any one of the four variables from the values of the other three. The symbol R (called t

Mina Aganagic, Christopher Beem

We propose a new way of using geometric transitions to study metastable vacua in string theory and certain confining gauge theories. The gauge theories in question are N=2 supersymmetric theories deformed to N=1 by superpotential terms. We first geometrically engineer supersymmetry-breaking vacua by wrapping D5 branes on rigid 2-cycles in noncompact Calabi-Y

Tanja Bode, Deirdre Shoemaker, Frank Herrmann, Ian Hinder

We present an investigation into how sensitive the last orbits and merger of binary black hole systems are to the presence of spurious radiation in the initial data. Our numerical experiments consist of a binary black hole system starting the last couple of orbits before merger with additional spurious radiation centered at the origin and fixed initial angul

Shu Lin, Edward Shuryak

In this second paper of the series we calculate the stress tensor of excited matter, created by ``debris&#39;&#39; of high energy collisions at the boundary. We found that massive objects (``stones&#39;&#39;) falling into the AdS center produce gravitational disturbance which however has $zero$ stress tensor at the boundary. The falling open strings, connect