December 2007 arXiv papers — page 4

Yi Ni

We study Dehn surgeries on null-homotopic knots that yield fibred $3$--manifolds when an additional (but natural) homological restriction is imposed. The major tool used is Gabai's theory of sutured manifold decomposition. Such surgeries are negative examples to a question of Michel Boileau. Another result we will prove is about surgeries which reduce th

Amol Dighe

The neutrino burst from a galactic supernova can help determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and $θ_{13}$, and provide crucial information about supernova astrophysics. Here we review our current understanding of the neutrino burst, flavor conversions of these neutrinos, and model independent signatures of various neutrino mixing scenarios.

Gasper Tkacik, William Bialek

This review was written for the Encyclopedia of Complexity and System Science (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2008), and is intended as a guide to the growing literature which approaches the phenomena of cell biology from a more theoretical point of view. We begin with the building blocks of cellular networks, and proceed toward the different classes of models bei

A. J. Buchmann

The charge radii and quadrupole moments of baryons with nonzero strangeness are calculated using a parametrization method based on the symmetries of the strong interaction.

Samuel F. Taylor, Naftali Tishby, William Bialek

The growth rate of organisms depends both on external conditions and on internal states, such as the expression levels of various genes. We show that to achieve a criterion mean growth rate over an ensemble of conditions, the internal variables must carry a minimum number of bits of information about those conditions. Evolutionary competition thus can select

William Bialek, Rob R. de Ruyter van Steveninck, Naftali Tishby

Does the brain construct an efficient representation of the sensory world? We review progress on this question, focusing on a series of experiments in the last decade which use fly vision as a model system in which theory and experiment can confront each other. Although the idea of efficient representation has been productive, clearly it is incomplete since

Paolo Molaro, Dieter Reimers, Irina I. Agafonova, Sergei A. Levshakov

The Single Ion Differential alpha Measurement (SIDAM) method for measuring fine stucture variations (daa)and its figures of merit are illustrated together with the results produced by means of FeII absorption lines of QSO intervening systems. The method provides daa ~= -0.12(+/- 1.79) ppm (parts-per-million) at zabs = 1.15 towards HE 0515--4414 and daa = 5.6

Elif Yilmaz

In this note, we use the recent work of Honda-Kazez-Matic [HKM] to prove that a closed contact 3-manifold admitting a compatible open book decomposition with a nontrivial monodromy which can be presented as a product of left handed Dehn twists is overtwisted.

Alireza Saffarzadeh

We present a theory to study the temperature-dependent behavior of surface states in a ferromagnetic semi-infinite crystal. Our approach is based on the single-site approximation for the \emph{s-f} model. The effect of the semi-infinite nature of the crystal is taken into account by a localized perturbation method. Using the mean-field theory for the layer-d

Markus Mueller

The purpose of this thesis is to give a formal definition of quantum Kolmogorov complexity (QC), and rigorous mathematical proofs of its basic properties. The definition used here is similar to that by Berthiaume, van Dam, and Laplante. It defines the QC of some indeterminate-length qubit string ρas the minimum base length of any quantum input which makes a

Hourong Pang, Jialun Ping, Fan Wang

In the framework of a chiral constituent quark model, considering the contributions of $π$ annihilation and one-gluon annihilation, the proton-antiproton $S$-wave elastic scattering cross section experimental data can be reproduced by adjusting properly one-gluon annihilation coupling constant. Meanwhile, using the fixed model parameter, we do a dynamical ca

Kin Hung Fung, C. T. Chan

We analyze the plasmonic modes of a metal nanoparticle circular array. Closed form solutions to the eigenmode problem are given. For each polarization, the plasmonic mode with the highest quality is found to be an antiphase mode. We found that the significant suppression in radiative loss can be understood as the cancellation of the dipolar radiation term in

PHENIX Collaboration, S. Afanasiev

A three-dimensional (3D) correlation function obtained from mid-rapidity, low pT pion pairs in central Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV is studied. The extracted model-independent source function indicates a long range tail in the directions of the pion pair transverse momentum (out) and the beam (long). Model comparisons to these distensions indicate

Gianluca Panati, Herbert Spohn, Stefan Teufel

We explain why the conventional argument for deriving the time-dependent Born-Oppenheimer approximation is incomplete and review recent mathematical results, which clarify the situation and at the same time provide a systematic scheme for higher order corrections. We also present a new elementary derivation of the correct second-order time-dependent Born-Opp

Gianluca Panati, Herbert Spohn, Stefan Teufel

We study the motion of electrons in a periodic background potential (usually resulting from a crystalline solid). For small velocities one would use either the non-magnetic or the magnetic Bloch hamiltonian, while in the relativistic regime one would use the Dirac equation with a periodic potential. The dynamics, with the background potential included, is pe

Robert J. Budzyński, Witold Kondracki, Andrzej Królak

We present a definition of the distance between probability distributions. Our definition is based on the $L_1$ norm on space of probability measures. We compare our distance with the well-known Kullback-Leibler divergence and with the proper distance defined using the Fisher matrix as a metric on the parameter space. We consider using our notion of distance

Karl Schlechta

We show some elementary facts about the semantical analogue of Parikh's Splitting, which we call Factorization.

Adelina Fabiano, Jacques Guenot, James Silipo

We give an alternative representation of the closure of the Bochner transform of a holomorphic almost periodic mapping in a tube domain. For such mappings we introduce a new notion of amoeba and we show that, for mappings which are regular in the sense of Ronkin, this new notion agrees with Favorov's one. We prove that the amoeba complement of a regular

Lionel Levine

We study the scaling limits of three different aggregation models on the integer lattice Z^d: internal DLA, in which particles perform random walks until reaching an unoccupied site; the rotor-router model, in which particles perform deterministic analogues of random walks; and the divisible sandpile, in which each site distributes its excess mass equally am

Anna Karczewska

The aim of this work is to present, in self-contained form, results concerning fundamental and the most important questions related to linear stochastic Volterra equations of convolution type. The paper is devoted to study the existence and some kind of regularity of solutions to stochastic Volterra equations in Hilbert space and the space of tempered distri

Asit K. De, A. Harindranath, Jyotirmoy Maiti

We present a detailed study of pion and rho mass, decay constants and quark mass in Lattice QCD with two flavors of dynamical quarks. We use Wilson gauge and fermion action at $β=5.6$ on $ 16^3 \times 32 $ lattice at eight values of the Wilson hopping parameter in the range 0.156 - 0.158. We perform a detailed investigation of the effect of gaussian smearing

M. Asorey, J. Clemente-Gallardo, J. M. Munoz-Castaneda

The path integral approach to quantum mechanics requires a substantial generalisation to describe the dynamics of systems confined to bounded domains. Non-local boundary conditions can be introduced in Feynman's approach by means of boundary amplitude distributions and complex phases to describe the quantum dynamics in terms of the classical trajectories

Carlo Burigana

Since its original formulation the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect has been recognized as a ``powerful laboratory'' for our comprehension of physical processes in cosmic structures and to derive crucial information on some general properties of the universe. After a discussion of the fundamental concepts and of some well established applications of the

Carlos P. Herrero, Rafael Ramirez

Jump rates of muonium and hydrogen in diamond are calculated by quantum transition-state theory, based on the path-integral centroid formalism. This technique allows us to study the influence of vibrational mode quantization on the effective free-energy barriers Delta F for impurity diffusion, which are renormalized respect to the zero-temperature classical

A. J. Blustin

This article presents a survey of publication and citation statistics for 835 UK professional astronomers: the majority of academics and contract researchers within the UK astronomical community. I provide histograms of these bibliometrics for the whole sample as well as of the median values for the individual departments. I discuss the distribution of top b

R. H. Crooks, D. V. Khveshchenko

We study the dynamics of entanglement in the XY spin chain subject to a staggered magnetic field and contrast it to the previously studied uniform field case. We find that, depending on parameter values, a staggered field can provide better conditions for a perfect entanglement transfer, while even a modest amount of exchange anisotropy appears to have a str

Debarati Chatterjee, Debades Bandyopadhyay

We investigate the effect of antikaon condensed matter on bulk viscosity in rotating neutron stars. We use relativistic field theoretical models to construct the equation of state of neutron stars with the condensate, where the phase transition from nucleonic to $K^-$ condensed phase is assumed to be of first order. We calculate the coefficient of bulk visco

José F. Nieves, Palash B. Pal

Various decay processes, such as the decay of a spin-1 particle into two photons or the gravitational decay of a spin-1/2 fermion, are forbidden in the vacuum by a combination of requirements, including angular momentum conservation, Lorentz invariance and gauge invariance. We show that such processes can occur in a medium, such as a thermal background of pa

L. J. Silvers

For more than a decade, the so-called shearing box model has been used to study the fundamental local dynamics of accretion discs. This approach has proved to be very useful because it allows high resolution and long term studies to be carried out, studies that would not be possible for a global disc. Localised disc studies have largely focused on examining

S. S. Simakov, A. S. Kholodov, A. V. Evdokimov, Y. A. Kholodov

Numerical model of the peripheral circulation and dynamical model of the large vessels and the heart are discussed in this paper. They combined together into the global model of blood circulation. Some results of numerical simulations concerning matter transport through the human organism and heart diseases are represented in the end.

Yongming Li

We give the quantum subset construction of orthomodular lattice-valued finite automata, then we show the equivalence between orthomodular lattice-valued finite automata, orthomodular lattice-valued deterministic finite automata and orthomodular lattice-valued finite automata with empty string-moves. Based on these equivalences, we study the algebraic operati

Michael Kunzinger

Over the past few years there has been considerable progress in the structural understanding of special Colombeau algebras. We present some of the main trends in this development: non-smooth differential geometry, locally convex theory of modules over the ring of generalized numbers, and algebraic aspects of Colombeau theory. Some open problems are given and

A. S. Kholodov, S. S. Simakov, Y. A. Kholodov, A. A. Nadolsky

Blood system functions are very diverse and important for most processes in human organism. One of its primary functions is matter transport among different parts of the organism including tissue supplying with oxygen, carbon dioxide excretion, drug propagation etc. Forecasting of these processes under normal conditions and in the presence of different patho

Fabien Durand

We give a new proof of the Cobham's first theorem using ideas from symbolic dynamics and of the Cobham-Semenov theorem (in the primitive case) using ideas from tiling dynamics.

Volker Ossenkopf

The Allan variance is a standard technique to characterise the stability of spectroscopic instruments used in astronomical observations. The period for switching between source and reference measurement is often derived from the Allan minimum time. We propose a new approach for the computation of the Allan variance of spectrometer data combining the advantag

Maria Isabel Cortez, Fabien Durand

In this paper we prove that if two self-similar tiling systems, with respective stretching factors $λ_1$ and $λ_2$, have a common factor which is a non periodic tiling system, then $λ_1$ and $λ_2$ are multiplicatively dependent.

Peter J Waddell

Estimation of molecular evolutionary divergence times requires models of rate change. These vary with regard to the assumption of what quantity is penalized. The possibilities considered are the rate of evolution, the log of the rate of evolution and the inverse of the rate of evolution. These models also vary with regard to how time affects the expected var

A. Capella, L. Bravina, E. G. Ferreiro, A. B. Kaidalov

Charmonium production at heavy-ion colliders is considered within the comovers interaction model. The formalism is extended by including possible secondary J/psi production through recombination and an estimate of recombination effects is made with no free parameters involved. The comovers interaction model also includes a comprehensive treatment of initial-

Chang-Guang Shi, Minoru Hirayama

Through an Ansatz specifying the azimuthal-angle dependence of the solution, the static field equation for vortex of the Faddeev model is converted to an algebraic ordinary differential equation. An approximate analytic expression of the vortex solution is explored so that the energy per unit vortex length becomes as small as possible. It is observed that th

S. Greco, K. Kiyek

Let R be a two-dimensional regular local ring with maximal ideal \mathfrak m, and let \wp be a simple complete \mathfrak m-primary ideal which is residually rational. Let R_0:= R\subsetneqq ...\subsetneqq R_r be the quadratic sequence associated to \wp, let Γ_\wp be the value-semigroup associated to \wp, and let ((e_j(\wp))_{0\leq j\leq r} be the multiplicit

U. D'Alesio, F. Murgia

In this article we review the present understanding of azimuthal and single spin asymmetries for inclusive and semi-inclusive particle production in unpolarized and polarized hadronic collisions at high energy and moderately large transverse momentum. After summarizing the experimental information available, we discuss and compare the main theoretical approa

Bent Jørgensen, Yuri Goegebeur, José Raúl Martínez

We propose extreme value analogues of natural exponential families and exponential dispersion models, and introduce the slope function as an analogue of the variance function. The set of quadratic and power slope functions characterize well-known families such as the Rayleigh, Gumbel, power, Pareto, logistic, negative exponential, Weibull and Fréchet. We sho

H. Then

We present a few subjects from physics that have one in common: the spectral resolution of the Laplacian.

A. Baykal, U. Kiziloglu, N. Kiziloglu, E. Beklen

Using the archival RXTE/ASM and SWIFT/BAT observations, the new orbital phases of Type I outbursts of EXO 2030+375 are estimated. A possible correlation between the Type II outburst and optical brightness variations is investigated. In order to estimate the phases of Type I outbursts, we fitted Gaussian profiles to the RXTE/ASM and SWIFT/BAT light curves. Th

Peter de Blanc

We consider an agent interacting with an unknown environment. The environment is a function which maps natural numbers to natural numbers; the agent's set of hypotheses about the environment contains all such functions which are computable and compatible with a finite set of known input-output pairs, and the agent assigns a positive probability to each s

Mahdi Asgari, A. Raghuram

For a cuspidal automorphic representation Πof GL(4,A), H. Kim proved that the exterior square transfer \wedge^2Πis an isobaric automorphic representation of GL(6,A). In this paper we characterize those representations Πfor which \wedge^2Πis cuspidal.

Nei Cipriano Ribeiro, Takaaki Kajita, Pyungwon Ko, Hisakazu Minakata

The Kamioka-Korea two detector system is a powerful experimental setup for resolving neutrino parameter degeneracies and probing CP violation in neutrino oscillation. In this paper, we study sensitivities of this same setup to several nonstandard neutrino physics such as quantum decoherence, tiny violation of Lorentz symmetry, and nonstandard interactions of

Yasuyuki Watabe, Nozomu Kawakatu, Masatoshi Imanishi

We investigated the correlation between nuclear/circumnuclear starbursts around the active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and the AGN activities for 43 Seyfert galaxies in the CfA and 12 micron samples. We found that circumnuclear starburst luminosity as well as nuclear starburst luminosity are positively correlated with AGN luminosity. Moreover, nuclear starburst l

Ricardo R. Munoz, Steven R. Majewski, Kathryn V. Johnston

We report the results of N-body simulations of disrupting satellites aimed at exploring whether the observed features of dSphs can be accounted for with simple, mass-follows-light (MFL) models including tidal disruption. As a test case, we focus on the Carina dwarf Spheroidal (dSph), which presently has the most extensive data at large radius. We find that p

V. V. Pipin, M. R. E. Proctor

The mean electromotive force and alpha effect are computed for a forced turbulent flow using a simple nonlinear dynamical model. The results are used to check the applicability of two basic analytic ansatze of mean-field magnetohydrodynamics - the second order correlation approximation (SOCA) and the tau approximation. In the numerical simulations the effect

K. Maekawa, M. Takizawa, H. Wadati, T. Yoshida

We have studied the O 2p valence-band structure of Nb-doped SrTiO3, in which a dilute concentration of electrons are doped into the d0 band insulator, by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements. We found that ARPES spectra at the valence band maxima at the M [k = (pi/a, pi/a, 0)]and R [k = (pi/a, pi/a, pi/a)] points start from ~ 3.3 eV

K. -W. Lee, W. E. Pickett

Double perovskite Sr$_2$CrOsO$_6$ is (or is very close to) a realization of a spin-asymmetric semimetallic compensated ferrimagnet, according to first principles calculations. This type of near-half metallic antiferromagnet is an unusual occurrence, and more so in this compound because the zero gap is accidental rather than being symmetry determined. The lar

A. B. Harris

An error in the spin wavefunction for the rare earth sublattices of TbMn_2O_5 is corrected.

Nobutaka Kunisada, Yoshiyuki Fukumoto

We study the transverse susceptibility of the fully frustrated antiferromagnetic Ising $Δ$-chain, extending Minami's transfer-matrix method for the transverse susceptibility of general-type Ising linear-chains [JPSJ 67,1998,2255]. For transverse fields $Γ_1$ on tip spin sites and $Γ_2$ on bottom spin sites, we calculate zero-field transverse-susceptibili

Koji Usami

An approach is described for observing quantum features of micron-sized spinning objects. Specifically, we consider a birefringent (uniaxial positive) dielectric object in the shape of an oblate (i.e., frisbee-like) symmetric top. It can be trapped in the air, its extraordinary axis can be aligned, and its angular momentum along the extraordinary axis can be

Alexander Brudnyi

In this paper we will show how to construct holomorphic L^{p}-functions on unbranched coverings of strongly pseudoconvex manifolds. Also, we prove some extension and approximation theorems for such functions.

Xiaolei Zhang

It is shown that a coherent understanding of all quantized phenomena, including those governed by unitary evolution equations as well as those related to irreversible quantum measurements, can be achieved in a scenario of successive nonequilibrium phase transitions, with the lowest hierarchy of these phase transitions occurring in a ``resonant cavity'&#3

Clemens Adelmann, Eberhard H. -A. Gerbracht

Two letters from William Burnside have recently been found in the Nachlass of Robert Fricke that contain instances of Burnside's Problem prior to its first publication. We present these letters as a whole to the public for the first time. We draw a picture of these two mathematicians and describe their activities leading to their correspondence. We thus

Robert Koenig, Renato Renner

Let X_1, ..., X_n be a sequence of n classical random variables and consider a sample of r positions selected at random. Then, except with (exponentially in r) small probability, the min-entropy of the sample is not smaller than, roughly, a fraction r/n of the total min-entropy of all positions X_1, ..., X_n, which is optimal. Here, we show that this stateme

G. H. Fisher, B. T. Welsch

We describe the computational techniques employed in the recently updated Fourier local correlation tracking (FLCT) method. The FLCT code is then evaluated using a series of simple, 2D, known flow patterns that test its accuracy and characterize its errors.

Toshimitsu Yamazaki

Light is shed on the early stage in the birth of Yukawa's meson theory, particularly on the interplay between Yukawa and Tomonaga in 1933. The discovery of the muon by Nishina' group in 1937 is also reviewed. It is pointed out that Heisenberg's attempt to explain the nuclear force in terms of the Heitler-London scheme, overcome by Yukawa and aban

Victor Blanco, Justo Puerto

This paper presents algorithms for solving multiobjective integer programming problems. The algorithm uses Barvinok's rational functions of the polytope that defines the feasible region and provides as output the entire set of nondominated solutions for the problem. Theoretical complexity results on the algorithm are provided in the paper. Specifically,

Alexey V. Vinogradov

The equation of gluodynamics with modified integral kernel is solved up to 2NLO (next-to-next-to-leading order) and 3NLO (next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order) in perturbative QCD. A relationship between the nuclear factor Ns and the ratio of the cumulant and factorial moments of the multiplicity distribution is examined. A comparison of theoretical results

V. Sood, Tibor Antal, S. Redner

We study simple interacting particle systems on heterogeneous networks, including the voter model and the invasion process. These are both two-state models in which in an update event an individual changes state to agree with a neighbor. For the voter model, an individual "imports" its state from a randomly-chosen neighbor. Here the average time T_N

Yongseok Oh, Che Ming Ko, K. Nakayama

The reaction mechanisms for $KΣ(1385)$ photoproduction from the reaction $γp \to K^+Σ^{0}(1385)$ in the resonance energy region are investigated in a hadronic model. Both contributions from $N$ and $Δ$ resonances of masses around 2 GeV as given in the Review of Particle Data Group and by the quark model predictions are included. The Lagrangians for describin

Congjun Wu, S. Das Sarma

We study the ground state properties of the interacting spinless fermions in the $p_{x,y}$-orbital bands in the two dimensional honeycomb optical lattice, which exhibit different novel features from those in the $p_z$-orbital system of graphene. In addition to two dispersive bands with Dirac cones, the tight-binding band structure exhibits another two comple

Christopher M. Johns-Krull, Peter R. McCullough, Christopher J. Burke, Jeff A. Valenti

We report the discovery of a massive (Mpsini = 13.02 +/- 0.64 Mjup; total mass 13.25 +/- 0.64 Mjup), large (1.95 +/- 0.16 Rjup) planet in a transiting, eccentric orbit (e = 0.260 +/- 0.017) around a 10th magnitude F5V star in the constellation Camelopardalis. We designate the planet XO-3b, and the star XO-3, also known as GSC 03727-01064. The orbital period

Andrei Mikhailov, Sakura Schafer-Nameki

Integrability of the string worldsheet theory in AdS(5) x S(5) is related to the existence of a flat connection depending on the spectral parameter. The transfer matrix is the open-ended Wilson line of this flat connection. We study the product of transfer matrices in the near-flat space expansion of the AdS(5) x S(5) string theory in the pure spinor formali

E. Bergshoeff, H. Samtleben, E. Sezgin

We construct the most general gaugings of the maximal D=6 supergravity. The theory is (2,2) supersymmetric, and possesses an on-shell SO(5,5) duality symmetry which plays a key role in determining its couplings. The field content includes 16 vector fields that carry a chiral spinor representation of the duality group. We utilize the embedding tensor method w

Emil A. Yuzbashyan, Oleksandr Tsyplyatyev

We study the time evolution of a system of fermions with pairing interactions at a finite temperature. The dynamics is triggered by an abrupt increase of the BCS coupling constant. We show that if initially the fermions are in a normal phase, the amplitude of the BCS order parameter averaged over the Boltzman distribution of initial states exhibits damped os

Troy Lee, Adi Shraibman

We show that disjointness requires randomized communication Omega(n^{1/(k+1)}/2^{2^k}) in the general k-party number-on-the-forehead model of complexity. The previous best lower bound for k >= 3 was log(n)/(k-1). Our results give a separation between nondeterministic and randomized multiparty number-on-the-forehead communication complexity for up to k=log lo

Olivier Cappé, Eric Moulines

In this contribution, we propose a generic online (also sometimes called adaptive or recursive) version of the Expectation-Maximisation (EM) algorithm applicable to latent variable models of independent observations. Compared to the algorithm of Titterington (1984), this approach is more directly connected to the usual EM algorithm and does not rely on integ

Weibin Li, Masudul Haque, Stavros Komineas

We study the conservative dynamics and stationary configurations of a vortex-antivortex pair in a harmonically trapped two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate. We establish the conceptual framework for understanding the stationary states and the topological defect trajectories, through considerations of different mechanisms of vortex motion and the bifurcat

E. M. Rains, V. P. Spiridonov

We start from an interpretation of the $BC_2$-symmetric "Type I" (elliptic Dixon) elliptic hypergeometric integral evaluation as a formula for a Casoratian of the elliptic hypergeometric equation, and give an extension to higher-dimensional integrals and higher-order hypergeometric functions. This allows us to prove the corresponding elliptic beta in

Girma Hailu

We find a dual gravity theory to pure confining N=1 supersymmetric SU(N) gauge theory in four dimensions which has the correct gauge coupling running in addition to reproducing the appropriate pattern of chiral symmetry breaking. It is constructed in type IIB string theory on R^{1,3} X R^1 X S^2 X S^3 background with N number of electric D5 and 2N number of

C. C. Nishi

A direct connection between physical parameters of general Two-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM) potentials after electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB) and the parameters that define the potentials before EWSB is established. These physical parameters, such as the mass matrix of the neutral Higgs bosons, have well defined transformation properties under basis transf

H. -Th. Janka, B. Mueller, F. S. Kitaura, R. Buras

It has been recently proposed that the shocked surface layers of exploding O-Ne-Mg cores provide the conditions for r-process nucleosynthesis, because their rapid expansion and high entropies enable heavy r-process isotopes to form even in an environment with very low initial neutron excess of the matter. We show here that the most sophisticated available hy

Jeffrey Bub, Itamar Pitowsky

We argue that the intractable part of the measurement problem -- the 'big' measurement problem -- is a pseudo-problem that depends for its legitimacy on the acceptance of two dogmas. The first dogma is John Bell's assertion that measurement should never be introduced as a primitive process in a fundamental mechanical theory like classical or quan

Mordehai Milgrom

I start with a brief introduction to MOND phenomenology and its possible roots in cosmology--a notion that may turn out to be the most far reaching aspect of MOND. Next I discuss the implications of MOND for the dark matter (DM) doctrine: MOND's successes imply that baryons determine everything. For DM this would mean that the puny tail of leftover baryo

Jochen Abhau, Carl-Friedrich Boedigheimer, Ralf Ehrenfried

We report on the computation of the integral homology of the mapping class group of genus g surfaces with one boundary curve and m punctures, when 2g + m is smaller than 6. In particular, it includes the genus 2 case with no or one puncture.

Masato Arai, Claus Montonen, Nobuchika Okada, Shin Sasaki

We investigate supersymmetry breaking meta-stable vacua in N=2, SU(2)\times U(1) gauge theory with N_f=2 massless flavors perturbed by the addition of small N=1 preserving mass terms in a presence of a Fayet-Iliopoulos term. We derive the low energy effective theory by using the exact results of N=2 supersymmetric QCD and examine the effective potential. At

N. D. Gagunashvili

Weighted histogram in Monte-Carlo simulations is often used for the estimation of a probability density function. It is obtained as a result of random experiment with random events that have weights. In this paper the bin contents of weighted histogram are considered as a sum of random variables with random number of terms. Goodness of fit tests for weighted

Sebastian Guttenberg, Manfred Herbst, Maximilian Kreuzer, Radoslav Rashkov

Quantization of coordinates leads to the non-commutative product of deformation quantization, but is also at the roots of string theory, for which space-time coordinates become the dynamical fields of a two-dimensional conformal quantum field theory. Appositely, open string diagrams provided the inspiration for Kontsevich's solution of the long-standing

Lalla Btissam Drissi, Houda Jehjouh, El Hassan Saidi

Using embedding of complex curves in the complex projective plane $\bf{P }^{2}$, we develop a \emph{non planar} topological 3-vertex formalism for topological strings on the family of local Calabi-Yau threefolds $X^{(m,-m,0) }=\mathcal{O}(m)\oplus \mathcal{O}(-m)\to E^{(t,\infty)}$. The base $E^{(t,\infty)}$ stands for the degenerate elliptic curve with Kahl

Reinhard Laubenbacher, Bernd Sturmfels

Systems biology focuses on the study of entire biological systems rather than on their individual components. With the emergence of high-throughput data generation technologies for molecular biology and the development of advanced mathematical modeling techniques, this field promises to provide important new insights. At the same time, with the availability

Jen-Chi Lee, Yi Yang

We calculate bosonic massive closed string states at arbitrary mass levels scattered from Orientifold planes in the high-energy, fixed angle limit. For the case of O-particle scatterings, we obtain infinite linear relations among high-energy scattering amplitudes of different string states. We also confirm that there exist only closed string Regge poles in t

S. A. Pustilnik, A. L. Tepliakova, A. Y. Kniazev, A. N. Burenkov

And IV is a low-surface brightness (LSB) dwarf galaxy at the distance of 6.1 Mpc, projecting close to M 31. In this paper the results of spectroscopy of And IV the two brightest HII regions with the SAO 6-m telescope (BTA) are presented. In both of them the faint line [OIII]4363 was detected that allowed us to determine their O/H by the classical T_e method.

V. G. Shvedov

A field superposition of singular beams incident on, and then reflected from a mirror has been investigated. It was demonstrated that the standing optical wave, which contains a vortex, possesses an orbital angle momentum where the energy flux circulates only in the azimuth direction of the beam. We show in this paper that the standing light wave containing

Luca Roversi

Weak affine light typing (WALT) assigns light affine linear formulae as types to a subset of lambda-terms in System F. WALT is poly-time sound: if a lambda-term M has type in WALT, M can be evaluated with a polynomial cost in the dimension of the derivation that gives it a type. In particular, the evaluation can proceed under any strategy of a rewriting rela

Olli Ahonen, Mikko Mottonen, Jeremy L. O'Brien

We present and analyze a quantum key distribution protocol based on sending entangled N-qubit states instead of single-qubit ones as in the trail-blazing scheme by Bennett and Brassard (BB84). Since the qubits are sent individually, an eavesdropper is limited to accessing them one by one. In an intercept-resend attack, this fundamental restriction allows one

T. Vértesi, K. F. Pál

Imagine two parties, Alice and Bob who share an entangled quantum state. A well-established result that if Alice performs two-outcome measurement on the portion of the state in her possession and Bob does likewise, they are able to produce correlations that cannot be reproduced by any classical theory. The allowed classical correlations can be expressed quan

V. D. Ivashchuk, V. N. Melnikov

A multidimensional cosmological model with scalar and form fields [1-4] is studied. An exact S-brane solution (either electric or magnetic) in a model with l scalar fields and one antisymmetric form of rank m > 1 is considered. This solution is defined on a product manifold containing n Ricci-flat factor spaces M_1, ..., M_n. In the case when the kinetic ter

Richard Melrose, Gunther Uhlmann

Using the free-space translation representation (modified Radon transform) of Lax and Phillips in odd dimensions, it is shown that the generalized backscattering transform (so outgoing angle $ω=Sθ$ in terms of the incoming angle with $S$ orthogonal and $\Id-S$ invertible) may be further restricted to give an entire, globally Fredholm, operator on appropriate

Chun-Khiang Chua

We study the final-state interaction (FSI) effects in charmless B_{u,d,s} to PP decays. We consider a FSI approach with both short- and long-distance contributions, where the former are from in-elastic channels and are contained in factorization amplitudes, while the latter are from the residual rescattering among PP states. Flavor SU(3) symmetry is used to

Tieyan Si, Yue Yu

We established a large class of exactly soluble spin liquids and chiral spin liquids on three dimensional helix lattices by introducing Kitaev-type's spin coupling. In the chiral spin liquids, exact stable ground states with spontaneous breaking of the time reversal symmetry are found. The fractionalized loop excitations in both the spin and chiral spin

Z. Chen, Z. -J. Liu

For a transitive Lie algebroid A on a connected manifold M and its a representation on a vector bundle F, we study the localization map Y^1: H^1(A,F)-> H^1(L_x,F_x), where L_x is the adjoint algebra at x in M. The main result in this paper is that: Ker Y^1_x=Ker(p^{1*})=H^1_{deR}(M,F_0). Here p^{1*} is the lift of H^1(\huaA,F) to its counterpart over the uni

Bin Gong, Jian-Xiong Wang

Next-to-Leading-Order(NLO) QCD corrections to J/jpsi plus eta_c production in e+e- annihilation at sqrt{s}=10.6 GeV is calculated in this paper, and an analytic result is obtained. By choosing proper physical parameters, a K factor (ratio of NLO to LO) of about 2, which is in agreement with the result in Ref.\cite{Zhang:2005ch}, is obtained. Our results show

Rong-Gen Cai, Chiang-Mei Chen, Kei-ichi Maeda, Nobuyoshi Ohta

We discuss the entropy-area relation for the small black holes with higher curvature corrections by using the entropy function formalism and field redefinition method. We show that the entropy $S_{BH}$ of small black hole is proportional to its horizon area $A$. In particular we find a universal result that $S_{BH}=A/2G$, the ratio is two times of Bekenstein

Takahiro Morimoto, Yasuhiro Hatsugai, Hideo Aoki

Peculiarity in the cyclotron radiation and emission in graphene is theoretically examined in terms of the optical conductivity and relaxation rates to propose that graphene in magnetic fields can be a candidate to realize the Landau level laser, proposed decades ago [H. Aoki, Appl. Phys. Lett. {\bf 48}, 559 (1986)].

Masashi Kimura, Keiju Murata, Hideki Ishihara, Jiro Soda

The stability of squashed Kaluza-Klein black holes is studied. The squashed Kaluza-Klein black hole looks like five dimensional black hole in the vicinity of horizon and four dimensional Minkowski spacetime with a circle at infinity. In this sense, squashed Kaluza-Klein black holes can be regarded as black holes in the Kaluza-Klein spacetimes. Using the symm