April 2013 arXiv papers — page 15

Elisabeth M. Werner, Deping Ye

In this paper, the concept of the classical $f$-divergence (for a pair of measures) is extended to the mixed $f$-divergence (for multiple pairs of measures). The mixed $f$-divergence provides a way to measure the difference between multiple pairs of (probability) measures. Properties for the mixed $f$-divergence are established, such as permutation invarianc

Xiaosun Lu, J. S. Marron

There are often two important types of variation in functional data: the horizontal (or phase) variation and the vertical (or amplitude) variation. These two types of variation have been appropriately separated and modeled through a domain warping method (or curve registration) based on the Fisher Rao metric. This paper focuses on the analysis of the horizon

Huagang Li, Zhiwei Shi, Xiujuan jiang, Xing Zhu

We investigate light beam propagation along the interface between linear and nonlinear media with parity-time PT symmetry, and derive an equation governing the beam propagation. A novel class of two-dimensional PT surface solitons are found analytically and numerically, and checked to be stable over a wide range of PT potential structures and parameters. The

Shinichi Kotani

In the case of Krein's strings with spectral functions of polynomial growth a necessary and sufficient condition for the Krein's correspondence to be continuous is given.

T. Iwashita, D. M. Nicholson, T. Egami

The elementary excitations of vibration in solids are phonons. But in liquids phonons are extremely short-lived and marginalized. In this letter through classical and ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations of the liquid state of various metallic systems we show that different excitations, the local configurational excitations in the atomic connectivity net

Haochang Shou, Vadim Zipunnikov, Ciprian M. Crainiceanu, Sonja Greven

Motivated by modern observational studies, we introduce a class of functional models that expands nested and crossed designs. These models account for the natural inheritance of correlation structure from sampling design in studies where the fundamental sampling unit is a function or image. Inference is based on functional quadratics and their relationship w

Lior Shamir, John F. Wallin, Alice Allen, Bruce Berriman

While software and algorithms have become increasingly important in astronomy, the majority of authors who publish computational astronomy research do not share the source code they develop, making it difficult to replicate and reuse the work. In this paper we discuss the importance of sharing scientific source code with the entire astrophysics community, an

W. H. Ko

This paper proves a reciprocity formula for modular inverses for non-zero integers and demonstrates some applications of the reciprocity formula in calculating or verifying some modular inverses of specific forms, including the modular inverse of a Gaussian integer modulo another Gaussian integer.

Brenton LeMesurier

The phenomenon of coherent energetic pulse propagation in exciton-phonon molecular chains such as $α$-helix protein is studied using an ODE system model of Davydov-Scott type, both with numerical studies using a new unconditionally stable fourth order accurate energy-momentum conserving time discretization, and with analytical explanation of the main numeric

Martin S. Alnaes, Anders Logg, Kristian B. Oelgaard, Marie E. Rognes

We present the Unified Form Language (UFL), which is a domain-specific language for representing weak formulations of partial differential equations with a view to numerical approximation. Features of UFL include support for variational forms and functionals, automatic differentiation of forms and expressions, arbitrary function space hierarchies for multi-f

Charalambos D. Charalambous, Photios A. Stavrou

In this paper the relation between nonanticipative rate distortion function (RDF) and Bayesian filtering theory is investigated using the topology of weak convergence of probability measures on Polish spaces. The relation is established via an optimization on the space of conditional distributions of the so-called directed information subject to fidelity con

Xiaobing Feng, Steven Wise

In this paper we present PDE and finite element analyses for a system of partial differential equations (PDEs) consisting of the Darcy equation and the Cahn-Hilliard equation, which arises as a diffuse interface model for the two phase Hele-Shaw flow. We propose a fully discrete implicit finite element method for approximating the PDE system, which consists

Swapan Rana

The partial transposition of a two-qubit state has at most one negative eigenvalue and all the eigenvalues lie in [-1/2,1]. In this Brief Report, we extend this result by Sanpera et al. [A. Sanpera, R. Tarrach and G. Vidal, Phys. Rev. A 58, 826 (1998)] to arbitrary bipartite states. We show that partial transposition of an $m\otimes n$ state can not have mor

Suresh Eswarathasan, Alex Iosevich, Krystal Taylor

A classical theorem due to Mattila (see \cite{Mat84}; see also \cite{M95}, Chapter 13) says that if $A,B \subset {\Bbb R}^d$ of Hausdorff dimension $s_A, s_B$, respectively, with $s_A+s_B \ge d$, $s_B>\frac{d+1}{2}$ and $dim_{\mathcal H}(A \times B)=s_A+s_B\ge d$, then $$ dim_{\mathcal H}(A \cap (z+B)) \leq s_A+s_B-d$$ for almost every $z \in {\Bbb R}^d$, in

D. Barker, W. -Z. Wei, D. -M. Mei, C. Zhang

We used the internal conversion ($E_0$ transition) of germanium-72 to indirectly measure the low energy nuclear recoils of germanium. Together with a reliable Monte Carlo package, in which we implement the internal conversion process, the data was compared to the Lindhard ($k$=0.159) and Barker-Mei models. A shape analysis indicates that both models agree we

Houman Owhadi, Clint Scovel, Tim Sullivan

We derive, in the classical framework of Bayesian sensitivity analysis, optimal lower and upper bounds on posterior values obtained from Bayesian models that exactly capture an arbitrarily large number of finite-dimensional marginals of the data-generating distribution and/or that are as close as desired to the data-generating distribution in the Prokhorov o

Bassel Mannaa, Thierry Coquand

A constructive version of Newton-Puiseux theorem for computing the Puiseux expansions of algebraic curves is presented. The proof is based on a classical proof by Abhyankar. Algebraic numbers are evaluated dynamically; hence the base field need not be algebraically closed and a factorization algorithm of polynomials over the base field is not needed. The ext

Yu Guo, S. Molesky, C. Cortes, Zubin Jacob

We propose multiple approaches for controlling Wien's displacement law in the near-field leading to narrowband, tunable, spatially-coherent high temperature thermal sources. We show that narrowband super-planckian thermal emission relevant to the wavelength ranges for near-field thermophotovoltaics can be achieved by utilizing engineered plasmonic states

Manuel Donaire, Bart van Tiggelen, Geert L. J. A. Rikken

In a classical description, a neutral, polarizable object acquires a kinetic momentum when exposed to crossed electric and magnetic fields. In the presence of only a magnetic field no such momentum exists classically, although it is symmetry-allowed for an object lacking mirror symmetry. We perform a full QED calculation to show that the quantum vacuum coupl

William Paul, Peter Grütter

A recent article by Falter et al. (Phys. Rev. B 87, 115412 (2013)) presents experimental results using field ion microscopy characterized tips in noncontact atomic force microscopy in order to characterize electrostatic and van der Waals long range forces. In the article, the tip radius was substantially underestimated at ~4.7 nm rather than ~8.1 nm due to s

Joakim Andén, Stéphane Mallat

A scattering transform defines a locally translation invariant representation which is stable to time-warping deformations. It extends MFCC representations by computing modulation spectrum coefficients of multiple orders, through cascades of wavelet convolutions and modulus operators. Second-order scattering coefficients characterize transient phenomena such

Daniel de Carvalho, Lorenzo Tortora de Falco

We prove that given two cut free nets of linear logic, by means of their relational interpretations one can: 1) first determine whether or not the net obtained by cutting the two nets is strongly normalizable 2) then (in case it is strongly normalizable) compute the maximal length of the reduction sequences starting from that net.

Riccardo Fantoni, Giorgio Pastore

We report an accurate Monte Carlo calculation of the phase diagram and clustering properties of the restricted primitive model with non-additive hard-sphere diameters. At high density the positively non-additive fluid shows more clustering than the additive model and the negatively non-additive fluid shows less clustering than the additive model, at low dens

John R Clem, A P Malozemoff

Minimization of ac losses is essential for economic operation of high-temperature superconductor (HTS) ac power cables. A favorable configuration for the phase conductor of such cables has two counter-wound layers of HTS tape-shaped wires lying next to each other and helically wound around a flexible cylindrical former. However, if magnetic materials such as

Mathias Drton, Han Xiao

Motivated by the problem of testing tetrad constraints in factor analysis, we study the large-sample distribution of Wald statistics at parameter points at which the gradient of the tested constraint vanishes. When based on an asymptotically normal estimator, the Wald statistic converges to a rational function of a normal random vector. The rational function

Lingyun Li, Alexander Soshnikov

We prove the Central Limit Theorem for linear statistics of the eigenvalues of band random matrices provided $\sqrt{n} \ll b_n \ll n$ and test functions are sufficiently smooth.

Diego Chavarro, Puay Tang, Ismael Rafols

This paper explores the relationship between interdisciplinarity and research pertaining to local issues. Using Colombian publications from 1991 until 2011 in the Web of Science, we investigate the relationship between the degree of interdisciplinarity and the local orientation of the articles. We find that a higher degree of interdisciplinarity in a publica

N. Buyukcizmeci, A. S. Botvina, I. N. Mishustin

This is an introduction to the tabulated data base of stellar matter properties calculated within the framework of the Statistical Model for Supernova Matter (SMSM). The tables present thermodynamical characteristics and nuclear abundances for 31 values of baryon density (10$^{-8}<ρ/ρ_0<$0.32, $ρ_0$=0.15 fm$^{-3}$ is the normal nuclear matter density), 35 va

Andrea Baronchelli, Ramon Ferrer-i-Cancho, Romualdo Pastor-Satorras, Nick Chater

Networks of interconnected nodes have long played a key role in Cognitive Science, from artificial neural net- works to spreading activation models of semantic mem- ory. Recently, however, a new Network Science has been developed, providing insights into the emergence of global, system-scale properties in contexts as diverse as the Internet, metabolic reacti

Howard Baer, Vernon Barger, Maren Padeffke-Kirkland

Recently, two measures of electroweak finetuning (EWFT) have been introduced for SUSY models: Δ_{EW} compares the Z mass to each separate weak scale contribution to m_Z while Δ_{HS} compares the Z mass to high scale input parameters and their consequent renormalizaton group evolution (1/Δis the % of fine tuning). While the paradigm mSUGRA/CMSSM model has bee

Philip Kaaret, Hua Feng

We present a measurement of the X-ray spectrum of the luminous X-ray binary in I Zw 18, the blue compact dwarf galaxy with the lowest known metallicity. We find the highest flux yet observed, corresponding to an intrinsic luminosity near 1E40 erg/s establishing it as an ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX). The energy spectrum is dominated by disk emission with

Richard Brito, Vitor Cardoso, Paolo Pani

Massive bosonic fields of arbitrary spin are predicted by general extensions of the Standard Model. It has been recently shown that there exists a family of bimetric theories of gravity - including massive gravity - which are free of Boulware-Deser ghosts at the nonlinear level. This opens up the possibility to describe consistently the dynamics of massive s

Kambiz Fathi, Andreas A. Lundgren, Kotaro Kohno, Nuria Piñol-Ferrer

We present a kinematic analysis of the dense molecular gas in the central 200 parsecs of the nearby galaxy NGC1097, based on Cycle 0 observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA). We use the HCN(4-3) line to trace the densest interstellar molecular gas, and quantify its kinematics, and estimate an inflow rate for the molecular ga

Rodrigo Fernández, Brian D. Metzger

Expulsion of neutron-rich matter following the merger of neutron star (NS) binaries is crucial to the radioactively-powered electromagnetic counterparts of these events and to their relevance as sources of r-process nucleosynthesis. Here we explore the long-term (viscous) evolution of remnant black hole accretion disks formed in such mergers by means of two-

Daniele Gaggero, Luca Maccione, Giuseppe Di Bernardo, Carmelo Evoli

We study the compatibility of Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) data on the cosmic-ray (CR) positron fraction with data on the CR electron and positron spectra provided by PAMELA and Fermi LAT. We do that in terms of a novel propagation model in which sources are distributed in spiral arm patterns in agreement with astrophysical observations. While former

Nikole M. Nielsen, Christopher W. Churchill, Glenn G. Kacprzak, Michael T. Murphy

We describe the MgII Absorber-Galaxy Catalog, MAGIICAT, a compilation of 182 spectroscopically identified intermediate redshift (0.07 < z < 1.1) galaxies with measurements of MgII 2796, 2803 absorption from their circumgalactic medium within projected distances of 200 kpc from background quasars. In this work, we present &#34;isolated&#34; galaxies, which ar

Jolyon Bloomfield

The most general covariant action describing gravity coupled to a scalar field with only second order equations of motion, Horndeski&#39;s theory (also known as &#34;Generalized Galileons&#34;), provides an all-encompassing model in which single scalar dark energy models may be constrained. However, the generality of the model makes it cumbersome to manipula

Jo-Tzu Hung, Łukasz Cywiński, Xuedong Hu, S. Das Sarma

We investigate theoretically the hyperfine-induced dephasing of two-electron-spin states in a double quantum dot with a finite singlet-triplet splitting J. In particular, we derive an effective pure dephasing Hamiltonian, which is valid when the hyperfine-induced mixing is suppressed due to the relatively large J and the external magnetic field. Using both a

Ce Meng, Hao Han, Kuang-Ta Chao

We evaluate the production cross sections of $X(3872)$ at the LHC and Tevatron at NLO in $α_s$ in NRQCD by assuming that the short-distance production proceeds dominantly through its $χ_{c1}&#39;$ component in our $χ_{c1}&#39;\mbox{-}D^0\bar{D}^{*0}$ mixing model for $X(3872)$. The outcomes of the fits to the CMS $p_T$ distribution can well account for the r

Matúš Mihalák, Rastislav Šrámek, Peter Widmayer

Given a directed acyclic graph with positive edge-weights, two vertices s and t, and a threshold-weight L, we present a fully-polynomial time approximation-scheme for the problem of counting the s-t paths of length at most L. We extend the algorithm for the case of two (or more) instances of the same problem. That is, given two graphs that have the same vert

Sumedh R. Risbud, Mingxiang Luo, Joelle Frechette, German Drazer

We present a numerical study of the effect that fluid and particle inertia have on the motion of suspended spherical particles through a geometric constriction to understand analogous microfluidic settings, such as pinched flow fractionation devices. The particles are driven by a constant force in a quiescent fluid, and the constriction (the pinching gap) co

Grzegorz Plewa, Michal Spalinski

The holographic interpretation of the hydrodynamic entropy current is developed for the case of hydrodynamics with a conserved charge. This is carried out within a framework developed in earlier work, which showed how to associate entropy currents with horizons in the dual geometry. The entropy current defined by the event horizon in the dual bulk geometry i

Elena Accomando, Diego Becciolini, Alexander Belyaev, Stefano Moretti

The interference effects between an extra neutral spin-1 Z&#39;-boson and the Standard Model background in the Drell-Yan channel at the LHC are studied in detail. The final state with two oppositely charged leptons is considered. The interference contribution to the new physics signal, currently not fully taken into account by experimental collaborations in

Yuanyuan Zhang, Jörg P. Dietrich, Timothy A. McKay, Erin S. Sheldon

We present a method to study the photometric properties of galaxies in filaments by stacking the galaxy populations between pairs of galaxy clusters. Using Sloan Digital Sky Survey data, this method can detect the inter-cluster filament galaxy overdensity with a significance of $\sim 5 σ$ out to $z=0.40$. Using this approach, we study the $g-r$ color and lum

Pak Hou Che, Mayank Bakshi, Sidharth Jaggi

A transmitter Alice may wish to reliably transmit a message to a receiver Bob over a binary symmetric channel (BSC), while simultaneously ensuring that her transmission is deniable from an eavesdropper Willie. That is, if Willie listening to Alice&#39;s transmissions over a &#34;significantly noisier&#34; BSC than the one to Bob, he should be unable to estim

Adrien Saumard

We consider the estimation of a bounded regression function with nonparametric heteroscedastic noise and random design. We study the true and empirical excess risks of the least-squares estimator on finite-dimensional vector spaces. We give upper and lower bounds on these quantities that are nonasymptotic and optimal to first order, allowing the dimension to

Erik G. Larsson, Ove Edfors, Fredrik Tufvesson, Thomas L. Marzetta

Multi-user Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) offers big advantages over conventional point-to-point MIMO: it works with cheap single-antenna terminals, a rich scattering environment is not required, and resource allocation is simplified because every active terminal utilizes all of the time-frequency bins. However, multi-user MIMO, as originally envision

Lev Vaidman

I argue that recent &#34;Protocol for Direct Counterfactual Quantum Communication&#34; by Salih et al. [PRL 110, 170502 (2013), arXiv:1206.2042] is counterfactual only for one type of the information bit.

Julian Rennert, David Sloan

We examine spinfoam cosmology by use of a simple graph adapted to homogeneous cosmological models. We calculate dynamics in the isotropic limit, and provide the framework for the aniostropic case. The dynamical behaviour is calculating transition amplitudes between holomorphic coherent states on a single node graph. The resultant dynamics is peaked on soluti

Joshua Brody, Pooya Hatami

In this paper, we consider several property testing problems and ask how the query complexity depends on the distance parameter $\eps$. We achieve new lower bounds in this setting for the problems of testing whether a function is monotone and testing whether the function has low Fourier degree. For monotonicity testing, our lower bound matches the recent upp

N. Upadhyaya, A. M. Turner, V. Vitelli

We study a chain of anharmonic springs with tunable power law interactions as a minimal model to explore the propagation of strongly non-linear solitary wave excitations in a background of thermal fluctuations. By treating the solitary waves as quasi-particles, we derive an effective Langevin equation and obtain their damping rate and thermal diffusion. Thes

Ole E. Barndorff-Nielsen, Mikko S. Pakkanen, Jürgen Schmiegel

We introduce the notion of relative volatility/intermittency and demonstrate how relative volatility statistics can be used to estimate consistently the temporal variation of volatility/intermittency when the data of interest are generated by a non-semimartingale, or a Brownian semistationary process in particular. This estimation method is motivated by the

M. Oliva-Leyva, G. G. Naumis

The behavior of electrons in strained graphene is usually described using effective pseudomagnetic fields in a Dirac equation. Here we consider the particular case of a spatially constant strain. Our results indicate that lattice corrections are easily understood using a strained reciprocal space, in which the whole energy dispersion is simply shifted and de

Jaume Garriga, Sugumi Kanno, Takahiro Tanaka

Vacuum bubbles nucleate at rest with a certain critical size and subsequently expand. But what selects the rest frame of nucleation? This question has been recently addressed in [1] in the context of Schwinger pair production in 1+1 dimensions, by using a model detector in order to probe the nucleated pairs. The analysis in [1] showed that, for a constant ex

Charles D. Dermer, Matteo Cerruti, Benoit Lott, Catherine Boisson

Blazar spectral models generally have numerous unconstrained parameters, leading to ambiguous values for physical properties like Doppler factor delta or fluid magnetic field B&#39;. To help remedy this problem, a few modifications of the standard leptonic blazar jet scenario are considered. First, a log-parabola function for the electron distribution is use

Nikolai Kiesel, Florian Blaser, Uros Delic, David Grass

The ability to trap and to manipulate individual atoms is at the heart of current implementations of quantum simulations, quantum computing, and long-distance quantum communication. Controlling the motion of larger particles opens up yet new avenues for quantum science, both for the study of fundamental quantum phenomena in the context of matter wave interfe

V. S. Shchesnovich

An asymptotic analytical approach is proposed for bosonic probability amplitudes in unitary linear networks, such as the optical multiport devices for photons. The asymptotic approach applies for large number of bosons $N\gg M$ in the $M$-mode network, where $M$ is finite. The probability amplitudes of $N$ bosons unitarily transformed from the input modes to

C. Danielski, T. Kacprzak, G. Tinetti, P. Jagoda

The study of exoplanetary atmospheres epitomises a continuous quest for higher accuracy measurements. Systematic effects and noise associated with both the stellar activity and the instrument can bias the results and thus limit the precision of the analysis. To reach a high photometric and spectroscopic precision, it is therefore essential to correct for the

Salvatore Aiola

Reconstruction of jets in high-energy heavy-ion collisions is challenging due to the large and fluctuating background coming from the underlying event. We report results on full jet reconstruction, obtained from data collected in 2011 by the ALICE detector at LHC for Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76~\mathrm{TeV}$. The analysis makes use of th

Charilaos Efthymiou

Sampling from Gibbs distribution is a central problem in computer science as well as in statistical physics. In this work we focus on the k-colouring model} and the hard-core model with fugacity λwhen the underlying graph is an instance of Erdos-Renyi random graph G(n,p), where p=d/n and d is fixed. We use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method for sampling fro

Bebe Prunaru

A short proof is given for the well-known Choi-Effros theorem on the structure of ranges of completely positive projections.

B. Mishra, G. Meyer, R. Sepulchre

This paper addresses the problem of low-rank distance matrix completion. This problem amounts to recover the missing entries of a distance matrix when the dimension of the data embedding space is possibly unknown but small compared to the number of considered data points. The focus is on high-dimensional problems. We recast the considered problem into an opt

M. Gubinelli, F. Hiroshima, J. Lorinczi

Starting from the N-particle Nelson Hamiltonian defined by imposing an ultraviolet cutoff, we perform ultraviolet renormalization by showing that in the zero cutoff limit a self-adjoint operator exists after a logarithmically divergent term is subtracted from the original Hamiltonian. We obtain this term as the diagonal part of a pair interaction appearing i

Katharina Holstein, Dietrich Flockerzi, Carsten Conradi

Multisite phosphorylation networks are encountered in many intracellular processes like signal transduction, cell-cycle control or nuclear signal integration. In this contribution networks describing the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of a protein at $n$ sites in a sequential distributive mechanism are considered. Multistationarity (i.e.\ the existenc

Emmanuel Frenod

This note introduces a PDE-like Toy-Model that embeds several aspects of Territory Working. The long term goal is to build a software tool that behaves like a Territory, and in particular that incorporates its multi-scale-in-time-and-space nature, in order to make simulations, to explore scenarios, to foresee policy impacts, to help to make a decision when f

Shi-Mei Ma

In this paper we consider the gamma-vectors of the types A and B Coxeter complexes as well as the gamma-vectors of the types A and B associahedrons. We show that these gamma-vectors can be obtained by using derivative polynomials of the tangent and secant functions. A grammatical description for these gamma-vectors is discussed. Moreover, we also present a g

Anne-Laure Dalibard, Christophe Prange

This paper is devoted to the well-posedness of the stationary $3$d Stokes-Coriolis system set in a half-space with rough bottom and Dirichlet data which does not decrease at space infinity. Our system is a linearized version of the Ekman boundary layer system. We look for a solution of infinite energy in a space of Sobolev regularity. Following an idea of Gé

Dario Prandi

We prove the continuity and the Hölder equivalence w.r.t.\ an Euclidean distance of the value function associated with the $L^1$ cost of the control-affine system $\dot q = \drift(q)+\sum_{j=1}^m u_j f_j(q)$, satisfying the strong Hörmander condition. This is done by proving a result in the same spirit as the Ball-Box theorem for driftless (or sub-Riemannian

Oleksandr Chepizhko, Vladimir Kulinskii

We use the method of the microscopic phase density to get the kinetic equation for the system of self-propelled particles with Vicsek-like alignment rule. The hydrodynamic equations are derived for the ordered phase taking into account the mean-field force only. The equation for the hydrodynamic velocity plays the role of the Euler equation for the self-prop

Fernando Muro

We prove, under mild assumptions, that a Quillen equivalence between symmetric monoidal model categories gives rise to a Quillen equivalence between their model categories of (non-symmetric) operads, and also between model categories of algebras over operads. We also show left properness results on model categories of operads and algebras over operads. As an

Xavier Carvajal, Mahendra Panthee

In this work, we study the initial value problems associated to some linear perturbations of KdV equations. Our focus is in the well-posedness issues for initial data given in the $L^2$-based Sobolev spaces. We derive bilinear estimate in a space with weight in the time variable and obtain sharp local well-posedness results.

Georg Harder, Vahid Ansari, Benjamin Brecht, Thomas Dirmeier

We implement an ultrafast pulsed type-II parametric down conversion source in a periodically poled KTP waveguide at telecommunication wavelengths with almost identical properties between signal and idler. As such, our source resembles closely a pure, genuine single mode photon pair source with indistinguishable modes. We measure the joint spectral intensity

Sean Li

We give lower bound estimates for the macroscopic scale of coarse differentiability of Lipschitz maps from a Carnot group with the Carnot-Carathéodory metric $(G,\dcc)$ to a few different classes of metric spaces. Using this result, we derive lower bound estimates for quantitative nonembeddability of Lipschitz embeddings of $G$ into a metric space $(X,d_X)$

Izumi Ojima, Kazuya Okamura, Hayato Saigo

In the present paper we propose a new axiomatic system of algebraic and statistical axioms as working hypotheses, from which Born rule can be seen to emerge. In this process the concept of sectors defined as quasi-equivalence classes of factor states plays a crucial role.

Lorenzo Rimoldini

Unevenly spaced time series are common in astronomy because of the day-night cycle, weather conditions, dependence on the source position in the sky, allocated telescope time, corrupt measurements, for example, or be inherent to the scanning law of satellites like Hipparcos and the forthcoming Gaia. Irregular sampling often causes clumps of measurements and

Jie-Qiao Liao, Franco Nori

We present exact analytical solutions to study the coherent interaction between a single photon and the mechanical motion of a membrane in quadratic optomechanics. We consider single-photon emission and scattering when the photon is initially inside the cavity and in the fields outside the cavity, respectively. Using our solutions, we calculate the single-ph

Francesco Cellarosi

We provide an asymptotic estimate for certain sums over k-free integers with small prime factors. These sums depend upon a complex parameter αand involve a smooth cut-off f. They are a variation of several classical number-theoretical sums. One term in the asymptotics is an integral operator whose kernel is the α-convolution of the Dickman-de Bruijn distribu

Anargyros Katsabekis

To any lattice $L \subset \mathbb{Z}^{m}$ one can associate the lattice ideal $I_{L} \subset K[x_{1},...,x_{m}]$. This paper concerns the study of the relation between the binomial arithmetical rank and the minimal number of generators of $I_{L}$. We provide lower bounds for the binomial arithmetical rank and the $\mathcal{A}$-homogeneous arithmetical rank o

Aaron D. Valdivia

We show that when the genus and punctures of a surface are directly proportional by some rational number the minimal asymptotic translation length in the curve complex has behavior inverse to the square of the Euler characteristic. We also show that when the genus is fixed and the number of punctures varies the behavior is inverse to the Euler characteristic

M. Formisano, D. Turrini, C. Federico, F. Capaccioni

Asteroid 21 Lutetia, visited by the Rosetta spacecraft, plays a crucial role in the reconstruction of primordial phases of planetary objects. Its high bulk density and its primitive chondritic crust (Weiss et al. 2011) suggest that Lutetia could be partially differentiated. We developed a numerical code, also used for studying the geophysical history of Vest

Young-Ho Eom, Klaus M. Frahm, András Benczúr, Dima L. Shepelyansky

We study the time evolution of ranking and spectral properties of the Google matrix of English Wikipedia hyperlink network during years 2003 - 2011. The statistical properties of ranking of Wikipedia articles via PageRank and CheiRank probabilities, as well as the matrix spectrum, are shown to be stabilized for 2007 - 2011. A special emphasis is done on rank

Jean Barbier, Florent Krzakala, Lenka Zdeborová, Pan Zhang

We revisit the error correction scheme of real-valued signals when the codeword is corrupted by gross errors on a fraction of entries and a small noise on all the entries. Combining the recent developments of approximate message passing and the spatially-coupled measurement matrix in compressed sensing we show that the error correction and its robustness tow

Takeo Moroi, Kyohei Mukaida, Kazunori Nakayama, Masahiro Takimoto

We study in detail the dynamics of a scalar field in thermal bath with symmetry breaking potential. In particular, we focus on the process of trapping of a scalar field at an enhanced symmetry point through the thermal/non-thermal particle production, taking into account the interactions of produced particles with the standard model particles. As an explicit

Michele Midrio, Paola Galli, Marco Romagnoli, Lionel C. Kimerling

In this paper we report phase modulation obtained by inducing a capacitive charge on graphene layers embedded in the core of a waveguide. There is a biasing regime in which graphene absorption is negligible but large index variations can be achieved with a voltage-length product as small as $V_π\,L_π\simeq 0.04 $\,V\,cm . Examples of phase induced changes ar

Roman Cherniha, Vasyl' Davydovych

Q-conditional symmetries (nonclassical symmetries) for a general class of two-component reaction-diffusion systems with constant diffusivities are studied. Using the recently introduced notion of Q-conditional symmetries of the first type (R. Cherniha J. Phys. A: Math. Theor., 2010. vol. 43., 405207), an exhaustive list of reaction-diffusion systems admittin

Harald W. Griesshammer

A complete set of linearly independent observables in Compton scattering with arbitrarily polarised real photons off an arbitrarily polarised spin-1 target is introduced, for the case that the final-state polarisations are not measured. Adopted from the one widely used e.g. in deuteron photo-dissociation, it consists of 18 terms: the unpolarised cross sectio

Dániel Marx, László A. Végh

We consider connectivity-augmentation problems in a setting where each potential new edge has a nonnegative cost associated with it, and the task is to achieve a certain connectivity target with at most p new edges of minimum total cost. The main result is that the minimum cost augmentation of edge-connectivity from k-1 to k with at most p new edges is fixed

Zilong Li, Cosimo Bambi

Recently, several authors have studied the possibility of overspinning or overcharging an existing black hole to destroy its event horizon and make the central singularity naked. When all the effects are properly taken into account, any attempt to destroy the black hole seems to be doomed to fail, in agreement with the weak cosmic censorship conjecture. In t

Heide Gluesing-Luerssen

The values of the homogeneous weight are determined for finite Frobenius rings that are a direct product of local Frobenius rings. This is used to investigate the partition induced by this weight and its dual partition under character-theoretic dualization. A characterization is given of those rings for which the induced partition is reflexive or even self-d

Han Dong, Jiaxin Wang, Xinhe Meng

Noether&#39;s theory offers us a useful tool to research the conserved quantities and symmetries of the modified gravity theories, among which the $f(T)$ theory, a generally modified teleparallel gravity, has been proposed to account for the dark energy phenomena. By the Noether symmetry approach, we investigate the power-law, exponential and polynomial form

Narasimha Kumar, Soma Purkait

In this note, we show that the algebraicity of the Fourier coefficients of half-integral weight modular forms can be determined by checking the algebraicity of the first few of them. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition for a half-integral weight modular form to be in Kohnen&#39;s +-subspace by considering only finitely many terms.

Sho Tanaka

In confrontation with serious and fundamental problems towards ultimate theory of quantum gravity and physics of Planck scale, we emphasize the importance of underlying noncommutative space-time such as Snyder&#39;s or Yang&#39;s Lorentz-covariant quantized space-time. The background of Bekenstein-Hawking&#39;s Area-entropy law and Holographic principle is n

N. V. Abrosimov, E. Makai,, A. D. Mednykh, Yu. G. Nikonorov

We prove the theorem mentioned in the title, for ${\mathbb{R}}^n$, where $n \ge 3$. The case of the simplex was known previously. Also, the case $n=2$ was settled, but there the infimum was some well-defined function of the side lengths. We also consider the cases of spherical and hyperbolic $n$-spaces. There we give some necessary conditions for the existen

Adam Epstein, Lasse Rempe-Gillen

Let f be an entire function that has only finitely many critical and asymptotic values. Up to topological equivalence, the function $f$ is determined by combinatorial information, more precisely by an infinite graph known as a &#34;line-complex&#34;. In this note, we discuss the natural question whether the order of growth of an entire function is determined

David de Frutos Escrig, Carlos Gregorio-Rodríguez, Miguel Palomino, David Romero Hernández

Van Glabbeek&#39;s linear time-branching time spectrum is one of the most relevant work on comparative study on process semantics, in which semantics are partially ordered by their discrimination power. In this paper we bring forward a refinement of this classification and show how the process semantics can be dealt with in a uniform way: based on the very n

Eric J. R. Parteli, Orencio Durán, Mary C. Bourke, Haim Tsoar

Barchan dunes --- crescent-shaped dunes that form in areas of unidirectional winds and low sand availability --- commonly display an asymmetric shape, with one limb extended downwind. Several factors have been identified as potential causes for barchan dune asymmetry on Earth and Mars: asymmetric bimodal wind regime, topography, influx asymmetry and dune col

Victor Dotsenko

In this brief technical communication it is demonstrated how using Bethe ansatz technique the explicit expression for the two-point free energy distribution function in (1+1) directed polymers can be derived in rather simple way. Obtained result is equivalent to the one derived earlier by Prolhac and Spohn.

Lorenzo Rimoldini

Noise is an unavoidable part of most measurements which can hinder a correct interpretation of the data. Uncertainties propagate in the data analysis and can lead to biased results even in basic descriptive statistics such as the central moments and cumulants. Expressions of noise-unbiased estimates of central moments and cumulants up to the fourth order are

Bruno Amorim, Francisco Guinea

Out of plane vibrations are suppressed in graphene layers placed on a substrate. These modes, in suspended samples, are relevant for the understanding of properties such as the resistivity, the thermal expansion coefficient, and other. We present a general framework for the study of the properties of out of plane modes in graphene on different substrates. We

Steffen Heß, Francisco-Shu Kitaura, Stefan Gottloeber

In this work we present cosmological N-body simulations of the Local Universe with initial conditions constrained by the Two-Micron Redshift Survey (2MRS) within a cubic volume of 180 Mpc/h side-length centred at the Local Group. We use a self-consistent Bayesian based approach to explore the joint parameter space of primordial density fluctuations and pecul