November 2018 arXiv papers — page 13

Sarah Phan-Budd

It can be a challenge to come up with simple demonstrations of circular motion and conservation of energy. One such demonstration consists of a large exercise ball, off of which a small solid or hollow ball is rolled. The small balls are coated in finger paint so, after an initial push, they roll nearly without slipping and create a visible tracks that can b

Paolo Lorenzoni, Marco Pedroni, Andrea Raimondo

We study the invariants (in particular, the central invariants) of suitable Poisson pencils from the point of view of the theory of bi-Hamiltonian reduction, paying a particular attention to the case where the Poisson pencil is exact. We show that the exactness is preserved by the reduction. In the Drinfeld-Sokolov case, the same is true for the characterist

Yi Xu, Qi Qi, Qihang Lin, Rong Jin

Difference of convex (DC) functions cover a broad family of non-convex and possibly non-smooth and non-differentiable functions, and have wide applications in machine learning and statistics. Although deterministic algorithms for DC functions have been extensively studied, stochastic optimization that is more suitable for learning with big data remains under

Alexander A. Shashkin, Sergey V. Kravchenko

We review the latest developments in the field of the metal-insulator transition in strongly-correlated two-dimensional electron systems. Particular attention is given to recent discoveries of a sliding quantum electron solid and interaction-induced spectrum flattening at the Fermi level in high-quality silicon-based structures.

Yutong Bai, Qing Liu, Lingxi Xie, Weichao Qiu

Detecting semantic parts of an object is a challenging task in computer vision, particularly because it is hard to construct large annotated datasets due to the difficulty of annotating semantic parts. In this paper we present an approach which learns from a small training dataset of annotated semantic parts, where the object is seen from a limited range of

E. B. Postnikov, A. P. Kryukov, S. P. Polyakov, D. A. Shipilov

In this work we compare two open source machine learning libraries, PyTorch and TensorFlow, as software platforms for rejecting hadron background events detected by imaging air Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs). Monte Carlo simulation for the TAIGA-IACT telescope is used to estimate background rejection quality. A wide variety of neural network algorithms provide

Siavash Khodadadeh, Ladislau Bölöni, Mubarak Shah

Few-shot or one-shot learning of classifiers requires a significant inductive bias towards the type of task to be learned. One way to acquire this is by meta-learning on tasks similar to the target task. In this paper, we propose UMTRA, an algorithm that performs unsupervised, model-agnostic meta-learning for classification tasks. The meta-learning step of U

Nikhil Mukund, Brian O'Reilly, Surendra Nadh Somala, Sanjit Mitra

Advanced LIGO and the next generation of ground-based detectors aim to capture many more binary coalescences through improving sensitivity and duty cycle. Earthquakes have always been a limiting factor at low frequency where neither the pendulum suspension nor the active controls provide sufficient isolation to the test mass mirrors. Several control strategi

Georgios Mastorakis

It is well known that the quality and quantity of training data are significant factors which affect the development and performance of machine intelligence algorithms. Without representative data, neither scientists nor algorithms would be able to accurately capture the visual details of objects, actions or scenes. An evaluation methodology which filters da

Huangjie Zheng, Lingxi Xie, Tianwei Ni, Ya Zhang

In real-world practice, medical images acquired in different phases possess complementary information, {\em e.g.}, radiologists often refer to both arterial and venous scans in order to make the diagnosis. However, in medical image analysis, fusing prediction from two phases is often difficult, because (i) there is a domain gap between two phases, and (ii) t

Kyle Kremer, Carl L. Rodriguez, Pau Amaro-Seoane, Katelyn Breivik

The dynamical processing of black holes in the dense cores of globular clusters (GCs), makes them efficient factories for producing binary black holes (BBHs). Here we explore the population of BBHs that form dynamically in GCs and may be observable at mHz frequencies or higher with LISA. We use our Monte Carlo stellar dynamics code, which includes gravitatio

Remco van der Hofstad, Rudi Pendavingh, Jorn van der Pol

We prove asymptotic upper bounds on the number of $d$-partitions (paving matroids of fixed rank) and partial Steiner systems (sparse paving matroids of fixed rank), using a mixture of entropy counting, sparse encoding, and the probabilistic method.

E. Jambon-Puillet, W. Bouwhuis, J. H. Snoeijer, D. Bonn

From everyday experience, we all know that a solid edge can deflect a liquid flowing over it significantly, up to the point where the liquid completely sticks to the solid. Although important in pouring, printing and extrusion processes, there is no predictive model of this so-called "teapot effect". By grazing vertical cylinders with inclined capill

Sheng Ran, Chris Eckberg, Qing-Ping Ding, Yuji Furukawa

Nonunitary superconductivity is a rare and striking phenomenon in which spin up and spin down electrons segregate into two different quantum condensates. Because they support topological excitations, such superconductors are being seriously considered for potential quantum information applications. We report the discovery of nonunitary spin-triplet supercond

Tom Kelly, Luke Postle

In a fractional coloring, vertices of a graph are assigned measurable subsets of the real line and adjacent vertices receive disjoint subsets; the fractional chromatic number of a graph is at most $k$ if it has a fractional coloring in which each vertex receives a subset of $[0, 1]$ of measure at least $1/k$. We introduce and develop the theory of "fract

Antonio Pich, Juan Rojo, Rainer Sommer, Antonio Vairo

The `XIIIth Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum' conference (Confinement 2018) contained a `Round Table Discussion' on the status of the determinations of the strong coupling $α_s(m_Z)$ as well as prospects for future improvements. In this contribution, we summarize the different aspects of the discussion. In particular, we cover $α_s$ determin

Florian Zaussinger, Friedrich Kupka

We present a numerical study of double-diffusive convection characterized by a stratification unstable to thermal convection while at the same time a mean molecular weight (or solute concentration) difference between top and bottom counteracts this instability. Convective zones can form in this case either by the stratification being locally unstable to the

K M Arefeen Sultan, Labiba Kanij Rupty, Nahidul Islam Pranto, Sayed Khan Shuvo

We propose a method to translate cartoon images to real world images using Generative Aderserial Network (GAN). Existing GAN-based image-to-image translation methods which are trained on paired datasets are impractical as the data is difficult to accumulate. Therefore, in this paper we exploit the Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks (CycleGAN) method for i

Enea Mauri, Henk Stoof

We introduce Coulomb interactions in the holographic description of strongly interacting systems, by performing a (current-current) double-trace deformation of the boundary theory. In the theory dual to a Reissner-Nordström background, this deformation leads to gapped plasmon modes in the density-density response, as expected from conventional RPA calculatio

T. Shang, M. Smidman, S. K. Ghosh, C. Baines

To trace the origin of time-reversal symmetry breaking (TRSB) in Re-based superconductors, we performed comparative muon-spin rotation/relaxation ($μ$SR) studies of superconducting noncentrosymmetric Re$_{0.82}$Nb$_{0.18}$ ($T_c = 8.8$ K) and centrosymmetric Re ($T_c = 2.7$ K). In Re$_{0.82}$Nb$_{0.18}$, the low temperature superfluid density and the electro

Alex Fitts, Michael Boylan-Kolchin, Brandon Bozek, James S. Bullock

We present a suite of FIRE-2 cosmological zoom-in simulations of isolated field dwarf galaxies, all with masses of $M_\mathrm{halo} \approx 10^{10}\,$M$_\odot$ at $z=0$, across a range of dark matter models. For the first time, we compare how both self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) and/or warm dark matter (WDM) models affect the assembly histories as well a

Paul Webster, Stephen D. Bartlett

Braiding defects in topological stabiliser codes has been widely studied as a promising approach to fault-tolerant quantum computing. We present a no-go theorem that places very strong limitations on the potential of such schemes for universal fault-tolerant quantum computing in any spatial dimension. In particular, we show that, for the natural encoding of

Steven McDonagh, Sarah Parisot, Fengwei Zhou, Xing Zhang

Digital camera pipelines employ color constancy methods to estimate an unknown scene illuminant, in order to re-illuminate images as if they were acquired under an achromatic light source. Fully-supervised learning approaches exhibit state-of-the-art estimation accuracy with camera-specific labelled training imagery. Resulting models typically suffer from do

Biao Lian, Fang Xie, B. Andrei Bernevig

We study the Hofstadter butterfly and Landau levels of the twisted bilayer graphene (TBG). We show that the nontrivial fragile topology of the lowest two bands near the charge neutral point makes their Hofstadter butterfly generically connected with higher bands, closing the gap between the first and second conduction (valence) bands at a certain magnetic fl

Francois Grondin, James Glass

This paper introduces a new localization method called SVD-PHAT. The SVD-PHAT method relies on Singular Value Decomposition of the SRP-PHAT projection matrix. A k-d tree is also proposed to speed up the search for the most likely direction of arrival of sound. We show that this method performs as accurately as SRP-PHAT, while reducing significantly the amoun

Franco Fagnola, John E. Gough, Hendra I. Nurdin, Lorenza Viola

We develop a notion of dephasing under the action of a quantum Markov semigroup in terms of convergence of operators to a block-diagonal form determined by irreducible invariant subspaces. If the latter are all one-dimensional, we say the dephasing is maximal. With this definition, we show that a key necessary requirement on the Lindblad generator is bistoch

Sebastiano Cantalupo, Gabriele Pezzulli, Simon J. Lilly, Raffaella A. Marino

With a projected size of about 450 kpc at z~2.3, the Slug Ly-alpha nebula is a rare laboratory to study, in emission, the properties of the intergalactic gas in the Cosmic Web. Since its discovery, the Slug has been the subject of several spectroscopic follow-ups to constrain the properties of the emitting gas. Here we report the results of a deep MUSE integ

Hermann Schulz-Baldes, Daniele Toniolo

Strong invariants of even-dimensional topological insulators of independent Fermions are expressed in terms of an invertible operator on the Hilbert space over the boundary. It is given by the Cayley transform of the boundary restriction of the half-space resolvent. This dimensional reduction is routed in new representation for the $K$-theoretic exponential

Benjamin J. Brown, Sam Roberts

Certain physical systems that one might consider for fault-tolerant quantum computing where qubits do not readily interact, for instance photons, are better suited for measurement-based quantum-computational protocols. Here we propose a measurement-based model for universal quantum computation that simulates the braiding and fusion of Majorana modes. To deri

Almog Yalinewich, Hilke E. Schlichting

Using moving mesh hydrodynamic simulations, we determine the shock propagation and resulting ground velocities for a planet hit by a high velocity impactor. We use our results to determine the atmospheric mass loss caused by the resulting ground motion due to the impact shock wave. We find that there are two distinct shock propagation regimes: In the limit i

E. Onorati, A. H. Werner, J. Eisert

Any technology requires precise benchmarking of its components, and the quantum technologies are no exception. Randomized benchmarking allows for the relatively resource economical estimation of the average gate fidelity of quantum gates from the Clifford group, assuming identical noise levels for all gates, making use of suitable sequences of randomly chose

Karim Benakli, Yifan Chen, Peng Cheng, Gaëtan Lafforgue-Marmet

Stochastic gravitational waves can be produced during the preheating when out-of-equilibrium particles are produced with an anisotropic stress-tensor. We discuss the case where these particles carry spin 3/2. We compute the spectrum of the gravitational waves generated by the transverse and longitudinal components. We find a different scaling of the spectrum

Takahiro Nishinaka, Shinya Sasa, Rui-Dong Zhu

We compute the Schur index of Argyres-Douglas theories of type $(A_{N-1},A_{M-1})$ with surface operators inserted, via the Higgsing prescription proposed by D. Gaiotto, L. Rastelli and S. S. Razamat. These surface operators are obtained by turning on position-dependent vacuum expectation values of operators in a UV theory which can flow to the Argyres-Dougl

Joan Bellier-Millès, Bérénice Delcroix-Oger, Eric Hoffbeck

In 2007, Vallette built a bridge across posets and operads by proving that an operad is Koszul if and only if the associated partition posets are Cohen-Macaulay. Both notions of being Koszul and being Cohen-Macaulay admit different refinements: our goal here is to link two of these refinements. We more precisely prove that any (basic-set) operad whose associ

Yang Bai, Nicholas Orlofsky

Primordial black holes (PBHs) with a mass from $10^{-16}$ to $10^{-11}\,M_\odot$ may comprise 100% of dark matter. Due to a combination of wave and finite source size effects, the traditional microlensing of stars does not probe this mass range. In this paper, we point out that X-ray pulsars with higher photon energies and smaller source sizes are good candi

Jessie Hirtenstein, Tucker Jones, Xin Wang, Andrew Wetzel

We introduce the OSIRIS Lens-Amplified Survey (OLAS), a kinematic survey of gravitationally lensed galaxies at cosmic noon taken with Keck adaptive optics. In this paper we present spatially resolved spectroscopy and nebular emission kinematic maps for 17 star forming galaxies with stellar masses 8 < log($M_*$/$M_{\odot}$) < 9.8 and redshifts 1.2 < z < 2.3.

Mohammad Alidoust

We have generalized a quasiclassical model for Weyl semimetals with a tilted band in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. This model is applicable to ballistic, moderately disordered, and samples containing a high density of nonmagnetic impurities. We employ this formalism and show that a self-biased supercurrent, creating a ϕ0-junction, can

Nassim Bozorgnia, Azadeh Fattahi, David G. Cerdeno, Carlos S. Frenk

The dark matter velocity distribution in the Solar neighbourhood is an important astrophysical input which enters in the predicted event rate of dark matter direct detection experiments. It has been recently suggested that the local dark matter velocity distribution can be inferred from that of old or metal-poor stars in the Milky Way. We investigate this po

Janez Kos, Joss Bland-Hawthorn, Martin Asplund, Sven Buder

The Orion complex is arguably the most studied star-forming region in the Galaxy. While stars are still being born in the Orion nebula, the oldest part was believed to be no more than 13 Myr old. In order to study the full hierarchy of star formation across the Orion complex, we perform a clustering analysis of the Ori OB1a region using new stellar surveys a

Michael Zhang, Yayaati Chachan, Eliza M. -R. Kempton, Heather A. Knutson

We introduce PLanetary Atmospheric Transmission for Observer Noobs (PLATON), a Python package that calculates transmission spectra for exoplanets and retrieves atmospheric characteristics based on observed spectra. PLATON is easy to install and use, with common use cases taking no more than a few lines of code. It is also fast, with the forward model taking

Nikki Zabel, Timothy A. Davis, Matthew W. L. Smith, Natasha Maddox

We present the first results of the ALMA Fornax Cluster Survey (AlFoCS): a complete ALMA survey of all members of the Fornax galaxy cluster that were detected in HI or in the far infrared with Herschel. The sample consists of a wide variety of galaxy types, ranging from giant ellipticals to spiral galaxies and dwarfs, located in all (projected) areas of the

Michael V. Maseda, Marijn Franx, Jacopo Chevallard, Emma Curtis-Lake

The James Webb Space Telescope will provide observational capabilities that far exceed those of current ground- or space-based instrumentation. In particular, the NIRSpec instrument will take highly sensitive spectroscopic data for hundreds of objects simultaneously from 0.6-5.3 microns. Current photometric observations suggest a large and increasing number

Christopher J. Agostino, Samir Salim

In this work, we investigate the reliability of the BPT diagram for excluding galaxies that host an AGN. We determine the prevalence of X-ray AGN in the star-forming region of the BPT diagram and discuss the reasons behind this apparent misclassification, focusing primarily on relatively massive ($\log(M_{*})\gtrsim10$) galaxies. X-ray AGN are selected from

Z. Hafen, C. -A. Faucher-Giguere, D. Angles-Alcazar, J. Stern

We use a particle tracking analysis to study the origins of the circumgalactic medium (CGM), separating it into (1) accretion from the intergalactic medium (IGM), (2) wind from the central galaxy, and (3) gas ejected from other galaxies. Our sample consists of 21 FIRE-2 simulations, spanning the halo mass range log(Mh/Msun) ~ 10-12 , and we focus on z=0.25 a

Yang Peng, Gil Refael

We propose a systematic way of constructing Floquet second-order topological insulators (SOTIs) based on time-glide symmetry, a nonsymmorphic space-time symmetry that is unique in Floquet systems. In particular, we are able to show that the static enlarged Hamiltonian in the frequency domain acquires the reflection symmetry, which is inherited from the time-

Dario Pavllo, Christoph Feichtenhofer, David Grangier, Michael Auli

In this work, we demonstrate that 3D poses in video can be effectively estimated with a fully convolutional model based on dilated temporal convolutions over 2D keypoints. We also introduce back-projection, a simple and effective semi-supervised training method that leverages unlabeled video data. We start with predicted 2D keypoints for unlabeled video, the

Alfredo Glioti, Riccardo Rattazzi, Luca Vecchi

Conventional scenarios of electroweak (EW) baryogenesis are strongly constrained by experimental searches for CP violation beyond the SM. We propose an alternative scenario where the EW phase transition and baryogenesis occur at temperatures of the order of a new physics threshold $Λ$ far above the Fermi scale, say, in the $100-1000$ TeV range. This way the

Daniel A. Cruz, Margherita Maria Ferrari, Natasa Jonoska, Lukas Nabergall

A double occurrence word (DOW) is a word in which every symbol appears exactly twice; two DOWs are equivalent if one is a symbol-to-symbol image of the other. We consider the so called repeat pattern ($αα$) and the return pattern ($αα^R$), with gaps allowed between the $α$&#39;s. These patterns generalize square and palindromic factors of DOWs, respectively.

Wolfgang Löhr, Anita Winter

In this paper we present with algebraic trees a novel notion of (continuum) trees which generalizes countable graph-theoretic trees to (potentially) uncountable structures. For that purpose we focus on the tree structure given by the branch point map which assigns to each triple of points their branch point. We give an axiomatic definition of algebraic trees

Ruoqing Zhu, Jiyang Zhang, Ruilin Zhao, Peng Xu

orthoDr is a package in R that solves dimension reduction problems using orthogonality constrained optimization approach. The package serves as a unified framework for many regression and survival analysis dimension reduction models that utilize semiparametric estimating equations. The main computational machinery of orthoDr is a first-order algorithm develo

A. U. Abeysekara, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez

Simulations of dark matter show a discrepancy between the expected number of Galactic dark matter sub-halos and how many have been optically observed. Some of these unseen satellites may exist as dark dwarf galaxies: sub-halos like dwarf galaxies with no luminous counterpart. Assuming WIMP dark matter, it may be possible to detect these unseen sub-halos from

Florian Lemke, Yasmina Frey, Binal P Bruno, Katrin Philipp

In this paper we present and verify the non-linear simulation of an aspherical adaptive lens based on a piezo-glass sandwich membrane with combined bending and buckling actuation. To predict the full non-linear piezoelectric behavior, we measured the non-linear charge coefficient, hysteresis and creep effects of the piezo material and inserted them into the

Chengbin Hou, Shan He, Ke Tang

Attributed networks are ubiquitous since a network often comes with auxiliary attribute information e.g. a social network with user profiles. Attributed Network Embedding (ANE) has recently attracted considerable attention, which aims to learn unified low dimensional node embeddings while preserving both structural and attribute information. The resulting no

Siddharth Kannan, Gaurav Yengera, Didier Mutter, Jacques Marescaux

This work presents a novel approach for the early recognition of the type of a laparoscopic surgery from its video. Early recognition algorithms can be beneficial to the development of &#39;smart&#39; OR systems that can provide automatic context-aware assistance, and also enable quick database indexing. The task is however ridden with challenges specific to

Kristen Menou

Turbulent vertical transport driven by double-diffusive shear instabilities is identified as likely important in hot exoplanet atmospheres. In hot Jupiter atmospheres, the resulting vertical mixing appears sufficient to alleviate the nightside cold trap, thus facilitating the maintenance of nocturnal clouds on these planets. The strong level of vertical mixi

Umut Gursoy, Matti Jarvinen, Govert Nijs, Juan F. Pedraza

We investigate the effects of anisotropy on the chiral condensate in a holographic model of QCD with a fully backreacted quark sector at vanishing chemical potential. The high temperature deconfined phase is a neutral and anisotropic plasma showing different pressure gradients along different spatial directions, similar to the state produced in noncentral he

Daniel J. Mortlock, Stephen M. Feeney, Hiranya V. Peiris, Andrew R. Williamson

Gravitational wave (GW) observations of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers can be used to measure luminosity distances and hence, when coupled with estimates for the mergers&#39; host redshifts, infer the Hubble constant, $H_0$. These observations are, however, affected by GW measurement noise, uncertainties in host redshifts and peculiar velocities, and are

Zilong Huang, Xinggang Wang, Yunchao Wei, Lichao Huang

Contextual information is vital in visual understanding problems, such as semantic segmentation and object detection. We propose a Criss-Cross Network (CCNet) for obtaining full-image contextual information in a very effective and efficient way. Concretely, for each pixel, a novel criss-cross attention module harvests the contextual information of all the pi

S. Borowka, G. Heinrich, S. Jahn, S. P. Jones

The purely numerical evaluation of multi-loop integrals and amplitudes can be a viable alternative to analytic approaches, in particular in the presence of several mass scales, provided sufficient accuracy can be achieved in an acceptable amount of time. For many multi-loop integrals, the fraction of time required to perform the numerical integration is sign

Silvio Franz, Thibaud Maimbourg, Giorgio Parisi, Antonello Scardicchio

We present a novel mechanism for the anomalous behaviour of the specific heat in low-temperature amorphous solids. The analytic solution of a mean-field model belonging to the same universality class as high-dimensional glasses, the spherical perceptron, suggests that there exists a crossover temperature above which the specific heat scales linearly with tem

Martin K. Scherer, Brooke E. Husic, Moritz Hoffmann, Fabian Paul

The modeling of atomistic biomolecular simulations using kinetic models such as Markov state models (MSMs) has had many notable algorithmic advances in recent years. The variational principle has opened the door for a nearly fully automated toolkit for selecting models that predict the long-time kinetics from molecular dynamics simulations. However, one yet-

Chen Lan, Yi-Fan Wang, Huifang Geng, Alexander Andreev

At strong-coupling and weak-field limit, the scalar Schwinger effect is studied by the field-theoretical method of worldline instantons for dynamic fields of single-pulse and sinusoidal types. By examining the Wilson loop along the closed instanton path, corrections to the results obtained from weak-coupling approximations are discovered. They show that this

Josh Merel, Leonard Hasenclever, Alexandre Galashov, Arun Ahuja

We focus on the problem of learning a single motor module that can flexibly express a range of behaviors for the control of high-dimensional physically simulated humanoids. To do this, we propose a motor architecture that has the general structure of an inverse model with a latent-variable bottleneck. We show that it is possible to train this model entirely

Zhengwen Liu

Any gravitational scattering amplitude takes a remarkably simple factorized form at tree level in multi-Regge kinematics (MRK), where the produced particles are strongly ordered in rapidity. Very recently, it was shown that also the scattering equations have a very simple structure in MRK. In this paper we study Einstein gravity amplitudes in MRK in the fram

Pixu Shi, Yuchen Zhou, Anru R. Zhang

In microbiome and genomic studies, the regression of compositional data has been a crucial tool for identifying microbial taxa or genes that are associated with clinical phenotypes. To account for the variation in sequencing depth, the classic log-contrast model is often used where read counts are normalized into compositions. However, zero read counts and t

Claudio Durastanti, Tim Patschkowski

In this paper, aliasing effects are investigated for random fields defined on the d-dimensional sphere and reconstructed from discrete samples. First, we introduce the concept of an aliasing function on the sphere. The aliasing function allows one to identify explicitly the aliases of a given harmonic coefficient in the Fourier decomposition. Then, we exploi

Varghese Mathai, Graeme Wilkin

This paper studies both the conductance and charge transport on 2D orbifolds in a strong magnetic field. We consider a family of Landau Hamiltonians on a complex, compact 2D orbifold $Y$ that are parametrised by the Jacobian torus $J(Y)$ of $Y$. We calculate the degree of the associated stable holomorphic spectral orbibundles when the magnetic field $B$ is l

Jan M. Pawlowski, Manuel Reichert, Christof Wetterich, Masatoshi Yamada

The effect of gravitational fluctuations on the quantum effective potential for scalar fields is a key ingredient for predictions of the mass of the Higgs boson, understanding the gauge hierarchy problem and a possible explanation of an---asymptotically---vanishing cosmological constant. We find that the quartic self-interaction of the Higgs scalar field is

Xin Guo, Aiko Kurushima, Alexey Piunovskiy, Yi Zhang

In this paper, we consider the gradual-impulse control problem of continuous-time Markov decision processes, where the system performance is measured by the expectation of the exponential utility of the total cost. We prove, under very general conditions on the system primitives, the existence of a deterministic stationary optimal policy out of a more genera

Lukas Hörmann, Andreas Jeindl, Alexander T. Egger, Michael Scherbela

In this publication we introduce SAMPLE, a structure search approach for commensurate organic monolayers on inorganic substrates. Such monolayers often show rich polymorphism with diverse molecular arrangements in differently shaped unit cells. Determining the different commensurate polymorphs from first principles poses a major challenge due to the large nu

Faryad Darabi Sahneh, Alon Efrat, Stephen Kobourov, Spencer Krieger

Given a graph $G = (V,E)$ and a subset $T \subseteq V$ of terminals, a \emph{Steiner tree} of $G$ is a tree that spans $T$. In the vertex-weighted Steiner tree (VST) problem, each vertex is assigned a non-negative weight, and the goal is to compute a minimum weight Steiner tree of $G$. We study a natural generalization of the VST problem motivated by multi-l

William H. Kinney

I apply recently proposed &#34;Swampland&#34; conjectures to eternal inflation in single-scalar field theories. Eternal inflation is a phase of infinite self-reproduction of a quasi-de Sitter universe which has been argued to be a generic consequence of cosmological inflation. The originally proposed de Sitter swampland conjectures were shown by Matsui and T

Taiki Shibata

We study the structure of an algebraic supergroup $\mathbb{G}$ and establish the Borel-Weil theorem for $\mathbb{G}$ to give a systematic construction of all simple supermodules over an arbitrary field. Especially when $\mathbb{G}$ has a distinguished parabolic super-subgroup, we show that the set of all simple supermodules of $\mathbb{G}$ is parameterized b

Jeremy Guillon, Mario Chavez, Federico Battiston, Yohan Attal

In Alzheimer&#39;s disease (AD), the progressive atrophy leads to aberrant network reconfigurations both at structural and functional levels. In such network reorganization, the core and peripheral nodes appear to be crucial for the prediction of clinical outcome due to their ability to influence large-scale functional integration. However, the role of the d

Marco Celotto, Chiara De Luca, Paolo Muratore, Francesco Resta

Slow waves (SWs) are spatio-temporal patterns of cortical activity that occur both during natural sleep and anesthesia and are preserved across species. Even though electrophysiological recordings have been largely used to characterize brain states, they are limited in the spatial resolution and cannot target specific neuronal population. Recently, large-sca

Prabhat Kumar, Paola Fanzio, Luigi Sasso, Matthijs Langelaar

The concept and synthesis approach for planar Compliant Fluidic Control Structures (CFCSs), monolithic flexible continua with embedded functional pores, is presented in this manuscript. Such structures are envisioned to find application in biomedicine as tunable microuidic devices for drug/nutrient delivery. The functional pores enlarge and/or contract upond

Xinyi Li, Daisuke Shiraishi

In this work we consider loop-erased random walk (LERW) and its scaling limit in three dimensions, and prove that 3D LERW parametrized by renormalized length converges to its scaling limit parametrized by some suitable measure with respect to the uniform convergence topology in the lattice size scaling limit. Our result greatly improves the work (Acta Math.

Qihong Lu, Po-Hsuan Chen, Jonathan W. Pillow, Peter J. Ramadge

Different neural networks trained on the same dataset often learn similar input-output mappings with very different weights. Is there some correspondence between these neural network solutions? For linear networks, it has been shown that different instances of the same network architecture encode the same representational similarity matrix, and their neural

Hassan Akbari, Svebor Karaman, Surabhi Bhargava, Brian Chen

We address the problem of phrase grounding by lear ing a multi-level common semantic space shared by the textual and visual modalities. We exploit multiple levels of feature maps of a Deep Convolutional Neural Network, as well as contextualized word and sentence embeddings extracted from a character-based language model. Following dedicated non-linear mappin

David Rolnick, Arun Ahuja, Jonathan Schwarz, Timothy P. Lillicrap

Continual learning is the problem of learning new tasks or knowledge while protecting old knowledge and ideally generalizing from old experience to learn new tasks faster. Neural networks trained by stochastic gradient descent often degrade on old tasks when trained successively on new tasks with different data distributions. This phenomenon, referred to as

Micha Buck

We introduce a class of absorption mechanisms and study the behavior of real-valued centered random walks with finite variance that do not get absorbed. In particular, we prove persistence and scaling limit results, which, in many cases of interests, reduce the analysis of the considered situation to well understood classical persistence and scaling limit qu

James S. Spencer, Nick S. Blunt, Seonghoon Choi, Jiri Etrych

Building on the success of Quantum Monte Carlo techniques such as diffusion Monte Carlo, alternative stochastic approaches to solve electronic structure problems have emerged over the last decade. The full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo (FCIQMC) method allows one to systematically approach the exact solution of such problems, for cases where v

Kentaro Kojima, Tsukasa Sato, Kouichi Takemura

It is known that the q-Heun equation has polynomial-type solutions in some special cases, and the condition for the accessory parameter E is described by the roots of the spectral polynomial. We investigate the spectral polynomial by considering the ultradiscrete limit.

Kenneth L. Baker, Kimihiko Motegi, Toshie Takata

The Slope Conjecture proposed by Garoufalidis asserts that the degree of the colored Jones polynomial determines a boundary slope, and its refinement, the Strong Slope Conjecture proposed by Kalfagianni and Tran asserts that the linear term in the degree determines the topology of an essential surface that satisfies the Slope Conjecture. Under certain hypoth

Omid Zabeti

Suppose $X$ is a locally solid lattice ring. It is known that there are three classes of bounded group homomorphisms on $X$ whose topological structures make them again topological rings. In this note, we consider lattice structure on them; more precisely, we show that, under some mild assumptions, they are locally solid lattice rings.

Isaac Gibbs, Linan Chen

We consider the Voronoi diagram generated by $n$ i.i.d. $\mathbb{R}^{d}$-valued random variables with an arbitrary underlying probability density function $f$ on $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, and analyse the asymptotic behaviours of certain geometric properties, such as the measure, of the Voronoi cells as $n$ tends to infinity. We adapt the methods used by Devroye et a

Mark Whitmeyer

Two long-lived senders play a dynamic game of competitive persuasion. Each period, each provides information to a single short-lived receiver. When the senders also set prices, we unearth a folk theorem: if they are sufficiently patient, virtually any vector of feasible and individually rational payoffs can be sustained in a subgame perfect equilibrium. With

Michiel de Bondt

We give a short proof of a theorem of J.-E. Pin (theorem 1.1 below), which can be found in his thesis. The part of the proof which is my own (not Pin&#39;s) is a complete replacement of the same part in an earlier version of this paper.

Jan Steinebrunner

We define a tracelike transformation to be a natural family of conjugation invariant maps $T_{x,C}: hom_C(x,x) \to hom_C(1,1)$ for all dualisable objects $x$ in any symmetric monoidal infinity-category $C$. This generalises the trace from linear algebra that assigns a scalar $Tr(f) \in k$ to any endomorphism $f:V \to V$ of a finite-dimensional $k$-vector spa

Neslihan Gügümcü, Louis H. Kauffman, Sofia Lambropoulou

This paper is a survey on the theory of knotoids and braidoids. Knotoids are open ended knot diagrams in surfaces and braidoids are geometric objects analogous to classical braids, forming a counterpart theory to the theory of knotoids in the plane. We survey through the fundamental notions and existing works on these objects as well as their applications in

Jian Sun, Weizhi Qu, Eugeniy Mikhailov, Irina Novikova

Spatially splitting nonclassical light beams is in principle prohibited due to noise contamination during beam splitting. We propose a platform based on thermal motion of atoms to realize spatial multiplexing of squeezed light. Light channels of separate spatial modes in an anti-relaxation coated vapor cell share the same long-lived atomic coherence jointly

H. Nikolic

We formulate Bohmian mechanics (BM) such that the main objects of concern are macroscopic phenomena, while microscopic particle trajectories only play an auxiliary role. Such a formulation makes it easy to understand why BM always makes the same measurable predictions as standard quantum mechanics (QM), irrespectively of the details of microscopic trajectori

Wenyuan Fan, Henryk Anglart

The volume of fluid (VOF) method is a popular approach for multiphase flow modeling. The open-source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, OpenFOAM, implements a variety of VOF-based solvers and provides users a wide range of turbulence models. Since isothermal multiphase flows under the VOF framework belong to the variable-density incompressible flow

Harry Sevi, Gabriel Rilling, Pierre Borgnat

We introduce a novel harmonic analysis for functions defined on the vertices of a strongly connected directed graph of which the random walk operator is the cornerstone. As a first step, we consider the set of eigenvectors of the random walk operator as a non-orthogonal Fourier-type basis for functions over directed graphs. We found a frequency interpretatio

D Ellis Hershkowitz, R. Ravi, Sahil Singla

In this paper we study how to optimally balance cheap inflexible resources with more expensive, reconfigurable resources despite uncertainty in the input problem. Specifically, we introduce the MinEMax model to study &#34;build versus rent&#34; problems. In our model different scenarios appear independently. Before knowing which scenarios appear, we may buil

Zhenkun Li

In this paper, we explore the interplay between contact structures and sutured monopole Floer homology. First, we study the behavior of contact elements, which were defined by Baldwin and Sivek, under the operation of performing Floer excisions, which was introduced to the context of sutured monopole Floer homology by Kronheimer and Mrowka. We then compute t

Marc Meléndez, Nerea Alcázar Cano, Raúl Pérez Peláez, Juan José Sáenz

Previous research has shown that gold nanoparticles immersed in water in an optical vortex lattice formed by the perpendicular intersection of two standing light waves with a π/2 rad phase difference will experience enhanced dispersion that scales with the intensity of the incident laser. We show that flexible nanoscale dumbbells (created by attaching two su

Manuel Badel, Jan Wiersig

The perturbation theory by L. Ge et al. [Phys. Rev. A 87, 023833] for transverse-electric polarized modes in weakly deformed microdisks omits terms related to the variation of the normal derivative of the magnetic field along the boundary. Here we show that these terms are necessary to accurately describe microdisks with a strongly winding boundary. In parti

Felix Binkowski, Lin Zschiedrich, Sven Burger

We propose an algorithm for general nonlinear eigenvalue problems to compute physically relevant eigenvalues within a chosen contour. Eigenvalue information is explored by contour integration incorporating different weight functions. The gathered information is processed by solving a nonlinear system of equations of small dimension prioritizing eigenvalues w

Christoph Kühn, Alexander Molitor

In discrete time markets with proportional transaction costs, Schachermayer (2004) shows that robust no-arbitrage is equivalent to the existence of a strictly consistent price system. In this paper, we introduce the concept of prospective strict no-arbitrage that is a variant of the strict no-arbitrage property from Kabanov, Rásonyi, and Stricker (2002). The