November 2018 arXiv papers — page 21

Jaquim E. DE Freitas, Ronaldo F. de Lima, Daniel T. dos Santos

One of the most startling mathematical discoveries of the nineteen century was the existence of plane-filling curves. As is well known, the first example of such a curve was given by the Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano in 1890. Subsequently, other examples of plane-filling curves appeared, with some of them having $n$-dimensional analogues. However, the

Eddy El Khalil

In this paper I introduce a new and intuitive first-order foundational theory (where the concept of set is not primitive) and use it to show that the power set of an infinite set does not exist. In particular, proofs of uncountability of a set are essentially proofs of the non-existence of that specified set. In a certain sense, uncountability is shown to be

Wenjing Dong, Edmund W. Tedford, Mona Rahmani, Gregory A. Lawrence

The effects of different initial perturbations on the evolution of stratified shear flows that are subject to Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and vortex pairing have been investigated through Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). The effects of purely random perturbations of the background flow are sensitive to the phase of the subharmonic component of the perturb

R. Johnston, J. Bernauer, C. M. Cooke, R. Corliss

The design, construction, installation, and testing of a Faraday Cup intended to measure the current of a 3 MeV, 1 microampere electron beam is described. Built as a current monitor for a Møller scattering measurement at the MIT High Voltage Research Laboratory, the device combines a large angular acceptance with the capability to measure a continuous, low e

E. A. Golovastova

Consider the reliability problem in a system with two different devices, which can break down.

Pablo G. Ortega, Vicent Mateu, David R. Entem, Francisco Fernandez

The typical binding energy of heavy hadron spectroscopy makes the system accessible to perturbative calculations in terms of non-relativistic QCD. Within NRQCD the predictions of heavy quarkonium energy levels rely on the accurate description of the static QCD potential $V_{\rm QCD}(r)$. Historically, heavy quarkonium spectroscopy was studied using phenomeno

Tim Pearce, Mohamed Zaki, Andy Neely

Ensembles of neural networks (NNs) have long been used to estimate predictive uncertainty; a small number of NNs are trained from different initialisations and sometimes on differing versions of the dataset. The variance of the ensemble's predictions is interpreted as its epistemic uncertainty. The appeal of ensembling stems from being a collection of re

Peyman Yazdanian, Vahid Pourahmadi

The widespread mobile devices facilitated the emergence of many new applications and services. Among them are location-based services (LBS) that provide services based on user's location. Several techniques have been presented to enable LBS even in indoor environments where Global Positioning System (GPS) has low localization accuracy. These methods use

Jörg P. Bachmann, Johann-Christoph Freytag

A time series is a sequence of data items; typical examples are streams of temperature measurements, stock ticker data, or gestures recorded with modern virtual reality motion controllers. Quite some research has been devoted to comparing and indexing time series. Especially, when the comparison should not be affected by time warping, the ubiquitous Dynamic

Pegah Imannezhad, Ali Ahanj

Quantum cognition is an emerging field making uses of quantum theory to model cognitive phenomena which cannot be explained by classical theories. Usually, in cognitive tests, subjects are asked to give a response to a question, but in this paper, we just observed the subjects' behaviour and the question and answer method was not applied in order to prev

Andreas Holm Akselsen

This article examines the use of characteristic methods in stratified two-phase pipe flow simulations for obtaining non-dissipative flow predictions. A Roe scheme and several methods based on the principle of characteristics are presented for the two-fluid model. The main focus is finding numerically efficient ways of capturing wave dynamics and flow regime

Seth K. Asante, Bianca Dittrich, Hal M. Haggard

Gravity is uniquely situated in between classical topological field theories and standard local field theories. This can be seen in the the quasi-local nature of gravitational observables, but is nowhere more apparent than in gravity's holographic formulation. Holography holds promise for simplifying computations in quantum gravity. While holographic des

Denis S. Grebenkov, Ralf Metzler, Gleb Oshanin

The first-passage time (FPT), i.e., the moment when a stochastic process reaches a given threshold value for the first time, is a fundamental mathematical concept with immediate applications. In particular, it quantifies the statistics of instances when biomolecules in a biological cell reach their specific binding sites and trigger cellular regulation. Typi

Roberta Campesato, Carsten Baur, Mariacristina Casale, Massimo Gervasi

Space solar cell radiation hardness is of fundamental importance in view of the future missions towards harsh radiation environment (like the Jupiter missions) and for the new spacecraft using Electrical Propulsion. In this paper we report the radiation data for triple junction (TJ) solar cells and related component cells. Triple junction solar cells, InGaP

Petru Soviany, Radu Tudor Ionescu

Although deep neural networks offer better face detection results than shallow or handcrafted models, their complex architectures come with higher computational requirements and slower inference speeds than shallow neural networks. In this context, we study five straightforward approaches to achieve an optimal trade-off between accuracy and speed in face det

Yanyan Li, Bo Wang

In this paper, we prove a form of the strong comparison principle for a class of fully nonlinear subelliptic operators of the form $\nabla^{2}_{H}ψ+L(\cdot,ψ,\nabla_{H}ψ)$ on the Heisenberg group, which include the CR invariant operators.

Kohei Nakamura

In recent work of Nagasawa and the author, new interpolation inequalities between the deviation of curvature and the isoperimetric ratio were proved. In this paper, we apply such estimates to investigate the large-time behavior of the length-preserving flow of closed plane curves without a convexity assumption.

Ye Zhao, Luis Sentis

Robotic systems are increasingly relying on distributed feedback controllers to tackle complex and latency-prone sensing and decision problems. These demands come at the cost of a growing computational burden and, as a result, larger controller latencies. To maximize robustness to mechanical disturbances and achieve high control performance, we emphasize the

Giuseppe Dibitetto, Nicolò Petri

We consider warped $\mathrm{AdS}_2\times \mathcal M_4$ backgrounds within $F(4)$ gauged supergravity in six dimensions. In particular, we are able to find supersymmetric solutions of the aforementioned type characterized by $\textrm{AdS}_{6}$ asymptotics and an $\mathcal M_4$ given by a three-sphere warped over a segment. Subsequently, we provide the 10D upl

Anna Chiara Lai

We investigate the internal observability of the wave equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions in tilings. The paper includes a general result relating internal observability problems in general domains to their tiles, and a discussion of the case in which the domain is the 30-60-90 triangle.

Fabricio Ataides Braz, Nilton Correia da Silva, Teofilo Emidio de Campos, Felipe Borges S. Chaves

The Brazilian court system is currently the most clogged up judiciary system in the world. Thousands of lawsuit cases reach the supreme court every day. These cases need to be analyzed in order to be associated to relevant tags and allocated to the right team. Most of the cases reach the court as raster scanned documents with widely variable levels of qualit

Majid Soleimani nia, Peter Oshkai, Ned Djilali

Fundamental insight into the physics of buoyant gas dispersion from realistic flow geometries is necessary to accurately predict flow structures associated with hydrogen outflow from accidental leaks and the associated flammability envelope. Using helium as an experimental proxy, turbulent buoyant jets issuing from high-aspect-ratio slots on the side wall of

J. Socorro, Omar E. Núñez, Rafael Hernández-Jiménez

A flat Fiedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) multi-scalar field cosmology is studied with a particular potential of the form $ \rm V(ϕ,σ)=V_0 e^{-λ_1 ϕ-λ_2 σ}$, which emerges as a relation between the time derivatives of the scalars field momenta. Classically, by employing the Hamiltonian formalism of two scalar fields $\rm(ϕ,σ)$ with standard kinetic energy, exac

Sérgio Rebelo, Pedro Martins, João Bicker, Penousal Machado

Graphic Design encompasses a wide range of activities from the design of traditional print media (e.g., books and posters) to site-specific (e.g., signage systems) and electronic media (e.g., interfaces). Its practice always explores the new possibilities of information and communication technologies. Therefore, interactivity and participation have become ke

John Cantwell

We give a proof of the Neilsen-Thurston classification theorem of a homeomorphism f of a standard surface of finite type as either periodic, pseudo-Anosov, or reducible. In the periodic case, we show that there exists an integer n>0 such that f is isotopic to h with h^n isotopic to the identity. This is the weaker version of the Nielsen-Thurston theorem.

Fred Guth, Teofilo E. deCampos

In this paper we approach the problem of skin lesion segmentation using a convolutional neural network based on the U-Net architecture. We present a set of training strategies that had a significant impact on the performance of this model. We evaluated this method on the ISIC Challenge 2018 - Skin Lesion Analysis Towards Melanoma Detection, obtaining thresho

Samuel N. Richards, Samuel H. Moseley, Gordon Stacey, Matthew Greenhouse

The HIgh-Resolution Mid-infrarEd Spectrometer (HIRMES) is the 3rd Generation Instrument for the Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA), currently in development at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), and due for commissioning in 2019. By combining direct-detection Transition Edge Sensor (TES) bolometer arrays, grating-dispersive sp

Shamane Siriwardhana, Rivindu Weerasekera, Suranga Nanayakkara

Being able to navigate to a target with minimal supervision and prior knowledge is critical to creating human-like assistive agents. Prior work on map-based and map-less approaches have limited generalizability. In this paper, we present a novel approach, Hybrid Asynchronous Universal Successor Representations (HAUSR), which overcomes the problem of generali

Laxman Raju Thoutam, Jin Yue, Peng Xu, Bharat Jalan

Electronic transport near the insulator-metal transition is investigated in the molecular beam epitaxy-grown SrTiO3/Nd1-xTiO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures using temperature dependent magnetotransport measurements. It was found that Nd-vacancies introduce localized electronic states resulting in the variable range hopping transport at low temperatures. At a fixed

B. Matusch, C. Amole, M. Ardid, I. J. Arnquist

The identification of non-signal events is a major hurdle to overcome for bubble chamber dark matter experiments such as PICO-60. The current practice of manually developing a discriminator function to eliminate background events is difficult when available calibration data is frequently impure and present only in small quantities. In this study, several dif

Craig Macartney, Tillman Weyde

We study the use of the Wave-U-Net architecture for speech enhancement, a model introduced by Stoller et al for the separation of music vocals and accompaniment. This end-to-end learning method for audio source separation operates directly in the time domain, permitting the integrated modelling of phase information and being able to take large temporal conte

Xiang Xu, Yanxiang Zhao

In this paper, we propose a first order energy stable linear semi-implicit method for solving the Allen-Cahn-Ohta-Kawasaki equation. By introducing a new nonlinear term in the Ohta-Kawasaki free energy functional, all the system forces in the dynamics are localized near the interfaces which results in the desire hyperbolic tangent profile. In our numerical m

Jingbo Liu, Ayfer Ozgur

The primitive relay channel, introduced by Cover in 1987, is the simplest single-source single-destination network model that captures some of the most essential features and challenges of relaying in wireless networks. Recently, Wu and Ozgur developed upper bounds on the capacity of this channel that are tighter than the cutset bound. In this paper, we reco

Immanuel Manohar

An observed $K$-dimensional series $\left\{ y_{n}\right\} _{n=1}^{N}$ is expressed in terms of a lower $p$-dimensional latent series called factors $f_{n}$ and random noise $\varepsilon_{n}$. The equation, $y_{n}=Qf_{n}+\varepsilon_{n}$ is taken to relate the factors with the observation. The goal is to determine the dimension of the factors, $p$, the factor

Sucheta Mondal, Md Ahsanul Abeed, Koustuv Dutta, Anulekha De

Magneto-elastic (or "straintronic") switching has emerged as an extremely energy-efficient mechanism for switching the magnetization of magnetostrictive nanomagnets in magnetic memory, logic and non-Boolean circuits. Here, we investigate the ultrafast magneto-dynamics associated with straintronic switching in a single quasi-elliptical magnetostrictiv

Markus Rausch, Martin Treiber, Stefan Lämmer

We propose a microscopic decision model for route choice based on discrete choice theory. The correlation of overlapping routes is included in the random portions of the utility explicitly. For computational efficiency, we restrict the choice set to the turning possibilities at the next intersection, assuming shortest paths to the destination afterwards. The

Jens Kügel, Michael Karolak, Andreas Krönlein, David Serrate

The quantum mechanical screening of a spin via conduction electrons depends sensitively on the environment seen by the magnetic impurity. A high degree of responsiveness can be obtained with metal complexes, as the embedding of a metal ion into an organic molecule prevents intercalation or alloying and allows for a good control by an appropriate choice of th

Rebekah Overdorf, Bogdan Kulynych, Ero Balsa, Carmela Troncoso

In addition to their benefits, optimization systems can have negative economic, moral, social, and political effects on populations as well as their environments. Frameworks like fairness have been proposed to aid service providers in addressing subsequent bias and discrimination during data collection and algorithm design. However, recent reports of neglect

Zhiping Wang, Sahar Sharifzadeh, Zhenfei Liu, Peter Doak

We combine a GW approach and ab initio Molecular Dynamics (AIMD) simulations to study the impact of thermal effects on transport gap in solid pentacene (C22H14). The dynamic disorder induced by thermal fluctuations is simulated by AIMD, providing the ensemble-averaged density of states (DOS) near the band gap. The GW corrected DOS, averaged over hundreds of

Andrew V. Sills

A generalized Bailey pair, which contains several special cases considered by Bailey (\emph{Proc. London Math. Soc. (2)}, 50 (1949), 421--435), is derived and used to find a number of new Rogers-Ramanujan type identities. Consideration of associated $q$-difference equations points to a connection with a mild extension of Gordon's combinatorial generaliza

Gavin P. Salam

Particle physics is sometimes described as going through a crisis, notably because of the continued lack of discovery of physics beyond the Standard Model, despite the LHC having operated at close to maximal energy for some years now. Here, I argue that we should not underestimate the significance of recent progress and future prospects in the Higgs sector o

Shai Biton, Guy Gilboa

A fundamental concept in solving inverse problems is the use of regularizers, which yield more physical and less-oscillatory solutions. Total variation (TV) has been widely used as an edge-preserving regularizer. However, objects are often over-regularized by TV, becoming blob-like convex structures of low curvature. This phenomenon was explained mathematica

Sihem Mesnager, Kwang Ho Kim, Myong Song Jo

To determine the dimension of null space of any given linearized polynomial is one of vital problems in finite field theory, with concern to design of modern symmetric cryptosystems. But, the known general theory for this task is much far from giving the exact dimension when applied to a specific linearized polynomial. The first contribution of this paper is

Junyao Guo, Unmesh Kurup, Mohak Shah

With recent advances in learning algorithms and hardware development, autonomous cars have shown promise when operating in structured environments under good driving conditions. However, for complex, cluttered and unseen environments with high uncertainty, autonomous driving systems still frequently demonstrate erroneous or unexpected behaviors, that could l

Kai Li, Pei-Ying Chen, Erjia Yan

The rise of software as a research object is mirrored in the increasing interests towards quantitative studies of scientific software. However, due to the inconsistent practice of citing software, most of the existing studies analyzing the impact of scientific software are based on identification of software name mentions in full-text publications. Despite i

I. A. Smith, S. D. Ryder, R. Kotak, E. C. Kool

Only three extragalactic supernovae have been detected at late times at millimeter wavelengths: SN 1987A, SN 1978K, and SN 1996cr. SN 1978K is a remarkably luminous Type IIn supernova that remains bright at all wavelengths 40 years after its explosion. Here we present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations taken in 2016 using Bands

A. D. Alhaidari

We introduce a ten-parameter ordinary linear differential equation of the second order with four singular points. Three of these are finite and regular whereas the fourth is irregular at infinity. We use the tridiagonal representation approach to obtain a solution of the equation as bounded infinite series of square integrable functions that are written in t

Lei Xu, Kalyan Veeramachaneni

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) implicitly learn the probability distribution of a dataset and can draw samples from the distribution. This paper presents, Tabular GAN (TGAN), a generative adversarial network which can generate tabular data like medical or educational records. Using the power of deep neural networks, TGAN generates high-quality and fu

Francesco Fraternali, Bharathan Balaji, Rajesh Gupta

With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), an increasing number of energy harvesting methods are being used to supplement or supplant battery based sensors. Energy harvesting sensors need to be configured according to the application, hardware, and environmental conditions to maximize their usefulness. As of today, the configuration of sensors is eithe

Noah P. Hammond, Marc Parmentier, Amy C. Barr

Ammonia, if present in the ice shells of icy satellites, could lower the temperature for the onset of melting to 176 K and create a large temperature range where partial melt is thermally stable. The evolution of regions of ammonia-rich partial melt could strongly influence the geological and thermal evolution of icy bodies. For melt to be extracted from par

J. Gajda, A. Wylomanska, H. Kantz, A. V. Chechkin

In this paper we study the large deviations of time averaged mean square displacement (TAMSD) for Gaussian processes. The theory of large deviations is related to the exponential decay of probabilities of large fluctuations in random systems. From the mathematical point of view a given statistics satisfies the large deviation principle, if the probability th

G. Sikora, M. Hoell, A. Wylomanska, J. Gajda

The detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) is one of the most widely used tools for the detection of long-range correlations in time series. Although DFA has found many interesting applications and has been shown as one of the best performing detrending methods, its probabilistic foundations are still unclear. In this paper we study probabilistic properties of

S. Hodžić, E. Pasalic, W. G. Zhang

Whereas the design and properties of bent and plateaued functions have been frequently addressed during the past few decades, there are only a few design methods of so-called 5-valued spectra Boolean functions whose Walsh spectra takes the values in $\{0, \pm 2^{λ_1}, \pm 2^{λ_2}\}$. Moreover, these design methods mainly regards the specification of these fu

Chao-Hui Huang, Daniel Racoceanu

In this paper, we introduced a novel feature extraction approach, named exclusive autoencoder (XAE), which is a supervised version of autoencoder (AE), able to largely improve the performance of nucleus detection and classification on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) histopathological images. The proposed XAE can be used in any AE-based algorithm, as long as the

Gerrit J. J. van den Burg, Alfredo Nazabal, Charles Sutton

It is well known that data scientists spend the majority of their time on preparing data for analysis. One of the first steps in this preparation phase is to load the data from the raw storage format. Comma-separated value (CSV) files are a popular format for tabular data due to their simplicity and ostensible ease of use. However, formatting standards for C

Wencai Liu

For perturbed Stark operators $Hu=-u^{\prime\prime}-xu+qu$, the author has proved that $\limsup_{x\to \infty}{x}^{\frac{1}{2}}|q(x)|$ must be larger than $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}N^{\frac{1}{2}}$ in order to create $N$ linearly independent eigensolutions in $L^2(\mathbb{R}^+)$. In this paper, we apply generalized Wigner-von Neumann type functions to construct embe

Wei Tang, John Corring, Ying Wu, Gang Hua

Printed text recognition is an important problem for industrial OCR systems. Printed text is constructed in a standard procedural fashion in most settings. We develop a mathematical model for this process that can be applied to the backward inference problem of text recognition from an image. Through ablation experiments we show that this model is realistic

Masaaki Tomii, Norman H. Christ

We extend the position-space renormalization procedure, where renormalization factors are calculated from Green's functions in position space, by introducing a technique to take the average of Green's functions over spheres. In addition to reducing discretization errors, this technique enables the resulting position-space correlators to be evaluated

Liane Gabora

Research at the interface between cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and the science of complex, dynamical systems, is piecing together an understanding of the creative process, including how it works, how it can be fostered, and the developmental antecedents and personality traits of particularly creative people. This chapter examines the workings of creat

Mark Schutera, Niklas Goby, Stefan Smolarek, Markus Reischl

This work examines the implications of uncoupled intersections with local real-world topology and sensor setup on traffic light control approaches. Control approaches are evaluated with respect to: Traffic flow, fuel consumption and noise emission at intersections. The real-world road network of Friedrichshafen is depicted, preprocessed and the present traff

R. J. Jackson, R. D. Jeffries, Constantine P. Deliyannis, Qinghui Sun

Rotation periods from Kepler K2 are combined with projected rotation velocities from the WIYN 3.5-m telescope, to determine projected radii for fast-rotating, low-mass ($0.15 \leq M/M_{\odot} \leq 0.6$) members of the Praesepe cluster. A maximum likelihood analysis that accounts for observational uncertainties, binarity and censored data, yields marginal evi

I. Zborovský

Multiplicity distributions of charged particles measured by the ATLAS Collaboration in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ and 13 TeV are analyzed in the framework of a weighted superposition of three negative binomial distribution functions. The examination of the experimental data confirms the existence of a narrow peak at low multiplicities found ear

Pienpen Seema

Absolute and normalised differential cross-sections of single top quarks produced in the $t$-channel are presented. 20.2 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC are used. Differential cross-sections as a function of the transverse momentum and the absolute value of the rapidit

Blaine Rister, Darvin Yi, Kaushik Shivakumar, Tomomi Nobashi

Fully-convolutional neural networks have achieved superior performance in a variety of image segmentation tasks. However, their training requires laborious manual annotation of large datasets, as well as acceleration by parallel processors with high-bandwidth memory, such as GPUs. We show that simple models can achieve competitive accuracy for organ segmenta

Chenliang Huang, Kang Lu, Evgeny Mukhin

We study solutions of the Bethe ansatz equations of the non-homogeneous periodic XXX model associated to super Yangian $\mathrm Y(\mathfrak{gl}_{m|n})$. To a solution we associate a rational difference operator $\mathcal D$ and a superspace of rational functions $W$. We show that the set of complete factorizations of $\mathcal D$ is in canonical bijection wi

Martin E. Malandro, Ken W. Smith

We give an algorithm for enumerating the regular nontrivial partial difference sets (PDS) in the group $G_n = C_{2^n}\times C_{2^n}$. We use our algorithm to obtain all of these PDS in $G_n$ for $2\leq n\leq 9$, and we obtain partial results for $n=10$ and $n=11$. Most of these PDS are new. For $n\le 4$ we also identify group-inequivalent PDS. Our approach i

Egor Kraev

We seek to automate the design of molecules based on specific chemical properties. Our primary contributions are a simpler method for generating SMILES strings guaranteed to be chemically valid, using a combination of a new context-free grammar for SMILES and additional masking logic; and casting the molecular property optimization as a reinforcement learnin

Andrew V. Sills

In his paper, "On a Partition Function of Richard Stanley," George Andrews proves a certain partition identity analytically and asks for a combinatorial proof. This paper provides the requested combinatorial proof.

A. Uryson

Cosmic rays accelerated to ultra-high energies (E>4x10^19 eV) in electric fields in accretion discs around supermassive black holes are discussed. Particle injection spectra are assumed to be harder than those formed in acceleration on shock fronts. It turned out that cosmic rays with injection spectra supposed contribute a little in the particle flux detect

R. Canameras, C. Yang, N. P. H. Nesvadba, A. Beelen

We present an extensive CO emission-line survey of the Planck's dusty GEMS, a small set of 11 strongly lensed dusty star-forming galaxies at z = 2-4 discovered with Planck and Herschel satellites, using EMIR on the IRAM 30-m telescope. We detected a total of 45 CO rotational lines from Jup=3 to Jup=11, and up to eight transitions per source, allowing a d

Ryan Chard, Zhuozhao Li, Kyle Chard, Logan Ward

While the Machine Learning (ML) landscape is evolving rapidly, there has been a relative lag in the development of the "learning systems" needed to enable broad adoption. Furthermore, few such systems are designed to support the specialized requirements of scientific ML. Here we present the Data and Learning Hub for science (DLHub), a multi-tenant sy

Charalampos Anastasiou, Vittorio Del Duca, Elisabetta Furlan, Bernhard Mistlberger

We compute the mixed QCD-electroweak corrections to the cross section for the production of a Higgs boson via gluon fusion, in the limit of a small mass of the electroweak gauge bosons. This limit is regular and we calculate it by setting the W, Z masses to zero in the Feynman rules for their propagators. Our analytic results provide an independent check, in

Buu Phan, Rick Salay, Krzysztof Czarnecki, Vahdat Abdelzad

In many safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving and surgical robots, it is desirable to obtain prediction uncertainties from object detection modules to help support safe decision-making. Specifically, such modules need to estimate the probability of each predicted object in a given region and the confidence interval for its bounding box. Whi

Alessio Marrani, Piero Truini, Michael Rios

Starting from the Jordan algebraic interpretation of the "Magic Star" embedding within the exceptional sequence of simple Lie algebras, we exploit the so-called spin factor embedding of rank-3 Jordan algebras and its consequences on the Jordan algebraic Lie symmetries, in order to provide another perspective on the origin of the "Exceptional Peri

Xiao Zhang, Wilbur A. Lam, Michael D. Graham

This work investigates the motion of neutrally-buoyant, slightly deformable straight and curved prolate capsules in unbounded simple shear flow at zero Reynolds number using direct simulations. The curved capsules serve as a model for the typical crescent-shaped sickle red blood cells in sickle cell disease (SCD). The effects of deformability and curvature o

Thang D. Bui, Cuong V. Nguyen, Siddharth Swaroop, Richard E. Turner

Variational inference (VI) has become the method of choice for fitting many modern probabilistic models. However, practitioners are faced with a fragmented literature that offers a bewildering array of algorithmic options. First, the variational family. Second, the granularity of the updates e.g. whether the updates are local to each data point and employ me

Piero Truini, Alessio Marrani, Michael Rios

We present a periodic infinite chain of finite generalisations of the exceptional structures, including the exceptional Lie algebra $\mathbf{e_8}$, the exceptional Jordan algebra (and pair) and the octonions. We will also argue on the nature of space-time and indicate how these algebraic structures may inspire a new way of going beyond the current knowledge

Nicola Locatelli, Franco Vazza, Paola Domínguez-Fernández

The detection of filaments in the cosmic web will be crucial to distinguish between the possible magnetogenesis scenarios and future large polarization surveys will be able to shed light on their magnetization level. In this work, we use numerical simulations of galaxy clusters to investigate their possible detection. We compute the Faraday Rotation signal i

Richard Garcia-Lebron, David J. Myers, Shouhuai Xu, Jie Sun

We develop a decentralized coloring approach to diversify the nodes in a complex network. The key is the introduction of a local conflict index that measures the color conflicts arising at each node which can be efficiently computed using only local information. We demonstrate via both synthetic and real-world networks that the proposed approach significantl

GRAVITY Collaboration, E. Sturm, J. Dexter, O. Pfuhl

The broadening of atomic emission lines by high-velocity motion of gas near accreting supermassive black holes is an observational hallmark of quasars. Observations of broad emission lines could potentially constrain the mechanism for transporting gas inwards through accretion disks or outwards through winds. The size of this broad-line region has been estim

Alexander New, Sabbir M. Rashid, John S. Erickson, Deborah L. McGuinness

One primary task of population health analysis is the identification of risk factors that, for some subpopulation, have a significant association with some health condition. Examples include finding lifestyle factors associated with chronic diseases and finding genetic mutations associated with diseases in precision health. We develop a combined semantic and

Yuval Grossman, Stefan Schacht

Triggered by a recent LHCb measurement and prospects for Belle II, we derive U-spin symmetry relations between integrated CP asymmetries of three-body $Λ_c^+$ and $Ξ_c^+$ decays. The sum rules read $A_{CP}(Λ_c^+\rightarrow p K^- K^+) + A_{CP}(Ξ_c^+\rightarrow Σ^+ π^- π^+) = 0$, $A_{CP}(Λ_c^+\rightarrow p π^- π^+) + A_{CP}(Ξ_c^+\rightarrow Σ^+ K^- K^+) = 0$,

Armen Avetisyan, Manuel Dahnert, Angela Dai, Manolis Savva

We present Scan2CAD, a novel data-driven method that learns to align clean 3D CAD models from a shape database to the noisy and incomplete geometry of a commodity RGB-D scan. For a 3D reconstruction of an indoor scene, our method takes as input a set of CAD models, and predicts a 9DoF pose that aligns each model to the underlying scan geometry. To tackle thi

R. Canameras, N. P. H. Nesvadba, M. Limousin, H. Dole

We report the discovery of a molecular wind signature from a massive intensely star-forming clump of a few $10^9$ Msun, in the strongly gravitationally lensed submillimeter galaxy "the Emerald" (PLCK_G165.7+49.0) at z=2.236. The Emerald is amongst the brightest high-redshift galaxies on the submillimeter sky, and was initially discovered with the Pla

Maria Schuld, Ville Bergholm, Christian Gogolin, Josh Izaac

An important application for near-term quantum computing lies in optimization tasks, with applications ranging from quantum chemistry and drug discovery to machine learning. In many settings --- most prominently in so-called parametrized or variational algorithms --- the objective function is a result of hybrid quantum-classical processing. To optimize the o

Paul J. Easter, Paul D. Lasky, Andrew R. Casey, Luciano Rezzolla

Gravitational waves have been detected from the inspiral of a binary neutron-star, GW170817, which allowed constraints to be placed on the neutron star equation of state. The equation of state can be further constrained if gravitational waves from a post-merger remnant are detected. Post-merger waveforms are currently generated by numerical-relativity simula

Itai Linial, Re'em Sari

GW170817 was the first detection of a binary neutron star merger via gravitational waves. The event was observed over a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum, revealing a thermal kilonova dominating the optical signal during the first $\sim$15 days, and a non-thermal synchrotron emission that has continued to rise $\sim$200 days post-merger, dominating

F. Massaro, N. Álvarez-Crespo, A. Capetti, R. D. Baldi

The role played by the large-scale environment on the nuclear activity of radio galaxies (RGs), is still not completely understood. Accretion mode, jet power and galaxy evolution are connected with their large-scale environment from tens to hundreds of kpc. Here we present a detailed, statistical, analysis of the large-scale environment for two samples of RG

Nitsan Bar, Kfir Blum, Guido D'Amico

We study the ratio of neutrino-proton elastic scattering to inverse beta decay event counts, measurable in a scintillation detector like JUNO, as a key observable for identifying the explosion mechanism of a galactic core-collapse supernova. If the supernova is not powered by the core but rather, e.g., by collapse-induced thermonuclear explosion, then a prol

Cheng-Qiu Hu, Zeng-Quan Yan, Jun Gao, Zhi-Qiang Jiao

Quantum communication has been rapidly developed due to its unconditional security and successfully implemented through optical fibers and free-space air in experiment. To build a complete quantum communication network involving satellites in space and submersibles in ocean, underwater quantum channel has been investigated in both theory and experiment. Howe

A. Sollima, F. R. Ferraro

We investigate the evolution of the radial distribution of Blue Straggler Stars through a set of Monte Carlo simulations of star clusters under a variety of initial conditions. We used a novel technique based on the "artificial oversampling" of the distribution function of the Blue Stragglers and control population to tear down the effect of statisti

Zheng Zhang, Dazhi Cheng, Xizhou Zhu, Stephen Lin

Accurate detection and tracking of objects is vital for effective video understanding. In previous work, the two tasks have been combined in a way that tracking is based heavily on detection, but the detection benefits marginally from the tracking. To increase synergy, we propose to more tightly integrate the tasks by conditioning the object detection in the

Bahadur Singh, Barun Ghosh, Chenliang Su, Hsin Lin

Materials with tunable charge and lattice degrees of freedom provide excellent platforms for investigating multiple phases that can be controlled via external stimuli. We show how the charge-ordered ferroelectric oxide Ag$_2$BiO$_3$, which has been realized experimentally, presents a unique exemplar of a metal-insulator transition under an external electric

Amr Sharaf, Arpit Gupta, Hancheng Ge, Chetan Naik

In the slot-filling paradigm, where a user can refer back to slots in the context during the conversation, the goal of the contextual understanding system is to resolve the referring expressions to the appropriate slots in the context. In this paper, we build on the context carryover system~\citep{Naik2018ContextualSC}, which provides a scalable multi-domain

Yi-Peng Wei, Batuhan Arasli, Karim Banawan, Sennur Ulukus

We consider the private information retrieval (PIR) problem from decentralized uncoded caching databases. There are two phases in our problem setting, a caching phase, and a retrieval phase. In the caching phase, a data center containing all the $K$ files, where each file is of size $L$ bits, and several databases with storage size constraint $μK L$ bits exi

Alice K. Harding, Constantinos Kalapotharakos, Monica Barnard, Christo Venter

Pulsed emission from the Vela pulsar at energies above 3 TeV has recently been detected by the H.E.S.S. II air-Cherenkov telescope. We present a model for the broad-band spectrum of Vela from infra-red (IR) to beyond 10 TeV. Recent simulations of the global pulsar magnetosphere have shown that most of the particle acceleration occurs in the equatorial curren

Bekir Baytas, Martin Bojowald, Sean Crowe

The paradigmatic models often used to highlight cosmological features of loop quantum gravity and group field theory are shown to be equivalent, in the sense that they are different realizations of the same model given by harmonic cosmology. The loop version of harmonic cosmology is a canonical realization, while the group-field version is a bosonic realizat

Jiahao Chen, Nathan Kallus, Xiaojie Mao, Geoffry Svacha

Assessing the fairness of a decision making system with respect to a protected class, such as gender or race, is challenging when class membership labels are unavailable. Probabilistic models for predicting the protected class based on observable proxies, such as surname and geolocation for race, are sometimes used to impute these missing labels for complian

G. A. Wade, J. V. Smoker, C. J. Evans, I. D. Howarth

We report new spectroscopic observations of the magnetic Of?p star HD 148937 obtained since 2015 that differ qualitatively from its extensive historical record of weak, periodic spectral variations. This remarkable behaviour represents clear evidence for an unprecedented change in the character of variability of the star. In this paper we describe the new sp

Kevin K. Chen, Anthony C. Gamst, Alden K. Walker

The weights of a neural network are typically initialized at random, and one can think of the functions produced by such a network as having been generated by a prior over some function space. Studying random networks, then, is useful for a Bayesian understanding of the network evolution in early stages of training. In particular, one can investigate why neu