June 2019 arXiv papers — page 36

Jiawei Chen, Janusz Konrad, Prakash Ishwar

Recent studies show that deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples which can be generated via certain types of transformations. Being robust to a desired family of adversarial attacks is then equivalent to being invariant to a family of transformations. Learning invariant representations then naturally emerges as an important goal to achiev

Asma Ghandeharioun, Judy Hanwen Shen, Natasha Jaques, Craig Ferguson

Building an open-domain conversational agent is a challenging problem. Current evaluation methods, mostly post-hoc judgments of static conversation, do not capture conversation quality in a realistic interactive context. In this paper, we investigate interactive human evaluation and provide evidence for its necessity; we then introduce a novel, model-agnosti

Yang Cai, Mingfei Zhao

We study a classical Bayesian mechanism design problem where a seller is selling multiple items to multiple buyers. We consider the case where the seller has costs to produce the items, and these costs are private information to the seller. How can the seller design a mechanism to maximize her profit? Two well-studied problems, revenue maximization in multi-

David Benkeser, Keith Horvath, Cathy Reback, Joshua Rusow

TechStep is a randomized trial of a mobile health interventions targeted towards transgender adolescents. The interventions include a short message system, a mobile-optimized web application, and electronic counseling. The primary outcomes are self-reported sexual risk behaviors and uptake of HIV preventing medication. In order that we may evaluate the effic

Joseph Antonelli, Matthew Cefalu

There has been increasing interest in recent years in the development of approaches to estimate causal effects when the number of potential confounders is prohibitively large. This growth in interest has led to a number of potential estimators one could use in this setting. Each of these estimators has different operating characteristics, and it is unlikely

Sobhan Soleymani, Ali Dabouei, Jeremy Dawson, Nasser M. Nasrabadi

Adversarial examples have recently proven to be able to fool deep learning methods by adding carefully crafted small perturbation to the input space image. In this paper, we study the possibility of generating adversarial examples for code-based iris recognition systems. Since generating adversarial examples requires back-propagation of the adversarial loss,

Minh Tran, Taylan Sen, Kurtis Haut, Mohammad Rafayet Ali

Despite a revolution in the pervasiveness of video cameras in our daily lives, one of the most meaningful forms of nonverbal affective communication, interpersonal eye gaze, i.e. eye gaze relative to a conversation partner, is not available from common video. We introduce the Interpersonal-Calibrating Eye-gaze Encoder (ICE), which automatically extracts inte

Oumer Teyeb, Ajmal Muhammad, Gunnar Mildh, Erik Dahlman

5G is finally here. Initial deployments are already operational in several major cities and first 5G-capable devices are being released. Though it is not limited only to millimeter wave deployments, the main promise of 5G lies in the utilization of the high bandwidth available at high frequencies. However, high-frequency deployments are coverage-limited and

Mruganka Kashyap, Laurent Lessard

We consider a dynamically decoupled network of agents each with a local output-feedback controller. We assume each agent is a node in a directed acyclic graph and the controllers share information along the edges in order to cooperatively optimize a global objective. We develop explicit state-space formulations for the jointly optimal networked controllers t

L. Pattavina, S. Nagorny, S. Nisi, L. Pagnanini

We operated a PbMoO$_4$ scintillating cryogenic detector of 570 g, produced with archaeological lead. This compound features excellent low temperature characteristics in terms of light yield, 12 keV/MeV for $\beta/\gamma$ interactions, and FWHM energy resolution, 11.7 keV at 2.6 MeV. Furthermore, the detector allows for an effective particle identification b

Ke Hu, Antoine Bruguier, Tara N. Sainath, Rohit Prabhavalkar

Contextual automatic speech recognition, i.e., biasing recognition towards a given context (e.g. user's playlists, or contacts), is challenging in end-to-end (E2E) models. Such models maintain a limited number of candidates during beam-search decoding, and have been found to recognize rare named entities poorly. The problem is exacerbated when biasing to

Adrián Vázquez-Ávila

A pair of orthogonal one-factorizations $\mathcal{F}$ and $\mathcal{G}$ of the complete graph $K_n$ is totally $C_4$-free, if the union $F\cup G$, for any $F,G\in\mathcal{F}\cup\mathcal{G}$, does not include a cycle of length four. In this note, we prove if $q\equiv3$ (mod 4) is a prime power with $q\geq11$, then there is a pair of orthogonal totally $C_4$-f

Elliot Cartee, Alexander Vladimirsky

We present two models of perpetrators' decision-making in extracting resources from a protected area. It is assumed that the authorities conduct surveillance to counter the extraction activities, and that perpetrators choose their post-extraction paths to balance the time/hardship of travel against the expected losses from a possible detection. In our first

M. Koksal

The determination of the electromagnetic dipole moments of the top quark is one of the most important goals of the top quark physics program in the collider experiments. For this reason, the top quark pair production to investigate the sensitivity on the electric and magnetic dipole moments of the top quark via the process $pp\rightarrow p \gamma p \rightarr

Nanchi Su, Fan Liu, Christos Masouros

Dual-functional radar communication (DFRC) system has recently attracted significant academic attentions as an enabling solution for realizing radar-communication spectrum sharing. During the DFRC transmission, however, the critical information could be leaked to the targets, which might be potential eavesdroppers. Therefore, the physical layer security has

Wangwei Lan, Glen Evenbly

We propose a modified form of a tensor renormalization group algorithm for evaluating partition functions of classical statistical mechanical models on 2D lattices. This algorithm coarse-grains only the rows and columns of the lattice adjacent to a single core tensor at each step, such that the lattice size shrinks linearly with the number of coarse-graining

Jeremiah Birrell, Markos A. Katsoulakis, Luc Rey-Bellet

Quantifying the impact of parametric and model-form uncertainty on the predictions of stochastic models is a key challenge in many applications. Previous work has shown that the relative entropy rate is an effective tool for deriving path-space uncertainty quantification (UQ) bounds on ergodic averages. In this work we identify appropriate information-theore

Yang Yang, Imre Bartos, V. Gayathri, Saavik Ford

The origins of the stellar-mass black hole mergers discovered by LIGO/Virgo are still unknown. Here we show that, if migration traps develop in the \add{accretion} disks of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) and promote the mergers of their captive black holes, the majority of black holes within disks will undergo hierarchical mergers---with one of the black hole

Karthik Rajeev, T. Padmanabhan

In flat spacetime, two inequivalent vacuum states which arise rather naturally are the Rindler vacuum (R) and the Minkowski vacuum (M). We disuss several aspects of the Rindler vacuum, concentrating on the propagator and Schwinger (heat) kernel defined using R, both in the Lorentzian and Euclidean sectors. We start by exploring an intriguing result due to Ca

Qi Li, Desika Narayanan, Romeel Davé

We present predictions for the evolution of the galaxy dust-to-gas (DGR) and dust-to-metal (DTM) ratios from z=0 to 6, using a model for the production, growth, and destruction of dust grains implemented into the \simba\ cosmological hydrodynamic galaxy formation simulation. In our model, dust forms in stellar ejecta, grows by the accretion of metals, and is

Iftah Galon, Enrique Kajamovitz, David Shih, Yotam Soreq

The LHC copiously produces muons via different processes, and the muon sample will be large at the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). In this work we propose to leverage this large muon sample and utilize the HL-LHC as a muon fixed-target experiment, with the ATLAS calorimeter as the target. We consider a novel analysis for the ATLAS detector, which takes advanta

Nikolay Bobev, Fridrik Freyr Gautason, Benjamin E. Niehoff, Jesse van Muiden

We study in detail the recently-found family of asymptotically AdS$_5\times S^5$ type IIB supergravity solutions dual to the $\mathcal{N}=1^*$ SYM theory with equal masses. The backgrounds exhibit a naked singularity and are labelled by a dimensionless parameter, $\lambda$, which is interpreted as the ratio of the gaugino condensate and the mass in the dual

Raffaele Tito D'Agnolo, Duccio Pappadopulo, Joshua T. Ruderman, Po-Jen Wang

If dark matter was produced in the early Universe by the decoupling of its annihilations into known particles, there is a sharp experimental target for the size of its coupling. We show that if dark matter was produced by inelastic scattering against a lighter particle from the thermal bath, then its coupling can be exponentially smaller than the coupling re

Jonas Richter, Fengping Jin, Lars Knipschild, Hans De Raedt

Given a quantum many-body system and the expectation-value dynamics of some operator, we study how this reference dynamics is altered due to a perturbation of the system's Hamiltonian. Based on projection operator techniques, we unveil that if the perturbation exhibits a random-matrix structure in the eigenbasis of the unperturbed Hamiltonian, then this pert

Amit Jamadagni, Silke Ospelkaus, Luis Santos, Hendrik Weimer

We present and analyze a toolbox for the controlled manipulation of ultracold polar molecules, consisting of detection of molecules, atom-molecule entanglement, and engineering of dissipative dynamics. Our setup is based on fast chemical reactions between molecules and atoms leading to a quantum Zeno-based collisional blockade in the system. We demonstrate t

S. Joudaki, H. Hildebrandt, D. Traykova, N. E. Chisari

We present a combined tomographic weak gravitational lensing analysis of the Kilo Degree Survey (KV450) and the Dark Energy Survey (DES-Y1). We homogenize the analysis of these two public cosmic shear datasets by adopting consistent priors and modeling of nonlinear scales, and determine new redshift distributions for DES-Y1 based on deep public spectroscopic

Rixin Li, Andrew Youdin, Jacob Simon

The streaming instability (SI) is a mechanism to aerodynamically concentrate solids in protoplanetary disks and facilitate the formation of planetesimals. Recent numerical modeling efforts have demonstrated the increasing complexity of the initial mass distribution of planetesimals. To better constrain this distribution, we conduct SI simulations including t

Ben Maybee, Donal O'Connell, Justin Vines

We develop a general formalism for computing classical observables for relativistic scattering of spinning particles, directly from on-shell amplitudes. We then apply this formalism to minimally coupled Einstein-gravity amplitudes for the scattering of massive spin 1/2 and spin 1 particles with a massive scalar, constructed using the double copy. In doing so

Chethan Krishnan

Demanding $O(d,d)$-duality covariance, Hohm and Zwiebach have written down the action for the most general cosmology involving the metric, $b$-field and dilaton, to all orders in $α'$ in the string frame. Remarkably, for an FRW metric-dilaton ansatz the equations of motion turn out to be quite simple, except for the presence of an unknown function of a s

Vladimir Vovk

The hypothesis of randomness is fundamental in statistical machine learning and in many areas of nonparametric statistics; it says that the observations are assumed to be independent and coming from the same unknown probability distribution. This hypothesis is close, in certain respects, to the hypothesis of exchangeability, which postulates that the distrib

Mohamed Baza, Noureddine Lasla, Mohamed Mahmoud, Gautam Srivastava

Ride-sharing is a service that enables drivers to share their trips with other riders, contributing to appealing benefits of shared travel costs. However, the majority of existing platforms rely on a central third party, which make them subject to a single point of failure and privacy disclosure issues. Moreover, they are vulnerable to DDoS and Sybil attacks

ATLAS Collaboration

This paper presents a measurement of quantities related to the formation of jets from high-energy quarks and gluons (fragmentation). Jets with transverse momentum 100 GeV $<p_T<$ 2.5 TeV and pseudorapidity $|\eta| < 2.1$ from an integrated luminosity of 33 fb$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV proton-proton collisions are reconstructed with the ATLAS detector at th

M. Cerezo, Alexander Poremba, Lukasz Cincio, Patrick J. Coles

Computing quantum state fidelity will be important to verify and characterize states prepared on a quantum computer. In this work, we propose novel lower and upper bounds for the fidelity $F(\rho,\sigma)$ based on the "truncated fidelity" $F(\rho_m, \sigma)$, which is evaluated for a state $\rho_m$ obtained by projecting $\rho$ onto its $m$-largest eigenvalu

Alberto Maione

Let $\Omega$ be an open and bounded subset of a Carnot Group $\mathbb{G}$ and $2\leq p<\infty$. In this paper we present some results related to the convergence of solutions of Dirichlet problems for sequences of monotone operators. The aim of this paper is to give a generalization of well-known results of Tartar, De Arcangelis-Serra Cassano and Baldi-Franch

Aritra Bandyopadhyay, Ricardo L. S. Farias, Bruno S. Lopes, Rudnei O. Ramos

It is analyzed the effects of a hot and magnetized medium on the axion mass, self-coupling and topological susceptibility when in presence of an anisotropic external magnetic field along the $z$-direction, within the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio effective model for quantum chromodynamics. The effects of both Magnetic Catalysis and Inverse Magnetic Catalysis are expli

Malte Niemann, Teresa Meiners, Johannes Mielke, Matthias Joachim Borchert

Cooling and detection schemes using laser cooling and methods of quantum logic can contribute to high precision CPT symmetry tests in the baryonic sector. This work introduces an experiment to sympathetically cool protons and antiprotons using the Coulomb interaction with a $^9$Be$^+$ ion trapped in a nearby but separate potential well. We have designed and

Selim Ickin, Konstantinos Vandikas, Markus Fiedler

Machine Learning based Quality of Experience (QoE) models potentially suffer from over-fitting due to limitations including low data volume, and limited participant profiles. This prevents models from becoming generic. Consequently, these trained models may under-perform when tested outside the experimented population. One reason for the limited datasets, wh

Chiara Caprini, Daniel G. Figueroa, Raphael Flauger, Germano Nardini

We present a set of tools to assess the capabilities of LISA to detect and reconstruct the spectral shape and amplitude of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). We first provide the LISA power-law sensitivity curve and binned power-law sensitivity curves, based on the latest updates on the LISA design. These curves are useful to make a qualitati

Stéphan Clémençon, Robin Vogel

In many situations, the choice of an adequate similarity measure or metric on the feature space dramatically determines the performance of machine learning methods. Building automatically such measures is the specific purpose of metric/similarity learning. In Vogel et al. (2018), similarity learning is formulated as a pairwise bipartite ranking problem: idea

Georgios Styliaris, Namit Anand, Lorenzo Campos Venuti, Paolo Zanardi

A dynamical signature of localization in quantum systems is the absence of transport which is governed by the amount of coherence that configuration space states possess with respect to the Hamiltonian eigenbasis. To make this observation precise, we study the localization transition via quantum coherence measures arising from the resource theory of coherenc

Mohammadreza Kasaei, Nuno Lau, Artur Pereira

Generating robust locomotion for a humanoid robot in the presence of disturbances is difficult because of its high number of degrees of freedom and its unstable nature. In this paper, we used the concept of Divergent Component of Motion~(DCM) and propose an optimal closed-loop controller based on Linear-Quadratic-Gaussian to generate a robust and stable walk

Ranjan Modak, Lorenzo Piroli, Pasquale Calabrese

The past few years have witnessed the development of a comprehensive theory to describe integrable systems out of equilibrium, in which the Bethe ansatz formalism has been tailored to address specific problems arising in this context. While most of the work initially focused on the study of prototypical models such as the well-known Heisenberg chain, many th

Karol Gregor, Danilo Jimenez Rezende, Frederic Besse, Yan Wu

When agents interact with a complex environment, they must form and maintain beliefs about the relevant aspects of that environment. We propose a way to efficiently train expressive generative models in complex environments. We show that a predictive algorithm with an expressive generative model can form stable belief-states in visually rich and dynamic 3D e

Joseph W. Baron, Tobias Galla

Using a stochastic individual-based modelling approach, we examine the role that Delta-Notch signalling plays in the regulation of a robust and reliable somite segmentation clock. We find that not only can Delta-Notch signalling synchronise noisy cycles of gene expression in adjacent cells in the presomitic mesoderm (as is known), but it can also amplify and

Ashley Setter, Jamie Vovrosh, Hendrik Ulbricht

We demonstrate a technique to estimate the strength of non-linearities present in the trapping potential of an optically levitated nanoparticle. By applying a brief pulsed reduction in trapping laser power of the system such as to squeeze the phase space distribution and then matching the time evolution of the shape of the phase space distribution to that of

Nathaniel Rupprecht, Dervis Can Vural

When two macromolecules come very near in a fluid, the surrounding molecules, having finite volume, are less likely to get in between. This leads to a pressure difference manifesting as an entropic attraction, called depletion force. Here we calculate the density profile of liquid molecules surrounding a disordered rigid macromolecules modelled as a random a

Dmitry Golovaty, Michael Novack, Peter Sternberg

Within the framework of the generalized Landau-de Gennes theory, we identify a $Q$-tensor-based energy that reduces to the four-constant Oseen-Frank energy when it is considered over orientable uniaxial nematic states. Although the commonly considered version of the Landau-de Gennes theory has an elastic contribution that is at most cubic in components of th

Xu Yi

We propose a new computational framework for the expected number of real roots of a stochastic function on a given interval. The classical Kac-Rice formula requires the joint density of the function and its derivative, which is often intractable. Our approach avoids this requirement entirely by introducing a cumulative expectation function. Through analysis

Ryan Rogers, Aaron Roth, Adam Smith, Nathan Srebro

We design a general framework for answering adaptive statistical queries that focuses on providing explicit confidence intervals along with point estimates. Prior work in this area has either focused on providing tight confidence intervals for specific analyses, or providing general worst-case bounds for point estimates. Unfortunately, as we observe, these w

Edoardo Lisi, Mohammad Malekzadeh, Hamed Haddadi, F. Din-Houn Lau

Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks~(CGAN) are a recent and popular method for generating samples from a probability distribution conditioned on latent information. The latent information often comes in the form of a discrete label from a small set. We propose a novel method for training CGANs which allows us to condition on a sequence of continuous

Davide Facoetti, Giulio Biroli, Jorge Kurchan, David R. Reichman

From the dynamics of a broad class of classical mean-field glass models one may obtain a quantum model with finite zero-temperature entropy, a quantum transition at zero temperature, and a time-reparametrization (quasi-)invariance in the dynamical equations for correlations. The low eigenvalue spectrum of the resulting quantum model is directly related to th

Nicole Yunger Halpern, Michael E. Beverland, Amir Kalev

In statistical mechanics, a small system exchanges conserved quantities---heat, particles, electric charge, etc.---with a bath. The small system thermalizes to the canonical ensemble, or the grand canonical ensemble, etc., depending on the conserved quantities. The conserved quantities are represented by operators usually assumed to commute with each other.

Marcelo Arenas, Luis Alberto Croquevielle, Rajesh Jayaram, Cristian Riveros

In this work, we study two simple yet general complexity classes, based on logspace Turing machines, which provide a unifying framework for efficient query evaluation in areas like information extraction and graph databases, among others. We investigate the complexity of three fundamental algorithmic problems for these classes: enumeration, counting and unif

Alberto Fernández, Sergio Gómez

Agglomerative hierarchical clustering can be implemented with several strategies that differ in the way elements of a collection are grouped together to build a hierarchy of clusters. Here we introduce versatile linkage, a new infinite system of agglomerative hierarchical clustering strategies based on generalized means, which go from single linkage to compl

Emily Black, Samuel Yeom, Matt Fredrikson

We present FlipTest, a black-box technique for uncovering discrimination in classifiers. FlipTest is motivated by the intuitive question: had an individual been of a different protected status, would the model have treated them differently? Rather than relying on causal information to answer this question, FlipTest leverages optimal transport to match indivi

Umberto Simola, Jessica Cisewski-Kehe, Michael U. Gutmann, Jukka Corander

Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) methods are increasingly used for inference in situations in which the likelihood function is either computationally costly or intractable to evaluate. Extensions of the basic ABC rejection algorithm have improved the computational efficiency of the procedure and broadened its applicability. The ABC-Population Monte Car

Victoria Clark, John Christopher Meyer

In this paper, we establish the existence of a 1-parameter family of spatially inhomogeneous radially symmetric classical self-similar solutions to a Cauchy problem for a semi-linear parabolic PDE with non-Lipschitz nonlinearity and trivial initial data. Specifically we establish well-posedness for an associated initial value problem for a singular two-dimen

Nicolás Arancibia

Relying on work of Kashiwara-Schapira and Schmid-Vilonen, we describe the behaviour of characteristic cycles with respect to the operation of geometric induction, the geometric counterpart of taking parabolic or cohomological induction in representation theory. By doing this, we are able to describe to some extent the characteristic cycle associated to an in

Radovan Červený, Ondřej Suchý

The problem of $d$-Path Vertex Cover, $d$-PVC lies in determining a subset $F$ of vertices of a given graph $G=(V,E)$ such that $G \setminus F$ does not contain a path on $d$ vertices. The paths we aim to cover need not to be induced. It is known that the $d$-PVC problem is NP-complete for any $d \ge 2$. When parameterized by the size of the solution $k$, 5-

Dmitry A. Garanin, Reem Jaafar, Eugene M. Chudnovsky

The breathing mode of a skyrmion, corresponding to coupled oscillations of its size and chirality angle is studied numerically for a conservative classical-spin system on a $500\times500$ lattice. The dependence of the oscillation frequency on the magnetic field is computed. It is linear at small fields, reaches maximum on increasing the field, then sharply

Joshua Hanson, Maxim Raginsky

There has been a recent shift in sequence-to-sequence modeling from recurrent network architectures to convolutional network architectures due to computational advantages in training and operation while still achieving competitive performance. For systems having limited long-term temporal dependencies, the approximation capability of recurrent networks is es

Mathieu Istas, Christoph Groth, Xavier Waintal

Simulations of quantum transport in coherent conductors have evolved into mature techniques that are used in fields of physics ranging from electrical engineering to quantum nanoelectronics and material science. The most efficient general-purpose algorithms have a computational cost that scales as $L^{6 \dots 7}$ in 3D, which on the one hand is a substantial

Manish Raghavan, Solon Barocas, Jon Kleinberg, Karen Levy

There has been rapidly growing interest in the use of algorithms in hiring, especially as a means to address or mitigate bias. Yet, to date, little is known about how these methods are used in practice. How are algorithmic assessments built, validated, and examined for bias? In this work, we document and analyze the claims and practices of companies offering

Roope Uola, Tristan Kraft, Alastair A. Abbott

Recent developments surrounding resource theories have shown that any quantum state or measurement resource, with respect to a convex (and compact) set of resourceless objects, provides an advantage in a tailored subchannel or state discrimination task, respectively. Here we show that an analogous, more general result is also true in the case of dynamical qu

STAR Collaboration, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J. R. Adams

The two-particle angular correlation functions, $R_2$, of pions, kaons, and protons in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV were measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC. These correlations were measured for both like-sign and unlike-sign charge combinations and versus the centrality. The correlations of pions

Alessandro Lanza, Serena Morigi, Monica Pragliola, Fiorella Sgallari

We propose a new space-variant regularization term for variational image restoration based on the assumption that the gradient magnitudes of the target image distribute locally according to a half-Generalized Gaussian distribution. This leads to a highly flexible regularizer characterized by two per-pixel free parameters, which are automatically estimated fr

Wil O. C. Ward, Tom Ryder, Dennis Prangle, Mauricio A. Álvarez

Latent force models are systems whereby there is a mechanistic model describing the dynamics of the system state, with some unknown forcing term that is approximated with a Gaussian process. If such dynamics are non-linear, it can be difficult to estimate the posterior state and forcing term jointly, particularly when there are system parameters that also ne

Dimitar Jetchev, David Loeffler, Sarah Livia Zerbes

We construct two-parameter analytic families of Galois cohomology classes interpolating the etale Abel--Jacobi images of generalised Heegner cycles, with both the modular form and Grossencharacter varying in p-adic families.

G. Q. Garcia, P. J. Porfírio, D. C. Moreira, C. Furtado

In this work we study the behavior of massless fermions in a graphene wormhole and in the presence of an external magnetic field. The graphene wormhole is made from two sheets of graphene that play the roles of asymptotically flat spaces connected through a carbon nanotube with a zig-zag boundary. We solve the massless Dirac equation in this geometry and ana

Paul J. Kellogg

Calculations are made of the energy supplied to the solar wind by the rapid decay of density fluctuations, identified as ion acoustic waves. It is shown that this process supplies an appreciable fraction, perhaps nearly all, of the observed heating of the solar wind. This process may be an important step in the conversion of magnetic turbulence to particle e

Łukasz Bratek, Joanna Jałocha, Marek Kutschera

We study cylindrically symmetric steady-state accretion of polytropic test matter spiraling onto the symmetry axis in power-law and logarithmic potentials. The model allows one to qualitatively understand the accretion process in a symmetry different from that of the classical Bondi accretion. We study the integral curves as level lines of some Hamiltonian a

Shun Uchino, Jean-Philippe Brantut

We present a microscopic theory of heat and particle transport of an interacting, low temperature Bose-Einstein condensate in a quantum point contact. We show that, in contrast to charged, fermionic superconductors, bosonic systems feature tunneling processes of condensate elements, leading to the presence of odd-order harmonics in the AC Josephson current.

Matteo Martinelli, Isaac Tutusaus

With the recent increase in precision of our cosmological datasets, measurements of $Λ$CDM model parameter provided by high- and low-redshift observations started to be in tension, i.e., the obtained values of such parameters were shown to be significantly different in a statistical sense. In~this work we tackle the tension on the value of the Hubble paramet

Sneha Banerjee, John Luginsland, Peng Zhang

Contact resistance and current crowding are important to nanoscale electrical contacts. In this paper, we present a self-consistent model to characterize partially overlapped parallel contacts with varying specific contact resistivity along the contact length. For parallel tunneling contacts formed between contacting members separated by a thin insulating ga

Mathias Braun, Karen Habermann, Karl-Theodor Sturm

Given a metric measure space $(X,\mathsf{d},\mathfrak{m})$ and a lower semicontinuous, lower bounded function $k\colon X\to\mathbb{R}$, we prove the equivalence of the synthetic approaches to Ricci curvature at $x\in X$ being bounded from below by $k(x)$ in terms of $\bullet$ the Bakry-\'Emery estimate $\Delta\Gamma(f)/2 - \Gamma(f,\Delta f) \geq k\,\Gamma(f

Nina Kamcev, Anita Liebenau, David R. Wood, Liana Yepremyan

A graph $G$ is Ramsey for a graph $H$ if every 2-colouring of the edges of $G$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. We consider the following question: if $H$ has bounded treewidth, is there a `sparse&#39; graph $G$ that is Ramsey for $H$? Two notions of sparsity are considered. Firstly, we show that if the maximum degree and treewidth of $H$ are bounded, t

Mark Jerrum, Tamás Makai

We study the joint components in a random `double graph' that is obtained by superposing red and blue binomial random graphs on $n$~vertices. A joint component is a maximal set of vertices, which contains both a red and a blue spanning tree. We show that there are critical pairs of red and blue edge densities at which a joint-giant component appears. In cont

J. Zopes, C. L. Degen

We present a protocol for directly detecting time-dependent magnetic field waveforms with a quantum two-level system. Our method is based on a differential refocusing of segments of the waveform using spin echoes. The sequence can be repeated to increase the sensitivity to small signals. The frequency bandwidth is intrinsically limited by the duration of the

Quran Wu, A. James O'Malley, Janaka S. S. Liyanage, Susmita Datta

The human microbiome can contribute to pathogeneses of many complex diseases by mediating disease-leading causal pathways. However, standard mediation analysis methods are not adequate to analyze the microbiome as a mediator due to the excessive number of zero-valued sequencing reads in the data that is compounded by its compositional structure. The two main

Christian Espíndola

We prove preservation theorems for $\mathcal{L}_{\omega_1, G}$, the countable fragment of Vaught's closed game logic. These are direct generalizations of the theorems of \L{}o\'s-Tarski (resp. Lyndon) on sentences of $\mathcal{L}_{\omega_1, \omega}$ preserved by substructures (resp. homomorphic images). The solution, in $ZFC$, only uses general features and

Zhuang Niu

Let $(X, \Gamma)$ be a free minimal dynamical system, where $X$ is a compact separable Hausdorff space and $\Gamma$ is a discrete amenable group. It is shown that, if $(X, \Gamma)$ has a version of Rokhlin property (uniform Rokhlin property) and if $\mathrm{C}(X)\rtimes\Gamma$ has a Cuntz comparison on open sets, then the comparison radius of the crossed pro

Christian Espíndola

We provide a proof, in $ZFC$, of Shelah's eventual categoricity conjecture for abstract elementary classes (AEC's). Moreover, assuming in addition the Singular Cardinal Hypothesis ($SCH$), we prove a direct generalization to the more general context of accessible categories with directed colimits. If $\mathcal{K}$ is such a category, we show that there is a

Xiaogang Liu

Permutation polynomials have many applications in finite fields theory, coding theory, cryptography, combinatorial design, communication theory, and so on. Permutation binomials of the form $x^{r}(x^{q-1}+a)$ over $\mathbb{F}_{q^2}$ have been studied before, K. Li, L. Qu and X. Chen proved that they are permutation polynomials if and only if $r=1$ and $a^{q+

David Newman, Florian Mintert, Ahsan Nazir

We show that finite system-reservoir coupling imposes a distinct quantum limit on the performance of a non-equilibrium quantum heat engine. Even in the absence of quantum friction along the isentropic strokes, finite system-reservoir coupling induces correlations that result in the generation of coherence between the energy eigenstates of the working system.

Silvia Ferrario Ravasio, Tomas Jezo, Paolo Nason, Carlo Oleari

This paper is a follow-up of Ref.~\cite{Ravasio:2018lzi}, where we studied the impact of next-to-leading order calculations merged with parton shower generators (NLO+PS) of increasing accuracy in the extraction of the top mass at hadron colliders. Here we examined results obtained with the older (fortran-based) shower generators Pythia6.4 and Herwig6.5. Our

Rob Stevenson, Raymond van Venetië

Using the framework of operator or Cald\'{e}ron preconditioning, uniform preconditioners are constructed for elliptic operators of order $2s \in [0,2]$ discretized with continuous finite (or boundary) elements. The cost of the preconditioner is the cost of the application an elliptic opposite order operator discretized with discontinuous or continuous finite

Andrew Moorhead

We develop the theory of the higher commutator for Taylor varieties. A new higher commutator operation called the hypercommutator is defined using a type of invariant relation called a higher dimensional congruence. The hypercommutator is shown to be symmetric and satisfy an inequality relating nested terms. For a Taylor algebra the term condition higher com

Edoardo Fossati

In this article we give a sharp upper bound on the possible values of the Euler characteristic for a minimal symplectic filling of a tight contact structure on a lens space. This estimate is obtained by looking at the topology of the spaces involved, extending this way what we already knew from the universally tight case to the virtually overtwisted one. As

Manuel Arana-Jiménez, Víctor Blanco, Elena Fernández

In this paper studies the maximal covering location problem, assuming imprecise knowledge of all data involved. The considered problem is modeled from a fuzzy perspective producing suitable fuzzy Pareto solutions. Some properties of the fuzzy model are studied, which validate the equivalent mixed-binary linear multiobjective formulation proposed. A solution

Hau-Wen Huang

Assume that $\mathbb F$ is an algebraically closed field with characteristic zero. The universal Racah algebra $\Re$ is a unital associative $\mathbb F$-algebra defined by generators and relations. The generators are $A,B, C, D$ and the relations state that $$ [A,B]=[B,C]=[C,A]=2D $$ and each of \begin{gather*} [A,D]+AC-BA, \qquad [B,D]+BA-CB, \qquad [C,D]+C

Shu-Jun Rong

Recent stringent experiment data of neutrino oscillations induces partial symmetries such as $Z_{2}$, $Z_{2}\times CP$ to derive lepton mixing patterns. New partial symmetries expressed with elements of group algebras are studied. A specific lepton mixing pattern could correspond to a set of equivalent elements of a group algebra. The transformation which in

S. G. Bobkov, G. P. Chistyakov, F. Götze

We explore asymptotically optimal bounds for deviations of distributions of independent Bernoulli random variables from the Poisson limit in terms of the Shannon relative entropy and Rényi/Tsallis relative distances (including Pearson&#39;s $χ^2$). This part generalizes the results obtained in Part I and removes any constraints on the parameters of the Berno

S. G. Bobkov, G. P. Chistyakov, F. Götze

We explore asymptotically optimal bounds for deviations of Bernoulli convolutions from the Poisson limit in terms of the Shannon relative entropy and the Pearson $χ^2$-distance. The results are based on proper non-uniform estimates for densities. They deal with models of non-homogeneous, non-degenerate Bernoulli distributions.

Jacopo Corno, Niklas Georg, Shahnam Gorgi Zadeh, Johann Heller

This paper reports on comprehensive efforts on uncertainty quantification and global sensitivity analysis for accelerator cavity design. As a case study object the TESLA shaped superconducting cavities, as produced for the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (EXFEL), are selected. The choice for these cavities is explained by the available measurement data th

Kyle J. Arnold, Rattakorn Kaewuam, Sapam R. Chanu, Ting Rei Tan

Measurement of the $^{138}$Ba$^+$ ${}^2S_{1/2} - {}^2D_{5/2}$ clock transition frequency and $D_{5/2}$ Land\'e $g_J$ factor are reported. The clock transition frequency $\nu_{\mathrm{Ba}^+}=170\,126\,432\,449\,333.31\pm(0.39)_\mathrm{stat}\pm(0.29)_\mathrm{sys}\,$Hz, is obtained with accuracy limited by the frequency calibration of the maser used as a refere

Pierre del Moral, Sumeetpal Sidhu Singh

We present a novel backward It{\^o}-Ventzell formula and an extension of the Aleeksev-Gr\"obner interpolating formula to stochastic flows. We also present some natural spectral conditions that yield direct and simple proofs of time uniform estimates of the difference between the two stochastic flows when their drift and diffusion functions are not the same,

Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman, David Parker

Quantitative verification techniques have been developed for the formal analysis of a variety of probabilistic models, such as Markov chains, Markov decision process and their variants. They can be used to produce guarantees on quantitative aspects of system behaviour, for example safety, reliability and performance, or to help synthesise controllers that en

Kyu Jung Bae, Ryusuke Jinno, Ayuki Kamada, Keisuke Yanagi

Galactic-scale structure is of particular interest since it provides important clues to dark matter properties and its observation is improving. Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) behave as cold dark matter on galactic scales, while beyond-WIMP candidates suppress galactic-scale structure formation. Suppression in the linear matter power spectrum h

Łukasz Bratek, Joanna Jałocha, Andrzej Woszczyna

A static sphere of incompressible fluid with uniform proper energy density is considered as an example of exact star-like solution with weakened central regularity conditions characteristic of a nakedly singular spherical vaccuum solution. The solution is a singular counterpart of the Schwarzschild's interior solution. The initial condition in the center for

Elias Nehme, Daniel Freedman, Racheli Gordon, Boris Ferdman

Localization microscopy is an imaging technique in which the positions of individual nanoscale point emitters (e.g. fluorescent molecules) are determined at high precision from their images. This is the key ingredient in single/multiple-particle-tracking and several super-resolution microscopy approaches. Localization in three-dimensions (3D) can be performe