July 2019 arXiv papers — page 8

Douglas Hunsaker, Warren Phillips, Robert Spall

It is shown that the smooth-wall boundary conditions specified for commonly used dissipation-based turbulence models are mathematically incorrect. It is demonstrated that when these traditional wall boundary conditions are used, the resulting formulations allow either an infinite number of solutions or no solution. Furthermore, these solutions do not enforce

Stefan Steinerberger

Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^2$ be a bounded, convex domain and let $-\Delta \phi_1 = \mu_1 \phi_1$ be the first nontrivial Laplacian eigenfunction with Neumann boundary conditions. The Hot Spots conjecture claims that the maximum and minimum are attained at the boundary. We show that they are attained far away from one another: if $x_1, x_2 \in \Omega$ sa

Qian Yuan, Yuan Yuan

This paper is concerned with the large time behaviors of the entropy solutions to one-dimensional scalar convex conservation laws, of which the initial data are assumed to approach two arbitrary $ L^\infty $ periodic functions as $ x\rightarrow-\infty $ and $ x\rightarrow+\infty, $ respectively. We show that the solutions approach the Riemann solutions at al

S. S. Majid, S. R. Sahu, A. Ahad, K. Dey

Insulator to metal (IMT) transition (T$_t$ $\sim$ 341 K) in the VO2 accompanies transition from an infrared (IR) transparent to IR opaque phase. Tailoring of the IMT and associated IR switching behavior can offer potential thermochromic applications. Here we report on effects of the W and the Tb doping on the IMT and associated structural, electronic structu

BESIII Collaboration, M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson

Using 448.1 $\times$ $10^{6}$ $\psi(3686)$ events collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII, we employ a single-baryon tagging technique to make the first observation of $\psi(3686)\rightarrow\Xi(1530)^{-}\bar\Xi(1530)^{+}$ and $\Xi(1530)^{-}\bar\Xi^{+}$ decays with a statistical significance of more than 10$\sigma$ and 5.0$\sigma$, respectively. The bran

P. Cho, Y. Leng, P. Petruzzi, M. Morris

A coherent, short-length reference arm reflectometer, which utilizes a 76-MHz repetition rate mode-locked fiber laser, was investigated experimentally for long fiber links (> 10 km). The reflectometer combines the advantages of optical time-domain and frequency-domain reflectometry without the need for high-speed photodetectors and electronics to achieve hig

Daniel Disegni

The formula of the title relates $p$-adic heights of Heegner points and derivatives of $p$-adic $L$-functions. It was originally proved by Perrin-Riou for $p$-ordinary elliptic curves over the rationals, under the assumption that $p$ splits in the relevant quadratic extension. We remove this assumption, in the more general setting of Hilbert-modular abelian

Jesper Simonsson, Long Zhang, Brice Morin, Benoit Baudry

In this paper, we present a novel fault injection system called ChaosOrca for system calls in containerized applications. ChaosOrca aims at evaluating a given application's self-protection capability with respect to system call errors. The unique feature of ChaosOrca is that it conducts experiments under production-like workload without instrumenting the app

Richard Griffon, Guus de Wit

Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ be a finite field of odd characteristic $p$. We exhibit elliptic curves over the rational function field $K = \mathbb{F}_q(t)$ whose Tate-Shafarevich groups are large. More precisely, we consider certain infinite sequences of explicit elliptic curves $E$, for which we prove that their Tate-Shafarevich group $\mathrm{III}(E)$ is finite and

Abulikemu Abuduweili, Xin Wu, Xingchen Tao

Automatic species classification in camera traps would greatly help the biodiversity monitoring and species analysis in the earth. In order to accelerate the development of automatic species classification task, "Microsoft AI for Earth" have prepared a challenge in FGVC6 workshop at CVPR 2019, which called "iWildCam 2019 competition". In this work, we propos

Chunming Tang, Cunsheng Ding, Maosheng Xiong

Special functions, coding theory and $t$-designs have close connections and interesting interplay. A standard approach to constructing $t$-designs is the use of linear codes with certain regularity. The Assmus-Mattson Theorem and the automorphism groups are two ways for proving that a code has sufficient regularity for supporting $t$-designs. However, some l

Michael Innerberger, Dirk Praetorius

We consider an adaptive finite element method with arbitrary but fixed polynomial degree $p \ge 1$, where adaptivity is driven by an edge-based residual error estimator. Based on the modified maximum criterion from [Diening et al, Found. Comput. Math. 16, 2016], we propose a goal-oriented adaptive algorithm and prove that it is instance optimal. More precise

Marco Drewes, Juraj Klarić, Philipp Klose

We study the perspective to observe lepton number violating signatures from heavy Majorana neutrino decays at colliders in view of the requirement to explain the light neutrino masses via the seesaw mechanism. In the minimal model with only two heavy neutrinos and in the $\nu$MSM one can identify three distinct regions in the mass-mixing plane. For Majorana

Jiaxin Cai, Hongfeng Zhu

Lung image segmentation plays an important role in computer-aid pulmonary diseases diagnosis and treatment. This paper proposed a lung image segmentation method by generative adversarial networks. We employed a variety of generative adversarial networks and use its capability of image translation to perform image segmentation. The generative adversarial netw

Cunsheng Ding, Chunming Tang, Vladimir D. Tonchev

In this paper, the 3-rank of the incidence matrices of 2-designs supported by the minimum weight codewords in a family of ternary linear codes considered in [C. Ding, C. Li, Infinite families of 2-designs and 3-designs from linear codes, Discrete Mathematics 340(10) (2017) 2415--2431] are computed. A lower bound on the minimum distance of the ternary codes s

Wanlou Wu, Lixuan Zheng

Let $T_\beta$ be the $\beta$-transformation on $[0,1)$ defined by $$T_\beta(x)=\beta x\text{ mod }1.$$ We study the Diophantine approximation of the orbit of a point $x$ under $T_\beta$. Precisely, for given two positive functions $\psi_1,~\psi_2: \mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^+$, define $$\mathcal{L}(\psi_1):=\left\{x\in[0,1]:T_\beta^n x<\psi_1(n),\text

Mathieu Dugré, Valérie Hayot-Sasson, Tristan Glatard

In the past few years, neuroimaging has entered the Big Data era due to the joint increase in image resolution, data sharing, and study sizes. However, no particular Big Data engines have emerged in this field, and several alternatives remain available. We compare two popular Big Data engines with Python APIs, Apache Spark and Dask, for their runtime perform

Nils Berglund, Yvain Bruned

We consider stochastic PDEs on the $d$-dimensional torus with fractional Laplacian of parameter $\rho\in(0,2]$, quadratic nonlinearity and driven by space-time white noise. These equations are known to be locally subcritical, and thus amenable to the theory of regularity structures, if and only if $\rho > d/3$. Using a series of recent results by the second

Pietro Miraglio

We consider stable solutions to the equation $ -\Delta_p u =f(u) $ in a smooth bounded domain $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^n $ for a $ C^1 $ nonlinearity $f$. Either in the radial case, or for some model nonlinearities $f$ in a general domain, stable solutions are known to be bounded in the optimal dimension range $n<p+4p/(p-1)$. In this article, under a new con

Cristián Erices, Miguel Riquelme, Pablo Rodríguez

The thermodynamic properties of the Ba\~nados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole endowed with Korteweg-de Vries (KdV)-type boundary conditions are considered. This familiy of boundary conditions for General Relativity on AdS$_{3}$ is labeled by a non-negative integer $n$, and gives rise to a dual theory which possesses anisotropic Lifshitz scaling invarianc

Andrew Daw, Robert C. Hampshire, Jamol Pender

In many different settings, requests for service can arrive in near or true simultaneity with one another. This creates batches of arrivals to the underlying queueing system. In this paper, we study the staffing problem for the batch arrival queue. We show that batches place a dangerous and deceptive stress on services, requiring a high amount of resources a

Carlos Caetano, Jessica Sena, François Brémond, Jefersson A. dos Santos

Due to the availability of large-scale skeleton datasets, 3D human action recognition has recently called the attention of computer vision community. Many works have focused on encoding skeleton data as skeleton image representations based on spatial structure of the skeleton joints, in which the temporal dynamics of the sequence is encoded as variations in

Lanlan Su, Vijay Gupta, Graziano Chesi

This technical note investigates the minimum average transmit power required for mean-square stabilization of a discrete-time linear process across a time-varying additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) fading channel that is presented between the sensor and the controller. We assume channel state information at both the transmitter and the receiver, and allow

Geovani Nunes Grapiglia, Yurii Nesterov

In this paper we study the auxiliary problems that appear in $p$-order tensor methods for unconstrained minimization of convex functions with $\nu$-H\"{o}lder continuous $p$th derivatives. This type of auxiliary problems corresponds to the minimization of a $(p+\nu)$-order regularization of the $p$th order Taylor approximation of the objective. For the case

Robin Harper, Steven T. Flammia, Joel J. Wallman

Noise is the central obstacle to building large-scale quantum computers. Quantum systems with sufficiently uncorrelated and weak noise could be used to solve computational problems that are intractable with current digital computers. There has been substantial progress towards engineering such systems. However, continued progress depends on the ability to ch

Maximilian J. Grill, Christoph Meier, Wolfgang A. Wall

This article studies the fundamental problem of separating two adhesive elastic fibers based on numerical simulation employing a recently developed finite element model for molecular interactions between curved slender fibers. Specifically, it covers the two-sided peeling and pull-off process starting from fibers contacting along its entire length to fully s

Dongming Wei, Sahar Ahmad, Jiayu Huo, Wen Peng

Thermal ablation is a minimally invasive procedure for treat-ing small or unresectable tumors. Although CT is widely used for guiding ablation procedures, the contrast of tumors against surrounding normal tissues in CT images is often poor, aggravating the difficulty in accurate thermal ablation. In this paper, we propose a fast MR-CT image registration meth

Wouter van Eekelen, Dick den Hertog, Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden

A notorious problem in queueing theory is to compute the worst possible performance of the GI/G/1 queue under mean-dispersion constraints for the interarrival and service time distributions. We address this extremal queue problem by measuring dispersion in terms of Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) instead of variance, making available recently developed techniq

Hao Li, Shengsheng Liu, Chang Liu, Jingsong Zhang

Recently, MnBi2Te4 has been discovered as the first intrinsic antiferromagnetic topological insulator (AFM TI), and will become a promising material to discover exotic topological quantum phenomena. In this work, we have realized the successful synthesis of high-quality MnBi2Te4 single crystals by solid-state reactions. The as-grown MnBi2Te4 single crystal e

Sen Pei, Jiannan Wang, Flaviano Morone, Hernán A Makse

The integrity and functionality of many real-world complex systems hinge on a small set of pivotal nodes, or influencers. In different contexts, these influencers are defined as either structurally important nodes that maintain the connectivity of networks, or dynamically crucial units that can disproportionately impact certain dynamical processes. In practi

Mohsen Rakhshandehroo, Mohammad Rajabdorri

In this paper, in following of the first part (which ADF tests using ACI evaluation) has conducted, Time Series (TSs) are analyzed using decomposition analysis. In fact, TSs are composed of four components including trend (long term behavior or progression of series), cyclic component (non-periodic fluctuation behavior which are usually long term), seasonal

T. Rokhmanova, A. V. Kats

The diffraction of electromagnetic waves at the surface periodic structures accompanied by strong anomalous effects in different diffraction orders is considered in great detail for high-contrast interfaces. We restrict our discussion to the TM polarization of the incident wave (the magnetic field is orthogonal to the plane of incidence) and the simplest geo

Mehrdad Aghagholizadeh, Necati Catbas

A comparative analysis of two bridges constructed with the most commonly used girder types in Florida is carried out. The girder types that the bridges are employed for this study are AASHTO Type III (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials) and Florida I-Beam. Two bridges that have exactly the same specifications but with differen

Japan K. Patel, James S. Warsa, Anil K. Prinja

The discrete ordinates method can model forward-peaked transport problems accurately. However, convergence of discrete ordinates solution can become arbitrarily slow upon use of standard iterative procedures like source iteration and GMRES. Standard zeroth and first moment-based acceleration methods like nonlinear diffusion acceleration and diffusion synthet

Erik Wittern, Alan Cha, James C. Davis, Guillaume Baudart

GraphQL is a query language for APIs and a runtime to execute queries. Using GraphQL queries, clients define precisely what data they wish to retrieve or mutate on a server, leading to fewer round trips and reduced response sizes. Although interest in GraphQL is on the rise, with increasing adoption at major organizations, little is known about what GraphQL

Peter van Hintum, Hunter Spink, Marius Tiba

We prove a sharp stability result concerning how close homothetic sets attaining near-equality in the Brunn-Minkowski inequality are to being convex. In particular, resolving a conjecture of Figalli and Jerison, we show there are universal constants $C_n,d_n>0$ such that for $A \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ of positive measure, if $|\frac{A+A}{2}\setminus A| \le d_n

Matteo Acciai, Alessio Calzona, Matteo Carrega, Thierry Martin

Precise shaping of coherent electron sources allows the controlled creation of wavepackets into a one dimensional (1D) quantum conductor. Periodic trains of Lorentzian pulses have been shown to induce minimal excitations without creating additional electron-hole pairs in a single non-interacting 1D electron channel. The presence of electron-electron (e-e) in

Fernando P. da Costa, Michael Grinfeld, João T. Pinto, Kedtysack Xayxanadasy

Motivated by recent studies of bifurcations in liquid crystals cells [1,2] we consider a nonlinear pendulum ordinary differential equation in the bounded interval $(-L, L)$ with non-homogeneous mixed boundary conditions (Dirichlet an one end of the interval, Neumann at the other) and study the bifurcation diagram of its solutions having as bifurcation parame

Kazuya Fujimoto, Kazunori Haneda, Kazue Kudo, Yuki Kawaguchi

We theoretically study the scale-invariant relaxation dynamics in segregating two-component Bose-Einstein condensates with large particle-number imbalance, and uncover that random walk of droplet for the minor component plays a fundamental role in the relaxation process. Our numerical simulations based on the binary Gross-Pitaevskii model reveal the emergenc

Indranil Biswas, Sorin Dumitrescu, Benjamin McKay

We pursue the study of holomorphic Cartan geometry with singularities. We introduce the notion of logarithmic Cartan geometry on a complex manifold, with polar part supported on a normal crossing divisor. In particular, we show that the push-forward of a Cartan geometry constructed using a finite Galois ramified covering is a logarithmic Cartan geometry (the

Wu-yen Chuang, Thomas Creutzig, D. -E. Diaconescu, Yan Soibelman

A W-algebra action is constructed on the equivariant Borel-Moore homology of the Hilbert scheme of points on a nonreduced plane in three dimensional affine space, identifying it to the vacuum W-module. This is based on a generalization of the ADHM construction as well as the W-action on the equivariant Borel-Moore homology of the moduli space of instantons c

Marcelo Bertalmío, Luca Calatroni, Valentina Franceschi, Benedetta Franceschiello

In this work we have aimed to reproduce supra-threshold perception phenomena, specifically visual illusions, with Wilson-Cowan-type models of neuronal dynamics. We have found that it is indeed possible to do so, but that the ability to replicate visual illusions is related to how well the neural activity equations comply with the efficient representation pri

Lanlan Su, Mengmou Li, Vijay Gupta, Graziano Chesi

This work is concerned with the problem of distributed resource allocation in continuous-time setting but with discrete-time communication over infinitely jointly connected and balanced digraphs. We provide a passivity-based perspective for the continuous-time algorithm, based on which an intermittent communication scheme is developed. Particularly, a period

Florian Brandt, Markus Hiekkamäki, Frédéric Bouchard, Marcus Huber

Unitary transformations are the fundamental building blocks of gates and operations in quantum information processing allowing the complete manipulation of quantum systems in a coherent manner. In the case of photons, optical elements that can perform unitary transformations are readily available only for some degrees of freedom, e.g. wave plates for polaris

Kazumi Ozaki, Katharine J. Thompson, Rachel L. Simister, Sean A. Crowe

The emergence of oxygenic photosynthesis created a new niche with dramatic potential to transform energy flow through Earth's biosphere. However, more primitive forms of photosynthesis that fix CO2 into biomass using electrons from reduced species like Fe(II) and H2 instead of water would have competed with Earth's early oxygenic biosphere for essential nutr

Dmitry Korotkin, Peter Zograf

We define two tau functions, $\tau$ and $\hat{\tau}$ , on moduli spaces of spectral covers of $GL(n)$ Hitchin's systems. Analyzing the properties of $\tau$, we express the divisor class of the universal Hitchin's discriminant in terms of standard generators of the rational Picard group of the moduli spaces of spectral covers with variable base. The function

Zdeněk Dvořák, Liana Yepremyan

The celebrated Hadwiger's conjecture states that if a graph contains no $K_{t+1}$ minor then it is $t$-colourable. If true, it would in particular imply that every $n$-vertex $K_{t+1}$-minor-free graph has an independent set of size at least $n/t$. In 1982, Duchet and Meyniel proved that this bound holds within a factor $2$. Their bound has been improved; mo

Kyle Bomeisl

This paper presents a solution to the following open problem in Number Theory and Geometry: How many points can you find on the (half) parabola $y=x^2$, $x>0$, so that the distance between any pair of them is rational? This problem sounds like a geometry problem, but it is likely to require techniques in number theory. That's because, to determine if the dis

Han Zhang, Xi Gao, Jacob Unterman, Tom Arodz

Neural ODEs and i-ResNet are recently proposed methods for enforcing invertibility of residual neural models. Having a generic technique for constructing invertible models can open new avenues for advances in learning systems, but so far the question of whether Neural ODEs and i-ResNets can model any continuous invertible function remained unresolved. Here,

Maximilian J. Grill, Wolfgang A. Wall, Christoph Meier

This contribution proposes the first 3D beam-to-beam interaction model for molecular interactions between curved slender fibers undergoing large deformations. While the general model is not restricted to a specific beam formulation, in the present work it is combined with the geometrically exact beam theory and discretized via the finite element method. A di

Anna Stelzer

This study conducts a benchmarking study, comparing 23 different statistical and machine learning methods in a credit scoring application. In order to do so, the models' performance is evaluated over four different data sets in combination with five data sampling strategies to tackle existing class imbalances in the data. Six different performance measures a

Kazumi Ozaki, Eiichi Tajika, Peng K. Hong, Yusuke Nakagawa

The evolution of different forms of photosynthetic life has profoundly altered the activity level of the biosphere, radically reshaping the composition of Earth's oceans and atmosphere over time. However, the mechanistic impacts of a primitive photosynthetic biosphere on Earth's early atmospheric chemistry and climate are poorly understood. Here, we use a gl

Alexander Cao, Benjamin Lindner, Peter J. Thomas

Stochastic oscillations are ubiquitous in many systems. For deterministic systems, the oscillator's phase has been widely used as an effective one-dimensional description of a higher dimensional dynamics, particularly for driven or coupled systems. Hence, efforts have been made to generalize the phase concept to the stochastic framework. One notion of phase

Paulo C. Cortes, Charles L. H. Hull, Josep M. Girart, Carlos Orquera-Rojas

Here we present new ALMA observations of polarized dust emission from six of the most massive clumps in W43-Main. The clumps MM2, MM3, MM4, MM6, MM7, and MM8, have been resolved into two populations of fragmented filaments. From these two populations we extracted 81 cores (96 with the MM1 cores) with masses between 0.9 \Msun\ to 425 \Msun\ and a mass sensiti

Gautam Pai, Mor Joseph-Rivlin, Ron Kimmel

A majority of shape correspondence frameworks are based on devising pointwise and pairwise constraints on the correspondence map. The functional maps framework allows for formulating these constraints in the spectral domain. In this paper, we develop a functional map framework for the shape correspondence problem by constructing pairwise constraints using po

Daniel Torres-Salinas, Esteban Romero-Frías, Wenceslao Arroyo-Machado

The present study aims to establish a valid method by which to apply the theory of co-citations to Wikipedia article references and, subsequently, to map these relationships between scientific papers. This theory, originally applied to scientific literature, will be transferred to the digital environment of collective knowledge generation. To this end, a dat

Jorge Guevara, Roberto Hirata, Stéphane Canu

This paper introduces the concept of kernels on fuzzy sets as a similarity measure for $[0,1]$-valued functions, a.k.a. \emph{membership functions of fuzzy sets}. We defined the following classes of kernels: the cross product, the intersection, the non-singleton and the distance-based kernels on fuzzy sets. Applicability of those kernels are on machine learn

Valerio Capraro, Matjaz Perc, Daniele Vilone

Lies can have profoundly negative consequences for individuals, groups, and even for societies. Understanding how lying evolves and when it proliferates is therefore of significant importance for our personal and societal well-being. To that effect, we here study the sender-receiver game in well-mixed populations with methods of statistical physics. We use t

Peng Chen, Louis Ponet, Keji Lai, Roberto Cingolani

Ferroelectric domain walls (DWs) are nanoscale topological defects that can be easily tailored to create nanoscale devices. Their excitations, recently discovered to be responsible for DW GHz conductivity, hold promise for faster signal transmission and processing speed compared to the existing technology. Here we find that DW phonons disperse from GHz to TH

Lanlan Su, Vijay Gupta, Panos Antsaklis

This paper addresses the problem of designing an optimal output feedback controller with a specified controller structure for linear time-invariant (LTI) systems to maximize the passivity level for the closed-loop system, in both continuous-time (CT) and discrete-time (DT). Specifically, the set of controllers under consideration is linearly parameterized wi

Mona H. Kalthoff, Dante M. Kennes, Michael A. Sentef

We investigate the light-cone-like spread of electronic correlations in a laser-driven quantum chain. Using the time-dependent density matrix renormalization group, we show that high-frequency driving leads to a Floquet-engineered spread velocity that determines the enhancement of density-density correlations when the ratio of potential and kinetic energies

Feras Al-Hawari, Elias Manolakos

A distributed application executing on a Network of Workstations (NOW) needs to be resource state aware to possibly adapt itself accordingly in order to keep satisfying the desired Quality of Service (QoS) demands throughout its lifespan. We implemented a QoS service to enable application-driven adaptation for performance and fault tolerance at runtime. The

Giulio Galise, Alessandro Iacopetti, Fabiana Leoni

We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of positive radial solutions for a class of fully nonlinear uniformly elliptic equations posed in the complement of a ball in $\mathbb R^N$, and equipped with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions.

Fulvio Melia

It has been known for over three decades that the monochromatic X-ray and UV luminosities in quasars are correlated, though non-linearly. This offers the possibility of using high-z quasars as standard candles for cosmological testing. In this paper, we use a recently assembled, high-quality catalog of 1598 quasars extending all the way to redshift ~6, to co

Hao Xiong, Ruiqing Zhang, Chuanqiang Zhang, Zhongjun He

In this paper, we present DuTongChuan, a novel context-aware translation model for simultaneous interpreting. This model allows to constantly read streaming text from the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model and simultaneously determine the boundaries of Information Units (IUs) one after another. The detected IU is then translated into a fluent translati

Jannik Hofestädt, Marc Bruchner, Thomas Eberl

Studying the atmospheric neutrino oscillation probabilities below 2 GeV with a multi-megaton Cherenkov detector allows for a measurement of the leptonic CP-phase $\delta_{CP}$. The most relevant CP-sensitive energy range is below the neutrino detection threshold of KM3NeT/ORCA, which is an underwater Cherenkov detector optimised to determine the neutrino mas

Xavier Cabre, Fernando Charro

We study the following natural question that, apparently, has not been well addressed in the literature: Given functions $u$ with support in the unit ball $B_1\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ and with gradient in the Morrey space $M^{p,\lambda}(B_1)$, where $1<p<\lambda<n$, what is the largest range of exponents $q$ for which necessarily $u\in L^{q}(B_1)$? While David R

Fedor Petrov, Zhi-Wei Sun

We confirm several conjectures of Sun involving quadratic residues modulo odd primes. For any prime $p\equiv 1\pmod 4$ and integer $a\not\equiv0\pmod p$, we prove that \begin{align*}&(-1)^{|\{1\le k<\frac p4:\ (\frac kp)=-1\}|}\prod_{1\le j<k\le(p-1)/2}(e^{2\pi iaj^2/p}+e^{2\pi iak^2/p}) \\=&\begin{cases}1&\text{if}\ p\equiv1\pmod 8,\\\left(\frac ap\right)\v

Jeff Manning, Ross Baldick

Application of Dynamic Mode Decomposition to clear-sky index forecasting of shadowing effects of convective fair-weather cumulus clouds is presented. Cloud dynamics are captured by sequences of visible-light photographic video frames. This method can be more easily applied to the modeling of cloud evolution than traditional fluid-based methods, and can enhan

Denis Aslangil, Daniel Livescu, Arindam Banerjee

The effects of different initial density distributions on the evolution of buoyancy-driven homogeneous variable-density turbulence (HVDT) at low (0.05) and high (0.75) Atwood numbers are studied by using high-resolution direct numerical simulations. HVDT aims to mimic the acceleration-driven Rayleigh-Taylor and shock-driven Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities an

Steven T. Flammia, Joel J. Wallman

Pauli channels are ubiquitous in quantum information, both as a dominant noise source in many computing architectures and as a practical model for analyzing error correction and fault tolerance. Here we prove several results on efficiently learning Pauli channels, and more generally the Pauli projection of a quantum channel. We first derive a procedure for l

Florian Kromp, Lukas Fischer, Eva Bozsaky, Inge Ambros

Separating and labeling each instance of a nucleus (instance-aware segmentation) is the key challenge in segmenting single cell nuclei on fluorescence microscopy images. Deep Neural Networks can learn the implicit transformation of a nuclear image into a probability map indicating the class membership of each pixel (nucleus or background), but the use of pos

Leisa K. Townsley, Patrick S. Broos, Gordon P. Garmire, Matthew S. Povich

We offer to the star formation community the third installment of the Massive Star-forming Regions (MSFRs) Omnibus X-ray Catalog (MOXC3), a compilation of X-ray point sources detected in 50 archival Chandra/ACIS observations of 14 Galactic MSFRs and surrounding fields. The MOXC3 MSFRs are NGC 2264, NGC 6193, RCW 108-IR, Aur OB1, DR15, NGC 6231, Berkeley 87,

Gerardo T. Martinez, Benjamin X. Shi, Timothy C. Naginey, Lewys Jones

Phase imaging in electron microscopy is sensitive to the local potential, including charge redistribution from bonding. We demonstrate that electron ptychography provides the necessary sensitivity to detect this subtle effect by directly imaging the charge redistribution in single layer boron nitride. Residual aberrations can be measured and corrected post-c

Ron Levie, Wei Huang, Lorenzo Bucci, Michael M. Bronstein

This paper focuses on spectral graph convolutional neural networks (ConvNets), where filters are defined as elementwise multiplication in the frequency domain of a graph. In machine learning settings where the dataset consists of signals defined on many different graphs, the trained ConvNet should generalize to signals on graphs unseen in the training set. I

Dongping Li

Matrix Riccati differential equations arise in many different areas and are particular important within the field of control theory. In this paper we consider numerical integration for large-scale systems of stiff matrix Riccati differential equations. We show how to apply exponential Rosenbrock-type integrators to get approximate solutions. Two typical expo

Stanislav Jabuka, Cornelia A. Van Cott

We compare the values of the nonorientable three genus (or, crosscap number) and the nonorientable four genus of torus knots. In particular, let T(p,q) be any torus knot with p even and q odd. The difference between these two invariants on T(p,q) is at least k/2, where p = qk + a and 0 < a < q and $k\geq 0$. Hence, the difference between the two invariants o

Yubo Huang, Junguo Lu, Weidong Zhang

With the sharp increase of power demand, large-scale blackouts in power grids occur frequently around the world. Cascading failures are the main causes of network outages. Therefore, revealing the complicated cascade mechanism in grids is conducive to design the efficient policy to restrain the failures and further ensure a stable supply of power to users. M

Toshiyuki Kobayashi

Let $G$ be a real reductive Lie group, $L$ a compact subgroup, and $\pi$ an irreducible admissible representation of $G$. In this article we prove a necessary and sufficient condition for the finiteness of the multiplicities of $L$-types occurring in $\pi$ based on symplectic techniques. This leads us to a simple proof of the criterion for discrete decomposa

Akbar Ali, Suresh Elumalai, Toufik Mansour, Mohammad Ali Rostami

Energy of a simple graph $G$, denoted by $\mathcal{E}(G)$, is the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of $G$. Two graphs with the same order and energy are called equienergetic graphs. A graph $G$ with the property $G\cong \overline{G}$ is called self-complementary graph, where $\overline{G}$ denotes the complement of $G$. Two non-self-complementar

Wai-Tong Louis Fan, Wenqing Hu, Grigory Terlov

The asymptotic wave speed for FKPP type reaction-diffusion equations on a class of infinite random metric trees are considered. We show that a travelling wavefront emerges, provided that the reaction rate is large enough. The wavefront travels at a speed that can be quantified via a variational formula involving the random branching degrees $\vec{d}$ and the

Marcus Johnen, Simon Pitzen, Udo Kamps, Maria Kateri

Capacity degradation of lithium-ion batteries under long-term cyclic aging is modelled via a flexible sigmoidal-type regression set-up, where the regression parameters can be interpreted. Different approaches known from the literature are discussed and compared with the new proposal. Statistical procedures, such as parameter estimation, confidence and predic

Eugen Mihailescu, Mariusz Urbanski

We study Smale skew product endomorphisms (introduced in [27]) now over countable graph directed Markov systems, and we prove the exact dimensionality of conditional measures in fibers, and then the global exact dimensionality of the equilibrium measure itself. Our results apply to large classes of systems and have many applications. They apply for instance

Felipe Zimmerle da N. Costa, Ruy J. Guerra B. de Queiroz

Distributed consensus and Blockchains are popular among the cryptocurrencies where no one except the coins users, owns the data and transactions. No different to open source repositories, where the data belongs to the users. In this work it is presented a manner of having a repository for software packages in a Blockchain with distributed consensus, supporte

Christoph Matthies, Guenter Hesse

Software development comprises complex tasks which are performed by humans. It involves problem solving, domain understanding and communication skills as well as knowledge of a broad variety of technologies, architectures, and solution approaches. As such, software development projects include many situations where crucial decisions must be made. Making the

Iver Brevik

In analog gravity the recent experiment of Drori {\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 122}, 010404 (2019)] is impressive, as it shows how the emission of two Hawking quanta emitted in opposite directions lead to measurable consequences in the medium's rest system in a straightforward way. This result raises however the following problem: how can this experime

Nicolas Lurkin

NA62 is a fixed target kaon experiment at the CERN SPS which aims at measuring the branching ratio of the $K^+\to\pi^+\nu\bar{\nu}$ decay with 10% precision. This ultra-rare kaon decay is theoretically extremely clean and an ideal place to look for physics beyond the Standard Model. The NA62 experiment has been running in 2016-2018 and has accumulated a larg

Olivia Muthsam, Christoph Vogler, Florian Bruckner, Dieter Suess

The reduction of the transition curvature of written bits in heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) is expected to play an important role for the future areal density increase of hard disk drives. Recently a write head design with flipped write and return poles was proposed. In this design a large spatial field gradient of the write head was the key to sign

Nikola I. Nikolov, Richard H. R. Hahnloser

Abstractive summarization typically relies on large collections of paired articles and summaries. However, in many cases, parallel data is scarce and costly to obtain. We develop an abstractive summarization system that relies only on large collections of example summaries and non-matching articles. Our approach consists of an unsupervised sentence extractor

Maria Carvalho, Sebastián A. Pérez

We consider the open set constructed by M. Shub in [42] of partially hyperbolic skew products on the space $\mathbb{T}^2\times \mathbb{T}^2$ whose non-wandering set is not stable. We show that there exists an open set $\mathcal{U}$ of such diffeomorphisms such that if $F_S\in \mathcal{U}$ then its measure of maximal entropy is unique, hyperbolic and, generic

Nam van Tran, Imme van den Berg

We assume that every element of a matrix has a small, individual error, and model it by an external number, which is the sum of a nonstandard real number and a neutrix, the latter being a convex (external) set having the group property. The algebra of external numbers formalizes common error analysis, with rules for calculation which are a sort of mellowed f

Alexander Bourgund, Barbara A. J. Lechner, Matthias Meier, Cesare Franchini

The transport of H adatoms across oxide supports plays an important role in many catalytic reactions. We investigate the dynamics of H/Fe3O4(001) between 295 and 382 K. By scanning tunneling microscopy at frame rates of up to 19.6 fps, we observe the thermally activated switching of H between two O atoms on neighboring Fe rows. This switching rate changes in

Barbara A. J. Lechner, Fabian Knoller, Alexander Bourgund, Ueli Heiz

Metal clusters are partway between molecular and bulk systems and thus exhibit special physical and chemical properties. Atoms can rearrange within a cluster to form different structural isomers. Internal degrees of freedom and the interaction with the support - which both are dependent on cluster size - can promote diffusion across a support. Here, we show

Raphael Meier, Michael Rebsamen, Urspeter Knecht, Mauricio Reyes

Deep learning methods for brain tumor segmentation are typically trained in an ad hoc fashion on all available data. Brain tumors are tremendously heterogeneous in image appearance and labeled training data is limited. We argue that incorporation of additional prior information, specifically tumor grade, associated with tumor imaging phenotypes during model

C. López-Sanjuan, J. Varela, D. Cristóbal-Hornillos, H. Vázquez Ramió

We present the photometric calibration of the twelve optical passbands observed by the Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS). The proposed calibration method has four steps: (i) definition of a high-quality set of calibration stars using Gaia information and available 3D dust maps; (ii) anchoring of the J-PLUS gri passbands to the Pan-STARRS

Moon-Jin Kang, Alexis Vasseur

We prove the global existence and uniqueness of smooth solutions to the one-dimensional barotropic Navier-Stokes system with degenerate viscosity $\mu(\rho)=\rho^\alpha$. We establish that the smooth solutions have possibly two different far-fields, and the initial density remains positive globally in time, for the initial data satisfying the same conditions

Weikang Tang, Lai Wei, Zheng-Xiong Wang, Jialei Wang

Effects of externally applied resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) on the locked mode of neo-classical tearing mode (NTM) are numerically investigated by means of a set of reduced magnetohydrodynamic equations. It is found that for a small bootstrap current fraction, three regimes, namely slight suppression regime, small locked island (SLI) regime and big lo

Ehud Meir, with an appendix by Dejan Govc

In this paper we study invariant rings arising in the study of finite dimensional algebraic structures. The rings we encounter are graded rings of the form $K[U]^{\Gamma}$ where $\Gamma$ is a product of general linear groups over a field $K$ of characteristic zero, and $U$ is a finite dimensional rational representation of $\Gamma$. We will calculate the Hil

Luiz H. Sena, Iury V. Bessa, Mikhail R. Gadelha, Lucas C. Cordeiro

Artificial Neural networks (ANNs) are powerful computing systems employed for various applications due to their versatility to generalize and to respond to unexpected inputs/patterns. However, implementations of ANNs for safety-critical systems might lead to failures, which are hardly predicted in the design phase since ANNs are highly parallel and their par

J. S. Keeler, A. B. Thompson, G. Lemoult, A. Juel

We hypothesize that dynamical systems concepts used to study the transition to turbulence in shear flows are applicable to other transition phenomena in fluid mechanics. In this paper, we consider a finite air bubble that propagates within a Hele-Shaw channel containing a depth-perturbation. Recent experiments revealed that the bubble shape becomes more comp