November 2019 arXiv papers — page 41

Ananthan Karunakaran, Kristine Spekkens, Paul Bennet, David J. Sand

We present atomic hydrogen (HI) observations using the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope along the lines-of-sight to 27 low surface brightness (LSB) dwarf galaxy candidates discovered in optical searches around M101. We detect HI reservoirs in 5 targets and place stringent upper limits on the remaining 22, implying that they are gas poor. The distances to

Timo Felser, Pietro Silvi, Mario Collura, Simone Montangero

We present an unconstrained tree tensor network approach to the study of lattice gauge theories in two spatial dimensions showing how to perform numerical simulations of theories in presence of fermionic matter and four-body magnetic terms, at zero and finite density, with periodic and open boundary conditions. We exploit the quantum link representation of t

K. G. Johnston, M. G. Hoare, H. Beuther, R. Kuiper

We present high-resolution (30 mas or 130 au at 4.2 kpc) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations at 1.2 mm of the disc around the forming O-type star AFGL 4176 mm1. The disc (AFGL 4176 mm1-main) has a radius of ~1000 au and contains significant structure, most notably a spiral arm on its redshifted side. We fitted the observed spiral with l

V. Pelgrims, K. Ferrière, F. Boulanger, R. Lallement

The Sun is embedded in the so-called Local Bubble (LB) -- a cavity of hot plasma created by supernova explosions and surrounded by a shell of cold, dusty gas. Knowing the local distortion of the Galactic magnetic field associated with the LB is critical for the modeling of interstellar polarization data at high Galactic latitudes. In this his paper, we relat

Merced Montesinos, Jorge Romero, Mariano Celada

We perform the canonical analysis of the Holst action for general relativity with a cosmological constant without introducing second-class constraints. Our approach consists in identifying the dynamical and nondynamical parts of the involved variables from the very outset. After integrating out the nondynamical variables associated with the connection, we ob

V. De Luca, G. Franciolini, A. Kehagias, A. Riotto

The issue of the gauge invariance of gravitational waves arises if they are produced in the early universe at second-order in perturbation theory. We address it by dividing the discussion about the gauge invariance in three parts: the production of gravitational waves, their propagation in the real universe, and their measurement.

Avinash Rustagi, Abhishek Solanki, Yaroslav Tserkovnyak, Pramey Upadhyaya

We present a phenomenological theory for coupled spin-charge dynamics in magnetic van der Waals heterostructures. The system studied consists of a layered antiferromagnet inserted into a capacitive vdW heterostructure. It has been recently demonstrated that charge doping in such layered antiferromagnets can modulate the strength, and even the sign, of exchan

Renuka Pechetti, Anil Seth, Nadine Neumayer, Iskren Georgiev

Nuclear Star Clusters (NSCs) are dense clusters of stars that reside in the centers of a majority of the galaxies. In this paper, we study the density profiles for 29 galaxies in a volume-limited survey within 10 Mpc to characterize their NSCs. These galaxies span a 3$\times$10$^8$ - 8$\times$10$^{10}$ M$_\odot$ and a wide range of Hubble types. We use high-

T. Jayasinghe, K. Z. Stanek, C. S. Kochanek, B. J. Shappee

We characterize ${\sim} 71,200$ W UMa type (EW) contact binaries, including ${\sim} 12,600$ new discoveries, using ASAS-SN $V$-band all-sky light curves along with archival data from Gaia, 2MASS, AllWISE, LAMOST, GALAH, RAVE, and APOGEE. There is a clean break in the EW period-luminosity relation at $\rm \log (\rm P/d){\simeq}-0.30$, separating the longer pe

F. Mernier, N. Werner, K. Lakhchaura, J. de Plaa

Accurate chemical abundance measurements of X-ray emitting atmospheres pervading massive galaxies, galaxy groups, and clusters provide essential information on the star formation and chemical enrichment histories of these large scale structures. Although the collisionally ionised nature of the intracluster medium (ICM) makes these abundance measurements rela

Jenny E. Greene, Jay Strader, Luis C. Ho

We describe ongoing searches for intermediate-mass black holes with M_BH ~ 100-10^5 M_sun. We review a range of search mechanisms, both dynamical and those that rely on accretion signatures. We find that dynamical and accretion signatures alike point to a high fraction of 10^9-10^10 M_sun galaxies hosting black holes with M_BH<10^5 M_sun. In contrast, there

Jorge K. Barrera-Ballesteros, Dyas Utomo, Alberto D. Bolatto, Sebastián F. Sánchez

We present an empirical relation between the cold gas surface density ($\Sigma_{\rm gas}$) and the optical extinction (${\rm A_V}$) in a sample of 103 galaxies from the Extragalactic Database for Galaxy Evolution (EDGE) survey. This survey provides CARMA interferometric CO observations for 126 galaxies included in the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (C

Katherine Shepard, Douglas R. Gies, Kathryn V. Lester, Luqian Wang

Rapid rotation in massive stars imposes a latitudinal variation in the mass loss from radiatively driven winds that can lead to enhanced mass loss at the poles (with little angular momentum loss) and/or equator (with maximal angular momentum loss). Here we present an examination of the stellar wind lines of the two O-type stars with the fastest known equator

L. Cope, P. Garaud, C. P. Caulfield

We consider the dynamics of a vertically stratified, horizontally-forced Kolmogorov flow. Motivated by astrophysical systems where the Prandtl number is often asymptotically small, our focus is the little-studied limit of high Reynolds number but low P\'eclet number (which is defined to be the product of the Reynolds number and the Prandtl number). Through a

Anthony L. Piro, Shreyas Vissapragada

An intriguing, growing class of planets are the "super-puffs," objects with exceptionally large radii for their masses and thus correspondingly low densities ($\lesssim0.3\rm\,g\,cm^{-3}$). Here we consider whether they could have large inferred radii because they are in fact ringed. This would naturally explain why super-puffs have thus far only shown featu

Alexander Avdoshkin, Anatoly Dymarsky

We consider growth of local operators under Euclidean time evolution in lattice systems with local interactions. We derive rigorous bounds on the operator norm growth and then proceed to establish an analog of the Lieb-Robinson bound for the spatial growth. In contrast to the Minkowski case when ballistic spreading of operators is universal, in the Euclidean

Guy E. Blelloch, Yuanhao Wei

When designing concurrent algorithms, Load-Link/Store-Conditional (LL/SC) is often the ideal primitive to have because unlike Compare and Swap (CAS), LL/SC is immune to the ABA problem. However, the full semantics of LL/SC are not supported by any modern machine, so there has been a significant amount of work on simulations of LL/SC using Compare and Swap (C

G. Vasilopoulos, S. K. Lander, F. Koliopanos, C. D. Bailyn

In the current work we explore the applicability of standard theoretical models of accretion to the observed properties of M51 ULX-7. The spin-up rate and observed X-ray luminosity are evidence of a neutron star with a surface magnetic field of $2-7\times10^{13}$ G, rotating near equilibrium. Analysis of the X-ray light-curve of the system (Swift/XRT data) r

Justin Hom, Jennifer Patience, Thomas M. Esposito, Gaspard Duchêne

We present the first spatially resolved scattered-light images of four debris disks around members of the Scorpius-Centaurus (Sco-Cen) OB Association with high-contrast imaging and polarimetry using the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI). All four disks are resolved for the first time in polarized light and one disk is also detected in total intensity. The three dis

Ahmed Almheiri, Raghu Mahajan, Jorge E. Santos

It has been suggested in recent work that the Page curve of Hawking radiation can be recovered using computations in semi-classical gravity provided one allows for "islands" in the gravity region of quantum systems coupled to gravity. The explicit computations so far have been restricted to black holes in two-dimensional Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity. In this no

Cihang Xie, Mingxing Tan, Boqing Gong, Jiang Wang

Adversarial examples are commonly viewed as a threat to ConvNets. Here we present an opposite perspective: adversarial examples can be used to improve image recognition models if harnessed in the right manner. We propose AdvProp, an enhanced adversarial training scheme which treats adversarial examples as additional examples, to prevent overfitting. Key to o

Zhimin Cheryl Liu, Nina P. Inman, Thomas J. Carroll, Michael W. Noel

Rubidium Rydberg atoms in either $|m_j|$-sublevel of the $36p_{3/2}$ state can exchange energy via Stark-tuned F\"{o}rster resonances, including two-, three-, and four-body dipole-dipole interactions. Three-body interactions of this type were first reported and categorized by Faoro, \textit{et al.}~[Nat.\ Commun.\ \textbf{6}, 8173 (2015)] and their Borromean

Guillaume Aubrun, Ludovico Lami, Carlos Palazuelos, Martin Plavala

We solve a long-standing conjecture by Barker, proving that the minimal and maximal tensor products of two finite-dimensional proper cones coincide if and only if one of the two cones is generated by a linearly independent set. Here, given two proper cones $C_1$, $C_2$, their minimal tensor product is the cone generated by products of the form $x_1 \otimes x

Sabber Ahamed, Md Mesbah Uddin

Bayesian neural networks (BNN) are the probabilistic model that combines the strengths of both neural network (NN) and stochastic processes. As a result, BNN can combat overfitting and perform well in applications where data is limited. Earthquake rupture study is such a problem where data is insufficient, and scientists have to rely on many trial and error

Yunhui Guo, Yandong Li, Liqiang Wang, Tajana Rosing

There is an increasing number of pre-trained deep neural network models. However, it is still unclear how to effectively use these models for a new task. Transfer learning, which aims to transfer knowledge from source tasks to a target task, is an effective solution to this problem. Fine-tuning is a popular transfer learning technique for deep neural network

Andrey M. Stejko, Gustavo Guerrero, Alexander G. Kosovichev, Piotr K. Smolarkiewicz

Various models of solar subsurface stratification are tested in the global EULAG-MHD solver to simulate diverse regimes of near-surface convective transport. Sub- and superadiabacity are altered at the surface of the model ($ r > 0.95~R_{\odot}$) to either suppress or enhance convective flow speeds in an effort to investigate the impact of the near-surface l

Darryl D. Holm

Suppose the observations of Lagrangian trajectories for fluid flow in some physical situation can be modelled sufficiently accurately by a spatially correlated It\^o stochastic process (with zero mean) obtained from data which is taken in fixed Eulerian space. Suppose we also want to apply Hamilton's principle to derive the stochastic fluid equations for thi

Mike West

I overview recent research advances in Bayesian state-space modeling of multivariate time series. A main focus is on the decouple/recouple concept that enables application of state-space models to increasingly large-scale data, applying to continuous or discrete time series outcomes. The scope includes large-scale dynamic graphical models for forecasting and

Jing-Rong Wang, Wei Li, Chang-Jin Zhang

Influence of short-range four-fermion interactions on quadratic and cubic nodal line fermion systems is studied by renormalization group theory. It is found that arbitrarily weak four-fermion interaction could drive quadratic or cubic nodal line fermion system to a new phase. According to the initial conditions and value of fermion flavor, the system may app

Luiz A. Zanlorensi, Rayson Laroca, Eduardo Luz, Alceu S. Britto

The use of the iris and periocular region as biometric traits has been extensively investigated, mainly due to the singularity of the iris features and the use of the periocular region when the image resolution is not sufficient to extract iris information. In addition to providing information about an individual's identity, features extracted from these tra

Marvin Brun-Cosme-Bruny, Vincent Borne, Sylvain Faure, Bertrand Maury

When attracted by a stimulus (e. g. light), microswimmers can build up very densely at a constriction and thus cause clogging. The micro-alga \textit{Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii} is used here as a model system to study this phenomenon. Its negative phototaxis makes the algae swim away from a light source and go through a microfabricated bottleneck-shaped const

Siddharth Gururani, Kilol Gupta, Dhaval Shah, Zahra Shakeri

This paper presents a simple yet effective method to achieve prosody transfer from a reference speech signal to synthesized speech. The main idea is to incorporate well-known acoustic correlates of prosody such as pitch and loudness contours of the reference speech into a modern neural text-to-speech (TTS) synthesizer such as Tacotron2 (TC2). More specifical

M. Katsanikas, V. J. García-Garrido, S. Wiggins

Dynamical matching occurs in a variety of important organic chemical reactions. It is observed to be a result of a potential energy surface (PES) having specific geometric features. In particular, a region of relative flatness where entrance and exit to this region is controlled by index-one saddles. Examples of potential energy surfaces having these feature

C. Romaniega, M. Gadella, R. M. Id Betan, L. M. Nieto

We study a non-relativistic particle subject to a three-dimensional spherical potential consisting of a finite well and a radial $\delta$-$\delta'$ contact interaction at the well edge. This contact potential is defined by appropriate matching conditions for the radial functions, thereby fixing a self adjoint extension of the non-singular Hamiltonian. Since

Nati Linial, Michael Simkin

We describe a new random greedy algorithm for generating regular graphs of high girth: Let $k\geq 3$ and $c \in (0,1)$ be fixed. Let $n \in \mathbb{N}$ be even and set $g = c \log_{k-1} (n)$. Begin with a Hamilton cycle $G$ on $n$ vertices. As long as the smallest degree $\delta (G)<k$, choose, uniformly at random, two vertices $u,v \in V(G)$ of degree $\del

Marcin Kisielowski

Recently, a new class of scalar constraint operators has been introduced in loop quantum gravity. They are defined on a space of solutions to the Gauss constraint and partial solutions to the vector constraint, called a vertex Hilbert space. We propose a subspace of the vertex Hilbert space formed by homogeneous-isotropic states, which is invariant under the

Enrique Ruiz Arriola, Jose Enrique Amaro, Rodrigo Navarro Perez

Ab initio calculations in Nuclear physics for atomic nuclei require a specific knowledge of the interactions among their constituents, protons and neutrons. In particular, NN interactions can be constrained down to scale resolutions of $\Delta r \sim 0.6 {\rm fm}$ from the study of phase shifts below the pion production threshold. However, this allows for am

G. W. Paterson, A. A. Tereshchenko, S. Nakayama, Y. Kousaka

We consider the case of a chiral soliton lattice subjected to uniaxial elastic strain applied perpendicular to the chiral axis and derive through analytical modelling the phase diagram of magnetic states supported in the presence of an external magnetic field. The strain induced anisotropies give rise to three distinct non-trivial spin textures, depending on

M. Aker, K. Altenmüller, A. Beglarian, J. Behrens

The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino experiment (KATRIN) aims to determine the effective electron (anti)neutrino mass with a sensitivity of $0.2\textrm{ eV/c}^2$ (90$\%$ C.L.) by precisely measuring the endpoint region of the tritium $\beta$-decay spectrum. It uses a tandem of electrostatic spectrometers working as MAC-E (magnetic adiabatic collimation combined wi

Yiwen Pan, Wolfger Peelaers

In this note we address the question whether one can recover from the vertex operator algebra associated with a four-dimensional N=2 superconformal field theory the deformation quantization of the Higgs branch of vacua that appears as a protected subsector in the three-dimensional circle-reduced theory. We answer this question positively if the UV R-symmetri

Agelos Georgakopoulos, John Haslegrave

We introduce a process where a connected rooted multigraph evolves by splitting events on its vertices, occurring randomly in continuous time. When a vertex splits, its incoming edges are randomly assigned between its offspring and a Poisson random number of edges are added between them. The process is parametrised by a positive real $\lambda$ which governs

A. J. Gutknecht, L. Barnett

We show for the first time that, under the null hypothesis of vanishing Granger causality, the single-regression Granger-Geweke estimator converges to a generalised $\chi^2$ distribution, which may be well approximated by a $\Gamma$ distribution. We show that this holds too for Geweke's spectral causality averaged over a given frequency band, and derive expl

Mario Weitzer

This article introduces a new kind of number systems on $p$-adic integers which is inspired by the well-known $3n+1$ conjecture of Lothar Collatz. A $p$-adic system is a piecewise function on $\mathbb{Z}_p$ which has branches for all residue classes modulo $p$ and whose dynamics can be used to define digit expansions of $p$-adic integers which respect congru

Tom Fisher, Wei Ho, Jennifer Park

We prove that a positive proportion of hypersurfaces in products of projective spaces over $\mathbb{Q}$ are everywhere locally soluble, for almost all multidegrees and dimensions, as a generalization of a theorem of Poonen and Voloch. We also study the specific case of genus $1$ curves in $\mathbb{P}^1 \times \mathbb{P}^1$ defined over $\mathbb{Q}$, represen

D. J. Walton, C. Pinto, M. Nowak, M. Bachetti

We present results from the major coordinated X-ray observing program on the ULX NGC 1313 X-1 performed in 2017, combining $XMM$-$Newton$, $Chandra$ and $NuSTAR$, focusing on the evolution of the broadband ($\sim$0.3-30.0 keV) continuum emission. Clear and unusual spectral variability is observed, but this is markedly suppressed above $\sim$10-15 keV, qualit

Marco Bianucci, Mauro Bologna

More than fifty years ago, in a couple of seminal works Kubo introduced the important idea of generalized cumulants, extending to stochastic operators this concept, implicitly introduced by Laplace in 1810. Kubo's idea has been applied in several branches of physics, where the result of the average process is a Lioville operator or an effective time evolutio

Colin Cotter, Jacob Deasy, Tristan Pryer

In this work we introduce the r-Hunter-Saxton equation, a generalisation of the Hunter-Saxton equation arising as extremals of an action principle posed in L_r. We characterise solutions to the Cauchy problem, quantifying the blow-up time and studying various symmetry reductions. We construct piecewise linear functions and show that they are weak solutions t

K. Tucker, D. Barberena, R. J. Lewis-Swan, J. K. Thompson

We study the generation of spin-squeezing in arrays of long-lived dipoles subject to collective emission, coherent drive, elastic interactions, and spontaneous emission. Counter-intuitively, it is found that the introduction of spontaneous emission leads to an enhancement of the achievable spin-squeezing, relative to that which emerges in the steady-state of

Mario Garcia-Fernandez, Vamsi Pritham Pingali, Chengjian Yao

We give a complete solution to the existence problem for gravitating vortices with non-negative topological constant $c \geqslant 0$. Our first main result builds on previous results by Yang and establishes the existence of solutions to the Einstein-Bogomol'nyi equations, corresponding to $c=0$, in all admissible K\"ahler classes. Our second main result comp

Saad Farooq

This survey paper discusses different forms of malicious techniques that can affect how an information retrieval model retrieves documents for a query and their remedies.

Jan Veltmaat, Bodo Schwabe, Jens C. Niemeyer

We present zoom-in simulations of fuzzy dark matter (FDM) halos including baryons and star-formation with sufficient resolution to follow the formation and evolution of central solitons. We find that their properties are determined by the local dark matter velocity dispersion in the combined dark matter-baryon gravitational potential. This motivates a simple

Guang-Juan Wang, Li-Ye Xiao, Rui Chen, Xiao-Hai Liu

The $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$, and $P_c(4457)$ observed by the LHCb Collaboration are very likely to be $S$-wave $\Sigma_c\bar{D}^{(*)}$ molecular candidates due to their near-threshold character. In this work, we study the hidden-charm decay modes of these $P_c$ states, $P_c\to J/\psi p(\eta_cp)$, using a quark interchange model. The decay mechanism for the

G. A. Muro-Arena, M. Benisty, C. Ginski, C. Dominik

Shadows in scattered light images of protoplanetary disks are a common feature and support the presence of warps or misalignments between disk regions. These warps are possibly due to an inclined (sub-)stellar companion embedded in the disk. We study the morphology of the protoplanetary disk around the Herbig Ae star HD 139614 based on the first scattered li

Sheldon Dantas, Petr Hájek, Tommaso Russo

In the first part of our paper, we show that $\ell_\infty$ has a dense linear subspace which admits an equivalent real analytic norm. As a corollary, every separable Banach space, as well as $\ell_1(\mathfrak{c})$, also has a dense linear subspace which admits an analytic renorming. By contrast, no dense subspace of $c_0(\omega_1)$ admits an analytic norm. I

Jai Kwan Bae, Alice Galdi, Luca Cultrera, Frank Ikponmwen

Negative Electron Affinity (NEA) activated surfaces are required to extract highly spin polarized electron beams from GaAs-based photocathodes, but they suffer extreme sensitivity to poor vacuum conditions that results in rapid degradation of quantum efficiency. We report on series of unconventional NEA activations on surfaces of bulk GaAs with Cs, Sb, and O

Amir Darabi, Manuel Collet, Michael J Leamy

A substantial challenge in guiding elastic waves is the presence of reflection and scattering at sharp edges, defects, and disorders. Recently, mechanical topological insulators have sought to overcome this challenge by supporting back-scattering resistant wave transmission. In this Letter, we propose and experimentally demonstrate the first \emph{reconfigur

Robinjeet Singh, Thomas P. Purdy

Nanomechanical systems are generally embedded in a macroscopic environment where the sources of thermal noise are difficult to pinpoint. We engineer a silicon nitride membrane optomechanical resonator such that its thermal noise is acoustically driven by a spatially well-defined remote macroscopic bath. This bath acts as an acoustic blackbody emitting and ab

Guilherme Lima, Rodrigo Costa, Marcio Ferreira Moreno

In this chapter, we give an introduction to symbolic artificial intelligence (AI) and discuss its relation and application to multimedia. We begin by defining what symbolic AI is, what distinguishes it from non-symbolic approaches, such as machine learning, and how it can used in the construction of advanced multimedia applications. We then introduce descrip

Aryabrata Basu

In this article, we are going to review a brief history of the field of Virtual Reality (VR), VR systems, and applications and discuss how they evolved. After that, we will familiarize ourselves with the essential components of VR experiences and common VR terminology. Finally, we discuss the evolution of ubiquitous VR as a subfield of VR and its current tre

Pablo F. de Salas

The Standard Cosmological Model predicts the existence of relic neutrinos, which are indirectly probed through the effective number of relativistic species in the early Universe. In addition, from neutrino flavour oscillations we know that at least two of the neutrino mass states have a non-zero mass. Since the expansion of the Universe has diluted the energ

David Harwath, Wei-Ning Hsu, James Glass

In this paper, we present a method for learning discrete linguistic units by incorporating vector quantization layers into neural models of visually grounded speech. We show that our method is capable of capturing both word-level and sub-word units, depending on how it is configured. What differentiates this paper from prior work on speech unit learning is t

Yoichiro Tsurimaki, Xin Qian, Simo Pajovic, Fei Han

The equality between the spectral, directional emittance and absorptance of an object under local thermal equilibrium is known as Kirchhoff's law of radiation. The breakdown of Kirchhoff's law of radiation is physically allowed by breaking time reversal symmetry and can open opportunities for nonreciprocal light emitters and absorbers. Large anomalous Hall c

Colin Cooper, Alan Frieze, Wesley Pegden

Let $\mathbf{A}_{n,m;k}$ be a random $n \times m$ matrix with entries from some field $\mathbb{F}$ where there are exactly $k$ non-zero entries in each column, whose locations are chosen independently and uniformly at random from the set of all ${n \choose k}$ possibilities. In a previous paper (arXiv:1806.04988), we considered the rank of a random matrix in

Christian Pedersen, Andreu Font-Ribera, Thomas D. Kitching, Patrick McDonald

Using a suite of hydrodynamical simulations with cold dark matter, baryons, and neutrinos, we present a detailed study of the effect of massive neutrinos on the 1-D and 3-D flux power spectra of the Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) forest. The presence of massive neutrinos in cosmology induces a scale- and time-dependent suppression of structure formation that is

Thomas Streicher, Jonathan Weinberger

As observed recently by various people the topos $\mathbf{sSet}$ of simplicial sets appears as essential subtopos of a topos $\mathbf{cSet}$ of cubical sets, namely presheaves over the category $\mathbf{FL}$ of finite lattices and monotone maps between them. The latter is a variant of the cubical model of type theory due to Cohen et al. for the purpose of pr

P. C. Bruns, A. Cieplý

We critically examine the $\bar{K}N$ coupled-channel approach presented in [1] and demonstrate that it violates constraints imposed by chiral symmetry of QCD. The origin of this violation can be traced back to the off-shell treatment of the chiral-effective vertices, in combination with the use of non-relativistic approximations and the chosen regularization

Arindam Sengupta, Feng Jin, Renyuan Zhang, Siyang Cao

In this paper, mm-Pose, a novel approach to detect and track human skeletons in real-time using an mmWave radar, is proposed. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first method to detect >15 distinct skeletal joints using mmWave radar reflection signals. The proposed method would find several applications in traffic monitoring systems, autonomou

Roie Dann, Ander Tobalina, Ronnie Kosloff

We present a control scheme for quantum systems coupled to a thermal bath. We demonstrate state-to-state control between two Gibbs states. This scheme can be used to accelerate thermalization and cool the open system. Starting from a microscopic description, we derive the reduced system dynamics, leading to a non-adiabatic master equation. The equation conta

J. Smits, A. P. Mosk, P. van der Straten

We present a dispersive imaging method for trapped quantum gases based on digital off-axis holography. Both phase delay and intensity of the probe field are determined from the same image. Due to the heterodyne gain inherent to the holographic method it is possible to retrieve the phase delay induced by the atoms at probe beam doses two orders of magnitude l

Sara Murciano, Giuseppe Di Giulio, Pasquale Calabrese

We study the symmetry resolved entanglement entropies in gapped integrable lattice models. We use the corner transfer matrix to investigate two prototypical gapped systems with a U(1) symmetry: the complex harmonic chain and the XXZ spin-chain. While the former is a free bosonic system, the latter is genuinely interacting. We focus on a subsystem being half

Micky Faas, Matthijs van Leeuwen

We introduce geometric pattern mining, the problem of finding recurring local structure in discrete, geometric matrices. It differs from existing pattern mining problems by identifying complex spatial relations between elements, resulting in arbitrarily shaped patterns. After we formalise this new type of pattern mining, we propose an approach to selecting a

Subramanya Hegde, Bindusar Sahoo

We will use the covariant superform approach to develop a new density formula for $\mathcal{N}=2$ conformal supergravity which is based on a fermionic multiplet whose lowest component is a dimension-5/2 spinor. We will show that this density formula admits an embedding of the real scalar multiplet of [arXiv:1712.02309]. Upon using the embedding of the tensor

Xuan Zhang, Dennis P. M. van Gils, Susanne Horn, Marcel Wedi

For rapidly rotating turbulent Rayleigh--B\'enard convection in a slender cylindrical cell, experiments and direct numerical simulations reveal a boundary zonal flow (BZF) that replaces the classical large-scale circulation. The BZF is located near the vertical side wall and enables enhanced heat transport there. Although the azimuthal velocity of the BZF is

Daniel Babik, Roberto Röll, David Helten, Michael Fleischhauer

The implementation of the fractional quantum Hall effect in ultracold atomic quantum gases remains, despite substantial advances in the field, a major challenge. Since atoms are electrically neutral, a key ingredient is the generation of sufficiently strong artificial gauge fields. Here we theoretically investigate the synthetization of such fields for boson

E. Kara, C. Pinto, D. J. Walton, W. N. Alston

Ultraluminous X-ray Sources (ULXs) provide a unique opportunities to probe the geometry and energetics of super-Eddington accretion. The radiative processes involved in super-Eddington accretion are not well understood, and so studying correlated variability between different energy bands can provide insights into the causal connection between different emit

Riquan Chen, Tianshui Chen, Xiaolu Hui, Hefeng Wu

Few-shot learning aims to learn novel categories from very few samples given some base categories with sufficient training samples. The main challenge of this task is the novel categories are prone to dominated by color, texture, shape of the object or background context (namely specificity), which are distinct for the given few training samples but not comm

Tobias Haug, Rainer Dumke, Leong-Chuan Kwek, Christian Miniatura

The design, accurate preparation and manipulation of quantum states in quantum circuits are essential operational tasks at the heart of quantum technologies. Nowadays, circuits can be designed with physical parameters that can be controlled with unprecedented accuracy and flexibility. However, the generation of well-controlled current states is still a naggi

Gordon MacDonald, Andrew Godbout, Bryn Gillcash, Stephanie Cairns

We propose a novel approach to addressing the vanishing (or exploding) gradient problem in deep neural networks. We construct a new architecture for deep neural networks where all layers (except the output layer) of the network are a combination of rotation, permutation, diagonal, and activation sublayers which are all volume preserving. Our approach replace

Vivek Saxena

We carry out a detailed exploration of the deformations of rank-two five-dimensional superconformal field theories (SCFTs) $\mathcal{T}_{\mathbf{X}}$, which are geometrically engineered by M-theory on the space transverse to isolated toric Calabi-Yau (CY) threefold singularities $\mathbf{X}$. Deformations of 5d $\mathcal{N}=1$ SCFTs can lead to "gauge-theory

L. Löbling, M. A. Maney, T. Rauch, P. Quinet

We have identified 484 lines of the trans-iron elements (TIEs) Zn, Ga, Ge, Se, Br, Kr, Sr, Zr, Mo, In, Te, I, Xe, and Ba, for the first time in the ultraviolet spectrum of a DAO-type WD, namely BD$-22{^\circ}3467$, surrounded by the ionized nebula Abell 35. Our TIE abundance determination shows extremely high overabundances of up to five dex -- a similar eff

L. J Zenocratti, M. E. De Rossi, M. A. Lara-López, T. Theuns

The metallicity of star-forming gas in galaxies from the EAGLE simulations increases with stellar mass. Here we investigate whether the scatter around this relation correlates with morphology and/or stellar kinematics. At redshift $z=0$, galaxies with more rotational support have lower metallicities on average when the stellar mass is below $M_\star\approx 1

A. V. Kotikov

We present a nonlinear modification of the evolution of the gluon density, obtained at small x from the Berger-Block-Tan form of the deep inelastic structure function F2 in the leading order of perturbation theory.

Svante Janson

Consider a P\'olya urn with balls of several colours, where balls are drawn sequentially and each drawn ball immediately is replaced together with a fixed number of balls of the same colour. It is well-known that the proportions of balls of the different colours converge in distribution to a Dirichlet distribution. We show that the rate of convergence is $\T

C. Pinto, D. J. Walton, E. Kara, M. L. Parker

Most ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are thought to be powered by neutron stars and black holes accreting beyond the Eddington limit. If the compact object is a black hole or a neutron star with a magnetic field $\lesssim10^{12}$ G, the accretion disc is expected to thicken and launch powerful winds driven by radiation pressure. Evidence of such winds has

Kun Shi, Guangcun Lu

Motivated by Pazit Haim-Kislev's combinatorial formula for the Ekeland-Hofer-Zehnder capacities of convex polytopes, we give corresponding formulas for $\Psi$-Ekeland-Hofer-Zehnder and coisotropic Ekeland-Hofer-Zehnder capacities of convex polytopes introduced by the second named author and others recently. Contrary to Pazit Haim-Kislev's subadditivity resul

Cassie Meeker, Maximilian Haas-Heger, Matei Ciocarlie

Teleoperation is a valuable tool for robotic manipulators in highly unstructured environments. However, finding an intuitive mapping between a human hand and a non-anthropomorphic robot hand can be difficult, due to the hands' dissimilar kinematics. In this paper, we seek to create a mapping between the human hand and a fully actuated, non-anthropomorphic ro

Achillefs Tzioufas

We study nearest-neighbors branching random walks started from a point at the interior of a hypercube. We show that the probability that the process escapes the hypercube is monotonically decreasing with respect to the distance of its starting point from the boundary. We derive as a consequence that at all times the number of particles at a site is monotonic

Andréas Sundström, Laurent Gremillet, Evangelos Siminos, István Pusztai

The creation of well-thermalized, hot and dense plasmas is attractive for warm dense matter studies. We investigate collisionally induced energy absorption of an ultraintense and ultrashort laser pulse in a solid copper target using particle-in-cell simulations. We find that, upon irradiation by a $2\times10^{20}{\rm\,W\,cm^{-2}}$ intensity, $60{\rm\,fs}$ du

Jed A. Duersch, Thomas A. Catanach

Information theory provides a mathematical foundation to measure uncertainty in belief. Belief is represented by a probability distribution that captures our understanding of an outcome's plausibility. Information measures based on Shannon's concept of entropy include realization information, Kullback-Leibler divergence, Lindley's information in experiment,

M. C. Ramírez-Tannus, J. Poorta, A. Bik, L. Kaper

Context: The identification and characterisation of populations of young massive stars in (giant) HII regions provides important constraints on i) the formation process of massive stars and their early feedback on the environment, and ii) the initial conditions for population synthesis models predicting the evolution of ensembles of stars. Aims: We identify

Huyuan Chen, Gilles Evéquoz, Tobias Weth

We study a stationary scattering problem related to the nonlinear Helmholtz equation $-\Delta u - k^2 u = f(x,u) \ \ \text{in $\mathbb{R}^N$,}$ where $N \ge 3$ and $k>0$. For a given incident free wave $\varphi \in L^\infty(\mathbb{R}^N)$, we prove the existence of complex-valued solutions of the form $u=\varphi+u_{\text{sc}}$, where $u_{\text{sc}}$ satisfie

A. Carbognani, D. Barghini, D. Gardiol, M. di Martino

On May 30th, 2017 at about 21h 09m 17s UTC a green bright fireball crossed the sky of north-eastern Italy. The fireball path was observed from some all-sky cameras starting from a mean altitude of $81.1 \pm 0.2$ km (Lat. $44.369^{\circ} \pm 0.002^{\circ}$ N; Long. $11.859^{\circ} \pm 0.002^{\circ}$ E) and extinct at $23.3 \pm 0.2$ km (Lat. $45.246^{\circ} \p

Pedro H. C. Avelar, Anderson R. Tavares, Marco Gori, Luis C. Lamb

In this paper we propose the use of continuous residual modules for graph kernels in Graph Neural Networks. We show how both discrete and continuous residual layers allow for more robust training, being that continuous residual layers are those which are applied by integrating through an Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) solver to produce their output. We

P. Khuntia, M. Velazquez, Q. Barthélemy, F. Bert

Spin liquids are exotic phases of quantum matter challenging Landau's paradigm of symmetry-breaking phase transitions. Despite strong exchange interactions, spins do not order or freeze down to zero temperature. While well-established for 1D quantum antiferromagnets, in higher dimension where quantum fluctuations are less acute, realizing and understanding s

Tianjun Li, Junle Pei, Fangzhou Xu, Wenxing Zhang

We propose the $SU(3)_C\times SU(3)_L\times U(1)_X$ model arising from $SU(6)$ breaking. One family of the Standard Model (SM) fermions arises from two $\bar{6}$ representations and one $15$ representation of $SU(6)$ gauge symmetry. To break the $SU(3)_C\times SU(3)_L\times U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry down to the SM, we introduce three $SU(3)_L$ triplet Higgs fie

Winfried Hochstättler, Johanna Wiehe

An acyclic coloring of a digraph as defined by Neumann-Lara is a vertex-coloring such that no monochromatic directed cycles occur. Counting the number of such colorings with $k$ colors can be done by counting so-called Neumann-Lara-coflows (NL-coflows), which build a polynomial in $k$. We will present a representation of this polynomial using totally cyclic

Meng Cai, Siqing Gan, Xiaojie Wang

We discretize the stochastic Allen-Cahn equation with additive noise by means of a spectral Galerkin method in space and a tamed version of the exponential Euler method in time. The resulting error bounds are analyzed for the spatio-temporal full discretization in both strong and weak senses. Different from existing works, we develop a new and direct approac

Saaketh Desai, Samuel Temple Reeve, Karthik Guda Vishnu, Alejandro Strachan

We explore the possibilities and limitations of using a coherent second phase to engineer the thermo-mechanical properties of a martensitic alloy by modifying the underlying free energy landscape that controls the transformation. We use molecular dynamics simulations of a model atomistic system where the properties of a coherent, nanoscale second phase can b

T. Dauxois, T. Peacock, P. Bauer, C. P. Caulfield

Environmental fluid mechanics underlies a wealth of natural, industrial and, by extension, societal challenges. In the coming decades, as we strive towards a more sustainable planet, there are a wide range of grand challenge problems that need to be tackled, ranging from fundamental advances in understanding and modeling of stratified turbulence and conseque

Xiaomei Gao, Lechen Yang, Hao Lin, Lang Zhang

Cavity design is crucial for single-mode semiconductor lasers such as the distributed feedback (DFB) and vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL). By recognizing that both optical resonators feature a single mid-gap mode localized at the topological defect in a one-dimensional (1D) lattice, we generalize the topological cavity design into 2D using a h