March 2020 arXiv papers — page 36

Tanmay Kumar Poddar, Subhendra Mohanty

Rotating neutron star or pulsar can be a possible source of pseudo Nambu Goldstone bosons or axions which can mediate long range axionic hair outside of the pulsar. When the electromagnetic radiation is emitted from pulsar and passes through the long range axion hair, the axion rotates the polarization of the electromagnetic radiation and produces birefringe

Goutam Bhat, Martin Danelljan, Luc Van Gool, Radu Timofte

Current state-of-the-art trackers only rely on a target appearance model in order to localize the object in each frame. Such approaches are however prone to fail in case of e.g. fast appearance changes or presence of distractor objects, where a target appearance model alone is insufficient for robust tracking. Having the knowledge about the presence and loca

Pietro Astolfi, Ruben Verhagen, Laurent Petit, Emanuele Olivetti

Tractograms are virtual representations of the white matter fibers of the brain. They are of primary interest for tasks like presurgical planning, and investigation of neuroplasticity or brain disorders. Each tractogram is composed of millions of fibers encoded as 3D polylines. Unfortunately, a large portion of those fibers are not anatomically plausible and

Joonas Turunen

We provide a framework to study the interfaces imposed by Dobrushin boundary conditions on the half-plane version of the Ising model on random triangulations with spins on vertices. Using the combinatorial solution by Albenque, M\'enard and Schaeffer ([2]) and the generating function methods introduced by Chen and Turunen ([8], [9]), we show the local weak c

V. J. Dowling, V. A. Slipko, Y. V. Pershin

The possibility of using non-deterministic circuit components has been gaining significant attention in recent years. The modeling and simulation of their circuits require novel approaches, as now the state of a circuit at an arbitrary moment in time cannot be precisely predicted. Generally, these circuits should be described in terms of probabilities, the c

Nicolas Behr, Reiko Heckel, Maryam Ghaffari Saadat

Graph transformation theory relies upon the composition of rules to express the effects of sequences of rules. In practice, graphs are often subject to constraints, ruling out many candidates for composed rules. Focusing on the case of sesqui-pushout (SqPO) semantics, we develop a number of alternative strategies for computing compositions, each theoreticall

Sara Khosravi, Hossein S. Ghadikolaei, Marina Petrova

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication is considered as a key enabler of ultra-high data rates in the future cellular and wireless networks. The need for directional communication between base stations (BSs) and users in mmWave systems, that is achieved through beamforming, increases the complexity of the channel estimation. Moreover, in order to provide bet

Gabriele Amorosino, Denis Peruzzo, Pietro Astolfi, Daniela Redaelli

Brains with complex distortion of cerebral anatomy present several challenges to automatic tissue segmentation methods of T1-weighted MR images. First, the very high variability in the morphology of the tissues can be incompatible with the prior knowledge embedded within the algorithms. Second, the availability of MR images of distorted brains is very scarce

Giuseppe Antonacci, Jeroen Goyvaerts, Haolan Zhao, Bettina Baumgartner

Portable and cost-effective gas sensors are gaining demand for a number of environmental, biomedical and industrial applications, yet current devices are confined into specialized labs and cannot be extended to general use. Here, we demonstrate a part-per-billion-sensitive refractive index gas sensor on a photonic chip based on silicon nitride waveguides fun

Gabriele Carcassi, Lorenzo Maccone, Christine A. Aidala

The tensor product postulate of quantum mechanics states that the Hilbert space of a composite system is the tensor product of the components' Hilbert spaces. All current formalizations of quantum mechanics that do not contain this postulate contain some equivalent postulate or assumption (sometimes hidden). Here we give a natural definition of composite sys

Paul Melotti, Sanjay Ramassamy, Paul Thévenin

We characterize the topological configurations of points and lines that may arise when placing n points on a circle and drawing the n perpendicular bisectors of the sides of the corresponding convex cyclic n-gon. We also provide exact and asymptotic formulas describing a random realizable configuration, obtained either by sampling the points uniformly at ran

Mohd. Hafiz Hasan, Pascal Van Hentenryck

In zone-based evacuation planning, the region to evacuate is divided into zones and each zone must be assigned a path to safety and departure times along the path. Zone-based evacuations are highly desirable in practice because they allow emergency services to communicate evacuation orders and to control the evacuation more accurately. Zone-based evacuations

Josue Page, Federico Saltarin, Yury Belyaev, Ruth Lyck

We present a novel deep learning approach to reconstruct confocal microscopy stacks from single light field images. To perform the reconstruction, we introduce the LFMNet, a novel neural network architecture inspired by the U-Net design. It is able to reconstruct with high-accuracy a 112x112x57.6$\mu m^3$ volume (1287x1287x64 voxels) in 50ms given a single l

F. AL-Tam, N. Correia, J. Rodriguez

Network management tools are usually inherited from one generation to another. This was successful since these tools have been kept in check and updated regularly to fit new networking goals and service requirements. Unfortunately, new networking services will render this approach obsolete and handcrafting new tools or upgrading the current ones may lead to

M. Chatzakou, Y. Sarantopoulos

In this work, we discuss generalizations of the classical Bernstein and Markov type inequalities for polynomials and we present some new inequalities for the $k$th Fr\'echet derivative of homogeneous polynomials on real and complex $L_{p}(\mu)$ spaces. We also give applications to homogeneous polynomials and symmetric multilinear mappings in $L_{p}(\mu)$ spa

Maxime Mulamba, Jayanta Mandi, Rocsildes Canoy, Tias Guns

There is an increased interest in solving complex constrained problems where part of the input is not given as facts but received as raw sensor data such as images or speech. We will use "visual sudoku" as a prototype problem, where the given cell digits are handwritten and provided as an image thereof. In this case, one first has to train and use a classifi

Victor Snaith

This is a sequel to the author's book "Derived Langlands" which introduced an embedding of the category of admissible representations of a locally p-adic group in to the derived category of the monomial category of the group. This article gives a reformulation in terms of the hyperHecke algebra and relates this viewpoint to a number of topics, including the

Kévin Garanger, Isaac del Valle, Miriam Rath, Matthew Krajewski

During the last decade, tensegrity systems have been the focus of numerous investigations exploring the possibility of adopting them for planetary landing and exploration applications. Early approaches mainly focused on locomotion aspects related to tensegrity systems, where mobility was achieved by actuating the cable members of the system. Later efforts fo

Artur Strzelecki

The recent emergence of a new coronavirus, COVID-19, has gained extensive coverage in public media and global news. As of 24 March 2020, the virus has caused viral pneumonia in tens of thousands of people in Wuhan, China, and thousands of cases in 184 other countries and territories. This study explores the potential use of Google Trends (GT) to monitor worl

J. Adolfsson, A. Andronic, C. Bierlich, P. Bozek

This paper is a write-up of the ideas that were presented, developed and discussed at the third International Workshop on QCD Challenges from pp to A-A, which took place in August 2019 in Lund, Sweden. The goal of the workshop was to focus on some of the open questions in the field and try to come up with concrete suggestions for how to make progress on both

Vahagn Aslanyan, Sebastian Eterović, Jonathan Kirby

We prove the Existential Closedness conjecture for the differential equation of the $j$-function and its derivatives. It states that in a differentially closed field certain equations involving the differential equation of the $j$-function have solutions. Its consequences include a complete axiomatisation of $j$-reducts of differentially closed fields, a dic

Jiakun Pan

We prove an asymptotic formula expressing the regularized fourth moment of all newform Eisenstein series of primitive nebentypus as a mean value of $L$-functions. This is an analogue of the recent work of Djankovi\'c and Khan in the spectral aspect.

Daniel González-Cuadra, Alexandre Dauphin, Przemysław R. Grzybowski, Maciej Lewenstein

We study the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ Bose-Hubbard model at incommensurate densities, which describes a one-dimensional system of interacting bosons whose tunneling is dressed by a dynamical $\mathbb{Z}_2$ field. At commensurate densities, the model is known to host intertwined topological phases, where long-range order coexists with non-trivial topological properties

Per Moosavi

We propose the Luttinger model with finite-range interactions as a simple tractable example in 1+1 dimensions to analytically study the emergence of Euler-scale hydrodynamics in a quantum many-body system. This non-local Luttinger model is an exactly solvable quantum field theory somewhere between conformal and Bethe-ansatz integrable models. Applying the re

Yunfeng Cai, Ping Li

We consider the problem of robust matrix completion, which aims to recover a low rank matrix $L_*$ and a sparse matrix $S_*$ from incomplete observations of their sum $M=L_*+S_*\in\mathbb{R}^{m\times n}$. Algorithmically, the robust matrix completion problem is transformed into a problem of solving a system of nonlinear equations, and the alternative directi

Thomas Choi, François Rottenberg, Jorge Gomez-Ponce, Akshay Ramesh

Estimating downlink (DL) channel state information (CSI) in frequency division duplex (FDD) massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems generally requires downlink pilots and feedback overheads. Accordingly, this paper investigates the feasibility of zero-feedback FDD massive MIMO systems based on channel extrapolation. We use the high-resolution paramet

K. Bennaceur, J. Dobaczewski, T. Haverinen, M. Kortelainen

We developed new parameterizations of local regularized finite-range pseudopotentials up to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO), used as generators of nuclear density functionals. When supplemented with zero-range spin-orbit and density-dependent terms, they provide a correct single-reference description of binding energies and radii of spherical an

Bernd Meyer-Hoppe, Maximilian Baron, Christophe Cassens, Fabian Anders

The generation and manipulation of ultracold atomic ensembles in the quantum regime require the application of dynamically controllable microwave fields with ultra-low noise performance. Here, we present a low-phase-noise microwave source with two independently controllable output paths. Both paths generate frequencies in the range of $6.835\,$GHz $\pm$ $25\

Floris Vermeulen

In this article we prove several new uniform upper bounds on the number of points of bounded height on varieties over $\mathbb{F}_q[t]$. For projective curves, we prove the analogue of Walsh' result with polynomial dependence on $q$ and the degree $d$ of the curve. For affine curves, this yields an improvement to bounds by Sedunova, and Cluckers, Forey and L

Cong Gao, Xingtong Liu, Wenhao Gu, Benjamin Killeen

Differentiable rendering is a technique to connect 3D scenes with corresponding 2D images. Since it is differentiable, processes during image formation can be learned. Previous approaches to differentiable rendering focus on mesh-based representations of 3D scenes, which is inappropriate for medical applications where volumetric, voxelized models are used to

Yannick Meurice

We show that standard identities and theorems for lattice models with $U(1)$ symmetry get re-expressed discretely in the tensorial formulation of these models. We explain the geometrical analogy between the continuous lattice equations of motion and the discrete selection rules of the tensors. We construct a gauge-invariant transfer matrix in arbitrary dimen

Kui Jiang, Zhongyuan Wang, Peng Yi, Chen Chen

Rain streaks in the air appear in various blurring degrees and resolutions due to different distances from their positions to the camera. Similar rain patterns are visible in a rain image as well as its multi-scale (or multi-resolution) versions, which makes it possible to exploit such complementary information for rain streak representation. In this work, w

Nicolas Addington, Franco Giovenzana

For the irreducible holomorphic symplectic eightfold Z associated to a cubic fourfold Y not containing a plane, we show that a natural Abel-Jacobi map from H^4_prim(Y) to H^2_prim(Z) is a Hodge isometry. We describe the full H^2(Z) in terms of the Mukai lattice of the K3 category A of Y. We give numerical conditions for Z to be birational to a moduli space o

Rohan Chabra, Jan Eric Lenssen, Eddy Ilg, Tanner Schmidt

Efficiently reconstructing complex and intricate surfaces at scale is a long-standing goal in machine perception. To address this problem we introduce Deep Local Shapes (DeepLS), a deep shape representation that enables encoding and reconstruction of high-quality 3D shapes without prohibitive memory requirements. DeepLS replaces the dense volumetric signed d

F. Pintore, A. Giuliani, A. Belfiore, A. Paizis

ASTRI is a project aiming at the realization of a gamma-ray imaging Cherenkov telescope that observes the sky in the TeV band. Recently, the development of a mini-array (MA) of ASTRI telescopes has been funded by the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica. The ASTRI Comprehensive Data Challenge (ACDC) project aims at optimizing the scientific exploitation and ana

Shuang Li, Qiuwei Li, Zhihui Zhu, Gongguo Tang

Low-rank matrix recovery is a fundamental problem in signal processing and machine learning. A recent very popular approach to recovering a low-rank matrix X is to factorize it as a product of two smaller matrices, i.e., X = UV^T, and then optimize over U, V instead of X. Despite the resulting non-convexity, recent results have shown that many factorized obj

Hongjie Dong, Zongyuan Li

We consider the mixed Dirichlet-conormal problem on irregular domains in $\mathbb{R}^d$. Two types of regularity results will be discussed: the $W^{1,p}$ regularity and a non-tangential maximal function estimate. The domain is assumed to be Reifenberg-flat, and the interfacial boundary is either Reifenberg-flat of co-dimension $2$ or is locally sufficiently

James F. Lutsko, Julien Lam

Recent theories of nucleation that go beyond Classical Nucleation Theory predict that diffusion-limited nucleation of both liquid droplets and of crystals from a low-density vapor (or weak solution) begins with long-wavelength density fluctuations. This means that in the early stages of nucleation, 'clusters' can have low density but large spatial extent, wh

Stefan Lörcks

The simple pairwise comparison is a method to provide different criteria with weights. We show that the values of those weights (in particular the maximum) depend just on the number of criteria. Additionally, it is shown that the distance between the weights is always the same. ----- Der einfache paarweise Vergleich ist ein Verfahren verschiedene Kriterien m

Jonathan Chapman

We consider systems of $n$ diagonal equations in $k$th powers. Our main result shows that if the coefficient matrix of such a system is sufficiently non-singular, then the system is partition regular if and only if it satisfies Rado's columns condition. Furthermore, if the system also admits constant solutions, then we prove that the system has non-trivial s

Xue-She Wang, Samuel A. Moore, James D. Turner, Brian P. Mann

Understanding the basins of attraction (BoA) is often a paramount consideration for nonlinear systems. Most existing approaches to determining a high-resolution BoA require prior knowledge of the system's dynamical model (e.g., differential equation or point mapping for continuous systems, cell mapping for discrete systems, etc.), which allows derivation of

Eduardo A. Barros de Moraes, Hadi Salehi, Mohsen Zayernouri

Failure in brittle materials led by the evolution of micro- to macro-cracks under repetitive or increasing loads is often catastrophic with no significant plasticity to advert the onset of fracture. Early failure detection with respective location are utterly important features in any practical application, both of which can be effectively addressed using ar

Maxwell T. Hansen, Fernando Romero-López, Stephen R. Sharpe

We present a generalization of the relativistic, finite-volume, three-particle quantization condition for non-identical pions in isosymmetric QCD. The resulting formalism allows one to use discrete finite-volume energies, determined using lattice QCD, to constrain scattering amplitudes for all possible values of two- and three-pion isospin. As for the case o

QingMu Su, JingJing Xiao, XuanHe Yu, iang Chen

In order to more accurately predict the pedestrian flow and understand the interactive relationship between tourist space and pedestrians, this paper uses spatial syntax and neural network methods to construct an evaluation model of tourist road congestion. This model makes full use of the advantages of neural network method and spatial syntax. For example,

Thinh T. Doan, Lam M. Nguyen, Nhan H. Pham, Justin Romberg

Motivated by broad applications in reinforcement learning and machine learning, this paper considers the popular stochastic gradient descent (SGD) when the gradients of the underlying objective function are sampled from Markov processes. This Markov sampling leads to the gradient samples being biased and not independent. The existing results for the converge

Mufeng Liu, Ian A. Kinloch, Robert J. Young, Dimitrios G. Papageorgiou

The biaxial mechanical properties constitute another remarkable advantage of graphene, but their evaluation has been overlooked in polymer nanocomposites. Herein, we provided an innovative and practical method to characterise biaxial reinforcement from graphene via swelling of elastomers, where graphene nanoplatelets were controlled to be oriented in-plane.

Joel F. Campbell, Bing Lin, Michael D. Obland, Jeremy Dobler

We present an evaluation of airborne Intensity-Modulated Continuous-Wave (IM-CW) lidar measurements of atmospheric column CO2 mole fractions during the ACT-America project. This lidar system transmits online and offline wavelengths simultaneously on the 1.57111-um CO2 absorption line, with each modulated wavelength using orthogonal swept frequency waveforms.

Hualei Sun, Xiaodong Li, Yazhou Zhou, Jia Yu

We report a comprehensive study of the spin ladder compound BaFe$_2$S$_{2.5}$Se$_{0.5}$ using neutron diffraction, inelastic neutron scattering, high pressure synchrotron diffraction, and high pressure transport techniques. We find that BaFe$_2$S$_{2.5}$Se$_{0.5}$ possesses the same $Cmcm$ structure and stripe antiferromagnetic order as does BaFe$_2$S$_3$, b

David Kofroň

The Teukolsky master equation -- a fundamental equation for test fields of any spin, or perturbations, in type D spacetimes -- is classically treated in its separated form. Then the solutions representing even the simplest sources -- point particles -- are expressed in terms of series. The only known exception is a static particle (charge or mass) in the vic

I. O. Chernyavskii, S. E. Nikitin, Y. A. Onykiienko, D. S. Inosov

We report an optimized chemical vapor transport method, which allows growing FeP single crystals up to 500 mg in mass and 80 $mm^{3}$ in volume. The high quality of the crystals obtained by this method was confirmed by means of EDX, high-resolution TEM, low-temperature single crystal XRD and neutron diffraction experiments. We investigated the transport and

Kannan Lu, Deepak Sapkota, Lisa DeBeer-Schmitt, Yan Wu

The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction is present in the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) magnets of form $M_{1/3}T$S$_{2}$ ($M$ $=$ 3d transition metal, $T$ $\in$ {Nb, Ta}), given that the intercalants $M$ form $\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$ superlattices within the structure of the parent materials $T$S$_2$ and break the centrosymmetry. Competition be

Mufeng Liu, Suhao Li, Ian A. Kinloch, Robert J. Young

A comprehensive study has been undertaken on the dimensional swelling of graphene-reinforced elastomers in liquids. Anisotropic swelling was observed for samples reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), induced by the in-plane orientation of the GNPs. Upon the addition of the GNPs, the diameter swelling ratio of the nanocomposites was significantly red

Hossam Galal

This report introduces the Transfer Waveguide (TRANSGUIDE); an ultra-thin flat technology that promises light emitting applications a practical solution to total internal reflection light trapping and diverging emission. By invoking reciprocity, light can be temporarily stored in the form of a virtual-dipole and recovered back again.

Martin Kreuzer, Tran N. K. Linh, Le Ngoc Long

Given a fat point scheme $\mathbb{W}=m_1P_1+\cdots+m_sP_s$ in the projective $n$-space $\mathbb{P}^n$ over a field $K$ of characteristic zero, the modules of K\"ahler differential $k$-forms of its homogeneous coordinate ring contain useful information about algebraic and geometric properties of $\mathbb{W}$ when $k\in\{1,\dots, n+1\}$. In this paper we deter

Changchuan Yin

The emerging global infectious COVID-19 coronavirus disease by novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presents critical threats to global public health and the economy since it was identified in late December 2019 in China. The virus has gone through various pathways of evolution. For understanding the evolution and transmission o

Najmeh Sadegh, Maarten van der Geest, Jarich Haitjema, Filippo Campi

Inorganic molecular materials such as tin oxo cages are a promising generation of photoresists compatible with the demands of the recently developed Extreme UltraViolet (EUV) lithography technology. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the photon-induced reactions which occur in photoresists after exposure is important. We used XUV broadband laser pulses i

Yu-Peng Zhang, Shao-Wen Wei, Yu-Xiao Liu

In this paper, we investigate the motion of a classical spinning test particle orbiting around a static spherically symmetric black hole in a novel four-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity [D. Glavan and C. Lin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 081301 (2020)]. We find that the effective potential of a spinning test particle in the background of the black hole has

Yuhuang Hu, Tobi Delbruck, Shih-Chii Liu

Novel vision sensors such as thermal, hyperspectral, polarization, and event cameras provide information that is not available from conventional intensity cameras. An obstacle to using these sensors with current powerful deep neural networks is the lack of large labeled training datasets. This paper proposes a Network Grafting Algorithm (NGA), where a new fr

Vitalii Konarovskyi, Vlada Limic

This work exhibits a novel phase transition for the classical stochastic block model (SBM). In addition we study the SBM in the corresponding near-critical regime, and find the scaling limit for the component sizes. The two-parameter stochastic process arising in the scaling limit, an analogue of the standard Aldous' multiplicative coalescent, is interesting

Mauro Fortuna, Giacomo Mezzedimi

We study the moduli spaces of elliptic K3 surfaces of Picard number at least 3, i.e. $U\oplus \langle -2k \rangle$-polarized K3 surfaces. Such moduli spaces are proved to be of general type for $k\geq 220$. The proof relies on the low-weight cusp form trick developed by Gritsenko, Hulek and Sankaran. Furthermore, explicit geometric constructions of some elli

Konstantin Vorob'ev

We study equitable 2-partitions of the Johnson graphs J(n,w) with a quotient matrix containing the eigenvalue lambda_2(w,n) = (w-2)(n-w-2)-2 in its spectrum. For any w>=4 and n>=2w, we find all admissible quotient matrices of such partitions, and characterize all these partitions for w>=4, n>2w, and for w>=7, n = 2w, up to equivalence.

Shengyu Zhao, Yilun Sheng, Yue Dong, Eric I-Chao Chang

Feature warping is a core technique in optical flow estimation; however, the ambiguity caused by occluded areas during warping is a major problem that remains unsolved. In this paper, we propose an asymmetric occlusion-aware feature matching module, which can learn a rough occlusion mask that filters useless (occluded) areas immediately after feature warping

Fatma Sassi, Ameni Gargouri, Lubomir Gavrilov, Bassem Ben Hamed

We show that the center set of reversible cubic systems, close to the symmetric Hamiltonian system $x'=y, y'= x-x^3$ has two irreducible components of co-dimension two in the parameter space. One of them corresponds to the Hamiltonian stratum, the other to systems which are polynomial pull back of an appropriate linear system

Paweł Pasteczka

The celebrated Hardy inequality can be written in the form $$\int_0^\infty \mathcal{P}_p \big(f|_{[0,x]}\big)dx \le (1-p)^{-1/p} \int_0^\infty f(x)\:dx \qquad \text{ for }p\in(0,1)\text{ and }f \in L^1\text{ with }f\ge0,$$ where $\mathcal{P}_p$ stands for the $p$-th power mean. One can ask about possible generalizations of this property to another families (

Romeo Ortega, Alexey Bobtsov, Nikolay Nikolaev, Johannes Schiffer

In this paper we propose a new state observer design technique for nonlinear systems. It consists of an extension of the recently introduced parameter estimation-based observer, which is applicable for systems verifying a particular algebraic constraint. In contrast to the previous observer, the new one avoids the need of implementing an open loop integratio

Koji Shimizu

We study horizontal semistable and horizontal de Rham representations of the absolute Galois group of a certain smooth affinoid over a p-adic field. In particular, we prove that a horizontal de Rham representation becomes horizontal semistable after a finite extension of the base field. As an application, we show that every de Rham local system on a smooth r

Xavier Vasques

The data center of tomorrow is a data center made up of heterogeneous systems, which will run heterogeneous workloads. The systems will be located as close as possible to the data. Heterogeneous systems will be equipped with binary, biological inspired and quantum accelerators. These architectures will be the foundations to address challenges. Like an orches

Ralf-Dieter Scholz

The Gaia data release 2 (DR2) contains $>$6000 objects with parallaxes $(Plx+3\times{e\_Plx})>50$mas placing them within 20pc from the Sun. Since the expected numbers extrapolating the well-known 10pc census are much lower, nearby Gaia stars need a quality assessment. The 20pc sample of white dwarfs (WDs) had already been verified and completed with Gaia DR2

Peng Zhou, Nathan R. McDonald, Alexander J. Edwards, Lisa Loomis

Reservoir computing is an emerging methodology for neuromorphic computing that is especially well-suited for hardware implementations in size, weight, and power (SWaP) constrained environments. This work proposes a novel hardware implementation of a reservoir computer using a planar nanomagnet array. A small nanomagnet reservoir is demonstrated via micromagn

Niels Claes, Rony Keppens, Chun Xia

Prominences show a surprising amount of fine structure and it is widely believed that their threads, as seen in H$\alpha$ observations, provide indirect information concerning magnetic field topology. We investigate the spontaneous emergence and evolution of fine structure in high-density condensations formed through the process of thermal instability under

Ignacio Negueruela, Ricardo Dorda, Amparo Marco

Classical Cepheids represent the first step of the distance scale ladder. Claims of tension between the locally calculated Hubble constant and the values deduced from $Planck$'s results have sparked new interest in these distance calibrators. Cluster membership provides an independent distance measurement, as well as astrophysical context for studies of thei

M. Balakrishnan, J. M. Miller, N. Trueba, M. Reynolds

Chandra obtained two High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG) spectra of the stellar-mass black hole GRO J1655-40 during its 2005 outburst, revealing a rich and complex disk wind. Soon after its launch, the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory began monitoring the same outburst. Some X-ray Telescope (XRT) observations were obtained in a mode that makes it impossibl

David Schrittesser, Asger Törnquist

We prove that under a principle of Ramsey regularity there are no infinite maximal almost disjoint families with respect to the transfinitely iterated Fr\'echet ideals. The results of the present paper were announced by the authors in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A.

Luca Pezzè, Augusto Smerzi

We propose a hybrid quantum-classical atomic clock protocol where the interrogation of an ensemble of uncorrelated atoms in a spin-coherent state is used to feedback one (or more) spin-squeezed atomic ensembles toward their optimal phase sensitivity point. This protocol overcomes the stability of a single Ramsey clock and it reaches a Heisenberg-limited stab

Connor Riley, Pascal Van Hentenryck, Enpeng Yuan

This paper considers the dispatching of large-scale real-time ride-sharing systems to address congestion issues faced by many cities. The goal is to serve all customers (service guarantees) with a small number of vehicles while minimizing waiting times under constraints on ride duration. This paper proposes an end-to-end approach that tightly integrates a st

Eliahu Levy

In this note we refine and improve some of the calculations in our 2019 article with Yair Censor (Applied Mathematics and Optimization, accepted for publication) where an analysis of the superiorization method is made via the principle of concentration of measure. Some paragraphs there are repeated here for the sake of completeness. Yet, for the case of accu

Lars Diening, Christian Kreuzer

It is an open question if the threshold condition $\theta < \theta_\star$ for the D\"orfler marking parameter is necessary to obtain optimal algebraic rates of adaptive finite element methods. We present a (non-PDE) example fitting into the common abstract convergence framework (axioms of adaptivity) and which is potentially converging with exponential rates

Nitin Jonathan Myers, Robert W. Heath

Two arrays form a periodic complementary pair if the sum of their periodic autocorrelations is a delta function. Finding such pairs, however, is challenging for large arrays whose entries are constrained to a small alphabet. One such alphabet is the quaternary set which contains the complex fourth roots of unity. In this paper, we propose a technique to cons

Drayton Munster, Eric de Sturler

Nonlinear parametric inverse problems appear in many applications and are typically very expensive to solve, especially if they involve many measurements. These problems pose huge computational challenges as evaluating the objective function or misfit requires the solution of a large number of parameterized partial differential equations, typically one per s

Y. S. Kozhedub, A. I. Bondarev, X. Cai, X. Ma

(Quasi)resonance electron-capture processes in non-symmetrical $(Z_{\rm P} \simeq 2Z_{\rm T})$ heavy ion-atom collisions are studied employing a semiclassical atomic Dirac-Fock-Sturm orbital coupled-channel approach within an independent-particle model. %A special attention has been paid to study a role of the relativistic effects. Systematic calculations of

Shashikant Kumar, Phanish Suryanarayana

We calculate bending moduli along the principal directions for thirty-two select atomic monolayers using ab initio Density Functional Theory (DFT). Specifically, considering representative materials from each of Groups IV, V, III-V monolayers, transition metal dichalcogenides, Group III monochalcogenides, Group IV monochalcogenides, and transition metal tric

Martin Grohe, Pascal Schweitzer, Daniel Wiebking

We introduce the framework of Deep Weisfeiler Leman algorithms (DeepWL), which allows the design of purely combinatorial graph isomorphism tests that are more powerful than the well-known Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm. We prove that, as an abstract computational model, polynomial time DeepWL-algorithms have exactly the same expressiveness as the logic Choiceles

J. P. May, Ruoqi Zhang, Foling Zou

We give a description of unital operads in a symmetric monoidal category as monoids in a monoidal category of unital $\Lambda$-sequences. This is a new variant of Kelly's old description of operads as monoids in the monoidal category of symmetric sequences. The monads associated to unital operads are the ones of interest in iterated loop space theory and fac

Yang Liu, Zhuo Ma, Ximeng Liu, Jian Liu

Nowadays, machine learning models, especially neural networks, become prevalent in many real-world applications.These models are trained based on a one-way trip from user data: as long as users contribute their data, there is no way to withdraw; and it is well-known that a neural network memorizes its training data. This contradicts the "right to be forgotte

Matthew R. Carbone, Matthew Z. Mayers, David R. Reichman

A fully microscopic model of the doping-dependent exciton and trion line widths in the absorption spectra of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides in the low temperature and low doping regime is explored. The approach is based on perturbation theory and avoids the use of phenomenological parameters. In the low-doping regime, we find that the trion line

Ignacio Torroba, Christopher Iliffe Sprague, Nils Bore, John Folkesson

Registration methods for point clouds have become a key component of many SLAM systems on autonomous vehicles. However, an accurate estimate of the uncertainty of such registration is a key requirement to a consistent fusion of this kind of measurements in a SLAM filter. This estimate, which is normally given as a covariance in the transformation computed be

Vesa Julin, Giorgio Saracco

We provide a quantitative lower bound to the Cheeger constant of a set $\Omega$ in both the Euclidean and the Gaussian settings in terms of suitable asymmetry indexes. We provide examples which show that these quantitative estimates are sharp.

Ekin Küçüksönmez, James Servantie

We present a molecular dynamics study of the flow of rigid spherical nanoparticles in a simple fluid. We evaluate the viscosity of the dispersion as a function of shear rate and nanoparticle volume fraction. We observe shear thinning behavior at low volume fractions, as the shear rate increases, the shear forces overcome the brownian forces, resulting in mor

Tyler Helmuth, Assaf Shapira

The determination of the Hausdorff dimension of the scaling limit of loop-erased random walk is closely related to the study of the one-point function of loop-erased random walk, i.e., the probability a loop-erased random walk passes through a given vertex. Recent work in the theoretical physics literature has investigated the Hausdorff dimension of loop-era

Zhiyuan Li, Zhidong Zhang

In this article, for a two dimensional fractional diffusion equation, we study an inverse problem for simultaneous restoration of the fractional order and the source term from the sparse boundary measurements. By the adjoint system corresponding to our diffusion equation, we construct useful quantitative relation between unknowns and measurements. From Lapla

B. Silvestre-Brac, R. Bonnaz, C. Semay, F. Brau

We propose a new treatment for the quantum three-body problem. It is based on an expansion of the wave function on harmonic oscillator functions with different sizes in the Jacobi coordinates. The matrix elements of the Hamiltonian can be calculated without any approximation and the precision is restricted only by the dimension of the basis. This method can

Sunsoo Kim, Vedang M. Deshpande, Raktim Bhattacharya

In this paper, we propose a robust Kalman filtering framework for systems with probabilistic uncertainty in system parameters. We consider two cases, namely discrete time systems, and continuous time systems with discrete measurements. The uncertainty, characterized by mean and variance of the states, is propagated using conditional expectations and polynomi

Nannan Li, Zhenzhong Chen

Adversarial learning has shown its advances in generating natural and diverse descriptions in image captioning. However, the learned reward of existing adversarial methods is vague and ill-defined due to the reward ambiguity problem. In this paper, we propose a refined Adversarial Inverse Reinforcement Learning (rAIRL) method to handle the reward ambiguity p

Arnab Laha, Dinesh Beniwal, Sibnath Dey, Abhijit Biswas

One of the most intriguing topological features of open systems is exhibiting exceptional point (EP) singularities. Apart from the widely explored second-order EPs (EP2s), the explorations of higher-order EPs in any system requires more complex topology, which is still a challenge. Here, we encounter a third-order EP (EP3) for the first time in a simple fabr

Richard Rochberg

We study of the relation between the geometry of sets in complex hyperbolic space and Hilbert spaces with complete Pick kernels. We focus on the geometry associated with assembling sets into larger sets and of assembling Hilbert spaces into larger spaces. Model questions include describing the possible triangular faces of a tetrahedron in hyperbolic space an

Rahool Kumar Barman, Biplob Bhattacherjee, Indrani Chakraborty, Arghya Choudhury

The projected reach of direct electroweakino searches at the HL-LHC ($\sqrt{s}=14~{\rm TeV}, ~3000~{\rm fb^{-1}}$ LHC) in the framework of simplified models with R-parity violating (RPV) operators: $\lambda_{112}^{\prime \prime}u^{c}d^{c}s^{c}$ and $\lambda_{113}^{\prime\prime}u^{c}d^{c}b^{c}$, is studied. Four different analysis channels are chosen: $Wh$ me

Marius Gaudesius, Robin Kaiser, Guillaume Labeyrie, Yongchang Zhang

Large clouds of cold atoms prepared in a magneto-optical trap can develop spatio-temporal instabilities when the frequency of the trapping lasers is brought close to the atomic resonance. This system bears close similarities with trapped plasmas, whereby effective Coulomb interactions are induced by the exchange of scattered photons and lead to collective no

Albert Samoilenka, Egor Babaev

We discuss the unconventional magnetic response and vortex states arising in noncentrosymmetric superconductors with chiral octahedral and tetrahedral ($O$ or $T$) symmetry. We microscopically derive Ginzburg-Landau free energy. It is shown that due to spin-orbit and Zeeman coupling magnetic response of the system can change very significantly with temperatu

Julien Garaud, Maxim N. Chernodub, Dmitri E. Kharzeev

Superconducting materials with noncentrosymmetric lattices lacking space inversion symmetry exhibit a variety of interesting parity-breaking phenomena, including the magneto-electric effect, spin-polarized currents, helical states, and the unusual Josephson effect. We demonstrate, within a Ginzburg-Landau framework describing noncentrosymmetric superconducto

Rui Li, Qian Ma, Jie Gong, Zhi Zhou

The freshness of status information is of great importance for time-critical Internet of Things (IoT) applications. A metric measuring status freshness is the age-of-information (AoI), which captures the time elapsed from the status being generated at the source node (e.g., a sensor) to the latest status update.However, in intelligent IoT applications such a