March 2020 arXiv papers — page 43

Brian Swenson, Soummya Kar, H. Vincent Poor, José M. F. Moura

The article discusses distributed gradient-descent algorithms for computing local and global minima in nonconvex optimization. For local optimization, we focus on distributed stochastic gradient descent (D-SGD)--a simple network-based variant of classical SGD. We discuss local minima convergence guarantees and explore the simple but critical role of the stab

Alessandro Di Nuovo

Developmental psychology and neuroimaging research identified a close link between numbers and fingers, which can boost the initial number knowledge in children. Recent evidence shows that a simulation of the children's embodied strategies can improve the machine intelligence too. This article explores the application of embodied strategies to convolutional

Ryszard Frankiewicz, Joanna Jureczko

We investigate the properties of ideals associated with Kuratowski partitions of non-complete Baire metric spaces. We show that such an ideal can be precipitous.

Thomas Uriot, Dario Izzo

One of the main and largely unexplored challenges in evolving the weights of neural networks using genetic algorithms is to find a sensible crossover operation between parent networks. Indeed, naive crossover leads to functionally damaged offspring that do not retain information from the parents. This is because neural networks are invariant to permutations

Marco Matassa

We study the twisted Hochschild homology of quantum flag manifolds, the twist being the modular automorphism of the Haar state. We prove that every quantum flag manifold admits a non-trivial class in degree two, with an explicit representative defined in terms of a certain projection. The corresponding classical two-form, via the Hochschild-Kostant-Rosenberg

Gusztáv Gaál, Balázs Maga, András Lukács

Chest X-ray is the most common test among medical imaging modalities. It is applied for detection and differentiation of, among others, lung cancer, tuberculosis, and pneumonia, the last with importance due to the COVID-19 disease. Integrating computer-aided detection methods into the radiologist diagnostic pipeline, greatly reduces the doctors' workload, in

David Higgins, Vince I. Madai

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare holds great potential to expand access to high-quality medical care, whilst reducing overall systemic costs. Despite hitting the headlines regularly and many publications of proofs-of-concept, certified products are failing to breakthrough to the clinic. AI in healthcare is a multi-party process with deep knowledge

B. Schmieder, R. S. Kim, B. Grison, K. Bocchialini

It is generally accepted that extreme space weather events tend to be related to strong flares and fast halo coronal mass ejections CMEs. In the present paper, we carefully identify the chain of events from the Sun to the Earth induced by all 12 X-class flares that occurred in 2002. In this small sample, we find an unusual high rate (58\%) of solar sources w

Jeffrey Hatley, Antonio Lei, Stefano Vigni

Let $p$ be an odd prime and $K$ an imaginary quadratic field where $p$ splits. Under appropriate hypotheses, Bertolini showed that the Selmer group of a $p$-ordinary elliptic curve over the anticyclotomic $\mathbb Z_p$-extension of $K$ does not admit any proper $\Lambda$-submodule of finite index, where $\Lambda$ is a suitable Iwasawa algebra. We generalize

Sumon Kumar Bose, Vivek Mohan, Arindam Basu

This paper presents an in-memory computing (IMC) architecture for image denoising. The proposed SRAM based in-memory processing framework works in tandem with approximate computing on a binary image generated from neuromorphic vision sensors. Implemented in TSMC 65nm process, the proposed architecture enables approximately 2000X energy savings (approximately

Tobias Ross, Annika Reinke, Peter M. Full, Martin Wagner

Intraoperative tracking of laparoscopic instruments is often a prerequisite for computer and robotic-assisted interventions. While numerous methods for detecting, segmenting and tracking of medical instruments based on endoscopic video images have been proposed in the literature, key limitations remain to be addressed: Firstly, robustness, that is, the relia

Weifeng Qiu, Ke Shi

We revise the structure-preserving finite element method in [K. Hu, Y. MA and J. Xu. (2017) Stable finite element methods preserving $\nabla \cdot \mathbf{B}=0$ exactly for MHD models. Numer. Math.,135, 371-396]. The revised method is semi-implicit in time-discretization. We prove the linearized scheme preserves the divergence free property for the magnetic

Krishnan Srinivasarengan, José Ragot, Christophe Aubrun, Didier Maquin

In several model-based system maintenance problems, parameters are used to represent unknown characteristics of a component, equipment degradation, etc. This allows for modelling constant, slow-varying terms. The identifiability of these parameters is an important condition to estimate them. Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) models are being increasingly used i

Juan María Hernández, Pablo Dorta-González

Quantifying the interdisciplinarity of a research is a relevant problem in the evaluative bibliometrics. The concept of interdisciplinarity is ambiguous and multidimensional. Thus, different measures of interdisciplinarity have been propose in the literature. However, few studies have proposed interdisciplinary metrics without previously defining classificat

Ryan Beal, Georgios Chalkiadakis, Timothy J. Norman, Sarvapali D. Ramchurn

In this paper we present a novel approach to optimise tactical and strategic decision making in football (soccer). We model the game of football as a multi-stage game which is made up from a Bayesian game to model the pre-match decisions and a stochastic game to model the in-match state transitions and decisions. Using this formulation, we propose a method t

Andrea Donini, Pilar Hernández, Carlos Pena, Fernando Romero-López

We study the scaling of kaon decay amplitudes with the number of colours, $N_c$, in a theory with four degenerate flavours, $N_f=4$. In this scenario, two current-current operators, $Q^\pm$, mediate $\Delta S=1$ transitions, such as the two isospin amplitudes of non-leptonic kaon decays for $K\to (\pi\pi)_{I=0,2}$, $A_0$ and $A_2$. In particular, we concentr

Priya Tiwari, Saurabh Kumar Srivastav, Sujay Ray, Tanmoy Das

Topological insulators, along with Chern insulators and Quantum Hall insulator phases, are considered as paradigms for symmetry protected topological phases of matter. This article reports the experimental realization of the time-reversal invariant helical edge-modes in bilayer graphene/monolayer WSe$_2$-based heterostructures -- a phase generally considered

Florian von Rüling, Francine Kolley, Alexey Eremin

Swimming microorganisms can influence the diffusion of passive particles. The effect of this swimmer-particle interaction depends on different properties, such as the hydrodynamic field of the swimmer and the relative sizes of microorganisms and particles. We investigated an enhancement of the diffusion of silica doublets in a suspension of microalgae Chlamy

Man Wang, Chao Zhang, Xiaoming Chen, Suhua Tang

In this paper, the impact of imperfect beam alignment (IBA) on millimeter wave (mmWave) wireless power transfer (WPT) is investigated. We consider a mmWave WPT network, where the location of the energy transmitters follows a Poisson point process. Instead of the mostly used flat-top antenna model, we adopt the Gaussian antenna model suggested by the 3rd Gene

Serhii Brodiuk, Vasyl Palchykov, Yurij Holovatch

Novelty is an inherent part of innovations and discoveries. Such processes may be considered as an appearance of new ideas or as an emergence of atypical connections between the existing ones. The importance of such connections hints for investigation of innovations through network or graph representation in the space of ideas. In such representation, a grap

Fred C. Adams, Konstantin Batygin, Anthony M. Bloch

Observations indicate that members of close stellar binaries often have mass ratios close to unity, while longer-period systems exhibit a more uniform mass-ratio distribution. This paper provides a theoretical explanation for this finding by determining the tidal equilibrium states for binary star systems --- subject to the constraints of conservation of ang

Long Yu, Yong He, Xin-bing Kong, Xinsheng Zhang

In this study, we propose a projection estimation method for large-dimensional matrix factor models with cross-sectionally spiked eigenvalues. By projecting the observation matrix onto the row or column factor space, we simplify factor analysis for matrix series to that for a lower-dimensional tensor. This method also reduces the magnitudes of the idiosyncra

Daniela D. Doneva, Stoytcho S. Yazadjiev

In the present paper we investigate the structure of relativistic stars in 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. The mass-radius relations are obtained for realistic hadronic and for strange quark star equations of state, and for a wide range of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling parameter $\alpha$. Even though the deviations from general relativity for nonzero values of

A. Kovtun, M. Zantedeschi

In this work quantum corrections to the classical evolution of a relativistic scalar condensate are studied. The problem is approached by means of two different perturbative approaches: the 2-particle-irreducible (2PI) effective action and the expansion in the self-coupling. In the weak coupling regime, the decoherence of the classical state is observed. The

Angeliki V. Katsenou, Fan Zhang, Mariana Afonso, Goce Dimitrov

The video technology scenery has been very vivid over the past years, with novel video coding technologies introduced that promise improved compression performance over state-of-the-art technologies. Despite the fact that a lot of video datasets are available, representative content of the wide parameter space along with subjective evaluations of variations

Chenkai Xu, Hongwei Lin

With the development of the Internet and other digital technologies, the speed of data generation has become considerably faster than the speed of data processing. Because big data typically contain massive redundant information, it is possible to significantly simplify a big data set while maintaining the key information it contains. In this paper, we devel

José Pedro Iglesias, Carl Olsson, Marcus Valtonen Örnhag

Fitting a matrix of a given rank to data in a least squares sense can be done very effectively using 2nd order methods such as Levenberg-Marquardt by explicitly optimizing over a bilinear parameterization of the matrix. In contrast, when applying more general singular value penalties, such as weighted nuclear norm priors, direct optimization over the element

Fernando Gama, Ekaterina Tolstaya, Alejandro Ribeiro

Dynamical systems comprised of autonomous agents arise in many relevant problems such as multi-agent robotics, smart grids, or smart cities. Controlling these systems is of paramount importance to guarantee a successful deployment. Optimal centralized controllers are readily available but face limitations in terms of scalability and practical implementation.

Roberto Morabito, Jaime Jiménez

Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly growing technological domain and the effort that many Standards Developing Organizations (SDOs) and alliances are dedicating to it is constantly increasing. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is certainly one of the most active SDOs operating in this broad domain. With the aim of building a comprehensive, interop

Jeffrey A. Hodgson, Benjamin L'Huillier, Ioannis Liodakis, Sang-Sung Lee

In this paper, we propose a new approach to determining cosmological distances to active galactic nuclei (AGN) via light travel-time arguments, which can be extended from nearby sources to very high redshift sources. The key assumption is that the variability seen in AGN is constrained by the speed of light and therefore provides an estimate of the linear si

Felix Bauckholt, Laura Sanità

The stable marriage problem with ties is a well-studied and interesting problem in game theory. We are given a set of men and a set of women. Each individual has a preference ordering on the opposite group, which can possibly contain ties. A stable marriage is given by a matching between men and women for which there is no blocking pair, i.e., a men and a wo

Mu Qiao, Ye Wang, Zhengyang Cai, Botao Du

We theoretically and experimentally investigate double electromagnetically induced transparency (double-EIT) cooling of two-dimensional ion crystals confined in a Paul trap. The double-EIT ground-state cooling is observed for \Yb ions with clock state, for which EIT cooling has not been realized like many other ions with a simple $\Lambda$-scheme. A cooling

Yangtao Zheng, Di Huang, Songtao Liu, Yunhong Wang

Recent years have witnessed great progress in deep learning based object detection. However, due to the domain shift problem, applying off-the-shelf detectors to an unseen domain leads to significant performance drop. To address such an issue, this paper proposes a novel coarse-to-fine feature adaptation approach to cross-domain object detection. At the coar

Andrea Cristofoli, Poul H. Damgaard, Paolo Di Vecchia, Carlo Heissenberg

We extract the long-range gravitational potential between two scalar particles with arbitrary masses from the two-to-two elastic scattering amplitude at 2nd Post-Minkowskian order in arbitrary dimensions. In contrast to the four-dimensional case, in higher dimensions the classical potential receives contributions from box topologies. Moreover, the kinematica

Edwin Mora, Florian Steinke

We consider a linear power flow model with interval-bounded nodal power injections and limited line power flows. We determine the minimal number of power injections to control based on a minimal set of measurements, such that the overall system is feasible for all assignments of the non-controlled power injections. For the important case where the possible m

A. A. Vidotto, A. Cleary

The atmospheres of highly irradiated exoplanets are observed to undergo hydrodynamic escape. However, due to strong pressures, stellar winds can confine planetary atmospheres, reducing their escape. Here, we investigate under which conditions atmospheric escape of close-in giants could be confined by the large pressure of their host star's winds. For that, w

Xinyu Chen, Jinming Yang, Lijun Sun

Sparsity and missing data problems are very common in spatiotemporal traffic data collected from various sensing systems. Making accurate imputation is critical to many applications in intelligent transportation systems. In this paper, we formulate the missing data imputation problem in spatiotemporal traffic data in a low-rank tensor completion (LRTC) frame

Christos Liaskos, Shuai Nie, Ageliki Tsioliaridou, Andreas Pitsillides

Programmable wireless environments (PWEs) utilize electromagnetic metasurfaces to transform wireless propagation into a software-controlled resource. In this work we study the effects of user device mobility on the efficiency of PWEs. An analytical model is proposed, which describes the potential misalignment between user-emitted waves and the active PWE con

Soodabeh Asadi, Janez Povh

This article utilizes the projected gradient method (PG) for a non-negative matrix factorization problem (NMF), where one or both matrix factors must have orthonormal columns or rows. We penalise the orthonormality constraints and apply the PG method via a block coordinate descent approach. This means that at a certain time one matrix factor is fixed and the

Dominika Mikšová, Christopher Rieser, Peter Filzmoser, Simon M. Thaarup

Mineral exploration in biogeochemistry is related to the detection of anomalies in soil, which is driven by many factors and thus a complex problem. Mik\v{s}ov\'a, Rieser, and Filzmoser (2019) have introduced a method for the identification of spatial patterns with increased element concentrations in samples along a linear sampling transect. This procedure i

Nenad O. Vesić

The invariants of the Thomas and the Weyl type for a mapping between non-symmetric affine connection spaces are obtained with respect to the factored deformation tensor in this paper. Motivated by two invariants of the Weyl type obtained in (N. O. Vesi\'c, Basic Invariants of Geometric Mappings, [17]), we founded novel invariants of the Weyl type. Invariants

Claus Vogl, Lynette Caitlin Mikula

In this article, a biallelic reversible mutation model with linear and quadratic selection is analyzed. The approach reconnects to one proposed by Kimura ( Possibility of extensive neutral evolution under stabilizing selection with special reference to nonrandom use of codons (PNAS,1981)), who starts from a diffusion model and derives its equilibrium distrib

Aleksandr Azatov, Miguel Vanvlasselaer

In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of the confinement-deconfinement phase transition in a toy model where the walking dynamics is realized perturbatively. We study the properties of the phase transition focusing on the possible cosmological signatures it can provide. Interestingly the model is well under perturbative control only when the mass of the

Mathis Brosowsky, Olaf Dünkel, Daniel Slieter, Marius Zöllner

Neural networks reach state-of-the-art performance in a variety of learning tasks. However, a lack of understanding the decision making process yields to an appearance as black box. We address this and propose ConstraintNet, a neural network with the capability to constrain the output space in each forward pass via an additional input. The prediction of Cons

Rana Abbas, Tao Huang, Basit Shahab, Mahyar Shirvanimoghaddam

The proliferating number of devices with short payloads as well as low power budget has already driven researchers away from classical grant-based access schemes that are notorious for their large signalling overhead as well as power-consuming retransmissions. Instead, light-weight random access protocols have been re-investigated and their throughput has be

Jianjun Chen, Geng Lai

The study of spherically symmetric motion is important for the theory of explosion waves. In this paper, we construct rigorously self-similar solutions to the Riemann problem of the spherically symmetric Euler equations for general equations of state. We used the assumption of self-similarity to reduce the spherically symmetric Euler equations to a system of

Guillaume Raille, Sandra Djambazovska, Claudiu Musat

Data augmentation promises to alleviate data scarcity. This is most important in cases where the initial data is in short supply. This is, for existing methods, also where augmenting is the most difficult, as learning the full data distribution is impossible. For natural language, sentence editing offers a solution - relying on small but meaningful changes t

Arko Roy, Soumya Bera, Kush Saha

We theoretically study the non-linear response of interacting neutral bosonic gas in a synthetically driven one-dimensional optical lattice. In particular, we examine the bosonic analogue of electronic higher harmonic generation in a strong time-dependent synthetic vector potential manifesting itself as the synthetic electric field. We show that the vector p

Elif Kızıldere, Maohua Le, Gökhan Soydan

Let $\ell, m, r$ be fixed positive integers such that $2\nmid \ell$, $3\nmid \ell m$, $\ell>r$ and $3\mid r$. In this paper, using the BHV theorem on the existence of primitive divisors of Lehmer numbers, we prove that if $\min\{r\ell m^2-1,(\ell-r)\ell m^2+1\}>30$, then the equation $(r\ell m^2-1)^x+((\ell -r)\ell m^2+1)^y=(\ell m)^z$ has only the positive

Andrey Zabolotskiy

There exist as many index-$k$ sublattices of the hexagonal lattice up to isometry as there exist lattice triangles with normalized volume $k$ up to unimodular equivalence, which can be explained using orbifolds. In dimension 3, it was noted that the number of sublattices of the fcc and the bcc lattices and the number of lattice tetrahedra all seem to be the

Zhong Xu, Jun Huang, Zaifeng Xu, Xiaoping Liu

Plasma Surface Metallurgy/Alloying is a kind of surface metallurgy/alloying to employ low temperature plasma produced by glow discharge to diffuse alloying elements into the surface of substrate material to form an alloy layer. The first plasma surface metallurgy technology is plasma nitriding invented by German scientist Dr. Bernard Berghuas in 1930. He was

Shambel Sahlu, Joseph Ntahompagaze, Amare Abebe, David F. Mota

This paper studies the cosmology of accelerating expansion of the universe in modified teleparallel gravity theory. We discuss the cosmology of $f(T,B)$ gravity theory and its implication to the new general form of the equation of state parameter $w_{TB}$ for explaining the late-time accelerating expansion of the universe without the need for the cosmologica

Mohammad Etemad, Nader Zare, Mahtab Sarvmaili, Amilcar Soares

Unmanned Surface Vehicles technology (USVs) is an exciting topic that essentially deploys an algorithm to safely and efficiently performs a mission. Although reinforcement learning is a well-known approach to modeling such a task, instability and divergence may occur when combining off-policy and function approximation. In this work, we used deep reinforceme

Mohammad Etemad, Zahra Etemad, Amilcar Soares, Vania Bogorny

Large amounts of mobility data are being generated from many different sources, and several data mining methods have been proposed for this data. One of the most critical steps for trajectory data mining is segmentation. This task can be seen as a pre-processing step in which a trajectory is divided into several meaningful consecutive sub-sequences. This pro

Filippo Bertoncelli, Fabio Ruggiero, Lorenzo Sabattini

This paper proposes a technique to manipulate an object with a nonholonomic mobile robot by pushing, which is a nonprehensile manipulation motion primitive. Such a primitive involves unilateral constraints associated with the friction between the robot and the manipulated object. Violating this constraint produces the slippage of the object during the manipu

Hirokatsu Yumoto, Yuichi Inubushi, Taito Osaka, Ichiro Inoue

A nanofocusing optical system referred to as $\textit{100 exa}$ for an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) was developed to generate an extremely high intensity of 100 EW/cm$^2$ (10$^2$$^0$ W/cm$^2$) using total reflection mirrors. The system is based on Kirkpatrick-Baez geometry, with 250 mm long elliptically figured mirrors optimized for the SPring-8 Angstrom

Kenta Cho, Bas Westerbaan, John van de Wetering

Effectus theory is a relatively new approach to categorical logic that can be seen as an abstract form of generalized probabilistic theories (GPTs). While the scalars of a GPT are always the real unit interval [0,1], in an effectus they can form any effect monoid. Hence, there are quite exotic effectuses resulting from more pathological effect monoids. In th

S. Hähnle, N. v. Marrewijk, A. Endo, K. Karatsu

We present a novel lab-on-chip technique to measure the very low losses in superconducting transmission lines at (sub-) mm wavelengths. The chips consist of a 100 nm thick NbTiN Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) Fabry Perot (FP) resonator, coupled on one side to an antenna and on the other side to a Microwave Kinetic Inductance detector. Using a single frequency radi

Almaz Khabibrakhmanov, Pavel Sorokin

In the presented work, the features of mechanical stiffness of carbon nanoparticles (nanodiamonds and fullerenes) in a wide range of sizes are considered. The enhancement of nanodiamonds stiffness (comparing to bulk diamond) is studied and explained in the terms of average bond stiffness $k_0$. It is shown that $k_0$ can be useful in the description of vario

Constantin Zalinescu

In Theorem 1 of the paper [V. Pata, A fixed point theorem in metric spaces, J. Fixed Point Theory Appl., 10 (2011), 299-305] it is proved that Picard's iterates for a function converge to a fixed point if a certain condition (C) is verified for all parameters in the interval [0,1]. In the recent paper [V. Berinde, Comments on some fixed point theorems in met

Filipe Fernandes

In this short note we provide the example with the lowest degree known so far of a non-injective local polynomial diffeomorphism $F=(p,q):\mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}^2$. In our example $p$ has degree $10$ and $q$ has degree $15$, rather than $10$ and $25$, respectively, known up to now as the smallest degrees for the coordinates of $F$. Our construction was

M. A. M. van Kooten, Niek Doelman, Matthew Kenworthy

For high-contrast imaging (HCI) systems, such as VLT/SPHERE, the performance of the system at small angular separations is contaminated by the wind-driven halo in the science image. This halo is a result of the servo-lag error in the adaptive optics (AO) system due to the finite time between measuring the wavefront phase and applying the phase correction. On

Christos Xypolopoulos, Antoine J. -P. Tixier, Michalis Vazirgiannis

The number of senses of a given word, or polysemy, is a very subjective notion, which varies widely across annotators and resources. We propose a novel method to estimate polysemy, based on simple geometry in the contextual embedding space. Our approach is fully unsupervised and purely data-driven. We show through rigorous experiments that our rankings are w

Habib Ammari, Bowen Li, Jun Zou

In this work, we are concerned with the mathematical modeling of the electromagnetic (EM) scattering by arbitrarily shaped non-magnetic nanoparticles with high refractive indices. When illuminated by visible light, such particles can exhibit a very strong isotropic magnetic response, resulting from the coupling of the incident wave with the circular displace

Marco Faggian, Michele Urbani, Luca Zanotto

We present a mobile app solution to help the containment of an epidemic outbreak by keeping track of possible infections in the incubation period. We consider the particular case of an infection which primarily spreads among people through proximal contact, via respiratory droplets. This smartphone application will work offline and will be able to detect oth

Sheryl L. Chang, Nathan Harding, Cameron Zachreson, Oliver M. Cliff

There is a continuing debate on relative benefits of various mitigation and suppression strategies aimed to control the spread of COVID-19. Here we report the results of agent-based modelling using a fine-grained computational simulation of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. This model is calibrated to match key characteristics of COVID-19 transmiss

Xia Li, Yibo Yang, Qijie Zhao, Tiancheng Shen

The convolution operation suffers from a limited receptive filed, while global modeling is fundamental to dense prediction tasks, such as semantic segmentation. In this paper, we apply graph convolution into the semantic segmentation task and propose an improved Laplacian. The graph reasoning is directly performed in the original feature space organized as a

Sagar Ghorai, Sergey A. Ivanov, Ridha Skini, Peter Svedlindh

Polycrystalline La1-xPbxMnO3+-y (x = 0.3, 0.35, 0.4) solid solutions were prepared by solid state reaction method and their magnetic properties have been investigated. Rietveld refinement of X-ray powder diffraction patterns showed that all samples are single phase and crystallized with the rhombohedral structure in the R-3c space group. A second order param

Dominik J. Schwarz, Jishnu Goswami, Aritra Basu

We present a concise derivation of geometric optics in the presence of axionic fields in a curved space-time. Whenever light can be described via geometric optics (the eikonal approximation), the only difference to the situation without axionic field is the phenomenon of achromatic birefringence. Consequently, redshift of light and distance estimates based o

Sebastian Boldt, Batu Güneysu

Given a noncompact spin manifold $M$ with a fixed topological spin structure and two complete Riemannian metrics $g$ and $h$ on $M$ with bounded sectional curvatures, we prove a criterion for the existence and completeness of the wave operators $\mathscr{W}_{\pm}(D_h, D_g, I_{g,h})$ and $\mathscr{W}_{\pm}(D_h^2, D^2_g, I_{g,h})$, where $I_{g,h}$ is the canon

Tomo Takahashi, Tommi Tenkanen, Shuichiro Yokoyama

We show that a non-minimal coupling to gravity can not only make some inflationary models consistent with cosmological data, similar to the case of Higgs inflation, but can also invoke slow-roll violation to realize graceful exit from inflation. In particular, this is the case in models where a destabilizing mechanism that ends inflation should be assumed wh

Zhen Qi, Curtis R. Menyuk, Jason J. Gorman, Adarsh Ganesan

The mechanical analog of optical frequency combs, phononic frequency combs, has recently been demonstrated in mechanical resonators and has been attributed to coupling between multiple phonon modes. This paper investigates the influence of mode structure on comb generation using a model of two nonlinearly coupled phonon modes. The model predicts that there i

Adam Bednorz

We show that rejection of local realism in quantum mechanics can be tested by Bell-type inequalities for two observers and low-order moments of continuous and unbounded observables. We prove that one requires three observables for each observer for a maximally entangled state and two observables for a non-maximally entangled state and write down appropriate

Sebastian Pina-Otey, Thorsten Lux, Federico Sánchez, Vicens Gaitan

For many applications, such as computing the expected value of different magnitudes, sampling from a known probability density function, the target density, is crucial but challenging through the inverse transform. In these cases, rejection and importance sampling require suitable proposal densities, which can be evaluated and sampled from efficiently. We wi

Chen Miao, Shaohua Ma

For a linear system, the response to a stimulus is often superposed by its responses to other decomposed stimuli. In quantum mechanics, a state is the superposition of multiple eigenstates. Here, by taking advantage of the phase difference, a common feature as we identified in data sets, we propose eigen component analysis (ECA), an interpretable linear lear

Daan van der Hoek, Bart Doekemeijer, Leif Erik Andersson, Jan-Willem van Wingerden

In recent years, wake steering has been established as a promising method to increase the energy yield of a wind farm. Current practice in estimating the benefit of wake steering on the annual energy production (AEP) consists of evaluating the wind farm with simplified surrogate models, casting a large uncertainty on the estimated benefit. This paper present

Andrea Passamonti, Nils Andersson

Implementing a family of differential rotation laws inspired by binary neutron-star merger remnants, we consider the impact of the rotation profile on the low-T/W instability. We use time evolutions of the linearised dynamical equations, in Newtonian gravity, to study non-axisymmetric oscillations and identify the unstable modes. The presence and evolution o

Ross Callaghan, Daniel C. Alexander, Marco Palombo, Hui Zhang

This paper presents Contextual Fibre Growth (ConFiG), an approach to generate white matter numerical phantoms by mimicking natural fibre genesis. ConFiG grows fibres one-by-one, following simple rules motivated by real axonal guidance mechanisms. These simple rules enable ConFiG to generate phantoms with tuneable microstructural features by growing fibres wh

Nikolay A. Ivanov

We introduce two families of examples of groups acting on trees, one consisting of group amalgamations and the other consisting of HNN-extensions, motivated by the problems of $C^*$-simplicity and unique trace property. Moreover, we prove that our examples are not inner amenable and identify a relatively large, simple, normal subgroup in each one.

Benjamin Unger

Hybrid numerical-experimental testing is a standard approach for complex dynamical structures that are, on the one hand, not easy to model due to complexity and parameter uncertainty and, on the other hand, too expensive for full-scale experiments. The main idea is to subdivide the structure in a part that can be accurately simulated with numerical methods a

Sigmundur Gudmundsson, Marko Sobak

In this paper we introduce the new notion of complex isoparametric functions on Riemannian manifolds. These are then employed to devise a general method for constructing proper $p$-harmonic functions. We then apply this to construct the first known explicit proper $p$-harmonic functions on the Lie group semidirect products $\mathbb{R}^m \ltimes \mathbb{R}^n$

Irene Tubikanec, Massimiliano Tamborrino, Petr Lansky, Evelyn Buckwar

We provide a comparative analysis of qualitative features of different numerical methods for the inhomogeneous geometric Brownian motion (IGBM). The conditional and asymptotic mean and variance of the IGBM are known and the process can be characterised according to Feller's boundary classification. We compare the frequently used Euler-Maruyama and Milstein m

Enrico Milanese, Tobias Brink, Ramin Aghababaei, Jean-François Molinari

Adhesion between two bodies is a key parameter in wear processes. At the macroscale, strong adhesive bonds are known to lead to high wear rates, as observed in clean metal-on-metal contact. Reducing the strength of the interfacial adhesion is then desirable, and techniques such as lubrication and surface passivation are employed to this end. Still, little is

Jitendra Bajpai, Daniele Dona, Sandip Singh, Shashank Vikram Singh

Our computations show that there is a total of $40$ pairs of degree six coprime polynomials $f,g$ where $f(x)=(x-1)^6$, $g$ is a product of cyclotomic polynomials, $g(0)=1$ and $f,g$ form a primitive pair. The aim of this article is to determine whether the corresponding $40$ symplectic hypergeometric groups with a maximally unipotent monodromy follow the sa

Faruk Abdulla, Priyanka Mohan, Sumathi Rao

A recently proposed curvature renormalization group scheme for topological phase transitions defines a generic `curvature function' as a function of the parameters of the theory and shows that topological phase transitions are signalled by the divergence of this function at certain parameters values, called critical points, in analogy with usual phase transi

Fabrice Bethuel

The formation of codimension-one interfaces for multi-well gradient-driven problems is well-known and established in the scalar case, where the equation is often referred to as the Allen-Cahn equation. The proofs rely for a large on a monotonicity formula for the energy density, which is itself related to the vanishing of the so-called discrepancy function.

Adnan Aijaz

Communication for control-centric industrial applications is characterized by the requirements of very high reliability, very low and deterministic latency and high scalability. Typically, IEEE 802.11-based wireless local area networks (WLANs), also known as Wi-Fi networks, are deemed ineligible for industrial control applications owing to insufficient relia

Anda Olteanu

We describe all the trees with the property that the corresponding edge ideal of the square of the tree has a linear resolution. As a consequence, we give a complete characterization of those trees $T$ for which the square is co-chordal, that is the complement of the square, $(T^2)^c$, is a chordal graph. For particular classes of trees such as paths and dou

Gláucia Murta, Federico Grasselli, Hermann Kampermann, Dagmar Bruß

Conference key agreement (CKA), or multipartite key distribution, is a cryptographic task where more than two parties wish to establish a common secret key. A composition of bipartite quantum key distribution protocols can accomplish this task. However, the existence of multipartite quantum correlations allows for new and potentially more efficient protocols

Rajesh K Mishra, Deepanshu Vasal, Sriram Vishwanath

In this paper, we propose a novel model-free reinforcement learning algorithm to compute the optimal policies for a multi-agent system with $N$ cooperative agents where each agent privately observes it's own private type and publicly observes each others' actions. The goal is to maximize their collective reward. The problem belongs to the broad class of dece

Fabian Mentzer, Luc Van Gool, Michael Tschannen

We leverage the powerful lossy image compression algorithm BPG to build a lossless image compression system. Specifically, the original image is first decomposed into the lossy reconstruction obtained after compressing it with BPG and the corresponding residual. We then model the distribution of the residual with a convolutional neural network-based probabil

Sofoklis Kakouros, Katri Hiovain, Martti Vainio, Juraj Šimko

This work explores the application of various supervised classification approaches using prosodic information for the identification of spoken North S\'ami language varieties. Dialects are language varieties that enclose characteristics specific for a given region or community. These characteristics reflect segmental and suprasegmental (prosodic) differences

Yuriy Ostapov

We consider the meson and baryon production in the quark-gluon plasma as applied to the early Universe and ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions in collider. The essential feature of our investigation is to take into account a potential barrier for quarks under meson and baryon production. We have used the Boltzmann equation to describe kinetic processes of

B. G. Zakharov

We study contribution of radiative processes to $p_{\perp}$-broadening of fast partons in an expanding quark-gluon plasma. It is shown that the radiative correction to $\langle p_{\perp}^2\rangle$ for the QGP produced in $AA$-collisions at RHIC and LHC may be negative, and comparable in absolute value with the non-radiative contribution. We have found that t

Cheng Su, Sheng-jia Xu, Kong-yang Zhu, Xiao-can Zhang

Rock classification plays an important role in rock mechanics, petrology, mining engineering, magmatic processes, and numerous other fields pertaining to geosciences. This study proposes a concatenated convolutional neural network (Con-CNN) method for classifying the geologic rock type based on petrographic thin sections. Herein, plane polarized light (PPL)

Kacper Kielak

Reinforcement learning (RL) has seen great advancements in the past few years. Nevertheless, the consensus among the RL community is that currently used methods, despite all their benefits, suffer from extreme data inefficiency, especially in the rich visual domains like Atari. To circumvent this problem, novel approaches were introduced that often claim to

Li Qiao, Jun Zhang, Zhen Gao, Sheng Chen

A fundamental challenge of the large-scale Internet-of-Things lies in how to support massive machine-type communications (mMTC). This letter proposes a media modulation based mMTC solution for increasing the throughput, where a massive multi-input multi-output based base station (BS) is used for enhancing the detection performance. For such a mMTC scenario,

Sebastiaan J. van Zelst

Since their recent introduction, process trees have been frequently used as a process modeling formalism in many process mining algorithms. A process tree is a tree-based model of a process, in which internal vertices represent behavioral control-flow relations and leaves represent process activities. A process tree is easily translated into a sound Workflow

Victor J. W. Guo

Using the following $_4F_3$ transformation formula $$ \sum_{k=0}^{n}{-x-1\choose k}^2{x\choose n-k}^2=\sum_{k=0}^{n}{n+k\choose 2k}{2k\choose k}^2{x+k\choose 2k}, $$ which can be proved by Zeilberger's algorithm, we confirm some special cases of a recent conjecture of Z.-W. Sun on integer-valued polynomials.

Hanz Martin Cheng, Jan ten Thije Boonkkamp

In this paper, we consider separating the discretisation of the diffusive and advective fluxes in the complete flux scheme. This allows the combination of several discretisation methods for the homogeneous flux with the complete flux (CF) method. In particular, we explore the combination of the hybrid mimetic mixed (HMM) method and the CF method, in order to