June 2020 arXiv papers — page 2

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta, T. Ackernley

Using proton-proton collision data at centre-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s} = 7$, $8$ and $13\mathrm{\,TeV}$ recorded by the LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $9\mathrm{\,fb}^{-1}$, the invariant mass spectrum of $J/ψ$ pairs is studied. A narrow structure around $6.9\mathrm{\,GeV/}c^2$ matching the line

Leonardo de Melo Joao, Felipe de Castro Belem, Alexandre Xavier Falcao

Saliency object detection estimates the objects that most stand out in an image. The available unsupervised saliency estimators rely on a pre-determined set of assumptions of how humans perceive saliency to create discriminating features. By fixing the pre-selected assumptions as an integral part of their models, these methods cannot be easily extended for s

Anderson S. Chaves, Alex Antonelli, Daniel T. Larson, Efthimios Kaxiras

The coupling between electrons and phonons in solids plays a central role in describing many phenomena, including superconductivity and thermoelecric transport. Calculations of this coupling are exceedingly demanding as they necessitate integrations over both the electron and phonon momenta, both of which span the Brillouin zone of the crystal, independently

Kyle E Conroy, Angela Kochoska, Daniel Hey, Herbert Pablo

PHOEBE 2 is a Python package for modeling the observables of eclipsing star systems, but until now has focused entirely on the forward-model -- that is, generating a synthetic model given fixed values of a large number of parameters describing the system and the observations. The inverse problem, obtaining orbital and stellar parameters given observational d

Heinz-Jürgen Schmidt

We consider the solution of the equation of motion of a classical/quantum spin subject to a monochromatical, elliptically polarized external field. The classical Rabi problem can be reduced to third order differential equations with polynomial coefficients and hence solved in terms of power series in close analogy to the confluent Heun equation occurring for

Lasse Rempe

Let $f$ be a transcendental entire function. The escaping set $I(f)$ consists of those points that tend to infinity under iteration of $f$. We show that $I(f)$ is not $σ$-compact, resolving a question of Rippon from 2009.

Haowei Xu, Hua Wang, Jian Zhou, Ju Li

Spin current generators are critical components for spintronics-based information processing. In this work, we theoretically and computationally investigate the bulk spin photovoltaic (BSPV) effect for creating DC spin current under light illumination. The only requirement for BPSV is inversion symmetry breaking, thus it applies to a broad range of materials

Yusuke Nomura, Takuya Nomoto, Motoaki Hirayama, Ryotaro Arita

Motivated by the recent discovery of superconductivity in doped NdNiO$_2$, we study the magnetic exchange interaction $J$ in layered $d^9$ nickelates from first principles. The mother compounds of the high-$T_{\rm c}$ cuprates belong to the charge-transfer regime in the Zaanen-Sawatzky-Allen diagram and have $J$ larger than 100 meV. While this feature makes

Aaron D. Ames, Gennaro Notomista, Yorai Wardi, Magnus Egerstedt

This paper introduces integral control barrier functions (I-CBFs) as a means to enable the safety-critical integral control of nonlinear systems. Importantly, I-CBFs allow for the holistic encoding of both state constraints and input bounds in a single framework. We demonstrate this by applying them to a dynamically defined tracking controller, thereby enfor

Rafael L. Delgado, Sebastian Steinbeißer, Michael Strickland, Johannes H. Weber

In order to solve the time-independent three-dimensional Schrödinger equation, one can transform the time-dependent Schrödinger equation to imaginary time and use a parallelized iterative method to obtain the full three-dimensional eigenstates and eigenvalues on very large lattices. In the case of the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation, there exists a pub

Fei Yu, Jiji Tang, Weichong Yin, Yu Sun

We propose a knowledge-enhanced approach, ERNIE-ViL, which incorporates structured knowledge obtained from scene graphs to learn joint representations of vision-language. ERNIE-ViL tries to build the detailed semantic connections (objects, attributes of objects and relationships between objects) across vision and language, which are essential to vision-langu

Liran Rotem

This paper's origins are in two papers: One by Colesanti and Fragalà studying the surface area measure of a log-concave function, and one by Cordero-Erausquin and Klartag regarding the moment measure of a convex function. These notions are the same, and in this paper we continue studying the same construction as well as its generalization. In the first h

Jin Sun, Xiao-Gang He

Among many possibilities, solar axion has been proposed to explain the electronic recoil events excess observed by Xenon1T collaboration, although it has tension with astrophysical observations. The axion couplings, to photon $g_{aγ}$ and to electron $g_{ae}$ play important roles. These couplings are related to the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) charges $X_f$ for fermion

Haiyan Wang, Nao Yamamoto

The outbreak of COVID-19 disrupts the life of many people in the world. The state of Arizona in the U.S. emerges as one of the country's newest COVID-19 hot spots. Accurate forecasting for COVID-19 cases will help governments to implement necessary measures and convince more people to take personal precautions to combat the virus. It is difficult to accu

András Gilyén, Seth Lloyd, Iman Marvian, Yihui Quek

The Petz recovery channel plays an important role in quantum information science as an operation that approximately reverses the effect of a quantum channel. The pretty good measurement is a special case of the Petz recovery channel, and it allows for near-optimal state discrimination. A hurdle to the experimental realization of these vaunted theoretical too

Amanda Coston, Edward H. Kennedy, Alexandra Chouldechova

Algorithms are commonly used to predict outcomes under a particular decision or intervention, such as predicting whether an offender will succeed on parole if placed under minimal supervision. Generally, to learn such counterfactual prediction models from observational data on historical decisions and corresponding outcomes, one must measure all factors that

Shahana Ibrahim, Xiao Fu

Learning the joint probability of random variables (RVs) is the cornerstone of statistical signal processing and machine learning. However, direct nonparametric estimation for high-dimensional joint probability is in general impossible, due to the curse of dimensionality. Recent work has proposed to recover the joint probability mass function (PMF) of an arb

David Schaller, Peter F. Stadler, Marc Hellmuth

Best match graphs (BMGs) are vertex-colored directed graphs that were introduced to model the relationships of genes (vertices) from different species (colors) given an underlying evolutionary tree that is assumed to be unknown. In real-life applications, BMGs are estimated from sequence similarity data. Measurement noise and approximation errors usually res

Elise van der Pol, Daniel E. Worrall, Herke van Hoof, Frans A. Oliehoek

This paper introduces MDP homomorphic networks for deep reinforcement learning. MDP homomorphic networks are neural networks that are equivariant under symmetries in the joint state-action space of an MDP. Current approaches to deep reinforcement learning do not usually exploit knowledge about such structure. By building this prior knowledge into policy and

Anton Tsitsulin, John Palowitch, Bryan Perozzi, Emmanuel Müller

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art results on many graph analysis tasks such as node classification and link prediction. However, important unsupervised problems on graphs, such as graph clustering, have proved more resistant to advances in GNNs. Graph clustering has the same overall goal as node pooling in GNNs - does this mean that

Julien Roulet, Jiří Vaníček

The explicit split-operator algorithm has been extensively used for solving not only linear but also nonlinear time-dependent Schrödinger equations. When applied to the nonlinear Gross-Pitaevskii equation, the method remains time-reversible, norm-conserving, and retains its second-order accuracy in the time step. However, this algorithm is not suitable for a

Marcin Jurek, Matthias Katzfuss

Spatial statistics often involves Cholesky decomposition of covariance matrices. To ensure scalability to high dimensions, several recent approximations have assumed a sparse Cholesky factor of the precision matrix. We propose a hierarchical Vecchia approximation, whose conditional-independence assumptions imply sparsity in the Cholesky factors of both the p

Giovanni Panti, Davide Sclosa

Let A,B be matrices in SL(2,R) having trace greater than or equal to 2. Assume the pair A,B is coherently oriented, that is, can be conjugated to a pair having nonnegative entries. Assume also that either A,B^(-1) is coherently oriented as well, or A,B have integer entries. Then the Lagarias-Wang finiteness conjecture holds for the set {A,B}, with optimal pr

Matilde Marcolli, Jane Panangaden

The theory of limiting modular symbols provides a noncommutative geometric model of the boundary of modular curves that includes irrational points in addition to cusps. A noncommutative space associated to this boundary is constructed, as part of a family of noncommutative spaces associated to different continued fractions algorithms, endowed with the struct

Benjamin Fehrman

We provide a simple proof of quenched stochastic homogenization for random environments with a mean zero, divergence-free drift under the assumption that the drift admits a stationary $L^d$-integrable stream matrix in $d\geq 3$ or an $L^{2+δ}$-integrable stream matrix in $d=2$. In addition, we prove that the environment almost surely satisfies a large-scale

Javier González-Payo, Róbert Trényi, Weilong Wang, Marcos Curty

The performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) is severely limited by multi-photon pulses emitted by laser sources due to the photon-number splitting attack. Coherent-one-way (COW) QKD has been introduced as a promising solution to overcome this limitation, and thus extend the achievable distance of practical QKD. Indeed, thanks to its experimental simpli

Flavia Bonomo-Braberman, Carolina L. Gonzalez, Fabiano S. Oliveira, Moysés S. Sampaio

The thinness of a graph is a width parameter that generalizes some properties of interval graphs, which are exactly the graphs of thinness one. Many NP-complete problems can be solved in polynomial time for graphs with bounded thinness, given a suitable representation of the graph. In this paper we study the thinness and its variations of graph products. We

Alessio Corti, Matej Filip, Andrea Petracci

We state two conjectures that together allow one to describe the set of smoothing components of a Gorenstein toric affine 3-fold in terms of a combinatorially defined and easily studied set of Laurent polynomials called 0-mutable polynomials. We explain the origin of the conjectures in mirror symmetry and present some of the evidence.

MiniBooNE Collaboration, A. A. Aguilar-Arevalo, B. C. Brown, J. M. Conrad

The MiniBooNE experiment at Fermilab reports a total excess of $638.0 \pm 132.8$ electron-like events ($4.8 σ$) from a data sample corresponding to $18.75 \times 10^{20}$ protons-on-target in neutrino mode, which is a 46\% increase in the data sample with respect to previously published results, and $11.27 \times 10^{20}$ protons-on-target in antineutrino mo

Robert Cardona

We construct non-vanishing steady solutions to the Euler equations (for some metric) with analytic Bernoulli function in each three-manifold where they can exist: graph manifolds. Using the theory of integrable systems, any admissible Morse-Bott function can be realized as the Bernoulli function of some non-vanishing steady Euler flow. This can be interprete

Mohammad H. Alhakami

We predict the spectrum of the four $1S$ and eight $1P$ nonstrange and strange states in the beauty meson family in the context of effective field theory. By the union of heavy quark effective theory and chiral perturbation theory, the mass formalisms for the heavy-light mesons are defined. Our analysis uses mass expressions involving, for the first time, th

G. Heinrich, S. P. Jones, M. Kerner, L. Scyboz

We present the implementation of Higgs boson pair production in gluon fusion within a non-linear Effective Field Theory framework containing five anomalous couplings for this process. The code, available within the POWHEG-BOX-V2, includes full NLO QCD corrections with massive top quarks. All five couplings can be modified by the user. We show $m_{hh}$ distri

Seungwon Baek, Jongkuk Kim, P. Ko

Recently XENON1T Collaboration announced that they observed some excess in the electron recoil energy around a 2-3 keV. We show that this excess can be interpreted as exothermic scattering of excited dark matter (XDM), $XDM + e_{atomic} \rightarrow DM + e_{free}$ on atomic electron through dark photon exchange. We consider DM models with local dark $U(1)$ ga

Alexandre Eremenko, Andrei Gabrielov

We describe the space of spherical triangles (in the sense of Schwarz and Klein). It is a smooth connected orientable 3-manifold, homotopy equivalent to the 1-skeleton of the cubic partition of the closed first octant in $\mathbf{R}^3$. The angles and sides are real analytic functions on this manifold which embed it to $\mathbf{R}^6$.

Sunghee Lee, Soyoung Yoo, Seongsin Kim, Eunji Kim

With the advancement of self-driving technology, the commercialization of Robo-taxi services is just a matter of time. However, there is some skepticism regarding whether such taxi services will be successfully accepted by real customers due to perceived safety-related concerns; therefore, studies focused on user experience have become more crucial. Although

Matthias Rath, Alexandru Paul Condurache

Deep Neural Networks achieve state-of-the-art results in many different problem settings by exploiting vast amounts of training data. However, collecting, storing and - in the case of supervised learning - labelling the data is expensive and time-consuming. Additionally, assessing the networks' generalization abilities or predicting how the inferred outp

Alexander Stehli, Jan David Brehm, Tim Wolz, Paul Baity

Josephson tunnel junctions are the centerpiece of almost any superconducting electronic circuit, including qubits. Typically, the junctions for qubits are fabricated using shadow evaporation techniques to reduce dielectric loss contributions from the superconducting film interfaces. In recent years, however, sub-micron scale overlap junctions have started to

Christiaan C. Stolk

Time-harmonic solutions to the wave equation can be computed in the frequency or in the time domain. In the frequency domain, one solves a discretized Helmholtz equation, while in the time domain, the periodic solutions to a discretized wave equation are sought, e.g. by simulating for a long time with a time-harmonic forcing term. Disadvantages of the time-d

A. Chatton, F. Le Borgne, C. Leyrat, Y. Foucher

In time-to-event settings, g-computation and doubly robust estimators are based on discrete-time data. However, many biological processes are evolving continuously over time. In this paper, we extend the g-computation and the doubly robust standardisation procedures to a continuous-time context. We compare their performance to the well-known inverse-probabil

Davide Lombardo, Laura Paladino

Let ${\mathbf{F}}_q$ be the finite field with $q=p^m$ elements and $G$ be a subgroup of ${\rm{GL}}_n({\mathbf{F}}_q)$. A famous theorem of Nori published in 1987 states that there exists a (non-effective) constant $c(n)$, depending only on $n$, such that if $p>c(n)$ and $G$ acts semisimply on ${\mathbf{F}}_p^n$, then $H^1(G,{\mathbf{F}}_p^n)=0$. We solve the

Yuesong Shen, Daniel Cremers

The last decade has witnessed a boom of deep learning research and applications achieving state-of-the-art results in various domains. However, most advances have been established empirically, and their theoretical analysis remains lacking. One major issue is that our current interpretation of neural networks (NNs) as function approximators is too generic to

Hartwig Anzt, Terry Cojean, Goran Flegar, Fritz Göbel

In this paper, we present Ginkgo, a modern C++ math library for scientific high performance computing. While classical linear algebra libraries act on matrix and vector objects, Ginkgo's design principle abstracts all functionality as "linear operators", motivating the notation of a "linear operator algebra library". Ginkgo's current

Tommy Tai, Ching Hua Lee

Nodal line semimetals have lately aroused much experimental and theoretical interest, with their gap closing along unconventional trajectories in the 3D Brillouin zone. These trajectories or nodal lines can close into loops and trace out intricate knotted or linked configurations with complicated topologies. In this work, we investigate the semi-classical op

Péter Csikvári, Ádám Schweitzer

This is a short survey about the theory of stable polynomials and its applications. It gives self-contained proofs of two theorems of Schrijver. One of them asserts that for a $d$--regular bipartite graph $G$ on $2n$ vertices, the number of perfect matchings, denoted by $\mathrm{pm}(G)$, satisfies $$\mathrm{pm}(G)\geq \bigg( \frac{(d-1)^{d-1}}{d^{d-2}} \bigg

Alexander Fauck, Will J. Merry, Jagna Wiśniewska

We compute the Rabinowitz Floer homology for a class of non-compact hyperboloids $Σ\simeq S^{n+k-1}\times\mathbb{R}^{n-k}$. Using an embedding of a compact sphere $Σ_0\simeq S^{2k-1}$ into the hypersurface $Σ$, we construct a chain map from the Floer complex of $Σ$ to the Floer complex of $Σ_0$. In contrast to the compact case, the Rabinowitz Floer homology

Alexandre Eremenko, Andrei Gabrielov, Gabriele Mondello, Dmitri Panov

The space of Lamé functions of order m is isomorphic to the space of pairs (elliptic curve, Abelian differential) where the differential has a single zero of order 2m at the origin and m double poles with vanishing residues. We describe the topology of this space: it is a Riemann surface of finite type; we find the number of components and the genus and Eule

Anjith George, Sebastien Marcel

In a typical face recognition pipeline, the task of the face detector is to localize the face region. However, the face detector localizes regions that look like a face, irrespective of the liveliness of the face, which makes the entire system susceptible to presentation attacks. In this work, we try to reformulate the task of the face detector to detect rea

Rubab Amin, Rishi Maiti, Yaliang Gui, Can Suer

Densely integrated active photonics is key for next generation on-chip networks for addressing both footprint and energy budget concerns. However, the weak light-matter interaction in traditional active Silicon optoelectronics mandates rather sizable device lengths. The ideal active material choice should avail high index modulation while being easily integr

Susi Lehtola, Miguel A. L. Marques

The homogeneous electron gas (HEG) is a key ingredient in the construction of most exchange-correlation functionals of density-functional theory. Often, the energy of the HEG is parameterized as a function of its spin density $n$, leading to the local density approximation (LDA) for inhomogeneous systems. However, the connection between the electron density

Nathan Keller, Ohad Klein

We prove the following conjecture, due to Tomaszewski (1986): Let $X= \sum_{i=1}^{n} a_{i} x_{i}$, where $\sum_i a_i^2=1$ and each $x_i$ is a uniformly random sign. Then $\Pr[|X|\leq 1] \geq 1/2$. Our main novel tools are local concentration inequalities and an improved Berry-Esseen inequality for Rademacher sums.

Oliver Sieber

In this paper, we consider an inhomogeneous Doi model which was introduced by W. E and P. Zhang [Meth. Appl. of Anal., 13 (2006), pp. 181 - 198]. We extend their model, which couples a Smoluchowski equation to a Navier-Stokes type equation, for active particles by introducing an additional stress tensor. Exploiting the energetic and entropic structure of the

Pietro Centorrino, Alessandro Corbetta, Emiliano Cristiani, Elia Onofri

We present an all-around study of the visitors flow in crowded museums: a combination of Lagrangian field measurements and statistical analyses enable us to create stochastic digital-twins of the guests dynamics, unlocking comfort- and safety-driven optimizations. Our case study is the Galleria Borghese museum in Rome (Italy), in which we performed a real-li

Yuxiang Qin, Vivian Poulin, Andrei Mesinger, Bradley Greig

The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) depends on the complex astrophysics governing the birth and evolution of the first galaxies and structures in the intergalactic medium. EoR models rely on cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations, and in particular the large-scale E-mode polarization power spectra (EE PS), to help constrain their highly uncertain paramet

Austin Christian, Youlin Li

We apply Menke's JSJ decomposition for symplectic fillings to several families of contact 3-manifolds. Among other results, we complete the classification up to orientation-preserving diffeomorphism of strong symplectic fillings of lens spaces. We show that exact symplectic fillings of contact manifolds obtained by surgery on certain Legendrian negative

Primoz Skraba, Katharine Turner

The stability of persistence diagrams is among the most important results in applied and computational topology. Most results in the literature phrase stability in terms of the bottleneck distance between diagrams and the $\infty$-norm of perturbations. This has two main implications: it makes the space of persistence diagrams rather pathological and it is o

Ingo Gühring, Mones Raslan

We examine the necessary and sufficient complexity of neural networks to approximate functions from different smoothness spaces under the restriction of encodable network weights. Based on an entropy argument, we start by proving lower bounds for the number of nonzero encodable weights for neural network approximation in Besov spaces, Sobolev spaces and more

G. E. Volovik

We discuss two scenarios of emergent gravity. In one of them the quantum vacuum is considered as superplastic crystal, and the effective gravity describes the dynamical elastic deformations of this crystal. In the other one the gravitational tetrads emerge as the bilinear form of the fermionic fields. In spite of the essentially different mechanisms of emerg

Jannes Gladrow, Ulrich F. Keyser, R. Adhikari, Julian Kappler

For diffusive stochastic dynamics, the probability to observe any individual trajectory is vanishingly small, making it unclear how to experimentally validate theoretical results for ratios of path probabilities. We provide the missing link between theory and experiment, by establishing a protocol to extract ratios of path probabilities from measured time se

Brian P. Dolan

Within the framework of the AdS/CMT correspondence asymptotically anti-de Sitter black holes in four space-time dimensions can be used to analyse transport properties in two space dimensions. A non-linear renormalisation group equation for the conductivity in two dimensions is derived in this model and, as an example of its application, both the Ohmic and Ha

Mohamed Taoufiq Damir, Guillermo Mantilla-Soler

Motivated by the behavior of the trace pairing over tame cyclic number fields, we introduce the notion of tame lattices. Given an arbitrary non-trivial lattice $\mathcal{L}$ we construct a parametric family of full-rank sub-lattices $\{\mathcal{L}_α\}$ of $\mathcal{L}$ such that whenever $\mathcal{L}$ is tame each $\mathcal{L}_α$ has a basis of minimal vecto

Siqi Bao, Huang He, Fan Wang, Hua Wu

To build a high-quality open-domain chatbot, we introduce the effective training process of PLATO-2 via curriculum learning. There are two stages involved in the learning process. In the first stage, a coarse-grained generation model is trained to learn response generation under the simplified framework of one-to-one mapping. In the second stage, a fine-grai

Zhi-Gang Wang, Hui-Juan Wang

In this article, we study the ground states and the first radial excited states of the flavor antitriplet heavy baryon states $Λ_Q$ and $Ξ_Q$ with the spin-parity $J^P={1\over 2}^{+}$ by carrying out the operator product expansion up to the vacuum condensates of dimension $10$ in a consistent way. We observe that the higher dimensional vacuum condensates pla

Damian Roessler, Stefan Schröer

Generalizing the Moret-Bailly pencil of supersingular abelian surfaces to higher dimensions, we construct for each field of characteristic p>0 a smooth projective variety with trivial dualizing sheaf that does not formally lift to characteristic zero. Our approach heavily relies on local unipotent group schemes, the Beauville--Bogomolov Decomposition for Käh

W. G. Jiang, A. Ekström, C. Forssén, G. Hagen

We optimize $Δ$-full nuclear interactions from chiral effective field theory. The low-energy constants of the contact potentials are constrained by two-body scattering phase shifts, and by properties of bound-state of $A=2$ to $4$ nucleon systems and nuclear matter. The pion-nucleon couplings are taken from a Roy-Steiner analysis. The resulting interactions

M. P. Panetta, M. Abbrescia, C. Avanzini, L. Baldini

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project employs Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chamber (MRPC) for studying the secondary cosmic ray muons in Extensive Air Showers. The array consists of about 60 tracking detectors, sparse on Italian territory and at CERN. The MRPCs are flowed with a gas mixture based on $C_2H_2F_4$ and $SF_6$, both of which are fluorinated greenh

Tomohiro Shitara, Motoaki Bamba, Fumiki Yoshihara, Tomoko Fuse

We investigate theoretically how the ground state of a qubit-resonator system in the deep-strong coupling (DSC) regime is affected by the coupling to an environment. We employ as a variational ansatz for the ground state of the qubit-resonator-environment system a superposition of coherent states displaced in qubit-state-dependent directions. We show that th

Min Li, Yulong Ao, Chao Yang

Despite numerous efforts for optimizing the performance of Sparse Matrix and Vector Multiplication (SpMV) on modern hardware architectures, few works are done to its sparse counterpart, Sparse Matrix and Sparse Vector Multiplication (SpMSpV), not to mention dealing with input vectors of varied sparsity. The key challenge is that depending on the sparsity lev

Joscha Henheik, Roderich Tumulka

A recently proposed approach for avoiding the ultraviolet divergence of Hamiltonians with particle creation is based on interior-boundary conditions (IBCs). The approach works well in the non-relativistic case, that is, for the Laplacian operator. Here, we study how the approach can be applied to Dirac operators. While this has been done successfully already

Jia-Xi Feng, Bao-Min Gu, Fu-Wen Shu

Regularized Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) theory of gravity in four dimensions is a new attempt to include nontrivial contributions of Gauss-Bonnet term. In this paper, we make a detailed analysis on possible constraints of the model parameters of the theory from recent cosmological observations, and some theoretical constraints as well. Our results show that

Paolo Pegolo, Federico Grasselli, Stefano Baroni

Thouless' quantization of adiabatic particle transport permits to associate an integer topological charge with each atom of an electronically gapped material. If these charges are additive and independent of atomic positions, they provide a rigorous definition of atomic oxidation states and atoms can be identified as integer-charge carriers in ionic cond

Mousumi Mandal, Dipak Kumar Pradhan

Let $D$ be a weighted oriented graph with the underlying graph $G$ when vertices with non-trivial weights are sinks and $I(D), I(G) $ be the edge ideals corresponding to $D$ and $G,$ respectively. We give explicit description of the symbolic powers of $I(D)$ using the concept of strong vertex covers. We show that the ordinary and symbolic powers of $I(D)$ an

V. A. Emelyanov

We find a coordinate-independent wave-packet solution of the massive Klein-Gordon equation with the conformal coupling to gravity in the de-Sitter universe. This solution can locally be represented through the superposition of positive-frequency plane waves at any space-time point, assuming that the scalar-field mass $M$ is much bigger than the de-Sitter Hub

Karima Makhlouf, Sami Zhioua, Catuscia Palamidessi

Fairness emerged as an important requirement to guarantee that Machine Learning (ML) predictive systems do not discriminate against specific individuals or entire sub-populations, in particular, minorities. Given the inherent subjectivity of viewing the concept of fairness, several notions of fairness have been introduced in the literature. This paper is a s

Chuhan Wu, Fangzhao Wu, Xiting Wang, Yongfeng Huang

News recommendation is important for online news services. Existing news recommendation models are usually learned from users' news click behaviors. Usually the behaviors of users with the same sensitive attributes (e.g., genders) have similar patterns and news recommendation models can easily capture these patterns. It may lead to some biases related to

Markus Holzmann

In this note the three dimensional Dirac operator $A_m$ with boundary conditions, which are the analogue of the two dimensional zigzag boundary conditions, is investigated. It is shown that $A_m$ is self-adjoint in $L^2(Ω;\mathbb{C}^4)$ for any open set $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^3$ and its spectrum is described explicitly in terms of the spectrum of the Dirichlet

Robert Geirhos, Kristof Meding, Felix A. Wichmann

A central problem in cognitive science and behavioural neuroscience as well as in machine learning and artificial intelligence research is to ascertain whether two or more decision makers (be they brains or algorithms) use the same strategy. Accuracy alone cannot distinguish between strategies: two systems may achieve similar accuracy with very different str

Hong-Li Zeng, Eugenio Mauri, Vito Dichio, Simona Cocco

We consider a population evolving due to mutation, selection and recombination, where selection includes single-locus terms (additive fitness) and two-loci terms (pairwise epistatic fitness). We further consider the problem of inferring fitness in the evolutionary dynamics from one or several snap-shots of the distribution of genotypes in the population. In

Jason T. Wright

I review the origins and development of the idea of Dyson spheres, their purpose, their engineering, and their detectability. I explicate the ways in which the popular imagining of them as monolithic objects would make them dynamically unstable under gravity and radiation pressure, and mechanically unstable to buckling. I develop a model for the radiative co

Nicholas Napolitano

Testing a video game is a critical step for the production process and requires a great effort in terms of time and resources spent. Some software houses are trying to use the artificial intelligence to reduce the need of human resources using systems able to replace a human agent. We study the possibility to use the Deep Reinforcement Learning to automate t

Bo Li, Xin Li, Wang Gao, Qing Jiang

Surface energy is fundamental in controlling surface properties and surface-driven processes like heterogeneous catalysis, as adsorption energy is. It is thus crucial to establish an effective scheme to determine surface energy and its relation with adsorption energy. Herein, we propose a model to quantify the effects of the intrinsic characteristics of mate

Markus Hittmeir

Fermat's well-known factorization algorithm is based on finding a representation of natural numbers $N$ as the difference of squares. In 1895, Lawrence generalized this idea and applied it to multiples $kN$ of the original number. A systematic approach to choose suitable values for $k$ was introduced by Lehman in 1974, which resulted in the first determi

Nakwoo Kim, Se-Jin Kim

We study the Hamilton-Jacobi formulation of effective mechanical actions associated with holographic renormalization group flows when the field theory is put on the sphere and mass terms are turned on. Although the system is supersymmetric and it is described by a superpotential, Hamilton's characteristic function is not readily given by the superpotenti

Hongyuan Mei, Guanghui Qin, Minjie Xu, Jason Eisner

Learning how to predict future events from patterns of past events is difficult when the set of possible event types is large. Training an unrestricted neural model might overfit to spurious patterns. To exploit domain-specific knowledge of how past events might affect an event's present probability, we propose using a temporal deductive database to trac

Abdellatif Elkachkouri, Allal Ghanmi

We investigate some spectral properties of the weighted quaternionic Cauchy transform when acting on the right quaternionic Hilbert space of Gaussian integrable functions. We study its boundedness, compactness, and memberships to the $k$-Schatten class, and we identify its range. This is done by means of its restriction to the n-th S-polyregular Bargmann spa

Zonglong Bai, Liming Shi, Jinwei Sun, Mads Græsbøll Christensen

Due to its self-regularizing nature and its ability to quantify uncertainty, the Bayesian approach has achieved excellent recovery performance across a wide range of sparse signal recovery applications. However, most existing methods are based on the real-value signal model, with the complex-value signal model rarely considered. Motivated by the adaptive lea

A. Pérez-Obiol, D. Gazda, E. Friedman, A. Gal

Conflicting values of the hypertriton ($_Λ^{3}$H) lifetime were extracted in recent relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments. The ALICE Collaboration's reported $_Λ^{3}$H lifetime $τ(_Λ^{3}$H) is compatible within measurement uncertainties with the free $Λ$ lifetime $τ_Λ$, as naively expected for a loosely bound $Λ$ hyperon in $_Λ^{3}$H, whereas STAR

V. P. Goncalves, W. K. Sauter

The exclusive production of axionlike particles (ALPs) by gluon -- induced interactions is investigated in this exploratory study considering $pp$ and $PbPb$ collisions for the energies of the next run of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Assuming the Duhram model, we estimate the associated cross sections for the rapidity ranges probed by central and forward

Antoine Boivin

In this paper, we define quantum toric varieties associated to an arbitrary fan in a finitely generated subgroup of some $\mathbb{R}^d$ generalizing the article arXiv:2002.03876 of Katzarkov, Lupercio, Meersseman and Verjovsky.

Thomas M. Moerland, Joost Broekens, Aske Plaat, Catholijn M. Jonker

Sequential decision making, commonly formalized as Markov Decision Process (MDP) optimization, is a important challenge in artificial intelligence. Two key approaches to this problem are reinforcement learning (RL) and planning. This paper presents a survey of the integration of both fields, better known as model-based reinforcement learning. Model-based RL

Benjamin Doerr, Frank Neumann

The theory of evolutionary computation for discrete search spaces has made significant progress in the last ten years. This survey summarizes some of the most important recent results in this research area. It discusses fine-grained models of runtime analysis of evolutionary algorithms, highlights recent theoretical insights on parameter tuning and parameter

Alejandra Aguirre-Santaella, Viviana Gammaldi, Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde, Daniel Nieto

In the absence of a clear hint of dark matter (DM) signals in the GeV regime so far, heavy, $\mathcal{O}$(TeV) DM candidates are gradually earning more and more attention within the community. Among others, extra-dimensional \textit{brane-world} models may produce thermal DM candidates with masses up to 100 TeV. These heavy DM candidates could be detected wi

Fei Qi

We study the covariant derivatives of an eigenfunction for the Laplace-Beltrami operator on a complete, connected Riemannian manifold with nonzero constant sectional curvature. We show that along every parallel tensor, the covariant derivative is a scalar multiple of the eigenfunction. We also show that the scalar is a polynomial depending on the eigenvalue

Diogo Seca, João Mendes-Moreira, Tiago Mendes-Neves, Ricardo Sousa

Clustering can be used to extract insights from data or to verify some of the assumptions held by the domain experts, namely data segmentation. In the literature, few methods can be applied in clustering qualitative values using the context associated with other variables present in the data, without losing interpretability. Moreover, the metrics for calcula

Nicolas Brantut, Franciscus M. Aben

We present a new type of transducer capable of measuring local pore fluid pressure in jacketed rock samples under elevated confining pressure conditions. The transducers are passive (strain-gauge based), of small size (7 mm in diameter at the contact with the rock and around 10 mm in length), and have minimal dead volume (a few mm$^3$). The transducers measu

N. Mishra, Bramha P. Pandey

We have investigated the impact of toxic N2O gas upon structural and electronic properties of 2D MoSe2 monolayer using DFT approach. In this work, as a result of N2O gas absorption, charge transfer, band gap and density of states (DOS) are changed and these parameters are extracted as electronic properties of 2D MoSe2 monolayer nano-gas sensor. Moreover, the

Xue Zhang, Qing-Guo Huang

We measure the expansion rate of the recent Universe and the calibration scale of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) from low-redshift data. BAO relies on the calibration scale, i.e., the sound horizon at the end of drag epoch $r_d$, which often imposes a prior of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurement from the Planck satellite. In order to mak

John B. Etnyre, Agniva Roy

We complete the classification of symplectic fillings of tight contact structures on lens spaces. In particular, we show that any symplectic filling $X$ of a virtually overtwisted contact structure on $L(p,q)$ has another symplectic structure that fills the universally tight contact structure on $L(p,q)$. Moreover, we show that the Stein filling of $L(p,q)$

Ittai Abraham, Danny Dolev, Gilad Stern

The celebrated result of Fischer, Lynch and Paterson is the fundamental lower bound for asynchronous fault tolerant computation: any 1-crash resilient asynchronous agreement protocol must have some (possibly measure zero) probability of not terminating. In 1994, Ben-Or, Kelmer and Rabin published a proof-sketch of a lesser known lower bound for asynchronous

Matthew Kellett, Alex Mitchell, Tim R. Morris

We show that perturbative quantum gravity based on the Einstein-Hilbert action, has a novel continuum limit. The renormalized trajectory emanates from the Gaussian fixed point along (marginally) relevant directions but enters the diffeomorphism invariant subspace only well below a dynamically generated scale. We show that for pure quantum gravity to second o

Matthew Hyde

In his 1990 paper, Jones proved the following: given $E \subseteq \mathbb{R}^2$, there exists a curve $Γ$ such that $E \subseteq Γ$ and \[ \mathscr{H}^1(Γ) \sim \text{diam}\, E + \sum_{Q} β_{E}(3Q)^2\ell(Q).\] Here, $β_E(Q)$ measures how far $E$ deviates from a straight line inside $Q$. This was extended by Okikiolu to subsets of $\mathbb{R}^n$ and by Schul