October 2020 arXiv papers — page 17

Aditi Dandapani, Philip Protter

In a series of recent papers, Damiano Brigo, Andrea Pallavicini, and co-authors have shown that the value of a contract in a Credit Valuation Adjustment (CVA) setting, being the sum of the cash flows, can be represented as a solution of a decoupled forward-backward stochastic differential equation (FBSDE). CVA is the difference between the risk-free portfoli

Christopher König, Mohammad Khosravi, Markus Maier, Roy S. Smith

This paper presents an automated, model-free, data-driven method for the safe tuning of PID cascade controller gains based on Bayesian optimization. The optimization objective is composed of data-driven performance metrics and modeled using Gaussian processes. We further introduce a data-driven constraint that captures the stability requirements from system

Vassos Hadzilacos, Xing Hu, Sam Toueg

We study the question of whether the "termination with probability 1" property of a randomized algorithm is preserved when one replaces the atomic registers that the algorithm uses with linearizable (implementations of) registers. We show that in general this is not so: roughly speaking, every randomized algorithm A has a corresponding algorithm A' that solv

Dario Augusto Borges Oliveira, Daniil Semin, Semen Zaytsev

Seismic data processing plays a major role in seismic exploration as it conditions much of the seismic interpretation performance. In this context, generating reliable post-stack seismic data depends also on disposing of an efficient pre-stack noise attenuation tool. Here we tackle ground roll noise, one of the most challenging and common noises observed in

M. Giselle Fernández-Godino, Michael J. Grosskopf, Julia B. Nakhleh, Brandon M. Wilson

A sustainable burn platform through inertial confinement fusion (ICF) has been an ongoing challenge for over 50 years. Mitigating engineering limitations and improving the current design involves an understanding of the complex coupling of physical processes. While sophisticated simulations codes are used to model ICF implosions, these tools contain necessar

S. Loukili, M. Maslouhi

In this paper we introduce a new probabilistic model for optimizing erasures occurring in data transmission using Parseval frames and a sequence of Bernoulli random variables associated to the channels of the transmission. We establish several results characterizing the optimal Parseval frames for our model. We show also that compared to existing models \cit

Andrew B. Lawson, Joanne Kim

The Covid-19 pandemic has spread across the world since the beginning of 2020. Many regions have experienced its effects. The state of South Carolina in the USA has seen cases since early March 2020 and a primary peak in early April 2020. A lockdown was imposed on April 6th but lifting of restrictions started on April 24th. The daily case and death data as r

Qiong Wu, Zhenming Liu

Large-scale interactive web services and advanced AI applications make sophisticated decisions in real-time, based on executing a massive amount of computation tasks on thousands of servers. Task schedulers, which often operate in heterogeneous and volatile environments, require high throughput, i.e., scheduling millions of tasks per second, and low latency,

N. Schanche, G. Hébrard, A. Collier Cameron, S. Dalal

We present the discovery of two new hot Jupiters identified from the WASP survey, WASP-186b and WASP-187b (TOI-1494.01 and TOI-1493.01). Their planetary nature was established from SOPHIE spectroscopic observations, and additional photometry was obtained from TESS. Stellar parameters for the host stars are derived from spectral line, IRFM, and isochrone plac

Mohammad Ghomi, James Wenk

We show that in Euclidean 3-space any closed curve which lies outside the unit sphere and contains the sphere within its convex hull has length at least $4\pi$. Equality holds only when the curve is composed of $4$ semicircles of length $\pi$, arranged in the shape of a baseball seam, as conjectured by V. A. Zalgaller in 1996.

Yunhe Feng, Dong Zhong, Peng Sun, Weijian Zheng

The micromobility is shaping first- and last-mile travels in urban areas. Recently, shared dockless electric scooters (e-scooters) have emerged as a daily alternative to driving for short-distance commuters in large cities due to the affordability, easy accessibility via an app, and zero emissions. Meanwhile, e-scooters come with challenges in city managemen

Jannat Tumpa, Riddhiman Adib, Dipranjan Das, Nathalie Abenoza

Diabetic eye diseases, particularly Diabetic Retinopathy,is the leading cause of vision loss worldwide and can be prevented by early diagnosis through annual eye-screenings. However, cost, healthcare disparities, cultural limitations, etc. are the main barriers against regular screening. Eye-screenings conducted in community events with native-speaking staff

Ssohrab Borhanian

We present a new Python package, gwbench, implementing the well-established Fisher information formalism as a fast and straightforward tool for the purpose of gravitational-wave benchmarking, i.e. the estimation of signal-to-noise ratios and measurement errors of gravitational waves observed by a network of detectors. Such an infrastructure is necessary due

Anshul Choudhary, John F. Lindner, Elliott G. Holliday, Scott T. Miller

Conventional neural networks are universal function approximators, but because they are unaware of underlying symmetries or physical laws, they may need impractically many training data to approximate nonlinear dynamics. Recently introduced Hamiltonian neural networks can efficiently learn and forecast dynamical systems that conserve energy, but they require

Dante A. B. Iozzo, Michael Boyle, Nils Deppe, Jordan Moxon

We present a detailed methodology for extracting the full set of Newman-Penrose Weyl scalars from numerically generated spacetimes without requiring a tetrad that is completely orthonormal or perfectly aligned to the principal null directions. We also describe how to implement an extrapolation technique for computing the Weyl scalars' contribution at asympto

David H. Wolpert, David Kinney

We present a computational model of mathematical reasoning according to which mathematics is a fundamentally stochastic process. That is, on our model, whether or not a given formula is deemed a theorem in some axiomatic system is not a matter of certainty, but is instead governed by a probability distribution. We then show that this framework gives a compel

Fangdi Wen, Xiaoran Liu, Mikhail Kareev, Tsung-Chi Wu

AB$_2$O$_4$ normal spinels with a magnetic B site can host a variety of magnetic and orbital frustrations leading to spin-liquid phases and field-induced phase transitions. Here we report the first epitaxial growth of (111)-oriented MgCr$_2$O$_4$ thin films. By characterizing the structural and electronic properties of films grown along (001) and (111) direc

Igor Khanonkin, Ori Eyal, Johann Peter Reithmaier, Gadi Eisenstein

We report a demonstration of the hallmark concept of quantum optics: periodic collapse and revival of quantum coherence (QCR) in a room temperature ensemble of quantum dots (QD). Control over quantum states, inherent to QCR, together with the dynamical QD properties present an opportunity for practical room temperature building blocks of quantum information

Ryan Kinser, Amrei Oswald

Our first collection of results parametrize (filtered) actions of a quantum Borel $U_q(\mathfrak{b}) \subset U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ on the path algebra of an arbitrary (finite) quiver. When $q$ is a root of unity, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for these actions to factor through corresponding finite-dimensional quotients, generalized Taft algebr

Keyi Wu, Peng Chen, Omar Ghattas

We develop a fast and scalable computational framework to solve large-scale and high-dimensional Bayesian optimal experimental design problems. In particular, we consider the problem of optimal observation sensor placement for Bayesian inference of high-dimensional parameters governed by partial differential equations (PDEs), which is formulated as an optimi

Wilka Carvalho, Anthony Liang, Kimin Lee, Sungryull Sohn

First-person object-interaction tasks in high-fidelity, 3D, simulated environments such as the AI2Thor virtual home-environment pose significant sample-efficiency challenges for reinforcement learning (RL) agents learning from sparse task rewards. To alleviate these challenges, prior work has provided extensive supervision via a combination of reward-shaping

Takahiro Hasebe, Ikkei Hotta

This paper defines the notion of generators for a class of decreasing radial Loewner chains which are only continuous with respect to time. For this purpose, "Loewner's integral equation" which generalizes Loewner's differential equation is defined and analyzed. The definition of generators is motivated by the L\'evy-Khintchine representation for additive pr

Assyr Abdulle, Giacomo Rosilho de Souza

Stabilized explicit methods are particularly efficient for large systems of stiff stochastic differential equations (SDEs) due to their extended stability domain. However, they loose their efficiency when a severe stiffness is induced by very few "fast" degrees of freedom, as the stiff and nonstiff terms are evaluated concurrently. Therefore, inspired by [A.

Xindong Wang, Xiao Chen, Liqin Ke, Hai-Ping Cheng

We propose a general variational fermionic many-body wavefunction that generates an effective Hamiltonian in a quadratic form, which can then be exactly solved. The theory can be constructed within the density functional theory framework, and a self-consistent scheme is proposed for solving the exact density functional theory. We apply the theory to structur

Joao Couto, Simon Musall, Xiaonan R Sun, Anup Khanal

Measurements of neuronal activity across brain areas are important for understanding the neural correlates of cognitive and motor processes like attention, decision-making, and action selection. However, techniques that allow cellular resolution measurements are expensive and require a high degree of technical expertise, which limits their broad use. Widefie

Jakob Henrichs, Margherita Lembo, Fabio Iocco, Luca Amendola

We test a Yukawa correction to the Newtonian potential, making use of our own Galaxy - the Milky Way - as a testbed. We include as free parameter the Yukawa strength and range and the dark matter profile parameters, and compare several morphologies for the bulge, gas, and disk components, also using Bayesian model selection criteria. We employ up-to-date dat

Daniel Vech, Mihailo M. Martinovic, Kristopher G. Klein, David M. Malaspina

Context. The first studies with Parker Solar Probe (PSP) data have made significant progress toward the understanding of the fundamental properties of ion cyclotron waves in the inner heliosphere. The survey mode particle measurements of PSP, however, did not make it possible to measure the coupling between electromagnetic fields and particles on the time sc

M. A. Thompson

In the light of the recent announcement of the discovery of the potential biosignature phosphine in the atmosphere of Venus I present an independent reanalysis of the original JCMT data to assess the statistical reliability of the detection. Two line detection methods are explored, low order polynomial fits and higher order multiple polynomial fits. A non-pa

Aniket Maurya

Recent developments in medical imaging with Deep Learning presents evidence of automated diagnosis and prognosis. It can also be a complement to currently available diagnosis methods. Deep Learning can be leveraged for diagnosis, severity prediction, intubation support prediction and many similar tasks. We present prediction of intubation support requirement

Philip J. Ball, Yingzhen Li, Angus Lamb, Cheng Zhang

Humans are efficient continual learning systems; we continually learn new skills from birth with finite cells and resources. Our learning is highly optimized both in terms of capacity and time while not suffering from catastrophic forgetting. In this work we study the efficiency of continual learning systems, taking inspiration from human learning. In partic

J. C. Phillips

Cytoskeletons are self-organized networks based on polymerized proteins: actin, tubulin, and driven by motor proteins, such as myosin, kinesin and dynein. Their positive Darwinian evolution enables them to approach optimized functionality (self-organized criticality). The principal features of the eukaryotic evolution of the cytoskeleton motor protein myosin

Pierre Mourier, Xisco Jiménez Forteza, Daniel Pook-Kolb, Badri Krishnan

It is expected that all astrophysical black holes in equilibrium are well described by the Kerr solution. Moreover, any black hole far away from equilibrium, such as one initially formed in a compact binary merger or by the collapse of a massive star, will eventually reach a final equilibrium Kerr state. At sufficiently late times in this process of reaching

Gabriele D'Amen, Michael Keach, Andrei Nomerotski, Peter Svihra

A new imaging technique for $\alpha$-particles using a fast optical camera focused on a thin scintillator is presented. As $\alpha$-particles interact in a thin layer of LYSO fast scintillator, they produce a localized flash of light. The light is collected with a lens to an intensified optical camera, Tpx3Cam, with single photon sensitivity and excellent sp

Elizabeth Fons, Paula Dawson, Xiao-jun Zeng, John Keane

Stock classification is a challenging task due to high levels of noise and volatility of stocks returns. In this paper we show that using transfer learning can help with this task, by pre-training a model to extract universal features on the full universe of stocks of the S$\&$P500 index and then transferring it to another model to directly learn a trading r

Mark Buckwell, Wing Hung Ng, Daniel John Mannion, Stephen Hudziak

Resistive random-access memories, also known as memristors, whose resistance can be modulated by the electrically driven formation and disruption of conductive filaments within an insulator, are promising candidates for neuromorphic applications due to their scalability, low-power operation and diverse functional behaviours. However, understanding the dynami

Renato M. Fonseca

GroupMath is a Mathematica package which performs several calculations related to semi-simple Lie algebras and the permutation groups, both of which are important in particle physics as well as in other areas of research.

Dominik A. Riechers, Hooshang Nayyeri, Denis Burgarella, Bjorn H. C. Emonts

We report new observations toward the hyper-luminous dusty starbursting major merger ADFS-27 (z=5.655), using ATCA and ALMA. We detect CO 2-1, 8-7, 9-8, 10-9 and H2O(321-221) emission, and a P-Cygni-shaped OH+(11-01) absorption/emission feature. We also tentatively detect H2O(321-312) and OH+(12-01) emission and CH+(1-0) absorption. We find a total cold mole

Robin Cockett, Geoff Cruttwell, Jonathan Gallagher, Dorette Pronk

Latent fibrations are an adaptation, appropriate for categories of partial maps (as presented by restriction categories), of the usual notion of fibration. The paper initiates the development of the basic theory of latent fibrations and explores some key examples. Latent fibrations cover a wide variety of examples, some of which are partial versions of stand

Houssine Zine, Adnane Boukhouima, El Mehdi Lotfi, Marouane Mahrouf

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a great threat to public health and the economy worldwide. Currently, COVID-19 evolves in many countries to a second stage, characterized by the need for the liberation of the economy and relaxation of the human psychological effects. To this end, numerous countries decided to implement adequate deconfinement strateg

Jeremie Coullon, Robert J Webber

We introduce a new Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampler for infinite-dimensional inverse problems. Our new sampler is based on the affine invariant ensemble sampler, which uses interacting walkers to adapt to the covariance structure of the target distribution. We extend this ensemble sampler for the first time to infinite-dimensional function spaces, yie

Tania Pernas-Castaño, Juan J. L. Velázquez

In this work we will study the dynamics of a thin layer of a viscous fluid which is embedded in the interior of another viscous fluid. The resulting flow can be approximated by means of the solutions of a free boundary problem for the Stokes equation in which one of the unknowns is the shape of a curve which approximates the geometry of the thin layer of flu

Dani Kaufman

We define the notion of an invariant function on a cluster ensemble with respect to an action of the cluster modular group on its associated function fields. We realize many examples of previously studied functions as elements of this type of invariant ring and give many new examples. We show that these invariants have geometric and number theoretic interpre

Marco Bontempi

Total rotation is a quantity that has been used for years in RSA. However, its definition has no mathematical sense, since the Euler angles do not form a vector space, since angles cannot define a multiplication group. With this work I tried to give a mathematical definition of the total rotation connecting the Euler description of the rotations with the hel

Christoph Schran, Fabien Brieuc, Dominik Marx

A previously published neural network potential for the description of protonated water clusters up to the protonated water tetramer, H$^+$(H$_2$O)$_4$, at essentially converged coupled cluster accuracy (J. Chem. Theory Comput. 16, 88 (2020)) is applied to the protonated water hexamer, H$^+$(H$_2$O)$_6$ -- a system that the neural network has never seen befo

Chen Wu, Xian Yang, Sencun Zhu, Prasenjit Mitra

Malicious clients can attack federated learning systems using malicious data, including backdoor samples, during the training phase. The compromised global model will perform well on the validation dataset designed for the task, but a small subset of data with backdoor patterns may trigger the model to make a wrong prediction. There has been an arms race bet

M. C. Baglio, D. M. Russell, S. Crespi, S. Covino

We report on an optical photometric and polarimetric campaign on the accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar (AMXP) SAX J1808.4-3658 during its 2019 outburst. The emergence of a low-frequency excess in the spectral energy distribution in the form of a red excess above the disc spectrum (seen most prominently in z, i and R-bands) is observed as the outburst evolve

Carl P. Goodrich, Ella M. King, Samuel S. Schoenholz, Ekin D. Cubuk

The inverse problem of designing component interactions to target emergent structure is fundamental to numerous applications in biotechnology, materials science, and statistical physics. Equally important is the inverse problem of designing emergent kinetics, but this has received considerably less attention. Using recent advances in automatic differentiatio

Tsun-An Hsieh, Cheng Yu, Szu-Wei Fu, Xugang Lu

Speech enhancement (SE) aims to improve speech quality and intelligibility, which are both related to a smooth transition in speech segments that may carry linguistic information, e.g. phones and syllables. In this study, we propose a novel phone-fortified perceptual loss (PFPL) that takes phonetic information into account for training SE models. To effectiv

Charles Weiner, Stephen Serjeant, Chris Sedgwick

Strong gravitational lensing is an ideal tool for mapping the distribution of dark matter and for testing the values of cosmological parameters. Forthcoming surveys such as Euclid and the Rubin Observatory LSST should increase the number of known strong lensing systems significantly, with for example over 100,000 such systems predicted in the Euclid wide sur

Swapnil Pravin, Brian Chang, Endao Han, Lionel London

The impact of single passive intruders into granular particles has been studied in detail. However, the impact force produced by multiple intruders separated at a distance from one another, and hence the effect of their presence in close proximity to one another, is largely unexplored. Here, we use numerical simulations and laboratory experiments to study th

Israel Leyva-Mayorga, Federico Chiariotti, Čedomir Stefanović, Anders E. Kalør

The fifth generation (5G) wireless system has a platform-driven approach, aiming to support heterogeneous connections with very diverse requirements. The shared wireless resources should be sliced in a way that each user perceives that its requirement has been met. Heterogeneity challenges the traditional notion of resource efficiency, as the resource usage

Cristiana Bertolin, Patrice Philippon, Biswajyoti Saha, Ekata Saha

In this article we study Semi-abelian analogues of Schanuel conjecture. As showed by the first author, Schanuel Conjecture is equivalent to the Generalized Period Conjecture applied to 1-motives without abelian part. Extending her methods, the second, the third and the fourth authors have introduced the Abelian analogue of Schanuel Conjecture as the Generali

Chao Zhang, Yuanwei Liu, Wenqiang Yi, Zhijin Qin

Semi-grant-free (Semi-GF) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) enables grant-free (GF) and grant-based (GB) users to share the same resource blocks, thereby balancing the connectivity and stability of communications. This letter analyzes ergodic rates of Semi-GF NOMA systems. First, this paper exploits a Semi-GF protocol, denoted as dynamic protocol, for se

Beniamin Costandin, Marius Costandin, Petru Dobra

Our contribution in this paper is two folded. We consider first the case of linear programming with real coefficients and give a method which allows the computation of a new upper bound on the distance from the origin to a feasible point. Next we present an application of the ellipsoid method to form a novel algorithm which allows one to search for the conti

M. S. Sidorenko, O. N. Sergaeva, Z. F. Sadrieva, C. Roques-Carmes

Being a general wave phenomenon, bound states in the continuum (BICs) appear in acoustic, hydrodynamic, and photonic systems of various dimensionalities. Here, we report the first experimental observation of an accidental electromagnetic BIC in a one-dimensional periodic chain of coaxial ceramic disks. We show that the accidental BIC manifests itself as a na

Christopher Künneth, Arunkumar Chitteth Rajan, Huan Tran, Lihua Chen

Modern data-driven tools are transforming application-specific polymer development cycles. Surrogate models that can be trained to predict the properties of new polymers are becoming commonplace. Nevertheless, these models do not utilize the full breadth of the knowledge available in datasets, which are oftentimes sparse; inherent correlations between differ

Alice Albonico, Guido Ascari, Alessandro Gobbi

We study the effects on economic activity of a pure temporary change in government debt and the relationship between the debt multiplier and the level of debt in an overlapping generations framework. The debt multiplier is positive but quite small during normal times while it is much larger during crises. Moreover, it increases with the steady state level of

Stephen R. Kane, Jacob L. Bean, Tiago L. Campante, Paul A. Dalba

The transit method of exoplanet discovery and characterization has enabled numerous breakthroughs in exoplanetary science. These include measurements of planetary radii, mass-radius relationships, stellar obliquities, bulk density constraints on interior models, and transmission spectroscopy as a means to study planetary atmospheres. The Transiting Exoplanet

Thomas Kahle, Dinh Van Le, Tim Römer

We relate finite generation of cones, monoids, and ideals in increasing chains (the local situation) to equivariant finite generation of the corresponding limit objects (the global situation). For cones and monoids there is no analog of Noetherianity as in the case of ideals and we demonstrate this in examples. As a remedy, we find local-global correspondenc

Simon Eismann, Long Bui, Johannes Grohmann, Cristina L. Abad

Serverless functions are a cloud computing paradigm where the provider takes care of resource management tasks such as resource provisioning, deployment, and auto-scaling. The only resource management task that developers are still in charge of is selecting how much resources are allocated to each worker instance. However, selecting the optimal size of serve

Yu Nakayama, Yusuke Nishida

Surface growth governed by the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation in dimensions higher than two undergoes a roughening transition from smooth to rough phases with increasing the nonlinearity. It is also known that the KPZ equation can be mapped onto quantum mechanics of attractive bosons with a contact interaction, where the roughening transition corresponds

Rachel Pries, Douglas Ulmer

Let $p$ be a prime number and let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p$. A $BT_1$ group scheme over $k$ is a finite commutative group scheme which arises as the kernel of $p$ on a $p$-divisible (Barsotti--Tate) group. We compare three classifications of $BT_1$ group schemes, due in large part to Kraft, Ekedahl, and Oort, and defined usin

Udit Gupta, Young Geun Kim, Sylvia Lee, Jordan Tse

Given recent algorithm, software, and hardware innovation, computing has enabled a plethora of new applications. As computing becomes increasingly ubiquitous, however, so does its environmental impact. This paper brings the issue to the attention of computer-systems researchers. Our analysis, built on industry-reported characterization, quantifies the enviro

S. O. Kepler, D. E. Winget, Zachary P. Vanderbosch, Barbara Garcia Castanheira

The pulsating hydrogen atmosphere white dwarf star G 117-B15A has been observed since 1974. Its main pulsation period at 215.19738823(63) s, observed in optical light curves, varies by only (5.12+/-0.82)x10^{-15} s/s and shows no glitches, as pulsars do. The observed rate of period change corresponds to a change of the pulsation period by 1 s in 6.2 million

Valentina Brosco, Laura Pilozzi, Rosario Fazio, Claudio Conti

Non-abelian gauge fields emerge naturally in the description of adiabatically evolving quantum systems having degenerate levels. Here we show that they also play a role in Thouless pumping in the presence of degenerate bands. To this end we consider a photonic Lieb lattice having two degenerate non-dispersive modes and we show that, when the lattice paramete

Boyo Chen, Buo-Fu Chen, Chun-Min Hsiao

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have achieved great success in analyzing tropical cyclones (TC) with satellite images in several tasks, such as TC intensity estimation. In contrast, TC structure, which is conventionally described by a few parameters estimated subjectively by meteorology specialists, is still hard to be profiled objectively and routinely.

Stefano Gasperini, Mohammad-Ali Nikouei Mahani, Alvaro Marcos-Ramiro, Nassir Navab

Panoptic segmentation has recently unified semantic and instance segmentation, previously addressed separately, thus taking a step further towards creating more comprehensive and efficient perception systems. In this paper, we present Panoster, a novel proposal-free panoptic segmentation method for LiDAR point clouds. Unlike previous approaches relying on se

A. Rigoni Garola, R. Cavazzana, M. Gobbin, R. S. Delogu

Recent advances in acquisition equipment is providing experiments with growing amounts of precise yet affordable sensors. At the same time an improved computational power, coming from new hardware resources (GPU, FPGA, ACAP), has been made available at relatively low costs. This led us to explore the possibility of completely renewing the chain of acquisitio

Wen Yan, Robert Blackwell

Many different simulation methods for Stokes flow problems involve a common computationally intense task -- the summation of a kernel function over $O(N^2)$ pairs of points. One popular technique is the Kernel Independent Fast Multipole Method (KIFMM), which constructs a spatial adaptive octree for all points and places a small number of equivalent multipole

Zachary M. Raines, Vladimir I. Fal'ko, Leonid I. Glazman

We develop the theory of collective modes supported by a Fermi liquid of electrons in pristine graphene. Under reasonable assumptions regarding the electron-electron interaction, all the modes but the plasmon are over-damped. In addition to the $SU(2)$ symmetric spin mode, these include also the valley imbalance modes obeying a $U(1)$ symmetry, and a $U(2)$

Ugo Rosolia, Yingzhao Lian, Emilio T. Maddalena, Giancarlo Ferrari-Trecate

In this technical note we analyse the performance improvement and optimality properties of the Learning Model Predictive Control (LMPC) strategy for linear deterministic systems. The LMPC framework is a policy iteration scheme where closed-loop trajectories are used to update the control policy for the next execution of the control task. We show that, when a

Mantas Zilinskas, Yamila Miguel, Yipeng Lyu, Morris Bax

We show that in extremely irradiated atmospheres of hot super-Earths shortwave absorption of CN can cause strong temperature inversions. We base this study on previous observations of 55 Cancri e, which lead us to believe that ultra-short-period super-Earths can sustain volatile atmospheres, rich in nitrogen and/or carbon. We compute our model atmospheres in

Vitor Cardoso, Caio F. B. Macedo, Rodrigo Vicente

Searches for gravitational waves from compact binaries focus mostly on quasi-circular motion, with the rationale that wave emission circularizes the orbit. Here, we study the generality of this result, when astrophysical environments (e.g., accretion disks) or other fundamental interactions are taken into account. We are motivated by possible electromagnetic

Dhriti Sundar Patra, Vladimir Rovenski

Many authors have studied Ricci solitons and their analogs within the framework of (almost) contact geometry. In this article, we thoroughly study the $(m,\rho)$-quasi-Einstein structure on a contact metric manifold. First, we prove that if a $K$-contact or Sasakian manifold $M^{2n+1}$ admits a closed $(m,\rho)$-quasi-Einstein structure, then it is an Einste

Yiwei Luo, Dallas Card, Dan Jurafsky

Citing opinions is a powerful yet understudied strategy in argumentation. For example, an environmental activist might say, "Leading scientists agree that global warming is a serious concern," framing a clause which affirms their own stance ("that global warming is serious") as an opinion endorsed ("[scientists] agree") by a reputable source ("leading"). In

Joseph Sullivan, Arpit Dua, Meng Cheng

In three dimensions, gapped phases can support "fractonic" quasiparticle excitations, which are either completely immobile or can only move within a low-dimensional submanifold, a peculiar topological phenomenon going beyond the conventional framework of topological quantum field theory. In this work we explore fractonic topological phases using three-dimens

Sean N. Raymond, Nathan A. Kaib, Philip J. Armitage, Jonathan J. Fortney

The orbital architecture of the Solar System is thought to have been sculpted by a dynamical instability among the giant planets. During the instability a primordial outer disk of planetesimals was destabilized and ended up on planet-crossing orbits. Most planetesimals were ejected into interstellar space but a fraction were trapped on stable orbits in the K

Giorgos Anastasiou, Ignacio J. Araya, Rodrigo Olea

We extend Maldacena's argument, namely, obtaining Einstein gravity from Conformal Gravity, to six dimensional manifolds. The proof relies on a particular combination of conformal (and topological) invariants, which makes manifest the fact that 6D Conformal Gravity admits an Einstein sector. Then, by taking generalized Neumann boundary conditions, the Conform

D. G. Levkov, A. G. Panin, I. I. Tkachev

We advance theoretical methods for studying propagation effects in the Fast Radio Burst (FRB) spectra. We derive their autocorrelation function in the model with diffractive lensing and strong Kolmogorov-type scintillations and analytically obtain the spectra lensed on different plasma density profiles. With these tools, we reanalyze the highest frequency 4-

Meng Lu, Andrew Michael Levin, Congqiao Li, Antonios Agapitos

An electron-muon collider with an asymmetric collision profile targeting multi-ab$^{-1}$ integrated luminosity is proposed. This novel collider, operating at collisions energies of e.g. 20-200 GeV, 50-1000 GeV and 100-3000 GeV, would be able to probe charged lepton flavor violation and measure Higgs boson properties precisely. The collision of an electron an

R. Allart, L. Pino, C. Lovis, S. G. Sousa

The study of exoplanet atmospheres is essential to understand the formation, evolution and composition of exoplanets. The transmission spectroscopy technique is playing a significant role in this domain. In particular, the combination of state-of-the-art spectrographs at low- and high-spectral resolution is key to our understanding of atmospheric structure a

J. R. Mullaney, L. Makrygianni, V. Dhillon, S. Littlefair

The past few decades have seen the burgeoning of wide field, high cadence surveys, the most formidable of which will be the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) to be conducted by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. So new is the field of systematic time-domain survey astronomy, however, that major scientific insights will continue to be obtained using smaller,

Raphael Skalidis, Konstantinos Tassis

Dust polarization is a powerful tool for studying the magnetic field properties in the interstellar medium (ISM). However, it does not provide a direct measurement of its strength. Different methods havebeen developed which employ both polarization and spectroscopic data in order to infer the field strength. The most widely applied methods have been develope

Sergei Gukov, James Halverson, Fabian Ruehle, Piotr Sułkowski

We introduce natural language processing into the study of knot theory, as made natural by the braid word representation of knots. We study the UNKNOT problem of determining whether or not a given knot is the unknot. After describing an algorithm to randomly generate $N$-crossing braids and their knot closures and discussing the induced prior on the distribu

Saili Dutta, Nishikanta Khandai

We present the conditional HI (neutral hydrogen) Mass Function (HIMF) conditioned on observed optical properties, $M_{\text{r}}$ ($r$-band absolute magnitude) and $C_{\text{ur}}$ ($u-r$ color), for a sample of 7709 galaxies from ALFALFA (40% data release - $\alpha.40$) which overlaps with a common volume in SDSS DR7. Based on the conditional HIMF we find tha

Daniela Galárraga-Espinosa, Nabila Aghanim, Mathieu Langer, Hideki Tanimura

We present the study of gas phases around cosmic-web filaments detected in the TNG300-1 hydro-dynamical simulation at redshift z=0. We separate the gas in five different phases according to temperature and density. We show that filaments are essentially dominated by gas in the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM), which accounts for more than 80% of the bary

Fabian M. Schaller, Jenny Wagner, Sebastian C. Kapfer

A common challenge in scientific and technical domains is the quantitative description of geometries and shapes, e.g. in the analysis of microscope imagery or astronomical observation data. Frequently, it is desirable to go beyond scalar shape metrics such as porosity and surface to volume ratios because the samples are anisotropic or because direction-depen

Elisabeth Wybo, Frank Pollmann, S. L. Sondhi, Yizhi You

In this work, we present a quantum information framework for the entanglement behavior of the low energy quasiparticle (QP) excitations in various quantum phases in one-dimensional (1D) systems. We first establish an exact correspondence between the correlation matrix and the QP entanglement Hamiltonian for free fermions and find an extended in-gap state in

Hiroki Nagakura, Kenta Hotokezaka

We present a comprehensive study of neutrino shock acceleration in core-collapse supernova (CCSN). The leading players are heavy leptonic neutrinos, $\nu_{\mu}$ and $\nu_{\tau}$; the former and latter potentially gain the energy up to $\sim 100$ MeV and $\sim 200$ MeV, respectively, through the shock acceleration. Demonstrating the neutrino shock acceleratio

Felipe O. Alves, L. Ilsedore Cleeves, Josep M. Girart, Zhaohuan Zhu

While it is widely accepted that planets are formed in protoplanetary disks, there is still much debate on when this process happens. In a few cases protoplanets have been directly imaged, but for the vast majority of systems, disk gaps and cavities -- seen especially in dust continuum observations -- have been the strongest evidence of recent or on-going pl

Govert Nijs, Wilke van der Schee, Umut Gürsoy, Raimond Snellings

We introduce a model for heavy ion collisions named Trajectum, which includes an expanded initial stage with a variable free streaming velocity $v_{\rm fs}$ and a hydrodynamic stage with three varying second order transport coefficients. We describe how to obtain a Gaussian Emulator for this 20-parameter model and show results for key observables. This emula

Christian B. Jepsen, Igor R. Klebanov, Fedor K. Popov

We study quantum field theories with sextic interactions in $3-\epsilon$ dimensions, where the scalar fields $\phi^{ab}$ form irreducible representations under the $O(N)^2$ or $O(N)$ global symmetry group. We calculate the beta functions up to four-loop order and find the Renormalization Group fixed points. In an example of large $N$ equivalence, the parent

Wei-Xiang Feng, Hai-Bo Yu, Yi-Ming Zhong

Observations show that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with a mass of $\sim10^9 M_\odot$ exist when the Universe is just $6\%$ of its current age. We propose a scenario where a self-interacting dark matter halo experiences gravothermal instability and its central region collapses into a seed black hole. The presence of baryons in protogalaxies could signifi

M. S. Mirakhor, S. A. Walker, J. Bagchi, A. C. Fabian

We present a deep XMM-Newton observation of the extremely massive, rapidly rotating, relativistic-jet-launching spiral galaxy 2MASX J23453268-0449256. Diffuse X-ray emission from the hot gaseous halo around the galaxy is robustly detected out to a radius of 160 kpc, corresponding roughly to 35 per cent of the virial radius ($\approx 450$ kpc). We fit the X-r

Govert Nijs, Wilke van der Schee, Umut Gürsoy, Raimond Snellings

The understanding of heavy ion collisions and its quark-gluon plasma formation requires a complicated interplay of rich physics in a wealth of experimental data. In this work we compare for identified particles the transverse momentum dependence of both the yields and the anisotropic flow coefficients for both PbPb and $p$Pb collisions. We do this in a globa

Katherine Fraser, Aditya Parikh, Weishuang Linda Xu

A statistically significant excess of gamma rays has been reported and robustly confirmed in the Galactic Center over the past decade. Large local dark matter densities suggest that this Galactic Center Excess (GCE) may be attributable to new physics, and indeed it has been shown that this signal is well-modelled by annihilations dominantly into $b\bar{b}$ w

M. J. Doherty, J. E. Geach, R. J. Ivison, S. Dye

We present new observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array of the 122um and 205um fine-structure line emission of singly-ionised nitrogen in a strongly lensed starburst galaxy at z=2.6. The 122/205um [NII] line ratio is sensitive to electron density, n_e, in the ionised interstellar medium, and we use this to measure n_e~300cm^-3 aver

Joseph Sullivan, Thomas Iadecola, Dominic J. Williamson

We present a coupled-wire construction of a model with chiral fracton topological order. The model combines the known construction of $\nu=1/m$ Laughlin fractional quantum Hall states with a planar p-string condensation mechanism. The bulk of the model supports gapped immobile fracton excitations that generate a hierarchy of mobile composite excitations. Ope

Agnese Bissi, Andrea Manenti, Alessandro Vichi

We perform a numerical bootstrap study of the mixed correlator system containing the half-BPS operators of dimension two and three in $\mathcal N = 4$ Super Yang-Mills. This setup improves on previous works in the literature that only considered single correlators of one or the other operator. We obtain upper bounds on the leading twist in a given representa

Stephon Alexander, Leah Jenks, Evan McDonough

Little is known about dark matter beyond the fact that it does not interact with the standard model or itself, or else does so incredibly weakly. A natural candidate, given the history of no-go theorems against their interactions, are higher spin fields. Here we develop the scenario of higher spin (spin $s>2$) dark matter. We show that the gravitational prod