December 2020 arXiv papers — page 107

Dennis Ulmer, Giovanni Cinà

A crucial requirement for reliable deployment of deep learning models for safety-critical applications is the ability to identify out-of-distribution (OOD) data points, samples which differ from the training data and on which a model might underperform. Previous work has attempted to tackle this problem using uncertainty estimation techniques. However, there

Nurit Spingarn-Eliezer, Ron Banner, Tomer Michaeli

Recent research has shown remarkable success in revealing "steering" directions in the latent spaces of pre-trained GANs. These directions correspond to semantically meaningful image transformations e.g., shift, zoom, color manipulations), and have similar interpretable effects across all categories that the GAN can generate. Some methods focus on us

János Kollár

We consider the minimal model program for varieties that are not Q-factorial. We show that, in many cases, its steps are simpler than expected. In particular, all flips are 1-complemented. The main applications are to log terminal singularities, removing the earlier Q-factoriality assumption from several theorems of Hacon--Witaszek and de~Fernex--Koll\'ar--X

Edwige Cyffers, Aurélien Bellet

Analyzing data owned by several parties while achieving a good trade-off between utility and privacy is a key challenge in federated learning and analytics. In this work, we introduce a novel relaxation of local differential privacy (LDP) that naturally arises in fully decentralized algorithms, i.e., when participants exchange information by communicating al

Robbie Sadre, Colin Ophus, Anstasiia Butko, Gunther H Weber

Phase contrast transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for imaging the local atomic structure of materials. TEM has been used heavily in studies of defect structures of 2D materials such as monolayer graphene due to its high dose efficiency. However, phase contrast imaging can produce complex nonlinear contrast, even for weakly-scattering s

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta, T. Ackernley

The time-dependent $CP$ asymmetries of $B^0\to \pi^+\pi^-$ and $B^0_\mathrm{s}\!\to K^+K^-$ decays are measured using a data sample of $pp$ collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.9 fb$^{-1}$, collected with the LHCb detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The results are \begin{eqnarray*} C_{\pi\pi} & = & -0.311 \pm 0.045 \pm 0.015,

Erisa Hasani, Kanishka Perera

We study a class of critical Kirchhoff problems with a general nonlocal term. The main difficulty here is the absence of a closed-form formula for the compactness threshold. First we obtain a variational characterization of this threshold level. Then we prove a series of existence and multiplicity results based on this variational characterization.

Xavier Allamigeon, Stéphane Gaubert, Frédéric Meunier

Linear complementarity programming is a generalization of linear programming which encompasses the computation of Nash equilibria for bimatrix games. While the latter problem is PPAD-complete, we show that the tropical analogue of the complementarity problem associated with Nash equilibria can be solved in polynomial time. Moreover, we prove that the Lemke--

Kevin Liang, S. A. Wadood, A. N. Vamivakas

The quantum Fisher information (FI), when applied to the estimation of the separation of two point sources, has been shown to be non-zero in cases where the coherence between the sources are known. Although it has been claimed that ignorance of the coherence causes the quantum FI to vanish (a resurgence of Rayleigh's curse), a more complete analysis incl

Bart van Voorden, Matteo Marcuzzi, Kareljan Schoutens, Jiří Minář

We consider a model arising in facilitated Rydberg chains with positional disorder which features a Hilbert space with the topology of a $d$-dimensional hypercube. This allows for a straightforward interpretation of the many-body dynamics in terms of a single particle one on the Hilbert space and provides an explicit link between the many-body and single par

Ahmet Gungor, Muhammad Saif Ullah Khalid, Arman Hemmati

This study was inspired from the swimming habits of red nose tetra fish that prefer side-by-side configurations and exhibit changes to their synchronization mid-swimming. Using numerical simulations, alterations to the unsteady wake dynamics imposed by abrupt changes in the phase angle between two pitching side-by-side foils were examined at Reynolds number

Frank Schindler

In this tutorial, we pedagogically review recent developments in the field of non-interacting fermionic phases of matter, focussing on the low energy description of higher-order topological insulators in terms of the Dirac equation. Our aim is to give a mostly self-contained treatment. After introducing the Dirac approximation of topological crystalline band

Petr Pushkar, Misha Tyomkin

Morse function is called strong if all its critical values are pairwise distinct. Given such a function $f$ and a field $\mathbb{F}$ Barannikov constructed a pairing of some of the critical points of $f$, which is now also known as barcode. With every Barannikov pair we naturally associate (up to sign) an element of $\mathbb{F} \setminus \{0\}$; we call it B

David C. Norris

If explicit, formal consideration of clinical pharmacology at all informs the design and conduct of modern oncology dose-finding trials, the designs themselves hardly attest to this. Yet in conducting a trial, investigators affirm that they hold reasonable expectations of participant safety - expectations that necessarily depend on beliefs about how certain

J. Cricelio Montesinos-López, Antonio Capella, J. Andrés Christen, Josué Tago

We propose an efficient Bayesian approach to infer a fault displacement from geodetic data in a slow slip event. Our physical model of the slip process reduces to a multiple linear regression subject to constraints. Assuming a Gaussian model for the geodetic data and considering a multivariate truncated normal prior distribution for the unknown fault slip, t

Amos Chan, Andrea De Luca, J. T. Chalker

We consider the spectral statistics of the Floquet operator for disordered, periodically driven spin chains in their quantum chaotic and many-body localized phases (MBL). The spectral statistics are characterized by the traces of powers $t$ of the Floquet operator, and our approach hinges on the fact that, for integer $t$ in systems with local interactions,

Imelda Trejo, Nicolas Hengartner

Fitting Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) models to incidence data is problematic when not all infected individuals are reported. Assuming an underlying SIR model with general but known distribution for the time to recovery, this paper derives the implied differential-integral equations for observed incidence data when a fixed fraction of newly infected i

Nils Margenberg, Christian Lessig, Thomas Richter

The simulation of partial differential equations is a central subject of numerical analysis and an indispensable tool in science, engineering and related fields. Existing approaches, such as finite elements, provide (highly) efficient tools but deep neural network-based techniques emerged in the last few years as an alternative with very promising results. W

Xianghan Xu, Fei-Ting Huang, Yubo Qi, Sobhit Singh

HfO2, a simple binary oxide, holds ultra-scalable ferroelectricity integrable into silicon technology. Polar orthorhombic (Pbc21) form in ultra-thin-films ascribes as the plausible root-cause of the astonishing ferroelectricity, which has thought not attainable in bulk crystals. Though, perplexities remain primarily due to the polymorphic nature and the char

Ilya V. Doronin, Alexander A. Zyablovsky, Evgeny S. Andrianov

The creation of nanoscale lasers that operate above a coherent threshold is a challenging problem. We propose a way to circumvent this issue using systems in which a strong coupling regime is achieved between the light and the active medium. In the strong coupling regime, energy oscillations take place between the EM field in the cavity and the atoms. By app

Maria Chudnovsky, Alex Scott, Paul Seymour, Sophie Spirkl

Motivated by an application in condensed matter physics and quantum information theory, we prove that every non-null even-hole-free claw-free graph has a simplicial clique, that is, a clique $K$ such that for every vertex $v \in K$, the set of neighbours of $v$ outside of $K$ is a clique. In fact, we prove the existence of a simplicial clique in a more gener

Fernando Castro-Prado, Javier Costas, Dominic Edelmann, Wenceslao González-Manteiga

Understanding epistasis (genetic interaction) may shed some light on the genomic basis of common diseases, including disorders of maximum interest due to their high socioeconomic burden, like schizophrenia. Distance correlation is an association measure that characterises general statistical independence between random variables, not only the linear one. Her

Wilmar Cardona, Rubén Arjona, Alejandro Estrada, Savvas Nesseris

Cosmological constraints of Modified Gravity (MG) models are seldom carried out rigorously. First, even though general MG models evolve differently (i.e., background and perturbations) to the standard cosmological model, it is usual to assume a $\Lambda$CDM background. This treatment is not correct and in the era of precision cosmology could induce undesired

Connor Paul Wilson

We give an improved bound on the famed sum-product estimate in a field of residue class modulo $p$ ($\mathbb{F}_{p}$) by Erdős and Szemeredi, and a non-empty set $A \subset \mathbb{F}_{p}$ such that: $$ \max \{|A+A|,|A A|\} \gg \min \left\{\frac{|A|^{15 / 14} \max \left\{1,|A|^{1 / 7} p^{-1 / 14}\right\}}{(\log |A|)^{2 / 7}}, \frac{|A|^{11 / 12} p^{1 / 12}}{

B. Appelbe, A. L. Velikovich, M. Sherlock, C. A. Walsh

High energy gain in inertial fusion schemes requires the propagation of a thermonuclear burn wave from hot to cold fuel. We consider the problem of burn propagation when a magnetic field is orthogonal to the burn wave. Using an extended-MHD model with a magnetized $\alpha$ energy transport equation we find that the magnetic field can reduce the rate of burn

Muhammad Ahsan Khan

Let $A_\Phi$ be a matrix valued truncated Toeplitz operator-the compression of multiplication operator to vector-valued model space $H^2(E)\ominus \Theta H^2(E)$, where $\Theta$ is a matrix valued non constant inner function. Under supplementary assumptions, we find necessary and sufficient condition that the product $A_\Phi A_\Psi$ is itself a matrix valued

Luiz L. Lopes

In this work we study how the small contribution of the inner crust to the total equation of state (EoS) of a neutron star affects its mass-radius relation, focusing on the canonical mass of 1.4$M_\odot$. We build empirical EoS of the kind - $p = K\epsilon^{\gamma} + b$ - in the range of 0.003 fm$^{-3}~<~n~<~$0.08 fm$^{-3}$ and also calculate the speed of so

Rupert Coy, Thomas Hambye

If the stability of the dark matter (DM) particle is due to an accidental symmetry, nothing prevents UV physics from destabilising it by inducing DM decays suppressed by powers of the UV scale. The seesaw physics, presumably at the origin of neutrino mass, could induce such a decay. We show that if the seesaw scale lies around the usual Weinberg operator sca

Yu Yao, Henning Schlömer, Zhengzhi Ma, Lorenzo Campos Venuti

We consider topological protection mechanisms in dissipative quantum systems in the presence of quenched disorder, with the intent to prolong coherence times of qubits. The physical setting is a network of qubits and dissipative cavities whose coupling parameters are tunable, such that topological edge states can be stabilized. The evolution of a fiducial qu

Matthew J. Muckley, Bruno Riemenschneider, Alireza Radmanesh, Sunwoo Kim

Accelerating MRI scans is one of the principal outstanding problems in the MRI research community. Towards this goal, we hosted the second fastMRI competition targeted towards reconstructing MR images with subsampled k-space data. We provided participants with data from 7,299 clinical brain scans (de-identified via a HIPAA-compliant procedure by NYU Langone

Dorival Gonçalves, Tao Han, Sze Ching Iris Leung, Han Qin

We explore the new physics reach for the off-shell Higgs boson measurement in the ${pp \to H^* \rightarrow Z(\ell^{+}\ell^{-})Z(\nu\bar{\nu})}$ channel at the high-luminosity LHC. The new physics sensitivity is parametrized in terms of the Higgs boson width, effective field theory framework, and a non-local Higgs-top coupling form factor. Adopting Machine-le

Alessio Colucci, Dávid Juhász, Martin Mosbeck, Alberto Marchisio

Embedded systems have proliferated in various consumer and industrial applications with the evolution of Cyber-Physical Systems and the Internet of Things. These systems are subjected to stringent constraints so that embedded software must be optimized for multiple objectives simultaneously, namely reduced energy consumption, execution time, and code size. C

Andrea Ruggieri, Francesco Stranieri, Fabio Stella, Marco Scutari

Incomplete data are a common feature in many domains, from clinical trials to industrial applications. Bayesian networks (BNs) are often used in these domains because of their graphical and causal interpretations. BN parameter learning from incomplete data is usually implemented with the Expectation-Maximisation algorithm (EM), which computes the relevant su

Tom Hanika, Johannes Hirth

We present a novel approach for data set scaling based on scale-measures from formal concept analysis, i.e., continuous maps between closure systems, and derive a canonical representation. Moreover, we prove said scale-measures are lattice ordered with respect to the closure systems. This enables exploring the set of scale-measures through by the use of meet

Lorenzo Valerio, Andrea Passarella, Marco Conti

The exponential growth of devices and data at the edges of the Internet is rising scalability and privacy concerns on approaches based exclusively on remote cloud platforms. Data gravity, a fundamental concept in Fog Computing, points towards decentralisation of computation for data analysis, as a viable alternative to address those concerns. Decentralising

Piotr Czarnik, Marek M. Rams, Philippe Corboz, Jacek Dziarmaga

The two-dimensional infinite projected entangled pair states tensor network is evolved in imaginary time with the full update (FU) algorithm to simulate the Shastry-Sutherland model in a magnetic field at finite temperature directly in the thermodynamic limit. We focus on the phase transition into the $m=1/2$ magnetization plateau, which was observed in expe

Mattia Manucci, Jose Vicente Aguado, Domenico Borzacchiello

In this paper we show the use of the focal underdetermined system solver to recover sparse empirical quadrature rules for parametrized integrals from existing data, consisting of the values of given parametric functions sampled on a discrete set of points. This algorithm, originally proposed for image and signal reconstruction, relies on an approximated $\el

Marc Geiller, Christophe Goeller

We study the finite distance boundary symmetry current algebra of the most general first order theory of 3d gravity. We show that the space of quadratic generators contains diffeomorphisms but also a notion of dual diffeomorphisms, which together form either a double Witt or centreless BMS$_3$ algebra. The relationship with the usual asymptotic symmetry alge

Johann Higl, Ewald Mueller, Achim Weiss

The extent of mixed regions around convective zones is one of the biggest uncertainties in stellar evolution. 1D overshooting descriptions introduce a free parameter ($f_{ov}$) that is in general not well constrained from observations. Especially in small central convective regions the value is highly uncertain due to its tight connection to the pressure sca

Sergio C. de la Barrera, Qingrui Cao, Yang Gao, Yuan Gao

Ferroelectricity, the electrostatic counterpart to ferromagnetism, has long been thought to be incompatible with metallicity due to screening of electric dipoles and external electric fields by itinerant charges. Recent measurements, however, demonstrated signatures of ferroelectric switching in the electrical conductance of bilayers and trilayers of WTe$_2$

Paul Webster, Michael Vasmer, Thomas R. Scruby, Stephen D. Bartlett

The quantum logic gates used in the design of a quantum computer should be both universal, meaning arbitrary quantum computations can be performed, and fault-tolerant, meaning the gates keep errors from cascading out of control. A number of no-go theorems constrain the ways in which a set of fault-tolerant logic gates can be universal. These theorems are ver

Jonas Haferkamp, Nicholas Hunter-Jones

Random quantum circuits are a central concept in quantum information theory with applications ranging from demonstrations of quantum computational advantage to descriptions of scrambling in strongly-interacting systems and black holes. The utility of random quantum circuits in these settings stems from their ability to rapidly generate quantum pseudo-randomn

Jay Hubisz, Bharath Sambasivam, Judah Unmuth-Yockey

Certain aspects of some unitary quantum systems are well-described by evolution via a non-Hermitian effective Hamiltonian, as in the Wigner-Weisskopf theory for spontaneous decay. Conversely, any non-Hermitian Hamiltonian evolution can be accommodated in a corresponding unitary system + environment model via a generalization of Wigner-Weisskopf theory. This

Rafael Aoude, Kays Haddad, Andreas Helset

Expanding on the recent derivation of tidal actions for scalar particles, we present here the action for a tidally deformed spin-$1/2$ particle. Focusing on operators containing two powers of the Weyl tensor, we combine the Hilbert series with an on-shell amplitude basis to construct the tidal action. With the tidal action in hand, we compute the leading-pos

Yves H. Kwan, T. Devakul, S. L. Sondhi, S. A. Parameswaran

We develop a theory of the excitonic phase recently proposed as the zero-field insulating state observed near charge neutrality in monolayer WTe$_2$. Using a Hartree-Fock approximation, we numerically identify two distinct gapped excitonic phases: a spin density wave state for weak non-zero interaction strength and spin spiral order at stronger interactions,

Nithyanandan Thyagarajan, Christopher L. Carilli

Closure phase is the phase of a closed-loop product of correlations in a $\ge 3$-element interferometer array. Its invariance to element-based phase corruption makes it invaluable for interferometric applications that otherwise require high-accuracy phase calibration. However, its understanding has remained mainly mathematical and limited to the aperture pla

Paul A. Dalba, Stephen R. Kane, Steve B. Howell, Elliott P. Horch

We conducted speckle imaging observations of 53 stellar systems that were members of long-term radial velocity (RV) monitoring campaigns and exhibited substantial accelerations indicative of planetary or stellar companions in wide orbits. Our observations were made with blue and red filters using the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument at Gemini-South and

R. Michael Jennings, Yuan Li

Thermal instability (TI) plays a crucial role in the formation of multiphase structures and their dynamics in the Interstellar Medium (ISM) and is a leading theory for cold cloud creation in various astrophysical environments. In this paper we use two-dimensional (2D) simulations to investigate thermal instability under the influence of various initial condi

Thorben Finke, Michael Krämer, Silvia Manconi

Despite the growing number of gamma-ray sources detected by Fermi-LAT, about one third of the sources in each survey remains of uncertain type. We present a new deep neural network approach for the classification of unidentified or unassociated gamma-ray sources in the last release of the Fermi-LAT catalogue (4FGL-DR2) obtained with 10 years of data. In cont

Rodrigo Ibata, Foivos Diakogiannis, Benoit Famaey, Giacomo Monari

We introduce the "ACTIONFINDER", a deep learning algorithm designed to transform a sample of phase-space measurements along orbits in a static potential into action and angle coordinates. The algorithm finds the mapping from positions and velocities to actions and angles in an unsupervised way, by using the fact that points along the same orbit have identica

Mattia Cesaro, Oscar Varela

Using Exceptional Field Theory, we determine the infinite-dimensional mass matrices for the gravitino and spin-$1/2$ Kaluza-Klein perturbations above a class of anti-de Sitter solutions of M-theory and massive type IIA string theory with topologically-spherical internal spaces. We then use these mass matrices to compute the spectrum of Kaluza-Klein fermions

Mahdieh Pourjafarabadi, Hanieh Najafzadeh, Mohammad-Sadegh Vaezi, Abolhassan Vaezi

We investigate the second quantization form of the entanglement Hamiltonian (EH) of various subregions for the ground-state of several interacting lattice fermions and spin models. The relation between the EH and the model Hamiltonian itself is an unsolved problem for the ground-state of generic local Hamiltonians. In this letter, we demonstrate that the EH

Pawel Caputa, Jorrit Kruthoff, Onkar Parrikar

We discuss a one-parameter family of states in two-dimensional holographic conformal field theories which are constructed via the Euclidean path integral of an effective theory on a family of hyperbolic slices in the dual bulk geometry. The effective theory in question is the CFT flowed under a $T\overline{T}$ deformation, which "folds" the boundary CFT towa

R. Catenacci, C. A. Cremonini, P. A. Grassi, S. Noja

We study Chevalley-Eilenberg cohomology of physically relevant Lie superalgebras related to supersymmetric theories, providing explicit expressions for their cocycles in terms of their Maurer-Cartan forms. We then include integral forms in the picture by defining a notion of integral forms related to a Lie superalgebra. We develop a suitable generalization o

Rodrigo Ibata, Khyati Malhan, Nicolas Martin, Dominique Aubert

We present maps of the stellar streams detected in the Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) and Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) catalogs using the STREAMFINDER algorithm. We also report the spectroscopic follow-up of the brighter DR2 stream members obtained with the high-resolution CFHT/ESPaDOnS and VLT/UVES spectrographs as well as with the medium-resolution NTT/EFOSC2 sp

Jacob C. Bridgeman, Benjamin J. Brown, Samuel J. Elman

The topological entanglement entropy is used to measure long-range quantum correlations in the ground state of topological phases. Here we obtain closed form expressions for topological entropy of (2+1)- and (3+1)-dimensional loop gas models, both in the bulk and at their boundaries, in terms of the data of their input fusion categories and algebra objects.

Yuh Tsunetoe, Shin Mineshige, Ken Ohsuga, Tomohisa Kawashima

With unprecedented angular resolution, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has opened a new era of black holes. We have previously calculated the expected polarization images of M87* with the EHT observations in mind. There, we demonstrated that circular polarization (CP) images, as well as the linear polarization (LP) maps, can convey quite useful information

Chengyan Xie, Bin Ren, Ruobing Dong, Laurent Pueyo

Spiral arms have been observed in more than a dozen protoplanetary disks, yet the origin of nearly all systems is under debate. Multi-epoch monitoring of spiral arm morphology offers a dynamical way in distinguishing two leading arm formation mechanisms: companion-driven, and gravitational instability induction, since these mechanisms predict distinct motion

Ishan Mishra, Nikole Lewis, Jonathan Lunine, Paul Helfenstein

Juno spacecraft&#39;s spectrometer JIRAM recently observed the moon Europa in the 2-5 μm wavelength region. Here we present analysis of the average spectrum of a set of observations near 20°N and 40°W, focusing on the two forms of water-ice - amorphous and crystalline. We also take this as an opportunity to present a novel Bayesian spectral inversion framewo

Lukas Homeier, Christian Schweizer, Monika Aidelsburger, Arkady Fedorov

Kitaev's toric code is an exactly solvable model with $\mathbb{Z}_2$-topological order, which has potential applications in quantum computation and error correction. However, a direct experimental realization remains an open challenge. Here, we propose a building block for $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theories coupled to dynamical matter and demonstrate how

Sourav Chakraborty, Arkadev Chattopadhyay, Peter Høyer, Nikhil S. Mande

Buhrman, Cleve and Wigderson (STOC'98) showed that for every Boolean function f : {-1,1}^n to {-1,1} and G in {AND_2, XOR_2}, the bounded-error quantum communication complexity of the composed function f o G equals O(Q(f) log n), where Q(f) denotes the bounded-error quantum query complexity of f. This is achieved by Alice running the optimal quantum query al

A. Zuevsky

Let $V$ be a quasi-conformal grading-restricted vertex algebra, $W$ be its module, and $\W_{z_1, \ldots, z_n}$ be the space of rational differential forms with complex parameters $(z_1, \ldots, z_n)$ for $n \ge 0$. Using geometric interpretation in terms of two Riemann spheres sewing we define a product of elements of two spaces $\W_{x_1, \ldots, x_k}$ and $

Di Luo, Giuseppe Carleo, Bryan K. Clark, James Stokes

Gauge symmetries play a key role in physics appearing in areas such as quantum field theories of the fundamental particles and emergent degrees of freedom in quantum materials. Motivated by the desire to efficiently simulate many-body quantum systems with exact local gauge invariance, gauge equivariant neural-network quantum states are introduced, which exac

Alberto Chiarini, Maximilian Nitzschner

We study level-set percolation for the harmonic crystal on $\mathbb{Z}^d$, $d \geq 3$, with uniformly elliptic random conductances. We prove that this model undergoes a non-trivial phase transition at a critical level that is almost surely constant under the environment measure. Moreover, we study the disconnection event that the level-set of this field belo

Xuanchi Ren, Zian Qian, Qifeng Chen

Motion blur in videos captured by autonomous vehicles and robots can degrade their perception capability. In this work, we present a novel approach to video deblurring by fitting a deep network to the test video. Our key observation is that some frames in a video with motion blur are much sharper than others, and thus we can transfer the texture information

Nataniel Ruiz, Barry-John Theobald, Anurag Ranjan, Ahmed Hussein Abdelaziz

To detect bias in face recognition networks, it can be useful to probe a network under test using samples in which only specific attributes vary in some controlled way. However, capturing a sufficiently large dataset with specific control over the attributes of interest is difficult. In this work, we describe a simulator that applies specific head pose and f

Dionysios Anninos, Beatrix Mühlmann

We explore the conjectured duality between a class of large $N$ matrix integrals, known as multicritical matrix integrals (MMI), and the series $(2m-1,2)$ of non-unitary minimal models on a fluctuating background. We match the critical exponents of the leading order planar expansion of MMI, to those of the continuum theory on an $S^2$ topology. From the MMI

Shagnik Das, Alexey Pokrovskiy, Benny Sudakov

Graph partitioning, or the dividing of a graph into two or more parts based on certain conditions, arises naturally throughout discrete mathematics, and problems of this kind have been studied extensively. In the 1990s, Ando conjectured that the vertices of every cubic graph can be partitioned into two parts that induce isomorphic subgraphs. Using probabilis

H. Oshima, T. Matsuo, A. Ali, S. Aoki

We have carried out $\nu_{\mu}$ charged-current interaction measurement on iron using an emulsion detector exposed to the T2K neutrino beam in the J-PARC neutrino facility. The data samples correspond to 4.0$\times$10$^{19}$ protons on target, and the neutrino mean energy is 1.49$\,$GeV. The emulsion detector is suitable for precision measurements of charged

C. A. L. Bailer-Jones, J. Rybizki, M. Fouesneau, M. Demleitner

Stellar distances constitute a foundational pillar of astrophysics. The publication of 1.47 billion stellar parallaxes from Gaia is a major contribution to this. Yet despite Gaia's precision, the majority of these stars are so distant or faint that their fractional parallax uncertainties are large, thereby precluding a simple inversion of parallax to provide

Fabio Bellini, Tolulope Fadina, Ruodu Wang, Yunran Wei

We present a general framework for a comparative theory of variability measures, with a particular focus on the recently introduced one-parameter families of inter-Expected Shortfall differences and inter-expectile differences, that are explored in detail and compared with the widely known and applied inter-quantile differences. From the mathematical point o

Michał Śmiałkowski, Michał Tomza

We theoretically investigate the properties of highly polar diatomic molecules containing $^2S$-state transition-metal atoms. We calculate potential energy curves, permanent electric dipole moments, spectroscopic constants, and leading long-range dispersion-interaction coefficients for molecules consisting of either a Cu or Ag atom interacting with an alkali

Furkan Gursoy, Bertan Badur

Networks provide useful tools for analyzing diverse complex systems from natural, social, and technological domains. Growing size and variety of data such as more nodes and links and associated weights, directions, and signs can provide accessory information. Link and weight abundance, on the other hand, results in denser networks with noisy, insignificant,

Christoph Wendel, Josefa Becerra González, David Paneque, Karl Mannheim

Context: An electron-positron beam escaping from the magnetospheric vacuum gap of an accreting black hole interacts with recombination-line photons from surrounding gas clouds. Inverse-Compton scattering and subsequent pair production initiate unsaturated electromagnetic cascades exhibiting a characteristic spectral energy distribution. Aims: By modelling th

Alexis Baudron, Zihao W. Wang, Oliver Cossairt, Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

3D shape reconstruction is a primary component of augmented/virtual reality. Despite being highly advanced, existing solutions based on RGB, RGB-D and Lidar sensors are power and data intensive, which introduces challenges for deployment in edge devices. We approach 3D reconstruction with an event camera, a sensor with significantly lower power, latency and

Maik Reddiger, Bill Poirier

In this work we establish a novel approach to the foundations of relativistic quantum theory, which is based on generalizing the quantum-mechanical Born rule for determining particle position probabilities to curved spacetime. A principal motivator for this research has been to overcome internal mathematical problems of quantum field theory (QFT) such as the

Shih-Hao Tseng, James Anderson

We consider the problem of how to deploy a controller to a (networked) cyber-physical system (CPS). Controlling a CPS is an involved task, and synthesizing a controller to respect sensing, actuation, and communication constraints is only part of the challenge. In addition to controller synthesis, one should also consider how the controller will be incorporat

Amra Omanović, Hilal Kazan, Polona Oblak, Tomaž Curk

Matrix factorization methods are linear models, with limited capability to model complex relations. In our work, we use tropical semiring to introduce non-linearity into matrix factorization models. We propose a method called Sparse Tropical Matrix Factorization (STMF) for the estimation of missing (unknown) values. We evaluate the efficiency of the STMF met

Nishant Yadav, Rajat Sen, Daniel N. Hill, Arya Mazumdar

Query auto-completion (QAC) is a fundamental feature in search engines where the task is to suggest plausible completions of a prefix typed in the search bar. Previous queries in the user session can provide useful context for the user's intent and can be leveraged to suggest auto-completions that are more relevant while adhering to the user's prefix. Such s

Francesco Belgiorno, Sergio Luigi Cacciatori, Simone Trevisan, Adriano Viganò

In the framework of a mesoscopical model for dielectric media we provide an analytical description for the electromagnetic field confined in a cylindrical cavity containing a finite dielectric sample. This system is apted to simulate the electromagnetic field in a optic fiber, in which two different regions, a vacuum region and a dielectric one, appear. A co

Théo Dessertaine, José Moran, Michael Benzaquen, Jean-Philippe Bouchaud

We study the conditions under which input-output networks can dynamically attain a competitive equilibrium, where markets clear and profits are zero. We endow a classical firm network model with minimal dynamical rules that reduce supply/demand imbalances and excess profits. We show that the time needed to reach equilibrium diverges to infinity as the system

Zhaoyu Xie, Timothy J. Atherton

We examine the regime between crystalline and amorphous packings of anisotropic objects on surfaces of different genus by continuously varying their size distribution or shape from monodispersed spheres to bidispersed mixtures or monodispersed ellipsoidal particles; we also consider an anisotropic variant of the Thomson problem with a mixture of charges. Wit

Minhui Huang, Shiqian Ma, Lifeng Lai

The Wasserstein distance has become increasingly important in machine learning and deep learning. Despite its popularity, the Wasserstein distance is hard to approximate because of the curse of dimensionality. A recently proposed approach to alleviate the curse of dimensionality is to project the sampled data from the high dimensional probability distributio

Pavle Vuksanovic, A. J. Hildebrand

Motivated by classical nontransitivity paradoxes, we call an $n$-tuple $(x_1,\dots,x_n) \in[0,1]^n$ \textit{cyclic} if there exist independent random variables $U_1,\dots, U_n$ with $P(U_i=U_j)=0$ for $i\not=j$ such that $P(U_{i+1}>U_i)=x_i$ for $i=1,\dots,n-1$ and $P(U_1>U_n)=x_n$. We call the tuple $(x_1,\dots,x_n)$ \textit{nontransitive} if it is cyclic a

Gianluca Bonifazi, Luca Lista, Dario Menasce, Mauro Mezzetto

A simplified method to compute $R_t$, the Effective Reproduction Number, is presented. The method relates the value of $R_t$ to the estimation of the doubling time performed with a local exponential fit. The condition $R_t = 1$ corresponds to a growth rate equal to zero or equivalently an infinite doubling time. Different assumptions on the probability distr

T. Sakurai, B. Rubrecht, L. T. Corredor, R. Takehara

We report the results of the pressure-dependent measurements of the static magnetization and of the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) of Cr$_2$Ge$_2$Te$_6$ to address the properties of the ferromagnetic phase of this quasi-two-dimensional van der Waals magnet. The static magnetic data at hydrostatic pressures up to 3.4 GPa reveal a gradual suppression of ferroma

Nicholas Zobrist, Nikita Klimovich, Byeong Ho Eom, Grégoire Coiffard

We develop a simple coordinate transformation which can be employed to compensate for the nonlinearity introduced by a Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detector's (MKID) homodyne readout scheme. This coordinate system is compared to the canonically used polar coordinates and is shown to improve the performance of the filtering method often used to estimate a pho

Liran Shaul, Jordan Williamson

We give necessary and sufficient conditions for stratification and costratification to descend along a coproduct preserving, tensor-exact $R$-linear functor between $R$-linear tensor-triangulated categories which are rigidly-compactly generated by their tensor units. We then apply these results to non-positive commutative DG-rings and connective ring spectra

D. M. Barreiros, F. R. Joaquim, R. Srivastava, J. W. F. Valle

We propose simple scoto-seesaw models to account for dark matter and neutrino masses with spontaneous CP violation. This is achieved with a single horizontal $\mathcal{Z}_8$ discrete symmetry, broken to a residual $\mathcal{Z}_2$ subgroup responsible for stabilizing dark matter. CP is broken spontaneously via the complex vacuum expectation value of a scalar

Adam Chalabi, S. Prem Kumar, Andy O'Bannon, Anton Pribytok

We compute entanglement entropy (EE) of a spherical region in $(3+1)$-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory in states described holographically by probe D3-branes in $AdS_5 \times S^5$. We do so by generalising methods for computing EE from a probe brane action without having to determine the probe's back-reaction. On the Coulo

Xuming He, Xiaoou Pan, Kean Ming Tan, Wen-Xin Zhou

Quantile regression is a powerful tool for learning the relationship between a response variable and a multivariate predictor while exploring heterogeneous effects. In this paper, we consider statistical inference for quantile regression with large-scale data in the "increasing dimension" regime. We provide a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of a convolut

Weixin, Wu, Sonal Thakkar, Will Hawkins

An accurate and precise understanding of global irrigation usage is crucial for a variety of climate science efforts. Irrigation is highly energy-intensive, and as population growth continues at its current pace, increases in crop need and water usage will have an impact on climate change. Precise irrigation data can help with monitoring water usage and opti

Mohsen Khodadi, Emmanuel N. Saridakis

We investigate Einstein-\AE ther gravity in light of the recent Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of the M87*. The shape and size of the observed black hole shadow contains information of the geometry in its vicinity, and thus one can consider it as a potential probe to investigate different gravitational theories, since the involved calculation fra

P. V. Buividovich, D. Smith, L. von Smekal

We study the Chiral Separation Effect (CSE) in finite-density SU(2) lattice gauge theory with dynamical quarks. We find that the CSE is well described by the free quark result in the high-temperature quark-gluon plasma phase. As one enters the confinement regime with broken chiral symmetry at chemical potential smaller than half of the pion mass, the CSE res

Qinzhe Wu, Jonathan Beard, Ashen Ekanayake, Andreas Gerstlauer

Cross-core communication is increasingly a bottleneck as the number of processing elements increase per system-on-chip. Typical hardware solutions to cross-core communication are often inflexible; while software solutions are flexible, they have performance scaling limitations. A key problem, as we will show, is that of shared state in software-based message

M. Ciemala, S. Ziliani, F. C. L. Crespi, S. Leoni

A novel Monte Carlo technique has been developed to determine lifetimes of excited states in the tens-to-hundreds femtoseconds range. The method is applied to low-energy heavy-ion binary reactions populating nuclei with complex velocity distributions. Its relevance is demonstrated in connection with the $^{18}$O(7.0 MeV/u) + $^{181}$Ta experiment, performed

N. I. Shvetsov-Shilovski

We present a method for retrieving of single-active electron potential in an atom or molecule from a given momentum distribution of photoelectrons ionized by a strong laser field. In this method the potential varying within certain limits is found as the result of the optimization procedure aimed at reproducing the given momentum distribution. The optimizati

Geri L. Dimas, Malak El Khalkhali, Alex Bender, Kayse Lee Maass

Transit monitoring is a preventative approach used to identify possible cases of human trafficking prior to exploitation while an individual is in transit or before one crosses a border. Transit monitoring is often conducted by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) who train staff to identify and intercept suspicious activity. Love Justice International (LJI

P. Goldoni, S. Pita, C. Boisson, W. Max-Moerbeck

Context. Blazars are the most numerous class of High Energy (HE; E about 50 MeV - few 100 GeV) and Very High Energy (VHE; E about 100 GeV - 10 TeV) gamma-ray emitters. As of today, a measured spectroscopic redshift is available for only about 50% of gamma-ray BL Lacs, mainly due to the difficulty of measuring reliable redshifts from their nearly featureless,

P. C. Liewer, J. Qiu, A. Vourlidas, J. R. Hall

Context: On 26-27 January 2020, the wide-field imager WISPR on Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observed a coronal mass ejection (CME) from a distance of approximately 30 solar radii as it passed through the instrument's 95 degree field-of-view, providing an unprecedented view of the flux rope morphology of the CME's internal structure. The same CME was seen by STER