December 2020 arXiv papers — page 120

Grigoriy Blekherman, Santanu S. Dey, Kevin Shu, Shengding Sun

A successful computational approach for solving large-scale positive semidefinite (PSD) programs is to enforce PSD-ness on only a collection of submatrices. For our study, we let $\mathcal{S}^{n,k}$ be the convex cone of $n\times n$ symmetric matrices where all $k\times k$ principal submatrices are PSD. We call a matrix in this $k$-\emph{locally PSD}. In ord

Qianyi Li, Haim Sompolinsky

The success of deep learning in many real-world tasks has triggered an intense effort to understand the power and limitations of deep learning in the training and generalization of complex tasks, so far with limited progress. In this work, we study the statistical mechanics of learning in Deep Linear Neural Networks (DLNNs) in which the input-output function

Maximilian Graf, Oliver Speidel, Jona Ruof, Klaus Dietmayer

The Institute of Measurement, Control and Microtechnology at Ulm University investigates advanced driver assistance systems for decades and concentrates in large parts on autonomous driving. It is well known that motion planning is a key technology for autonomous driving. It is first and foremost responsible for the safety of the vehicle passengers as well a

Waleed Abdallah, AseshKrishna Datta, Subhojit Roy

A highly bino-like Dark Matter (DM), which is the Lightest Supersymmetric Particle (LSP), could be motivated by the stringent upper bounds on the DM direct detection rates. This is especially so when its mass is around or below 100 GeV for which such a bound tends to get most severe. Requiring not so large a higgsino mass parameter, that would render the sce

Mahsa Zarneshan, Fatemeh Ghassemi, Ehsan Khamespanah, Marjan Sirjani

To support the dynamic composition of various devices/apps into a medical system at point-of-care, a set of communication patterns to describe the communication needs of devices has been proposed. To address timing requirements, each pattern breaks common timing properties into finer ones that can be enforced locally by the components. Common timing requirem

Song Fang, Quanyan Zhu

In this short note, we introduce the spectral-domain $\mathcal{W}_2$ Wasserstein distance for elliptical stochastic processes in terms of their power spectra. We also introduce the spectral-domain Gelbrich bound for processes that are not necessarily elliptical.

Ramiro M. dos Santos, William F. Giozza, Rafael T. de Sousa Júnior, Demétrio A. da Silva Filho

The structural similarity between hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and graphene nanoribbons allows for the formation of heterojunctions with small chain stress. The combination of the insulation nature of the former and the quasi-metallic property of the latter makes this kind of heterostructure particularly interesting for flat optoelectronics. Recently, it w

Xandru Mifsud

The $λ$-core vertices of a graph correspond to the non-zero entries of some eigenvector of $λ$ for a universal adjacency matrix $\mathbf{U}$ of the graph. We define a partition of the vertex set $V$ based on the $λ$-core vertex set and its neighbourhoods at a distance $r$, and give a number of results relating the structure of the graph to this partition. Fo

Persi Diaconis, Ron Graham, Sam Spiro

In simple card games, cards are dealt one at a time and the player guesses each card sequentially. We study problems where feedback (e.g. correct/incorrect) is given after each guess. For decks with repeated values (as in blackjack where suits do not matter) the optimal strategy differs from the "greedy strategy" (of guessing a most likely card each

Mohsen Hafez-Torbati, Davide Bossini, Frithjof B. Anders, Götz S. Uhrig

A substantial energy gap of charge excitations induced by strong correlations is the characteristic feature of Mott insulators. We study how the Mott gap is affected by long-range antiferromagnetic order. Our key finding is that the Mott gap is increased by the magnetic ordering: a magnetic blue-shift (MBS) occurs. Thus, the effect is proportional to the exc

Tong Liu, Yong Suk Moon, Deepam Patel

Let $k$ be a perfect field of characteristic $p>2$, $R := W(k)[\![t_1, \dots, t_d]\!]$ be the power series ring over the Witt vectors, and $X$ be a smooth proper scheme over $R$. The main goal of this article is to extend classical Fontaine-Messing theory to the setting where the base ring is $R$. In particular, we obtain comparison theorems between torsion

Yao Feng, Haiwen Feng, Michael J. Black, Timo Bolkart

While current monocular 3D face reconstruction methods can recover fine geometric details, they suffer several limitations. Some methods produce faces that cannot be realistically animated because they do not model how wrinkles vary with expression. Other methods are trained on high-quality face scans and do not generalize well to in-the-wild images. We pres

Michael Walther, Eric Armengaud, Corentin Ravoux, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille

Measurements of the Ly$α$ forest based on large numbers of quasar spectra from sky surveys such as SDSS/eBOSS accurately probe the distribution of matter on small scales and thus provide important constraints on several ingredients of the cosmological model. A main summary statistic derived from those measurements is the one-dimensional power spectrum, P1D,

Shion Andrew, Samuel J. Swihart, Jay Strader

Gaia is undertaking a deep synoptic survey of the Galaxy, but photometry from individual epochs has, as of yet, only been released for a minimal number of sources. We show that it is possible to identify variable stars in Gaia Data Release 2 by selecting stars with unexpectedly large photometric uncertainties given their brightness and number of observations

Cesar Gomez, Raul Jimenez

The most robust prediction of inflationary cosmology is the existence of a red tilt for the spectrum of curvature fluctuations that is experimentally of order $0.04$. The tilt is derived solving the exact equation for quantum fluctuations in a quasi de Sitter background defined by a equation of state $\epsilon \equiv \frac{(p+\rho)}{\rho}$ with $\epsilon$ sm

A. Barakat, P. Bianchi, W. Hachem, Sh. Schechtman

In this paper, a general stochastic optimization procedure is studied, unifying several variants of the stochastic gradient descent such as, among others, the stochastic heavy ball method, the Stochastic Nesterov Accelerated Gradient algorithm (S-NAG), and the widely used Adam algorithm. The algorithm is seen as a noisy Euler discretization of a non-autonomo

Jérôme F. Gonthier, Maxwell D. Radin, Corneliu Buda, Eric J. Doskocil

Recent advances in quantum computing devices have brought attention to hybrid quantum-classical algorithms like the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) as a potential route to practical quantum advantage in chemistry. However, it is not yet clear whether such algorithms, even in the absence of device error, could actually achieve quantum advantage for syst

Jewel K. Ghosh, R. Loganayagam, Siddharth G. Prabhu, Mukund Rangamani

Planar black holes in AdS have long-lived quasinormal modes which capture the physics of charge and momentum diffusion in the dual field theory. How should we characterize the effective dynamics of a probe system coupled to the conserved currents of the dual field theory? Specifically, how would such a probe record the long-lived memory of the black hole and

Adrien Le Boudec, Nicolás Matte Bon

An action of a group $G$ is highly transitive if $G$ acts transitively on $k$-tuples of distinct points for all $k \geq 1$. Many examples of groups with a rich geometric or dynamical action admit highly transitive actions. We prove that if a group $G$ admits a highly transitive action such that $G$ does not contain the subgroup of finitary alternating permut

Elahe Ghasemi, Vincent Jugé, Ghazal Khalighinejad, Helia Yazdanyar

We study the impact of merging routines in merge-based sorting algorithms. More precisely, we focus on the galloping routine that TimSort uses to merge monotonic sub-arrays, hereafter called runs, and on the impact on the number of element comparisons performed if one uses this routine instead of a na\"ive merging routine. This routine was introduced in orde

Soumangsu Chakraborty

In this paper we prove the equivalence among (i) the weakly coupled worldsheet string theory described by the coset sigma model $\frac{SL(2,\mathbb{R})_k\times U(1)}{U(1)}\times S^3 \times T^4$ with $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ WZW level $k\geq 2$, (ii) the full near horizon theory of the NS5 branes with $k$ NS5 branes wrapping $T^4\times S^1$, $p\gg1$ F1 strings wrap

Alejandro Ascárate

We propose an approach which, by combining insights from Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG), Topos theory, Non-commutative Geometry à la Connes, and spacetime relationalism, provides fertile ground for the search of an adequate spacetime picture in Quantum Gravity. With this approach, we obtain a novel way of deducing the quantization of the possible values for the

Michele Mancarella, Joe Kennedy, Benjamin Bose, Lucas Lombriser

We study the potential of Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) to detect new physics in the dark matter power spectrum, concentrating here on evolving dark energy and modifications to General Relativity. After introducing a new technique to quantify classification uncertainty in BNNs, we train two BNNs on mock matter power spectra produced using the publicly avai

George T. Cantwell, Alec Kirkley, M. E. J. Newman

The friendship paradox is the observation that the degrees of the neighbors of a node in any network will, on average, be greater than the degree of the node itself. In common parlance, your friends have more friends than you do. In this paper we develop the mathematical theory of the friendship paradox, both in general as well as for specific model networks

J. Alonso-Gonzalez, J. M. Lizana, V. Martinez-Fernandez, L. Merlo

The Minimal Linear $σ$ Model is a useful theoretical laboratory. One can investigate in a perturbative renormalisable model the properties of the Higgs boson as a pseudo-Goldstone boson, the phenomenological effects of the radial mode of the field $\mathtt{s}$ which spontaneously breaks the global $SO(5)$ symmetry and the validity of conclusions based on the

Natália S. Móller, Bruna Sahdo, Nelson Yokomizo

We introduce a protocol for a quantum switch in the gravitational field of a spherical mass and determine the time interval required for its realization in the gravity of Earth. One of the agents that perform operations with indefinite order is a quantum system in a path superposition state. Entanglement between its proper time and position is explored as a

Miguel Levy, João G. Rosa, Luis B. Ventura

We show that warm inflation can be realized within a minimal extension of the Standard Model with three right-handed neutrinos, three complex scalars and a gauged lepton/B-L U(1) symmetry. This simple model can address all the shortcomings of the Standard Model that are not related to fine-tuning, within general relativity, with distinctive experimental sign

V. Mauerhofer, A. Verhamme, J. Blaizot, T. Garel

The neutral intergalactic medium above redshift 6 is opaque to ionizing radiation, therefore one needs indirect measurements of the escape fraction of ionizing photons from galaxies of this epoch. Low-ionization state absorption lines are a common feature in the spectrum of galaxies, showing a diversity of strengths and shapes. Since these lines indicate the

Jaydeep Kumar Basak, Debarshi Basu, Vinay Malvimat, Himanshu Parihar

We advance two alternative proposals for the island contributions to the entanglement negativity of various pure and mixed state configurations in quantum field theories coupled to semiclassical gravity. The first construction involves the extremization of an algebraic sum of the generalized Renyi entropies of order half. The second proposal involves the ext

David Barnes, Danny Sugrue

We study equivariant sheaves over profinite spaces, where the group is also taken to be profinite. We resolve a serious deficit in the existing theory by constructing a good notion of equivariant presheaves, with a suitable equivariant sheafification functor. Using equivariant sheafification, we develop the general theory of equivariant sheaves of modules ov

V. M. Abazov, B. Abbott, B. S. Acharya, M. Adams

We describe an analysis comparing the $p\bar{p}$ elastic cross section as measured by the D0 Collaboration at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV to that in $pp$ collisions as measured by the TOTEM Collaboration at 2.76, 7, 8, and 13 TeV using a model-independent approach. The TOTEM cross sections extrapolated to a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} =$ 1.96

Elisabeth C. Matthews, Sasha Hinkley, Karl Stapelfeldt, Arthur Vigan

Debris disk stars are good targets for high contrast imaging searches for planetary systems, since debris disks have been shown to have a tentative correlation with giant planets. We selected 20 stars identified as debris disk hosts by the WSIE mission, with particularly high levels of warm dust. We observed these with the VLT/SPHERE high contrast imaging in

Haris Aziz, Xin Huang, Nicholas Mattei, Erel Segal-Halevi

We analyze the run-time complexity of computing allocations that are both fair and maximize the utilitarian social welfare, defined as the sum of agents' utilities. We focus on two tractable fairness concepts: envy-freeness up to one item (EF1) and proportionality up to one item (PROP1). We consider two computational problems: (1) Among the utilitarian-maxim

Qi Li, Desika Narayanan, Paul Torrey, Romeel Davé

We develop a cosmological model for the evolution of dust grains in galaxies with a distribution of sizes in order to understand the origin of the Milky Way dust extinction curve. Our model considers the formation of active dust in evolved stars, growth by accretion and coagulation, and destruction processes via shattering, sputtering, and astration in the I

Liam L. H. Lau, Shovan Dutta

We model a quantum walk of identical particles that can change their exchange statistics by hopping across a domain wall in a 1D lattice. Such a "statistical boundary" is transparent to single particles and affects the dynamics only by swapping multiple particles arriving together. We find that the two-particle interference is dramatically altered by reflect

Josh Borrow, Matthieu Schaller, Richard G. Bower, Joop Schaye

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is a ubiquitous numerical method for solving the fluid equations, and is prized for its conservation properties, natural adaptivity, and simplicity. We introduce the Sphenix SPH scheme, which was designed with three key goals in mind: to work well with sub-grid physics modules that inject energy, be highly computationall

Chee Sheng Fong

In this work, we classify all the effective $U(1)$ symmetries and their associated Noether charges in the Standard Model (SM) and its minimal supersymmetric extension (MSSM) from the highest scale after inflation down to the weak scale. We then demonstrate that the discovery of the violation of baryon minus lepton number ($B-L$) which pinpoints to its violat

Shinji Hirano, Tatsuki Nakajima, Masaki Shigemori

We study stress-tensor correlators in the $T\bar{T}$-deformed conformal field theories in two dimensions. Using the random geometry approach to the $T\bar{T}$ deformation, we develop a geometrical method to compute stress-tensor correlators. More specifically, we derive the $T\bar{T}$ deformation to the Polyakov-Liouville conformal anomaly action and calcula

Heike Eisenlohr, Matthias Vojta

The phenomenology of quantum phase transitions concerns physics at low temperatures and energies, and corresponding solid-state experiments often reach millikelvin temperatures. However, this is a scale where in many solids the influence of nuclear spins and their hyperfine interaction is no longer negligible. This may limit the observability of electronic q

Sandra Baumgartner, Jaiyul Yoo

The standard theoretical description $Θ(\hat n)$ of the observed CMB temperature anisotropies is gauge-dependent. It is, however, well known that the gauge mode is limited to the monopole and the higher angular multipoles $Θ_l$ ($l\geq1$) are gauge-invariant. Several attempts have been made in the past to properly define the monopole fluctuation, but the res

Haldun Özgür Bayındır, Maximilien Péroux

In this work, we compute the topological coHochschild homology (coTHH) of interesting coalgebras such as the Steenrod algebra spectrum. For this, we start by extending the Hess-Shipley definition of coTHH to $\infty$-categories, following the Nikolaus-Scholze approach to THH. Furthermore, we prove that coTHH of what we call quasi-proper coalgebras can be obt

Sungwoo Hong, Gabriele Rigo

We systematically study the anomaly inflow by the bulk Chern-Simons (CS) theory in a slice of five-dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime ($\text{AdS}_5$). The introduction of UV and IR 3-branes makes the anomaly story remarkably rich and many interesting aspects can be obtained, including weakly gauging and spontaneous symmetry breaking of the global symmetri

Wei Wei, E. A. Huerta, Mengshen Yun, Nicholas Loutrel

We present the first application of deep learning forecasting for binary neutron stars, neutron star - black hole systems, and binary black hole mergers that span an eccentricity range e <= 0.9. We train neural networks that describe these astrophysical populations, and then test their performance by injecting simulated eccentric signals in advanced LIGO noi

Romain Ruzziconi, Céline Zwikel

We address the questions of conservation and integrability of the charges in two and three-dimensional gravity theories at infinity. The analysis is performed in a framework that allows us to treat simultaneously asymptotically locally AdS and asymptotically locally flat spacetimes. In two dimensions, we start from a general class of models that includes JT

Collin L. Kielty, Kim A. Venn, Federico Sestito, Else Starkenburg

High-resolution optical spectra of 30 metal-poor stars selected from the \Pristine\ survey are presented, based on observations taken with the Gemini Observatory GRACES spectrograph. Stellar parameters \teff and \logg are determined using a Gaia DR2 colour-temperature calibration and surface gravity from the Stefan-Boltzmann equation. GRACES spectra are used

Mandy C. Chen, Hsiao-Wen Chen, Max Gronke, Michael Rauch

This paper presents a detailed analysis of two giant Lyman-alpha (Lya) arcs detected near known galaxies at z=3.038 and z=3.754 lensed by the massive cluster MACS 1206 (z=0.44). The Lya nebulae revealed in deep MUSE observations exhibit a double-peak profile with a dominant red peak that indicates expansion/outflowing motions. One of the arcs stretches over

Alexandres Lazar, James S. Bullock, Michael Boylan-Kolchin, Robert Feldmann

A promising route for revealing the existence of dark matter structures on mass scales smaller than the faintest galaxies is through their effect on strong gravitational lenses. We examine the role of local, lens-proximate clustering in boosting the lensing probability relative to contributions from substructure and unclustered line-of-sight (LOS) halos. Usi

Maxim Pospelov, Harikrishnan Ramani

Dark sector particles with small electric charge, or millicharge, (mCPs) may lead to a variety of diverse phenomena in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. Assuming their possible existence, we investigate the accumulation and propagation of mCPs in matter, specifically inside the Earth. Even small values of millicharge lead to sizeable scattering c

Jan Heisig

Cosmic-ray antiprotons are a powerful tool for astroparticle physics. While the bulk of measured antiprotons is consistent with a secondary origin, the precise data of the AMS-02 experiment provides us with encouraging prospects to search for a subdominant primary component, e.g. from dark matter. In this brief review, we discuss recent limits on heavy dark

Jessica Craven, Vishnu Jejjala, Arjun Kar

We present a simple phenomenological formula which approximates the hyperbolic volume of a knot using only a single evaluation of its Jones polynomial at a root of unity. The average error is just $2.86$% on the first $1.7$ million knots, which represents a large improvement over previous formulas of this kind. To find the approximation formula, we use layer

Omri Lesser, Karsten Flensberg, Felix von Oppen, Yuval Oreg

Proposals for realizing Majorana fermions in condensed matter systems typically rely on magnetic fields, which degrade the proximitizing superconductor and plague the Majoranas&#39; detection. We propose an alternative scheme to realize Majoranas based only on phase-biased superconductors. The phases (at least three of them) can be biased by a tiny magnetic

Rasmus S. L. Hansen, Shashank Shalgar, Irene Tamborra

The neutrino field is commonly assumed to be isotropic and homogeneous in the early universe. However, due to the large neutrino density, a small perturbation of the isotropy of the neutrino field could potentially be amplified by the non-linear flavor mixing caused by neutrino self-interactions. We carry out the first numerical simulations of the neutrino f

Fangli Liu, Zhi-Cheng Yang, Przemyslaw Bienias, Thomas Iadecola

Controllable Rydberg atom arrays have provided new insights into fundamental properties of quantum matter both in and out of equilibrium. In this work, we study the effect of experimentally relevant positional disorder on Rydberg atoms trapped in a 2D square lattice under anti-blockade (facilitation) conditions. We show that the facilitation conditions lead

Yasaman Jafari, Nazanin Sabri, Behnam Bahrak

Sharing our goals with others and setting public challenges for ourselves is a topic that has been the center of many discussions. This study examines reading challenges, how participation in them has changed throughout the years, and how they influence users reading productivity. To do so, we analyze Goodreads, a social book cataloging website, with a yearl

Antoine Gérardin

In recent years, the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon has triggered a lot of activity in the lattice QCD community because a persistent tension of about $3.5~σ$ is observed between the phenomenological estimate and the Brookhaven measurement. The current best phenomenological estimate has an uncertainty comparable to the experimental one and the error i

Haode Qi, Lin Pan, Atin Sood, Abhishek Shah

Intent detection is a key component of modern goal-oriented dialog systems that accomplish a user task by predicting the intent of users&#39; text input. There are three primary challenges in designing robust and accurate intent detection models. First, typical intent detection models require a large amount of labeled data to achieve high accuracy. Unfortuna

Wen Yin, Masahiro Yamaguchi

The long-standing discrepancy of muon $g-2$ is a hint of new physics beyond the standard model of particle physics. In this letter we show that heavy new physics contribution can be fully tested at a muon collider with center-of-mass energy up to $O(10)\,$TeV. Even if there is no new particle in this energy range, one can measure the $g-2$ directly via the c

Vladislav Makarov

An efficient, when compared to exhaustive enumeration, algorithm for computing the number of square-free words of length $n$ over the alphabet $\{a, b, c\}$ is presented.

Manuel S. Rudolph, Ntwali Bashige Toussaint, Amara Katabarwa, Sonika Johri

Generating high-quality data (e.g. images or video) is one of the most exciting and challenging frontiers in unsupervised machine learning. Utilizing quantum computers in such tasks to potentially enhance conventional machine learning algorithms has emerged as a promising application, but poses big challenges due to the limited number of qubits and the level

Pierluigi Contucci, Federico Corberi, Jorge Kurchan, Emanuele Mingione

We develop further the study of a system in contact with a multibath having different temperatures at widely separated timescales. We consider those systems that do not thermalize in finite times when in contact with an ordinary bath but may do so in contact with a multibath. Thermodynamic integration is possible, thus allowing one to recover the stationary

F. A. P. Alves, A. B. Barreto, F. Moraes

Inspired in metamaterials, we present a covariant mechanics for particles in Kleinian spacetime and show some of its effects, such as time contraction and length dilatation. We present the new expressions for relativistic momentum and energy for a point-like particle. To illustrate the new mechanics, we describe the particle motion under a uniform Newtonian

Yan Wang, Chong Sheng Li, Fa Peng Huang

We study how to unravel the dark matter blind spots by phase transition gravitational waves in synergy with collider signatures at electroweak one-loop level taking the inert doublet model as an example. We perform a detailed Monte Carlo study at the future lepton colliders in the favored parameter space, which is consistent with current dark matter experime

Shutang You

This paper proposed a framework based on quantum computing for reliability assessment of complex systems. The &#39;Quantum Twin&#39; concept was also proposed. The framework can be used to accelerate the reliability assessment of large-scale complex systems, which could take much computation time for classical computers to achieve accurate results. Power sys

Mark Boss, Raphael Braun, Varun Jampani, Jonathan T. Barron

Decomposing a scene into its shape, reflectance, and illumination is a challenging but important problem in computer vision and graphics. This problem is inherently more challenging when the illumination is not a single light source under laboratory conditions but is instead an unconstrained environmental illumination. Though recent work has shown that impli

Tao Gu, Fabio Zanasi

Probabilistic logic programming is increasingly important in artificial intelligence and related fields as a formalism to reason about uncertainty. It generalises logic programming with the possibility of annotating clauses with probabilities. This paper proposes a coalgebraic semantics on probabilistic logic programming. Programs are modelled as coalgebras

Sebastian Biewer, Rayna Dimitrova, Michael Fries, Maciej Gazda

We present a novel and generalised notion of doping cleanness for cyber-physical systems that allows for perturbing the inputs and observing the perturbed outputs both in the time- and value-domains. We instantiate our definition using existing notions of conformance for cyber-physical systems. As a formal basis for monitoring conformance-based cleanness, we

Kohei Hattori, Monica Valluri, Eugene Vasiliev

We estimate the 3D density profile of the Galactic dark matter (DM) halo within $r \lesssim 30$ kpc from the Galactic centre by using the astrometric data for halo RR Lyrae stars from Gaia DR2. We model both the stellar halo distribution function and the Galactic potential, fully taking into account the survey selection function, the observational errors, an

Antonios Antoniadis, Matthias Englert, Nicolaos Matsakis, Pavel Veselý

We consider the problem of managing the buffer of a shared-memory switch that transmits packets of unit value. A shared-memory switch consists of an input port, a number of output ports, and a buffer with a specific capacity. In each time step, an arbitrary number of packets arrive at the input port, each packet designated for one output port. Each packet is

Tobias Vogt, Juancheng Yang, Felix Schindler, Sven Eckert

In geo- and astrophysics, low Prandtl number convective flows often interact with magnetic fields. Although a static magnetic field acts as a stabilizing force on such flow fields, we find that self-organized convective flow structures reach an optimal state where the heat transport significantly increases and convective velocities reach the theoretical free

Alan W. McConnachie, Kim A. Venn

Updated systemic proper motion estimates for 58 Milky Way satellite galaxies, based on Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3), are provided. This sample is identical to that studied by McConnachie & Venn (2020) and the methodology is essentially unchanged from the original paper. The superiority of Gaia EDR3 compared to Gaia Data Release 2 means that Bo{ö}tes 4, C

Carlos Améndola, Piotr Zwiernik

Correlation matrices are standardized covariance matrices. They form an affine space of symmetric matrices defined by setting the diagonal entries to one. We study the geometry of maximum likelihood estimation for this model and linear submodels that encode additional symmetries. We also consider the problem of minimizing two closely related functions of the

Chung-Wei Weng, Yauhen Yakimenka, Hsuan-Yin Lin, Eirik Rosnes

We propose to extend the concept of private information retrieval by allowing for distortion in the retrieval process and relaxing the perfect privacy requirement at the same time. In particular, we study the trade-off between download rate, distortion, and user privacy leakage, and show that in the limit of large file sizes this trade-off can be captured vi

Govardana Sachithanandam Ramachandran, Ivan Brugere, Lav R. Varshney, Caiming Xiong

Disparate access to resources by different subpopulations is a prevalent issue in societal and sociotechnical networks. For example, urban infrastructure networks may enable certain racial groups to more easily access resources such as high-quality schools, grocery stores, and polling places. Similarly, social networks within universities and organizations m

R. Sagastizabal, S. P. Premaratne, B. A. Klaver, M. A. Rol

The preparation of thermal equilibrium states is important for the simulation of condensed-matter and cosmology systems using a quantum computer. We present a method to prepare such mixed states with unitary operators, and demonstrate this technique experimentally using a gate-based quantum processor. Our method targets the generation of thermofield double s

Sébastien Labbé

The goal of this chapter is to illustrate a generalization of the Fibonacci word to the case of 2-dimensional configurations on $\mathbb{Z}^2$. More precisely, we consider a particular subshift of $\mathcal{A}^{\mathbb{Z}^2}$ on the alphabet $\mathcal{A}=\{0,\dots,15\}$ for which we give three characterizations: as the subshift $\mathcal{X}_\Phi$ generated b

Chul Moon, Qiwei Li, Guanghua Xiao

Tumor shape is a key factor that affects tumor growth and metastasis. This paper proposes a topological feature computed by persistent homology to characterize tumor progression from digital pathology and radiology images and examines its effect on the time-to-event data. The proposed topological features are invariant to scale-preserving transformation and

Pratyaksh Karan, Jeevanjyoti Chakraborty, Suman Chakraborty, Steven T. Wereley

The shape of a microchannel during flow through it is instrumental to understanding the physics that govern various phenomena ranging from rheological measurements of fluids to separation of particles and cells. Two commonly used approaches for obtaining a desired channel shape (for a given application) are (i) fabricating the microchannel in the requisite s

Tolga Altinoluk, Guillaume Beuf, Alina Czajka, Arantxa Tymowska

We derive Next-to-Eikonal (NEik) corrections to the background quark propagator, which stem from (i) considering a finite longitudinal width target instead of an infinitely thin shockwave and (ii) including the interaction of the quark with the transverse components of the background field. These two different corrections to the eikonal approximation combine

Tristan Benoist, Noé Cuneo, Vojkan Jakšić, Claude-Alain Pillet

We illustrate the mathematical theory of entropy production in repeated quantum measurement processes developed in a previous work by studying examples of quantum instruments displaying various interesting phenomena and singularities. We emphasize the role of the thermodynamic formalism, and give many examples of quantum instruments whose resulting probabili

Omri Gat, Michael Wilkinson

We analyse the correlation function of the quantum curvature in complex quantum systems, using a random matrix model to provide an exemplar of a universal correlation function. We show that the correlation function diverges as the inverse of the distance at small separations. We also define and analyse a correlation function of mixed states, showing that it

Bruno Pasqualotto Cavalar, Mrinal Kumar, Benjamin Rossman

Robust sunflowers are a generalization of combinatorial sunflowers that have applications in monotone circuit complexity, DNF sparsification, randomness extractors, and recent advances on the Erd\H{o}s-Rado sunflower conjecture. The recent breakthrough of Alweiss, Lovett, Wu and Zhang gives an improved bound on the maximum size of a $w$-set system that exclu

Manash Pratim Das, Larry Matthies, Shreyansh Daftry

Thermal infrared cameras are increasingly being used in various applications such as robot vision, industrial inspection and medical imaging, thanks to their improved resolution and portability. However, the performance of traditional computer vision techniques developed for electro-optical imagery does not directly translate to the thermal domain due to two

Carlos H. C. Teixeira, Mayank Kakodkar, Vinícius Dias, Wagner Meira

This work considers the general task of estimating the sum of a bounded function over the edges of a graph, given neighborhood query access and where access to the entire network is prohibitively expensive. To estimate this sum, prior work proposes Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods that use random walks started at some seed vertex and whose equilibrium

Johann Cigler, Christian Krattenthaler

The theme of this article is a "reciprocity" between bounded up-down paths and bounded alternating sequences. Roughly speaking, this ``reciprocity" manifests itself by the fact that the extension of the sequence of numbers of paths of length $n$, consisting of diagonal up- and down-steps and being confined to a strip of bounded width, to negative $n$ produce

T. Zanon-Willette, D. Wilkowski, A. V. Taichenachev, V. I. Yudin

A new generation of atomic sensors using ultra-narrow optical clock transitions and composite pulses are pushing quantum engineering control to a very high level of precision for applied and fundamental physics. Here, we propose a new version of Ramsey-Bord\'e interferometry introducing arbitrary composite laser pulses with tailored pulse duration, Rabi fiel

B. Acar, G. Adamov, C. Adloff, S. Afanasiev

The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC will be upgraded to accommodate the 5-fold increase in the instantaneous luminosity expected at the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). Concomitant with this increase will be an increase in the number of interactions in each bunch crossing and a significant increase in the total ionising dose and fluence. One part of this upgrade

Sang Hyun Park, Shengxuan Xia, Sang-Hyun Oh, Phaedon Avouris

Properties of graphene plasmons are greatly affected by their coupling to phonons. While such coupling has been routinely observed in both near-field and far-field graphene spectroscopy, the interplay between coupling strength and mode losses, and its exceptional point physics has not been discussed. By applying a non-Hermitian framework, we identify the tra

Alabi Bojesomo, Panos Liatsis, Hasan Al Marzouqi

In this paper, we present our solution to the Traffic4cast2020 traffic prediction challenge. In this competition, participants are to predict future traffic parameters (speed and volume) in three different cities: Berlin, Istanbul and Moscow. The information provided includes nine channels where the first eight represent the speed and volume for four differe

Abdullah Irfan, Syed Furqan Abbas Hashmi, Syeda Neha Zaidi, Muhammad Usman Baig

Efficient control over entanglement in spin chains is useful for quantum information processing applications. In this paper, we propose the use of a combination of two different configurations of strong static and oscillating fields to control and generate near-perfect entanglement between any two spins in a spin chain, even in the presence of noise. This is

A. V. Shumilin, D. S. Smirnov

We obtain a compact analytical solution for the nonlinear equation for the nuclear spin dynamics in the central spin box model in the limit of many nuclear spins. The total nuclear spin component along the external magnetic field is conserved and the two perpendicular components precess or oscillate depending on the electron spin polarization, with the frequ

Denis Coquenet, Clément Chatelain, Thierry Paquet

Unconstrained handwritten text recognition remains challenging for computer vision systems. Paragraph text recognition is traditionally achieved by two models: the first one for line segmentation and the second one for text line recognition. We propose a unified end-to-end model using hybrid attention to tackle this task. This model is designed to iterativel

Paul Bryan, Mohammad N. Ivaki, Julian Scheuer

An important set of theorems in geometric analysis consists of constant rank theorems for a wide variety of curvature problems. In this paper, for geometric curvature problems in compact and non-compact settings, we provide new proofs which are both elementary and short. Moreover, we employ our method to obtain constant rank theorems for homogeneous and non-

N. Anders Petersson, Fortino Garcia, Daniel E. A. Appelo, Stefanie Günther

This report explains the basic theory and common terminology of quantum physics without assuming any knowledge of physics. It was written by a group of applied mathematicians while they were reading up on the subject. The intended audience consists of applied mathematicians, computer scientists, or anyone else who wants to improve their understanding of quan

James Macpherson

We extend the 2-representation theory of finitary 2-categories to certain 2-categories with infinitely many objects, denoted locally finitary 2-categories, and extend the classical classification results of simple transitive 2-representations of weakly fiat 2-categories to this environment. We also consider locally finitary 2-categories and 2-representations

Zhihong Ren, Weidong Li, Augusto Smerzi, Manuel Gessner

We characterize metrologically useful multipartite entanglement by representing partitions with Young diagrams. We derive entanglement witnesses that are sensitive to the shape of Young diagrams and show that Dyson&#39;s rank acts as a resource for quantum metrology. Common quantifiers, such as the entanglement depth and $k$-separability are contained in thi

Piyush Agarwal, Jorge Ivan Mireles Gonzalez, Ali Elkamel, Hector Budman

A Deep Neural Network (DNN) based algorithm is proposed for the detection and classification of faults in industrial plants. The proposed algorithm has the ability to classify faults, especially incipient faults that are difficult to detect and diagnose with traditional threshold based statistical methods or by conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs).

Ryan M. Corey, Andrew C. Singer

Hearing aids use dynamic range compression (DRC), a form of automatic gain control, to make quiet sounds louder and loud sounds quieter. Compression can improve listening comfort, but it can also cause distortion in noisy environments. It has been widely reported that DRC performs poorly in noise, but there has been little mathematical analysis of these dist

Giulio Chiribella, Zixuan Liu

The fundamental dynamics of quantum particles is neutral with respect to the arrow of time. And yet, our experiments are not: we observe quantum systems evolving from the past to the future, but not the other way round. A fundamental question is whether it is possible to conceive a broader set of operations that probe quantum processes in the backward direct

Anna Kononova

In this note we study a quantitative version of Bernstein's approximation problem when the polynomials are dense in weighted spaces on the real line completing a result of S.~N.~Mergelyan (1960). We estimate in the logarithmic scale the error of the weighted polynomial approximation of the Cauchy kernel.

Oliver Lunt, Marcin Szyniszewski, Arijeet Pal

Entanglement transitions in quantum dynamics present a novel class of phase transitions in non-equilibrium systems. When a many-body quantum system undergoes unitary evolution interspersed with monitored random measurements, the steady-state can exhibit a phase transition between volume and area-law entanglement. There is a correspondence between measurement