December 2020 arXiv papers — page 27

Vasiliki Koutra, Steven G. Gilmour, Ben M. Parker, Andrew Mead

We propose a novel model-based approach for constructing optimal designs with complex blocking structures and network effects, for application in agricultural field experiments. The potential interference among treatments applied to different plots is described via a network structure, defined via the adjacency matrix. We consider a field trial run at Rotham

Ryan Wilkinson, Marcus Roper

The SIR-compartment model is among the simplest models that describe the spread of a disease through a population. The model makes the unrealistic assumption that the population through which the disease is spreading is well-mixed. Although real populations have heterogeneities in contacts not represented in the SIR model, it nevertheless well fits real U.S.

Vilc Rufino, Mateus Nogueira, Alberto Avritzer, Daniel Menasché

Anomaly detection systems aim to detect and report attacks or unexpected behavior in networked systems. Previous work has shown that anomalies have an impact on system performance, and that performance signatures can be effectively used for implementing an IDS. In this paper, we present an analytical and an experimental study on the trade-off between anomaly

A. Bulgac, I. Abdurrahman, S. Jin, K. Godbey

The intrinsic spins and their correlations are the least understood characteristics of fission fragments from both theoretical and experimental points of view. In many nuclear reactions the emerging fragments are typically excited and acquire an intrinsic excitation energy and an intrinsic spin depending on the type of the reactions and interaction mechanism

Laura Giordano, Daniele Theseider Dupré

In this paper we investigate the relationships between a multipreferential semantics for defeasible reasoning in knowledge representation and a deep neural network model. Weighted knowledge bases for description logics are considered under a "concept-wise" multipreference semantics. The semantics is further extended to fuzzy interpretations and exploited to

K. S. Babu, Anil Thapa

We develop a minimal left-right symmetric model based on the gauge group $SU(3)_C \otimes SU(2)_L \otimes SU(2)_R \otimes U(1)_{B-L}$ wherein the Higgs triplets conventionally employed for symmetry breaking are replaced by Higgs doublets. Majorana masses for the right-handed neutrinos $(\nu_R$) are induced via two-loop diagrams involving a charged scalar fie

Lauren E. Altman, Rushna Quddus, Fook Chiong Cheong, David G. Grier

An in-line hologram of a colloidal sphere can be analyzed with the Lorenz-Mie theory of light scattering to measure the sphere's three-dimensional position with nanometer-scale precision while also measuring its diameter and refractive index with part-per-thousand precision. Applying the same technique to aspherical or inhomogeneous particles yields the posi

Karolinne O. Coelho, Philippe R. B. Devloo, Sonia M. Gomes

The Scaled Boundary Finite Element Method (SBFEM) is a technique in which approximation spaces are constructed using a semi-analytical approach. They are based on partitions of the computational domain by polygonal/polyhedral subregions, where the shape functions approximate local Dirichlet problems with piecewise polynomial trace data. Using this operator a

Subham Ghosh, Banibrata Mukhopadhyay

We attempt to address the old problem of plane shear flows: the origin of turbulence and hence transport of angular momentum in accretion flows as well as laboratory flows, such as plane Couette flow. We undertake the problem by introducing an extra force in Orr-Sommerfeld and Squire equations along with the Coriolis force mimicking the local region of the a

Nathaniel Craig, Isabel Garcia Garcia, Giacomo Koszegi, Amara McCune

Parity solutions to the strong CP problem are a compelling alternative to approaches based on Peccei-Quinn symmetry, particularly given the expected violation of global symmetries in a theory of quantum gravity. The most natural of these solutions break parity at a low scale, giving rise to a host of experimentally accessible signals. We assess the status of

Anant V. Varma, Sourin Das

It is possible to simulate the dynamics of a single spin-$1/2$ ($\mathsf{PT~}$ symmetric) system by conveniently embedding it into a subspace of a larger Hilbert space with unitary dynamics. Our goal is to formulate a many body generalization of this idea i.e., embedding many body non-Hermitian dynamics. As a first step in this direction, we investigate embe

Amulya Ratnakar, Sourin Das

Power law suppression of local electronic tunneling density of states (TDOS) in the zero-energy limit is a hallmark of Luttinger liquid (LL) phase of the interacting 1-D electron system. We present a theoretical model which hosts LL state with the surprising feature of enhancement rather than suppression in local TDOS originating from non-local and repulsive

Sebastian Stapelberg, Céline Tchernin, Damaris Hug, Erwin T. Lau

Accounting for the triaxial shapes of galaxy clusters will become important in the context of upcoming cosmological surveys. We show that, compared to the gas density distribution, the cluster gravitational potential can be better characterised by a simple 3D model and is more robust against fluctuations. Perturbations in the gas density distribution can hav

Alfredo Herrera-Aguilar, Daniel F. Higuita-Borja, Julio A. Méndez-Zavaleta

We present a new family of exact black hole configurations, which is a solution to a generalized Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton setup in arbitrary dimension. These solutions are asymptotically Lifshitz for any dynamical critical exponent $z\geq 1$. It turns out that the existence of a nontrivial scalar field is a direct consequence of breaking the spacetime isotro

Rui-Xing Zhang, S. Das Sarma

We establish quasi-two-dimensional thin films of iron-based superconductors (FeSCs) as a new high-temperature platform for hosting intrinsic time-reversal-invariant helical topological superconductivity (TSC). Based on the combination of Dirac surface state and bulk extended $s$-wave pairing, our theory should be directly applicable to a large class of exper

Stanislav Hronek, Linus Wulff

Double Field Theory (DFT) is an attempt to make the O(d,d) T-duality symmetry of string theory manifest, already before reducing on a d-torus. It is known that supergravity can be formulated in an O(D,D) covariant way, and remarkably this remains true to the first order in $\alpha'$. We set up a systematic way to analyze O(D,D) invariants, working order by o

Jan Olle, Oriol Pujolas, Fabrizio Rompineve

Oscillons are localized states of scalar fields sustained by self interactions. They decay by emitting classical radiation, but their lifetimes are surprisingly large. We revisit the reasons behind their longevity, aiming at how the shape of the scalar potential $V(\phi)$ determines the lifetime. The corpuscular picture, where the oscillon is identified with

Stefan Krastanov, Hamza Raniwala, Jeffrey Holzgrafe, Kurt Jacobs

Networking superconducting quantum computers is a longstanding challenge in quantum science. The typical approach has been to cascade transducers: converting to optical frequencies at the transmitter and to microwave frequencies at the receiver. However, the small microwave-optical coupling and added noise have proven formidable obstacles. Instead, we propos

Ibrahima Bah, Pierre Heidmann

We construct smooth static bubble solutions, denoted as topological stars, in five-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theories which are asymptotic to $\mathbb{R}^{1,3}\times$S$^1$. The bubbles are supported by allowing electromagnetic fluxes to wrap smooth topological cycles. The solutions live in the same regime as non-extremal static charged black strings, that

Amit Bhoonah, Joseph Bramante, Brian Courtman, Ningqiang Song

Large panels of etched plastic, situated aboard the Skylab Space Station and inside the Ohya quarry near Tokyo, have been used to set limits on fluxes of cosmogenic particles. These plastic particle track detectors also provide the best sensitivity for some heavy dark matter that interacts strongly with nuclei. We revisit prior dark matter bounds from Skylab

Jiseon Min, Ariel Amir

Many unicellular organisms allocate their key proteins asymmetrically between the mother and daughter cells, especially in a stressed environment. A recent theoretical model is able to predict when the asymmetry in segregation of key proteins enhances the population fitness, extrapolating the solution at two limits where the segregation is perfectly asymmetr

Pierce Giffin, Ian M. Lewis, Ya-Juan Zheng

In recent years there have been many proposals for new electron-positron colliders, such as the Circular Electron-Positron Collider, the International Linear Collider, and the Future Circular Collider in electron-positron mode. Much of the motivation for these colliders is precision measurements of the Higgs boson and searches for new electroweak states. Hen

Artur Czerwinski

The article undertakes the problem of pure state estimation from projective measurements based on photon counting. Two generic frames for qubit tomography are considered -- one composed of the elements of the SIC-POVM and the other defined by the vectors from the mutually unbiased bases (MUBs). Both frames are combined with the method of least squares in ord

Mboyo Esole, Monica Jinwoo Kang

In the traditional Katz-Vafa method, matter representations are determined by decomposing the adjoint representation of a parent simple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{m}$ as the direct sum of irreducible representations of a semisimple subalgebra $\mathfrak{g}$. The Katz-Vafa method becomes ambiguous as soon as $\mathfrak{m}$ contains several subalgebras isomorphic

Athirai A. Irissappane, Hanfei Yu, Yankun Shen, Anubha Agrawal

Online reviews are a vital source of information when purchasing a service or a product. Opinion spammers manipulate these reviews, deliberately altering the overall perception of the service. Though there exists a corpus of online reviews, only a few have been labeled as spam or non-spam, making it difficult to train spam detection models. We propose an adv

Anita Guarino, Carmine Autieri, Pasquale Marra, Antonio Leo

Electron-doped and hole-doped superconducting cuprates exhibit a symmetric phase diagram as a function of doping. This symmetry is however only approximate. Indeed, electron-doped cuprates become superconductors only after a specific annealing process: This annealing affects the oxygen content by only a tiny amount, but has a dramatic impact on the electroni

Yanfeng Ge, Fan Zhang, Russell J. Hemley

Recent theoretical and experimental studies of hydrogen-rich materials at megabar pressures (i.e., >100 GPa) have led to the discovery of very high-temperature superconductivity in these materials. Lanthanum superhydride LaH$_{10}$ has been of particular focus as the first material to exhibit a superconducting critical temperature (T$_c$) near room temperatu

Yikun Jiang, Manki Kim, Gabriel Wong

This is the second in a two-part paper devoted to studying entanglement entropy and edge modes in the A model topological string theory. This theory enjoys a gauge-string (Gopakumar-Vafa) duality which is a topological analogue of AdS/CFT. In part 1, we defined a notion of generalized entropy for the topological closed string theory on the resolved conifold.

Xiao-Wei Duan, Xiao-Dian Chen, Li-Cai Deng, Fan Yang

The nature of shock waves in non-fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars remains a mystery because of limited spectroscopic observations. We apply a pattern recognition algorithm on spectroscopic data from SDSS and LAMOST and report the first evidence of hydrogen emission in first-overtone and multi-mode RR Lyrae stars showing the "first apparition", which is the mo

Lane G. Gunderman

Having protected quantum information is essential to perform quantum computations. One possibility is to reduce the number of particles needing to be protected from noise and instead use systems with more states, so called qudit quantum computers. In this paper we show that codes for these systems can be derived from already known codes, and in particular th

S. Orlando, M. Miceli, S. Ustamujic, A. Tutone

According to the most popular model for the origin of cosmic rays (CRs), supernova remnants (SNRs) are the site where CRs are accelerated. Observations across the electromagnetic spectrum support this picture through the detection of non-thermal emission that is compatible with being synchrotron or inverse Compton radiation from high energy electrons, or pio

Melih Bastopcu, Sennur Ulukus

We consider real-time timely tracking of infection status (e.g., covid-19) of individuals in a population. In this work, a health care provider wants to detect infected people as well as people who recovered from the disease as quickly as possible. In order to measure the timeliness of the tracking process, we use the long-term average difference between the

Ce Zheng, Wenhan Wu, Chen Chen, Taojiannan Yang

Human pose estimation aims to locate the human body parts and build human body representation (e.g., body skeleton) from input data such as images and videos. It has drawn increasing attention during the past decade and has been utilized in a wide range of applications including human-computer interaction, motion analysis, augmented reality, and virtual real

Yixin Nie, Mary Williamson, Mohit Bansal, Douwe Kiela

To quantify how well natural language understanding models can capture consistency in a general conversation, we introduce the DialoguE COntradiction DEtection task (DECODE) and a new conversational dataset containing both human-human and human-bot contradictory dialogues. We then compare a structured utterance-based approach of using pre-trained Transformer

Chang-Yuan Yao, Jun-Nan Lu, Gui-Jun Ding

We perform a systematical analysis of the $A_4$ modular models with generalized CP for the masses and flavor mixing of quarks and leptons, and the most general form of the quark and lepton mass matrices is given. The CP invariance requires all couplings real in the chosen basis and thus the vacuum expectation value of the modulus $\tau$ uniquely breaks both

Claudio Meneses

We construct explicit geometric models for moduli spaces of semi-stable strongly parabolic Higgs bundles over the Riemann sphere, in the case of rank two, four marked points, arbitrary degree, and arbitrary weights. The mechanism of construction relies on elementary geometric and combinatorial techniques, based on a detailed study of orbit stability of (in g

Osama Mohsen, Daniel Mihalcea, Nathan Tom, Noah Adams

High-repetition-rate sources of bright electron bunches have a wide range of applications. They can directly be employed as probes in electron-scattering setups, or serve as a backbone for the generation of radiation over a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum. This paper describes the development of a compact sub-Mega-electronvolt (sub-MeV) electron-

Samira Ghodratnama, Mehrdad Zakershahrak, Fariborz Sobhanmanesh

Exploring the tremendous amount of data efficiently to make a decision, similar to answering a complicated question, is challenging with many real-world application scenarios. In this context, automatic summarization has substantial importance as it will provide the foundation for big data analytic. Traditional summarization approaches optimize the system to

DongSeon Hwang, Yeonsu Kim

We introduce the notion of barycentric transformation of Fano polytopes, from which we can assign a certain type to each Fano polytope. The type can be viewed as a measure of the extent to which the given Fano polytope is close to be K\"ahler-Einstein. In particular, we expect that every K\"ahler-Einstein or symmetric Fano polytope is of type $B_\infty$. We

Zhaoxu Ji, Huanguo Zhang

Entanglement-measurement attack is one of the most famous attacks against quantum cryptography. In quantum cryptography protocols, eavesdropping checking is an effective means to resist this attack. There are currently two commonly used eavesdropping checking methods: one is to prepare two sets of non-orthogonal single-particle states as decoy states, and de

Akihito Yoneyama

In this paper, we study transition matrices of PBW bases of the nilpotent subalgebra of quantum superalgebras associated with all possible Dynkin diagrams of type A and B in the case of rank 2 and 3, and examine relationships with three-dimensional (3D) integrability. We obtain new solutions to the Zamolodchikov tetrahedron equation via type A and the 3D ref

Zhe Jiang

With the advancement of GPS and remote sensing technologies, large amounts of geospatial and spatiotemporal data are being collected from various domains, driving the need for effective and efficient prediction methods. Given spatial data samples with explanatory features and targeted responses (categorical or continuous) at a set of locations, the problem a

Ziwei Wang, James A. Franke, Zhenqi Luo, Elisabeth J. Moyer

Convective available potential energy (CAPE) is of strong interest in climate modeling because of its role in both severe weather and in model construction. Extreme levels of CAPE ($>$ 2000 J/kg) are associated with high-impact weather events, and CAPE is widely used in convective parametrizations to help determine the strength and timing of convection. Howe

David Cheek

We consider a class of density-dependent branching processes which generalises exponential, logistic and Gompertz growth. A population begins with a single individual, grows exponentially initially, and then growth may slow down as the population size moves towards a carrying capacity. At a time while the population is still growing superlinearly, a fixed nu

Partha S. Dey, Qiang Wu

We study the Replica Symmetric region of general multi-species Sherrington-Kirkpatrick (MSK) Model and answer some of the questions raised in Ann.~Probab.~43~(2015), no.~6, 3494--3513, where the author proved the Parisi formula under \emph{positive-definite} assumption on the disorder covariance matrix $\Delta^2$. First, we prove exponential overlap concentr

Shaarad A. R, Ambedkar Dukkipati

The multi-armed bandits' framework is the most common platform to study strategies for sequential decision-making problems. Recently, the notion of fairness has attracted a lot of attention in the machine learning community. One can impose the fairness condition that at any given point of time, even during the learning phase, a poorly performing candidate sh

Da Rong Cheng, Xin Zhou

We prove the existence of branched immersed constant mean curvature 2-spheres in an arbitrary Riemannian 3-sphere for almost every prescribed mean curvature, and moreover for all prescribed mean curvatures when the 3-sphere is positively curved. To achieve this, we develop a min-max scheme for a weighted Dirichlet energy functional. There are three main ingr

Seyyed Ali Hashemi, Marco Mondelli, Arman Fazeli, Alexander Vardy

This paper characterizes the latency of the simplified successive-cancellation (SSC) decoding scheme for polar codes under hardware resource constraints. In particular, when the number of processing elements $P$ that can perform SSC decoding operations in parallel is limited, as is the case in practice, the latency of SSC decoding is $O\left(N^{1-1/\mu}+\fra

Han Xu, Lingna Wang, Haidong Yuan, Xin Wang

Quantum control can be employed in quantum metrology to improve the precision limit for the estimation of unknown parameters. The optimal control, however, typically depends on the actual values of the parameters and thus needs to be designed adaptively with the updated estimations of those parameters. Traditional methods, such as gradient ascent pulse engin

Zhaobin Mo, Xuan Di, Rongye Shi

Car-following behavior has been extensively studied using physics-based models, such as the Intelligent Driver Model. These models successfully interpret traffic phenomena observed in the real-world but may not fully capture the complex cognitive process of driving. Deep learning models, on the other hand, have demonstrated their power in capturing observed

Yue Cao, Jiarui Xu, Stephen Lin, Fangyun Wei

The Non-Local Network (NLNet) presents a pioneering approach for capturing long-range dependencies within an image, via aggregating query-specific global context to each query position. However, through a rigorous empirical analysis, we have found that the global contexts modeled by the non-local network are almost the same for different query positions. In

Tânia Tomé, Mário J. de Oliveira

We present an analysis of six deterministic models for epidemic spreading. The evolution of the number of individuals of each class is given by ordinary differential equations of the first order in time, which are set up by using the laws of mass action providing the rates of the several processes that define each model. The epidemic spreading is characteriz

Afsana Tasnim, Shawan Shurid, AKM Bahalul Haque

We often find illegal immigrants moving from one country to another. By means of land these illegal immigrants move over the fence cut the border wires and moves to the other part of the land. What do you think our soldiers are not doing their job? It is not that actually. It is very difficult to watch consistently over the border. Soldiers have a limited vi

DongSeon Hwang, Yeonsu Kim

We investigate \emph{singular} symmetric and K\"ahler--Einstein Fano polytopes. More precisely, we show that every symmetric Fano polytope is K\"ahler--Einstein generalizing the work by Batyrev and Selivanova, and study the automorphism groups of symmetric and K\"ahler--Einstein Fano polygons in detail. In particular, every finte subgroup of $GL_2(\mathbb{Z}

Alexander Petrov

We prove that any geometrically irreducible $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}_p$-local system on a smooth algebraic variety over a $p$-adic field $K$ becomes de Rham after a twist by a character of the Galois group of $K$. In particular, for any geometrically irreducible $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}_p$-local system on a smooth variety over a number field the associated proje

Konstantinos Nikitopoulos, Marcin Filo, Chathura Jayawardena, Rahim Tafazolli

MIMO mobile systems, with a large number of antennas at the base-station side, enable the concurrent transmission of multiple, spatially separated information streams and, therefore, enable improved network throughput and connectivity both in uplink and downlink transmissions. Traditionally, to efficiently facilitate such MIMO transmissions, linear base-stat

Yen-Lin Chen, Lois Pollack

We present Frequency Marching, FM, an algorithm that refines three-dimensional electron density distributions from solution X-ray scattering data in both the small- and wide-angle regimes. This algorithm is based on a series of optimization steps, marching along the frequency (reciprocal) space and refining detailed periodic structures with the corresponding

Christopher R. Fitch, Graham W. Read, Igor P. Marko, Dominic A. Duffy

A key component for the realization of silicon-photonics are integrated lasers operating in the important communications band near 1.55 ${\mu}$m. One approach is through the use of GaSb-based alloys which may be grown directly on silicon. In this study, silicon-compatible strained Ga$_{0.8}$In$_{0.2}$Sb/Al$_{0.35}$Ga$_{0.65}$As$_{0.03}$Sb$_{0.97}$ composite

Indira Chatterji, Sam Hughes, Peter Kropholler

We generalise results of Thomas, Allcock, Thom-Petersen, and Kar-Niblo to the first $\ell^2$-Betti number of quotients of certain groups acting on trees by subgroups with free actions on the edge sets of the graphs.

Juste Raimbault

Modeling and simulation in urban and regional studies has always given a significant place to models relating the dynamics of territories with transportation networks. These include for example Land-use Transport Interaction models, but this question has been investigated from different viewpoints and disciplines. We propose in this paper a systematic review

AKM Bahalul Haque, Mahbubur Rahman

Blockchain technology is an interlinked systematic chain of blocks that contains transaction history and other user data. It works under the principle of decentralized distributed digital ledger. This technology enables cryptographically secure and anonymous financial transactions among the user nodes of the network enabling the transactions to be validated

John Revere McHugh

We examine the cokernel of the canonical homomorphism from the trivial source ring of a finite group to the ring of $p$-rational complex characters. We use Boltje and Co\c{s}kun's theory of fibered biset functors to determine the structure of the cokernel. An essential tool in the determination of this structure is Bouc's theory of rational $p$-biset functor

Sulaiman Vesal, Mingxuan Gu, Andreas Maier, Nishant Ravikumar

Quantitative assessment of cardiac left ventricle (LV) morphology is essential to assess cardiac function and improve the diagnosis of different cardiovascular diseases. In current clinical practice, LV quantification depends on the measurement of myocardial shape indices, which is usually achieved by manual contouring of the endo- and epicardial. However, t

MJ Rutter

Plane wave density functional theory codes generally assume periodicity in all three dimensions. This causes difficulties when studying charged systems, for instance energies per unit cell become infinite, and, even after being renormalised by the introduction of a uniform neutralising background, are very slow to converge with cell size. The periodicity int

Ahmed S. Elgazzar

The novel COVID-19 pandemic is a current, major global health threat. Up till now, there is no fully approved pharmacological treatment or a vaccine. In this study, simple mathematical models were employed to examine the dynamics of transmission and control of COVID-19 taking into consideration social distancing and community awareness. Both situations of ho

A. Ashtari Esfahani, M. Betancourt, Z. Bogorad, S. Böser

Bayesian modeling techniques enable sensitivity analyses that incorporate detailed expectations regarding future experiments. A model-based approach also allows one to evaluate inferences and predicted outcomes, by calibrating (or measuring) the consequences incurred when certain results are reported. We present procedures for calibrating predictions of an e

Ramin G. Daghigh, Michael D. Green, Gabor Kunstatter

We investigate the massless scalar field perturbations of a new loop quantum gravity motivated regular black hole proposed by Ashtekar {\it et al.} in [Phys.Rev.Lett. 121, 241301 (2018), Phys.Rev.D 98, 126003 (2018)]. The spacetime of this black hole is distinguished by its asymptotic properties: in Schwarzschild coordinates one of the metric functions diver

Alberto Molgado, Efrain Rojas

We develop in a consistent manner the Ostrogradski-Hamilton framework for gonihedric string theory. The local action describing this model, being invariant under reparametrizations, depends on the modulus of the mean extrinsic curvature of the worldsheet swept out by the string, and thus we are confronted with a genuine second-order in derivatives field theo

Leonid G. Fel

We derive polynomial identities of arbitrary degree $n$ for syzygies degrees of numerical semigroups S_m=<d_1,...,d_m> and show that for n>=m they contain higher genera G_r=\sum_{s\in Z_>\setminus S_m}s^r of S_m. We find a number g_m=B_m-m+1 of algebraically independent genera G_r and equations, related any of g_m+1 genera, where B_m=\sum_{k=1}^{m-1}\beta_k

Colby DeLisle, Jordan Wilson-Gerow, Philip Stamp

Soft factorization has been shown to hold to sub-leading order in QED and to sub-sub-leading order in perturbative quantum gravity, with various loop and non-universal corrections that can be found. Here we show that all terms factorizing at tree level can be uniquely identified as boundary terms that exist already in the classical expressions for the electr

A K M Bahalul Haque, Sonia Tasmin

Internet of things (IoT) is the epitome of sustainable development. It has facilitated the development of smart systems, industrialization, and the state-of-the-art quality of life. IoT architecture is one of the essential baselines of understanding the widespread adoption. Security issues are very crucial for any technical infrastructure. Since IoT comprise

DongSeon Hwang

The conjecture called algebraic Montgomery-Yang problem is still open for rational $\mathbb{Q}$-homology projective planes with cyclic quotient singularities having ample canonical divisor. All known such surfaces have a special birational behavior called a cascade. In this note, we establish algebraic Montgomery-Yang problem assuming the cascade conjecture,

Grusha Prasad, Yixin Nie, Mohit Bansal, Robin Jia

Given the increasingly prominent role NLP models (will) play in our lives, it is important for human expectations of model behavior to align with actual model behavior. Using Natural Language Inference (NLI) as a case study, we investigate the extent to which human-generated explanations of models' inference decisions align with how models actually make thes

Sophia Bethany Coban, Vladyslav Andriiashen, Poulami Somanya Ganguly, Maureen van Eijnatten

We present three parallel-beam tomographic datasets of 94 apples with internal defects along with defect label files. The datasets are prepared for development and testing of data-driven, learning-based image reconstruction, segmentation and post-processing methods. The three versions are a noiseless simulation; simulation with added Gaussian noise, and with

J. Carbonell, E. Hiyama, R. Lazauskas, F. M. Marqués

We describe 19B in terms of a 17B-n-n three-body system, where the two-body subsystems 17B-n and n-n are unbound (virtual) states close to the unitary limit. The energy of 19B ground state is well reproduced and two low-lying resonances are predicted. Their eventual link with the Efimov physics is discussed. This model can be extended to describe the recentl

Juan Eugenio Iglesias, Benjamin Billot, Yael Balbastre, Azadeh Tabari

Most existing algorithms for automatic 3D morphometry of human brain MRI scans are designed for data with near-isotropic voxels at approximately 1 mm resolution, and frequently have contrast constraints as well - typically requiring T1 scans (e.g., MP-RAGE). This limitation prevents the analysis of millions of MRI scans acquired with large inter-slice spacin

Rishabh Maheshwary, Saket Maheshwary, Vikram Pudi

We study an important task of attacking natural language processing models in a black box setting. We propose an attack strategy that crafts semantically similar adversarial examples on text classification and entailment tasks. Our proposed attack finds candidate words by considering the information of both the original word and its surrounding context. It j

Raúl A. Briceño, Andrew W. Jackura, Felipe G. Ortega-Gama, Keegan H. Sherman

This work explores scattering amplitudes that couple two-particle systems via a single external current insertion, $2+\mathcal{J}\to 2$. Such amplitudes can provide structural information about the excited QCD spectrum. We derive an exact analytic representation for these reactions. From these amplitudes, we show how to rigorously define resonance and bound-

Sina Rezaei Aghdam, Sven Jacobsson, Ulf Gustavsson, Giuseppe Durisi

We introduce a framework for linear precoder design over a massive multiple-input multiple-output downlink system in the presence of nonlinear power amplifiers (PAs). By studying the spatial characteristics of the distortion, we demonstrate that conventional linear precoding techniques steer nonlinear distortions towards the users. We show that, by taking in

Guillaume Marcaud, Mathias Berciano, Christian Lafforgue, Carlos Alonso-Ramos

Complex 3D integration of photonic and electronic integrated circuits is of particular interest to carry the photonics roadmap and to address challenges but involves mechanical stress, often detrimental for the behavior of optical components. Existing experiments failed to carefully analyze the stress in such integrated optical devices due to the requirement

Oussama Landoulsi

In this paper, we consider the Schr\"odinger equation with a mass-supercritical focusing nonlinearity, in the exterior of a smooth, compact, convex obstacle of $\R^{d}$ with Dirichlet boundary conditions. We prove that solutions with negative energy blow up in finite time. Assuming furthermore that the nonlinearity is energy-subcritical, we also prove (under

Huai-Dong Cao, Jiangtao Yu

In this paper, we extend the work of Cao-Chen [9] on Bach-flat gradient Ricci solitons to classify $n$-dimensional ($n\ge 5$) complete $D$-flat gradient steady Ricci solitons. More precisely, we prove that any $n$-dimensional complete noncompact gradient steady Ricci soliton with vanishing $D$-tensor is either Ricci-flat, or isometric to the Bryant soliton.

M. M. Lester, R. P. Neatherway, C. -H. L. Ong, S. J. Ramsay

Higher-order recursion schemes are a higher-order analogue of Boolean Programs; they form a natural class of abstractions for functional programs. We present a new, efficient algorithm for checking CTL properties of the trees generated by higher-order recursion schemes, which is an extension of Kobayashi's intersection type-based model checking technique. We

Christof Schötz

A nonparametric regression setting is considered with a real-valued covariate and responses from a metric space. One may approach this setting via Fr\'echet regression, where the value of the regression function at each point is estimated via a Fr\'echet mean calculated from an estimated objective function. A second approach is geodesic regression, which bui

Panagiotis Andrianesis, Dimitris Bertsimas, Michael C. Caramanis, William W. Hogan

The presence of non-convexities in electricity markets has been an active research area for about two decades. The -- inevitable under current marginal cost pricing -- problem of guaranteeing that no market participant incurs losses in the day-ahead market is addressed in current practice through make-whole payments a.k.a. uplift. Alternative pricing rules h

Saientan Bag, Rituparno Mandal

Prediction of pair potential given a typical configuration of an interacting classical system is a difficult inverse problem. There exists no exact result that can predict the potential given the structural information. We demonstrate that using machine learning (ML) one can get a quick but accurate answer to the question: which pair potential lead to the gi

Arda Sahiner, Tolga Ergen, John Pauly, Mert Pilanci

We describe the convex semi-infinite dual of the two-layer vector-output ReLU neural network training problem. This semi-infinite dual admits a finite dimensional representation, but its support is over a convex set which is difficult to characterize. In particular, we demonstrate that the non-convex neural network training problem is equivalent to a finite-

David E. Roberson, Simon Schmidt

We introduce the notion of nonlocal symmetry of a graph $G$, defined as a winning quantum correlation for the $G$-automorphism game that cannot be produced classically. Recent connections between quantum group theory and quantum information show that quantum correlations for this game correspond to tracial states on $C(\text{Qut}(G))$ -- the algebra of funct

André Erpenbeck, Guy Cohen

The Kondo effect, a hallmark of strong correlation physics, is characterized by the formation of an extended cloud of singlet states around magnetic impurities at low temperatures. While many implications of the Kondo cloud's existence have been verified, the existence of the singlet cloud itself has not been directly demonstrated. We suggest a route for suc

Qinghua Liu, Zhou Lu

Leveraging algorithmic stability to derive sharp generalization bounds is a classic and powerful approach in learning theory. Since Vapnik and Chervonenkis [1974] first formalized the idea for analyzing SVMs, it has been utilized to study many fundamental learning algorithms (e.g., $k$-nearest neighbors [Rogers and Wagner, 1978], stochastic gradient method [

Muhammad Ahtazaz Ahsan, Adnan Qayyum, Junaid Qadir, Adeel Razi

In recent years, deep learning (DL) techniques have provided state-of-the-art performance on different medical imaging tasks. However, the availability of good quality annotated medical data is very challenging due to involved time constraints and the availability of expert annotators, e.g., radiologists. In addition, DL is data-hungry and their training req

Mohammad Reza Rahmati, Gerardo Flores

This paper introduces two new notions of graded linear resolution and graded linear quotients, which generalize the concepts of linear resolution property and linear quotient for modules over the polynomial ring $A=k[x_1, \dots ,x_n]$. Besides, we compare graded linearity with componentwise linearity in general. For modules minimally generated by a regular s

Mike Lockwood, Carl Haines, Luke A. Barnard, Mathew J. Owens

We use the am, an, as and the a-sigma geomagnetic indices to the explore a previously overlooked factor in magnetospheric electrodynamics, namely the inductive effect of diurnal motions of the Earth's magnetic poles toward and away from the Sun caused by Earth's rotation. Because the offset of the (eccentric dipole) geomagnetic pole from the rotational axis

Zachary Elgood, Dimitrios Mitsios, Tomás Ortín, David Pereñíguez

We re-derive the first law of black hole mechanics in the context of the Heterotic Superstring effective action compactified on a torus to leading order in alpha prime, using Wald's formalism, covariant Lie derivatives and momentum maps. The Kalb-Ramond field strength of this theory has Abelian Chern-Simons terms which induce Nicolai-Townsend transformations

Yangyang Qu, Chao liu, Yongsheng Ou

Restoring images from low-light data is a challenging problem. Most existing deep-network based algorithms are designed to be trained with pairwise images. Due to the lack of real-world datasets, they usually perform poorly when generalized in practice in terms of loss of image edge and color information. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised generation

Joseph Stember, Hrithwik Shalu

Purpose: Lesion segmentation in medical imaging is key to evaluating treatment response. We have recently shown that reinforcement learning can be applied to radiological images for lesion localization. Furthermore, we demonstrated that reinforcement learning addresses important limitations of supervised deep learning; namely, it can eliminate the requiremen

Min Jiang, Guokun Chi, Geqiang Pan, Shihui Guo

Robot gait optimization is the task of generating an optimal control trajectory under various internal and external constraints. Given the high dimensions of control space, this problem is particularly challenging for multi-legged robots walking in complex and unknown environments. Existing literatures often regard the gait generation as an optimization prob

Silvia Taccola, Aliria Poliziani, Daniele Santonocito, Alessio Mondini

Development of dry, ultra-conformable and unperceivable temporary tattoo electrodes (TTEs), based on the ink-jet printing of PEDOT:PSS on top of commercially available temporary tattoo paper, has gained increasing attention as a new and promising technology for electrophysiological recordings on skin. In this work we present a TTEs epidermal sensor for real

Ankit Yadav, Dinesh Kumar Vishwakarma

Person re-identification has received a lot of attention from the research community in recent times. Due to its vital role in security based applications, person re-identification lies at the heart of research relevant to tracking robberies, preventing terrorist attacks and other security critical events. While the last decade has seen tremendous growth in

Naoki Masuda, Joel C. Miller, Petter Holme

Diseases spread over temporal networks of interaction events between individuals. Structures of these temporal networks hold the keys to understanding epidemic propagation. One early concept of the literature to aid in discussing these structures is concurrency -- quantifying individuals' tendency to form time-overlapping "partnerships". Although conflicting