February 2021 arXiv papers — page 7

Jorge A. Vila

The presence of metamorphism in the protein's native state is not yet fully understood. In an attempt to throw light on this issue here we present an assessment, in terms of the amide hydrogen exchange protection factor, that aims to determine the likely existence of structural fluctuations in the native-state consistent with both the upper bound margina

Haitao Wang

Given a set $S$ of $m$ point sites in a simple polygon $P$ of $n$ vertices, we consider the problem of computing the geodesic farthest-point Voronoi diagram for $S$ in $P$. It is known that the problem has an $Ω(n+m\log m)$ time lower bound. Previously, a randomized algorithm was proposed [Barba, SoCG 2019] that can solve the problem in $O(n+m\log m)$ expect

Yingxue Zhou, Xinyan Li, Arindam Banerjee

Recent empirical work on stochastic gradient descent (SGD) applied to over-parameterized deep learning has shown that most gradient components over epochs are quite small. Inspired by such observations, we rigorously study properties of Truncated SGD (T-SGD), that truncates the majority of small gradient components to zeros. Considering non-convex optimizati

Nan Jiang, Thibaud Lutellier, Lin Tan

Automatic program repair (APR) is crucial to improve software reliability. Recently, neural machine translation (NMT) techniques have been used to fix software bugs automatically. While promising, these approaches have two major limitations. Their search space often does not contain the correct fix, and their search strategy ignores software knowledge such a

Gert de Cooman, Jasper De Bock

We use the martingale-theoretic approach of game-theoretic probability to incorporate imprecision into the study of randomness. In particular, we define several notions of randomness associated with interval, rather than precise, forecasting systems, and study their properties. The richer mathematical structure that thus arises lets us, amongst other things,

Jiaoyan Chen, Yuxia Geng, Zhuo Chen, Ian Horrocks

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) which aims at predicting classes that have never appeared during the training using external knowledge (a.k.a. side information) has been widely investigated. In this paper we present a literature review towards ZSL in the perspective of external knowledge, where we categorize the external knowledge, review their methods and compare

Edouard Ollier, Pierre Blanchard, Gwénaël Le Teuff, Stefan Michiels

Network meta-analysis (NMA) allows the combination of direct and indirect evidence from a set of randomized clinical trials. Performing NMA using individual patient data (IPD) is considered as a "gold standard" approach as it provides several advantages over NMA based on aggregate data. For example, it allows to perform advanced modelling of covariat

Jeremy M. Cohen, Simran Kaur, Yuanzhi Li, J. Zico Kolter

We empirically demonstrate that full-batch gradient descent on neural network training objectives typically operates in a regime we call the Edge of Stability. In this regime, the maximum eigenvalue of the training loss Hessian hovers just above the numerical value $2 / \text{(step size)}$, and the training loss behaves non-monotonically over short timescale

J. Nathan Matias, Austin Hounsel, Nick Feamster

How can society understand and hold accountable complex human and algorithmic decision-making systems whose systematic errors are opaque to the public? These systems routinely make decisions on individual rights and well-being, and on protecting society and the democratic process. Practical and statistical constraints on external audits--such as dimensional

Yikun Ban, Jingrui He

We study identifying user clusters in contextual multi-armed bandits (MAB). Contextual MAB is an effective tool for many real applications, such as content recommendation and online advertisement. In practice, user dependency plays an essential role in the user's actions, and thus the rewards. Clustering similar users can improve the quality of reward es

Ekrem M. Esmer, Özgür Baştürk, Tobias C. Hinse, Selim O. Selam

HW Vir is a short-period binary that presents eclipse timing variations. Circumbinary planets have been proposed as a possible explanation, although the properties of the planets differ in each new study. Our aim is to perform robust model selection methods for eclipse timing variations (ETV) and error calculation techniques based on a frequentist approach f

Longlong Wu, Shinjae Yoo, Ana F. Suzana, Tadesse A. Assefa

As a critical component of coherent X-ray diffraction imaging (CDI), phase retrieval has been extensively applied in X-ray structural science to recover the 3D morphological information inside measured particles. Despite meeting all the oversampling requirements of Sayre and Shannon, current phase retrieval approaches still have trouble achieving a unique in

Britta Ann Johnson, Nandini Ananth

Mean-Field Ring Polymer Molecular Dynamics (MF-RPMD) is a powerful, efficient, and accurate method for approximate quantum dynamic simulations of multi-level system dynamics. Initial efforts to compute nonadiabatic reaction rates using MF-RPMD were not successful; recent work showed that this can be remedied by including a simple, if adhoc, correction term t

Jiaxun Cui, William Macke, Harel Yedidsion, Daniel Urieli

Traffic congestion is a major challenge in modern urban settings. The industry-wide development of autonomous and automated vehicles (AVs) motivates the question of how can AVs contribute to congestion reduction. Past research has shown that in small scale mixed traffic scenarios with both AVs and human-driven vehicles, a small fraction of AVs executing a co

Arkajyoti Maity, Arunava Chakrabarti

We investigate the quantum dynamics of wave packets in a class of decorated lattices, both quasiperiodic and random, where a nominal quasi-one dimensionality is introduced at local levels, bringing in a deterministic or even random variations in the distribution of the coordination number throughout the system. We show that certain correlations in the numeri

Shiyu Feng, Zixuan Wu, Yipu Zhao, Patricio A. Vela

This paper describes a stereo image-based visual servoing system for trajectory tracking by a non-holonomic robot without externally derived pose information nor a known visual map of the environment. It is called trajectory servoing. The critical component is a feature-based, indirect Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) method to provide a pool of

Reyhan Kevser Keser, Aydin Ayanzadeh, Omid Abdollahi Aghdam, Caglar Kilcioglu

One of the most efficient methods for model compression is hint distillation, where the student model is injected with information (hints) from several different layers of the teacher model. Although the selection of hint points can drastically alter the compression performance, conventional distillation approaches overlook this fact and use the same hint po

Andreas Stöckel

We present an alternative derivation of the LTI system underlying the Legendre Delay Network (LDN). To this end, we first construct an LTI system that generates the Legendre polynomials. We then dampen the system by approximating a windowed impulse response, using what we call a "delay re-encoder". The resulting LTI system is equivalent to the LDN sy

Hsuan Ming Yu, Amartya S. Banerjee

We present a real-space formulation and implementation of Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory suited to twisted geometries, and apply it to the study of torsional deformations of X (X = C, Si, Ge, Sn) nanotubes. Our formulation is based on higher order finite difference discretization in helical coordinates, uses ab intio pseudopotentials, and naturally inco

Ben Elias, You Qi

We prove that many of the recently-constructed algebras and categories which appear in categorification can be equipped with an action of $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ by derivations. The $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ representations which appear are filtered by tensor products of coverma modules. In a future paper, we will address the implications of the $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ structur

Abhijat Biswas, Allan Wang, Gustavo Silvera, Aaron Steinfeld

The human-robot interaction (HRI) community has developed many methods for robots to navigate safely and socially alongside humans. However, experimental procedures to evaluate these works are usually constructed on a per-method basis. Such disparate evaluations make it difficult to compare the performance of such methods across the literature. To bridge thi

Yevgeny Tsodikovich, Xavier Venel, Anna Zseleva

We study zero-sum repeated games where the minimizing player has to pay a certain cost each time he changes his action. Our contribution is twofold. First, we show that the value of the game exists in stationary strategies, depending solely on the previous action of the minimizing player, not the entire history. We provide a full characterization of the valu

Georgios Bakirtzis, Fabrizio Genovese, Cody H. Fleming

Our work focuses on modeling the security of systems from their component-level designs. Towards this goal, we develop a categorical formalism to model attacker actions. Equipping the categorical formalism with algebras produces two interesting results for security modeling. First, using the Yoneda lemma, we can model attacker reconnaissance missions. In thi

Amol Ratnaparkhe, Santosh Kumar Radha, Walter R. L. Lambrecht

Orhorhombic $α$-MoO$_3$ is a layered oxide with various applications and with excellent potential to be exfoliated as a 2D ultrathin film or monolayer. In this paper, we present a first-principles computational study of its vibrational properties. Our focus is on the zone center modes which can be measured by a combination of infared and Raman spectroscopy.

Ying Zong

Elliptic K3 admit contraction to plane models, the Weierstrass models. We define a higher dimensional notion of Weierstrass models, show that they are compactification of torsors in a unique form, and propose an application to the kahler geometry of a class of lagrangian fibrations on irreducible symplectic manifolds.

Gábor Pataki, Aleksandr Touzov

A striking pathology of semidefinite programs (SDPs) is illustrated by a classical example of Khachiyan: feasible solutions in SDPs may need exponential space even to write down. Such exponential size solutions are the main obstacle to solve a long standing, fundamental open problem: can we decide feasibility of SDPs in polynomial time? The consensus seems t

Peter Kairouz, Brendan McMahan, Shuang Song, Om Thakkar

We consider training models with differential privacy (DP) using mini-batch gradients. The existing state-of-the-art, Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD), requires privacy amplification by sampling or shuffling to obtain the best privacy/accuracy/computation trade-offs. Unfortunately, the precise requirements on exact sampling and shu

Leon A. Takhtajan

For the radial and one-dimensional Schrödinger operator $H$ with growing potential $q(x)$ we outline a method of obtaining the trace identities - an asymptotic expansion of the Fredholm determinant $\mathrm{det}_{F}(H-λI)$ as $λ\to-\infty$. As an illustrating example, we consider Schrödinger operator with the potential $q(x)=2\cosh 2x$, associated with the m

John Dunham, Konstantinos Papangelis, Nicolas LaLone, Yihong Wang

Location-based games (LBG) impose virtual spaces on top of physical locations. Studies have explored LBG from various perspectives. However, a comprehensive study of who these players are, their traits, their gratifications, and the links between them is conspicuously absent from the literature. In this paper, we aim to address this lacuna through a series o

G. P. Zhang, Y. H. Bai

Harmonic generation in atoms and molecules has reshaped our understanding of ultrafast phenomena beyond the traditional nonlinear optics and has launched attosecond physics. Harmonics from solids represent a new frontier, where both majority and minority spin channels contribute to harmonics.} This is true even in a ferromagnet whose electronic states are eq

Luis Nieto-Barajas, Eduardo Gutiérrez-Peña

We describe a procedure to introduce general dependence structures on a set of random variables. These include order-$q$ moving average-type structures, as well as seasonal, periodic, spatial and spatio-temporal dependences. The invariant marginal distribution can be in any family that is conjugate to an exponential family with quadratic variance function. D

Peter K. Friz, Tom Klose

We implement a Laplace method for the renormalised solution to the generalised 2D Parabolic Anderson Model (gPAM) driven by a small spatial white noise. Our work rests upon Hairer's theory of regularity structures which allows to generalise classical ideas of Azencott and Ben Arous on path space as well as Aida and Inahama and Kawabi on rough path space

Qiongwen Xu, Michael D. Wong, Tanvi Wagle, Srinivas Narayana

Extended Berkeley Packet Filter (BPF) has emerged as a powerful method to extend packet-processing functionality in the Linux operating system. BPF allows users to write code in high-level languages (like C or Rust) and execute them at specific hooks in the kernel, such as the network device driver. To ensure safe execution of a user-developed BPF program in

Anatole Ertul

The Fredrickson-Andersen one spin facilitated model belongs to the class of Kinetically Constrained Spin Models. It is a non attractive process with positive spectral gap. In this paper we give a precise result on the relaxation for this process on an interval $[1,L]$ starting from any initial configuration. A consequence of this result is that this process

Francesco Bollati, Giuseppe Lodato, Daniel J. Price, Christophe Pinte

A new technique to detect protoplanets is by observing the kinematics of the surrounding gas. Gravitational perturbations from a planet produce peculiar `kinks' in channel maps of different gas species. In this paper, we show that such kinks can be reproduced using semi-analytic models for the velocity perturbation induced by a planet. In doing so we i)

Barnabás Deme, Bence Kocsis

We study dynamical systems which admit action-angle variables at leading order which are subject to nearly resonant perturbations. If the frequencies characterizing the unperturbed system are not in resonance, the long-term dynamical evolution may be integrated by orbit-averaging over the high-frequency angles, thereby evolving the orbit-averaged effect of t

Dylan Keating, Nicolas B. Cowan

The field of exoplanet atmospheric characterization is trending towards comparative studies involving many planetary systems, and using Bayesian hierarchical modelling is a natural next step. Here we demonstrate two use cases. We first use hierarchical modelling to quantify variability in repeated observations by reanalyzing a suite of ten Spitzer secondary

Kevin J. Kelly, Pedro A. N. Machado, Alberto Marchionni, Yuber F. Perez-Gonzalez

We propose the operation of \textbf{LEvEL}, the Low-Energy Neutrino Experiment at the LHC, a neutrino detector near the Large Hadron Collider Beam Dump. Such a detector is capable of exploring an intense, low-energy neutrino flux and can measure neutrino cross sections that have previously never been observed. These cross sections can inform other future neu

Katherine Freese, Martin Wolfgang Winkler

We propose a new model of Early Dark Energy (EDE) as a solution to the Hubble tension in cosmology, the apparent discrepancy between local measurements of the Hubble constant $H_0\simeq 74$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$ and $H_0\simeq 67$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$ inferred from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). In Chain EDE, the Universe undergoes a series of fir

N. Chornay, N. A. Walton

Context. Planetary nebulae (PNe) are a brief but important phase of stellar evolution. The study of Galactic PNe has historically been hampered by uncertain distances, but the parallaxes of PN central stars (CSPNe) measured by Gaia are improving the situation. Aims. Gaia's Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) offers higher astrometric precision and greater comple

Ali Ramezani-Kebrya, Ashish Khisti, Ben Liang

While momentum-based methods, in conjunction with stochastic gradient descent (SGD), are widely used when training machine learning models, there is little theoretical understanding on the generalization error of such methods. In this work, we first show that there exists a convex loss function for which algorithmic stability fails to establish generalizatio

Juan Carlos Criado, Abdelhak Djouadi, Niko Koivunen, Martti Raidal

Using an effective field theory approach for higher-spin fields, we derive the interactions of colour singlet and electrically neutral particles with a spin higher than unity, concentrating on the spin-3/2, spin-2, spin-5/2 and spin-3 cases. We compute the decay rates and production cross sections in the main channels for spin-3/2 and spin-2 states at both e

Yann Cado, Benedict von Harling, Eduard Masso, Mariano Quiros

We show that the baryon asymmetry of the universe can be explained in models where the Higgs couples to the Chern-Simons term of the hypercharge group and is away from the late-time minimum of its potential during inflation. The Higgs then relaxes toward this minimum once inflation ends which leads to the production of (hyper)magnetic helicity. We discuss th

CMS Collaboration

Differential cross sections for the Drell-Yan process, including Z boson production, using the dimuon decay channel are measured in proton-lead (pPb) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV. A data sample recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC is used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 173 nb$^{-1}$. The differential c

Alexander G. Reisach, Christof Seiler, Sebastian Weichwald

Simulated DAG models may exhibit properties that, perhaps inadvertently, render their structure identifiable and unexpectedly affect structure learning algorithms. Here, we show that marginal variance tends to increase along the causal order for generically sampled additive noise models. We introduce varsortability as a measure of the agreement between the o

Ievgen I. Arkhipov, Fabrizio Minganti, Adam Miranowicz, Franco Nori

Recently, there has been intense research in proposing and developing various methods for constructing high-order exceptional points (EPs) in dissipative systems. These EPs can possess a number of intriguing properties related to, e.g., chiral transport and enhanced sensitivity. Previous proposals to realize non-Hermitian Hamiltonians (NHHs) with high-order

Davood Karimi, Serge Vasylechko, Ali Gholipour

Like other applications in computer vision, medical image segmentation has been most successfully addressed using deep learning models that rely on the convolution operation as their main building block. Convolutions enjoy important properties such as sparse interactions, weight sharing, and translation equivariance. These properties give convolutional neura

Chaobing Song, Stephen J. Wright, Jelena Diakonikolas

We study structured nonsmooth convex finite-sum optimization that appears widely in machine learning applications, including support vector machines and least absolute deviation. For the primal-dual formulation of this problem, we propose a novel algorithm called \emph{Variance Reduction via Primal-Dual Accelerated Dual Averaging (\vrpda)}. In the nonsmooth

Matthias Bentert, Robert Bredereck, Péter Györgyi, Andrzej Kaczmarczyk

The NP-hard MATERIAL CONSUMPTION SCHEDULING Problem and closely related problems have been thoroughly studied since the 1980's. Roughly speaking, the problem deals with minimizing the makespan when scheduling jobs that consume non-renewable resources. We focus on the single-machine case without preemption: from time to time, the resources of the machine

Jakob Heiss, Jakob Weissteiner, Hanna Wutte, Sven Seuken

We study methods for estimating model uncertainty for neural networks (NNs) in regression. To isolate the effect of model uncertainty, we focus on a noiseless setting with scarce training data. We introduce five important desiderata regarding model uncertainty that any method should satisfy. However, we find that established benchmarks often fail to reliably

Bronson Lim, Franco Rota

Suppose $G$ is a finite group acting on an Abelian variety $A$ such that the coarse moduli space $A/G$ is smooth. Using the recent classification result due to Auffarth, Lucchini Arteche, and Quezada, we construct an orbifold semiorthogonal decomposition for $\mathcal{D}[A/G]$ provided $G = T\rtimes H$ with $T$ a subgroup of translations and $H$ is a subgrou

Marinho Bertanha, EunYi Chung

Classical two-sample permutation tests for equality of distributions have exact size in finite samples, but they fail to control size for testing equality of parameters that summarize each distribution. This paper proposes permutation tests for equality of parameters that are estimated at root-$n$ or slower rates. Our general framework applies to both parame

M. Perdriat, P. Huillery, C. Pellet-Mary, G. Hétet

The negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in nano- or micro- diamonds has emerged as a promising magnetic field sensor, as a candidate for hyper-polarizing paramagnetic species, as well as a tool for spin-mechanics at the nanoscale. However, NV-doped diamonds are presently not straightforwardly employable for these applications in a liquid or when

Issam Hammad, Ryan Simpson, Hippolyte Djonon Tsague, Sarah Hall

Nuclear reactor inspections are critical to ensure the safety and reliability of a nuclear facility's operation. In Canada, Ultrasonic Testing (UT) is used to inspect the health of pressure tubes which are part of Canada's Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) reactor's fuel channels. Currently, analysis of UT scans is performed by manual visualization and m

Volker Karle, Maksym Serbyn, Alexios A. Michailidis

Eigenstate thermalization in quantum many-body systems implies that eigenstates at high energy are similar to random vectors. Identifying systems where at least some eigenstates are non-thermal is an outstanding question. In this work we show that interacting quantum models that have a nullspace -- a degenerate subspace of eigenstates at zero energy (zero mo

M. V. Dolgopolik

We present a general theory of exact penalty functions with vectorial (multidimensional) penalty parameter for optimization problems in infinite dimensional spaces. In comparison with the scalar case, the use of vectorial penalty parameters provides much more flexibility, allows one to adaptively and independently take into account the violation of each cons

Daniel Waddington, Clem Dickey, Moshik Hershcovitch, Sangeetha Seshadri

The advent of CPU-attached persistent memory technology, such as Intel's Optane Persistent Memory Modules (PMM), has brought with it new opportunities for storage. In 2018, IBM Research Almaden began investigating and developing a new enterprise-grade storage solution directly aimed at this emerging technology. MCAS (Memory Centric Active Storage) define

Leela Ganesh Chandra Lakkaraju, Shiladitya Mal, Aditi Sen De

Parity-time (PT) symmetric quantum theory can broaden the scope of quantum dynamics beyond unitary evolution which may lead to numerous counter-intuitive phenomena, including single-shot discrimination of non-orthogonal states, faster evolution of state than the standard quantum speed limit, and violation of no-signaling principle. On the other hand, PT-symm

Andrii Gudyma, Iurii Gudyma

A study of the one-dimensional molecular chain (MC) with two single-particle degenerate states is presented. We establish connection of the MC with the Ising model with phononic interactions and investigate properties of the model using a transfer matrix method. The transfer matrix method offers a promising pathway for simulating such materials properties. T

Jonas Geiping, Liam Fowl, Gowthami Somepalli, Micah Goldblum

Data poisoning is a threat model in which a malicious actor tampers with training data to manipulate outcomes at inference time. A variety of defenses against this threat model have been proposed, but each suffers from at least one of the following flaws: they are easily overcome by adaptive attacks, they severely reduce testing performance, or they cannot g

Pavithra Rajendran, Alexandros Zenonos, Josh Spear, Rebecca Pope

International Classification of Diseases (ICD) are the de facto codes used globally for clinical coding. These codes enable healthcare providers to claim reimbursement and facilitate efficient storage and retrieval of diagnostic information. The problem of automatically assigning ICD codes has been approached in literature as a multilabel classification, usi

Young-Pil Choi, Dante Kalise, Andrés A. Peters

A decentralized feedback controller for multi-agent systems, inspired by vehicle platooning, is proposed. The closed loop resulting from the decentralized control action has three distinctive features: the generation of collision-free trajectories, flocking of the system towards a consensus state in velocity, and asymptotic convergence to a prescribed patter

Sohini Upadhyay, Shalmali Joshi, Himabindu Lakkaraju

As predictive models are increasingly being deployed in high-stakes decision making (e.g., loan approvals), there has been growing interest in post hoc techniques which provide recourse to affected individuals. These techniques generate recourses under the assumption that the underlying predictive model does not change. However, in practice, models are often

Tim Zimmermann, Nico Schwersenz, Massimo Pietroni, Sandro Wimberger

This paper investigates the feasibility of simulating Fuzzy Dark Matter (FDM) with a reduced number of spatial dimensions. Our aim is to set up a realistic, yet numerically inexpensive, toy model in $(1+1)$-dimensional space time, that - under well controlled system conditions - is capable of realizing important aspects of the full-fledged $(3+1)$-FDM phenom

Christiane S. Lorenz, Lena Funcke, Matthias Löffler, Erminia Calabrese

We reconstruct the neutrino mass as a function of redshift, z, from current cosmological data using both standard binned priors and linear spline priors with variable knots. Using cosmic microwave background temperature, polarization and lensing data, in combination with distance measurements from baryonic acoustic oscillations and supernovae, we find that t

Manabu Kanno, Benoît Mignolet, Françoise Remacle, Hirohiko Kono

The internal conversion from the optically bright S$_2$ ($^1$B$_{2\mathrm{u}}$, $ππ^*$) state to the dark S$_1$ ($^1$B$_{3\mathrm{u}}$, n$π^*$) state in pyrazine is a standard benchmark for experimental and theoretical studies on ultrafast radiationless decay. Since 2008 a few theoretical groups have suggested significant contributions of other dark states S

Richard Schmidt, Tilman Enss

The mobile impurity in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a paradigmatic many-body problem. For weak interaction between the impurity and the BEC, the impurity deforms the BEC only slightly and it is well described within the Fröhlich model and the Bogoliubov approximation. For strong local attraction this standard approach, however, fails to balance the lo

Erica Ipocoana

We introduce here a new diffuse interface thermodynamically consistent non-isothermal model for tumor growth in presence of a nutrient in a domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^3$. In particular our system describes the growth of a tumor surrounded by healthy tissues, taking into account changes of temperature, proliferation of cells, nutrient consumption and apoptos

Raquel Pantojo de Souza Bachour, Eduardo Lopes Dias, George Cunha Cardoso

Capillary refill time (CRT) is a method for evaluating peripheral perfusion by visual assessment. CRT is especially useful for quick evaluations in the absence of sophisticated equipment. However, there are repeatability and reproducibility limitations with CRT, especially for dark skin. To test the limits of CRT repeatability and skin color independence, we

S. Abreu, F. Febres Cordero, H. Ita, B. Page

We present the complete set of leading-color two-loop contributions required to obtain next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) QCD corrections to three-jet production at hadron colliders. We obtain analytic expressions for a generating set of finite remainders, valid in the physical region for three-jet production. The analytic continuation of the known Euclide

Valentina De Simone, Daniela di Serafino, Jacek Gondzio, Spyridon Pougkakiotis

Large-scale optimization problems that seek sparse solutions have become ubiquitous. They are routinely solved with various specialized first-order methods. Although such methods are often fast, they usually struggle with not-so-well conditioned problems. In this paper, specialized variants of an interior point-proximal method of multipliers are proposed and

Akram Touil, Barış Çakmak, Sebastian Deffner

It is an established fact that quantum coherences have thermodynamic value. The natural question arises, whether other genuine quantum properties such as entanglement can also be exploited to extract thermodynamic work. In the present analysis, we show that the ergotropy can be expressed as a function of the quantum mutual information, which demonstrates the

Yigit Tuncel, Ganapati Bhat, Jaehyun Park, Umit Ogras

Energy harvesting offers an attractive and promising mechanism to power low-energy devices. However, it alone is insufficient to enable an energy-neutral operation, which can eliminate tedious battery charging and replacement requirements. Achieving an energy-neutral operation is challenging since the uncertainties in harvested energy undermine the quality o

Yulin Shao, Deniz Gunduz, Soung Chang Liew

Over-the-air computation (OAC) is a promising technique to realize fast model aggregation in the uplink of federated edge learning. OAC, however, hinges on accurate channel-gain precoding and strict synchronization among the edge devices, which are challenging in practice. As such, how to design the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator in the presence of residu

Alexander D. Hill, Robert A. Crain, Juliana Kwan, Ian G. McCarthy

We present measurements of the morphology of star-forming gas in galaxies from the EAGLE simulations, and its alignment relative to stars and dark matter (DM). Imaging of such gas in the radio continuum enables weak lensing experiments that complement traditional optical approaches. Star-forming gas is typically more flattened than its associated stars and D

ALICE Collaboration

The $p_\mathrm{T}$-differential production cross sections of prompt and non-prompt (produced in beauty-hadron decays) D mesons were measured by the ALICE experiment at midrapidity ($|y|<0.5$) in proton--proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02~\mathrm{TeV}$. The data sample used in the analysis corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $(19.3\pm0.4)~\mathrm{nb^{

Venkat Kapil, Edgar A Engel

Predictions of relative stabilities of (competing) molecular crystals are of great technological relevance, most notably for the pharmaceutical industry. However, they present a long-standing challenge for modeling, as often minuscule free energy differences are sensitively affected by the description of electronic structure, the statistical mechanics of the

Anastasia Doikou

We consider involutive, non-degenerate, finite set theoretic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation. Such solutions can be always obtained using certain algebraic structures that generalize nil potent rings called braces. Our main aim here is to express such solutions in terms of admissible Drinfeld twists substantially extending recent preliminary results. W

José L. da Silva, Yuri G. Kondratiev

We study the asymptotic behavior of random time changes of dynamical systems. As random time changes we propose three classes which exhibits different patterns of asymptotic decays. The subordination principle may be applied to study the asymptotic behavior of the random time dynamical systems. It turns out that for the special case of stable subordinators e

U. A. Acharya, C. Aidala, Y. Akiba, M. Alfred

Studying spin-momentum correlations in hadronic collisions offers a glimpse into a three-dimensional picture of proton structure. The transverse single-spin asymmetry for midrapidity isolated direct photons in $p^\uparrow+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV is measured with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Because direct pho

Rene Poncelet, Andrei Popescu

Longitudinal polarisation of the weak bosons is a direct consequence of Electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism providing an insight into its nature, and is instrumental in searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. We perform a polarisation study of the diboson production in the $p p \to e^+ν_eμ^-\barν_μ$ process at NNLO QCD in the fiducial setup inspi

V. O. Nesterenko, P. I. Vishnevskiy, J. Kvasil, A. Repko

A low-energy magnetic dipole $(M1)$ spin-scissors resonance (SSR) located just below the ordinary orbital scissors resonance (OSR) was recently predicted in deformed nuclei within the Wigner Function Moments (WFM) approach. We analyze this prediction using fully self-consistent Skyrme Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation (QRPA) method. Skyrme forces SkM*

Madeline Brandt, Kåre Schou Gjaldbæk

We study quadratic polynomials giving bijections from the integer lattice points of sectors of $\mathbb{R}^2$ onto $\mathbb{N}_0$ , called packing polynomials. We determine all quadratic packing polynomials on rational sectors. This generalizes results of Stanton, Nathanson, and Fueter and Pólya.

Lars Niemann, Thorsten Schmidt

We consider a financial market in discrete time and study pricing and hedging conditional on the information available up to an arbitrary point in time. In this conditional framework, we determine the structure of arbitrage-free prices. Moreover, we characterize attainability and market completeness. We derive a conditional version of the second fundamental

Kostas Glampedakis, George Pappas

The unprecedented image of the M87* supermassive black hole has sparked some controversy over its usefulness as a test of the general relativistic Kerr metric. The criticism is mainly related to the black hole&#39;s quasi-circular shadow and advocates that its radius depends not only on the black hole&#39;s true spacetime properties but also on the poorly kn

Noel Brady, Hung Cong Tran

We construct 4-dimensional CAT(0) groups containing finitely presented subgroups whose Dehn functions are $\exp^{(n)}(x^m)$ for integers $n, m \geq 1$ and 6-dimensional CAT(0) groups containing finitely presented subgroups whose Dehn functions are $\exp^{(n)}(x^α)$ for integers $n \geq 1$ and $α$ dense in $[1,\infty)$. This significantly expands the known ge

Sergey É. Derkachov, Karol K. Kozlowski, Alexander N. Manashov

This work develops a new method, based on the use of Gustafson&#39;s integrals and on the evaluation of singular integrals, allowing one to establish the unitarity of the separation of variables transform for infinite-dimensional representations of rank one quantum integrable models. We examine in detail the case of the $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb R)$ spin chains

Davide Zorzenon, Jan Komenda, Joerg Raisch

P-time event graphs (P-TEGs) are specific timed discrete-event systems, in which the timing of events is constrained by intervals. An important problem is to check, for all natural numbers $d$, the existence of consistent $d$-periodic trajectories for a given P-TEG. In graph theory, the Proportional-Inverse-Constant-Non-positive Circuit weight Problem (PIC-N

Facundo Molina, Pablo Ponzio, Nazareno Aguirre, Marcelo Frias

Software reliability is a primary concern in the construction of software, and thus a fundamental component in the definition of software quality. Analyzing software reliability requires a specification of the intended behavior of the software under analysis, and at the source code level, such specifications typically take the form of assertions. Unfortunate

Carlos Esteve-Yagüe, Borjan Geshkovski

We consider the neural ODE and optimal control perspective of supervised learning, with $\ell^1$-control penalties, where rather than only minimizing a final cost (the \emph{empirical risk}) for the state, we integrate this cost over the entire time horizon. We prove that any optimal control (for this cost) vanishes beyond some positive stopping time. When s

Johan Bjorck, Xiangyu Chen, Christopher De Sa, Carla P. Gomes

Low-precision training has become a popular approach to reduce compute requirements, memory footprint, and energy consumption in supervised learning. In contrast, this promising approach has not yet enjoyed similarly widespread adoption within the reinforcement learning (RL) community, partly because RL agents can be notoriously hard to train even in full pr

Martin Suda

We re-examine the topic of machine-learned clause selection guidance in saturation-based theorem provers. The central idea, recently popularized by the ENIGMA system, is to learn a classifier for recognizing clauses that appeared in previously discovered proofs. In subsequent runs, clauses classified positively are prioritized for selection. We propose sever

Alp Atakan, Mehmet Ekmekci, Ludovic Renou

We study a cheap-talk game where two experts first choose what information to acquire and then offer advice to a decision-maker whose actions affect the welfare of all. The experts cannot commit to reporting strategies. Yet, we show that the decision-maker&#39;s ability to cross-verify the experts&#39; advice acts as a commitment device for the experts. We p

Piyush Shrivastava

Code summarization is the task of generating readable summaries that are semantically meaningful and can accurately describe the presumed task of a software. Program comprehension has become one of the most tedious tasks for knowledge transfer. As the codebase evolves over time, the description needs to be manually updated each time with the changes made. An

Hao Zhang, Aixin Sun, Wei Jing, Liangli Zhen

Natural Language Video Localization (NLVL) aims to locate a target moment from an untrimmed video that semantically corresponds to a text query. Existing approaches mainly solve the NLVL problem from the perspective of computer vision by formulating it as ranking, anchor, or regression tasks. These methods suffer from large performance degradation when local

Jan Chojnacki, Jan H. Kwapisz

The destructive interference of the neighbouring field configurations with infinite classical action in the gravitational path integral approach serves as a dynamical mechanism resolving the black hole singularity problem. It also provides an isotropic and homogeneous early universe without the need of inflation. In this work, we elaborate on the finite acti

Prado Martin-Moruno, Matt Visser

We consider the Hawking-Ellis (Segre-Plebanski) classification of stress-energy tensors, both in the test-field limit, and in the presence of back-reaction governed by the usual Einstein equations. For test fields it is not too difficult to get a type~IV stress-energy via quantum vacuum polarization effects. (For example, consider the Unruh quantum vacuum st

Madan G. Kundu, Sandipan Samanta, Shoubhik Mondal

Determination of posterior probability for go-no-go decision and predictive power are becoming increasingly common for resource optimization in clinical investigation. There are vast published literature on these topics; however, the terminologies are not consistently used across the literature. Further, there is a lack of consolidated presentation of variou

Fuyu Li, Yajie Chen, Yijun Hou, Hui Tian

Light bridges (LBs) are bright lanes that divide an umbra into multiple parts in some sunspots. Persistent oscillatory bright fronts at a temperature of $\sim$$10^5$ K are commonly observed above LBs in the 1400/1330 Å~passbands of the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). Based on IRIS observations, we report small-scale bright blobs from the oscill

Alexandre Didier, Anilkumar Parsi, Jeremy Coulson, Roy S. Smith

Robust adaptive model predictive control (RAMPC) is a novel control method that combines robustness guarantees with respect to unknown parameters and bounded disturbances into a model predictive control scheme. However, RAMPC has so far only been developed in theory. The goal of this paper is to apply RAMPC to a physical quadrotor experiment. To the best of