January 2022 arXiv papers — page 110

S. L. Cartwright, J Schmied, A Livernois, B. A. Mallard

The frequency of heat waves are increasing due to climate change, which leads to an increase in the occurrence of heat stress in dairy cattle. Previous studies have shown that dairy cattle identified as high immune responders have a reduced incidence of disease and improved vaccine response compared to average and low responders. Additionally, it has been ob

L. Al Sakkaf, T. Uthayakumar, U. Al Khawaja

We investigate theoretically and numerically quantum reflection of dark solitons propagating through an external reflectionless potential barrier or in the presence of a position-dependent dispersion. We confirm that quantum reflection occurs in both cases with sharp transition between complete reflection and complete transmission at a critical initial solit

James Paul Mason, Daniel B. Seaton, Andrew R. Jones, Meng Jin

Within an imaging instrument's field of view, there may be many observational targets of interest. Similarly, within a spectrograph's bandpass, there may be many emission lines of interest. The brightness of these targets and lines can be orders of magnitude different, which poses a challenge to instrument and mission design. A single exposure can saturate t

Lauriane Chomaz, Igor Ferrier-Barbut, Francesca Ferlaino, Bruno Laburthe-Tolra

Since the achievement of quantum degeneracy in gases of chromium atoms in 2004, the experimental investigation of ultracold gases made of highly magnetic atoms has blossomed. The field has yielded the observation of many unprecedented phenomena, in particular those in which long-range and anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions play a crucial role. In this re

Ethan Zack, Daimeng Zhang, Melissa Trepanier, Jingnan Cai

Strong nonlinearity of a self-resonant radio frequency superconducting quantum interference device (rf-SQUID) meta-atom is explored via intermodulation (IM) measurements. Previous work in zero dc magnetic flux showed a sharp onset of IM response as the frequency sweeps through the resonance. A second onset at higher frequency was also observed, creating a pr

Michael Shekelyan, Graham Cormode, Peter Triantafillou, Ali Shanghooshabad

Joining records with all other records that meet a linkage condition can result in an astronomically large number of combinations due to many-to-many relationships. For such challenging (acyclic) joins, a random sample over the join result is a practical alternative to working with the oversized join result. Whereas prior works are limited to uniform join sa

M. L. Freeman, Tzu-Ming Lu, L. W. Engel

We describe the use of a coplanar waveguide whose slots are filled with resistive film, a resistively loaded coplanar waveguide (RLCPW), to measure two dimensional electron systems (2DES). The RLCPW applied to the sample hosting the 2DES provides a uniform metallic surface serving as a gate, to control the areal charge density of the 2DES. As a demonstration

Alan R. Rogers

Genetic data are now routinely used to study the history of population size, subdivision, and gene flow. A variety of formal statistical methods is available for testing hypotheses and fitting models to data. Yet it is often unclear which hypotheses are worth testing, which models worth fitting. There is a need for less formal methods that can be used in exp

Jianwei Huang, Rong Yu, Zhijun Xu, Jian-Xin Zhu

Electronic correlation is of fundamental importance to high temperature superconductivity. While the low energy electronic states in cuprates are dominantly affected by correlation effects across the phase diagram, observation of correlation-driven changes in fermiology amongst the iron-based superconductors remains rare. Here we present experimental evidenc

Mohammad Reza Setare, Arvin Ravanpak, Karam Bahari, Golnaz Farpour Fadakar

In this article we study a constant-roll inflationary model in the context of brane-world cosmology caused by a quintessence scalar field for warm inflation with a constant dissipative parameter Q =$\Gamma$/3H. We determine the analytical solution for the Friedman equation coupled to the equation of motion of the scaler field. The evolution of the primordial

Pablo Moriano, Robert A. Bridges, Michael D. Iannacone

Vehicular Controller Area Networks (CANs) are susceptible to cyber attacks of different levels of sophistication. Fabrication attacks are the easiest to administer -- an adversary simply sends (extra) frames on a CAN -- but also the easiest to detect because they disrupt frame frequency. To overcome time-based detection methods, adversaries must administer m

Nicole Mitchell, Johannes Ballé, Zachary Charles, Jakub Konečný

A significant bottleneck in federated learning (FL) is the network communication cost of sending model updates from client devices to the central server. We present a comprehensive empirical study of the statistics of model updates in FL, as well as the role and benefits of various compression techniques. Motivated by these observations, we propose a novel m

Gennadiy Kalyabin

A highly strong upper estimate in the modified asymptotic formula for sums of the primes' reciprocals is proved to be necessary (as well as sufficient) in order the Ramanujan inequality holds true. Some other criteria in similar terms are also obtained.

Maarten Sap, Anna Jafarpour, Yejin Choi, Noah A. Smith

Lifelong experiences and learned knowledge lead to shared expectations about how common situations tend to unfold. Such knowledge of narrative event flow enables people to weave together a story. However, comparable computational tools to evaluate the flow of events in narratives are limited. We quantify the differences between autobiographical and imagined

Ainaz Hajimoradlou, Mehran Kazemi

Knowledge graphs (KGs) are typically incomplete and we often wish to infer new facts given the existing ones. This can be thought of as a binary classification problem; we aim to predict if new facts are true or false. Unfortunately, we generally only have positive examples (the known facts) but we also need negative ones to train a classifier. To resolve th

Muhan Hou, Zonghao Mu, Jing Li, Qizhi Yu

The guiding task of a mobile robot requires not only human-aware navigation, but also appropriate yet timely interaction for active instruction. State-of-the-art tour-guide models limit their socially-aware consideration to adapting to users' motion, ignoring the interactive behavior planning to fulfill the communicative demands. We propose a multi-behavior

CMS Collaboration

The B$_\mathrm{c}^+$ meson is observed for the first time in heavy ion collisions. Data from the CMS detector are used to study the production of the B$_\mathrm{c}^+$ meson in lead-lead (PbPb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} =$ 5.02 TeV, via the B$_\mathrm{c}^+$ $\to$ (J/$\psi$ $\to$ $\

Zhenan Fan, Huang Fang, Xinglu Wang, Zirui Zhou

Federated learning is an emerging technology for training machine learning models across decentralized data sources without sharing data. Vertical federated learning, also known as feature-based federated learning, applies to scenarios where data sources have the same sample IDs but different feature sets. To ensure fairness among data owners, it is critical

Austin Corgan, Nathan Smith, Jennifer E. Andrews, Alexei V. Filippenko

We present late-time images of the site of the peculiar jet-driven TypeIIn supernova SN2010jp, including HST images taken 2-5 yr post explosion and deep ground-based images over a similar time. These are used to characterise its unusually remote environment and to constrain the progenitor's initial mass and age. The position of SN2010jp is found to reside al

Heng Yu, Di Fan, Weihu Song

Image segmentation is an important task in the medical image field and many convolutional neural networks (CNNs) based methods have been proposed, among which U-Net and its variants show promising performance. In this paper, we propose GP-module and GPU-Net based on U-Net, which can learn more diverse features by introducing Ghost module and atrous spatial p

Rossen I. Ivanov

We study the negative flows of the hierarchy of the integrable Heisenberg Ferromagnet model and their soliton solutions. The first negative flow is related to the so-called short pulse equation. We provide a framework which generates Lax pairs for the other members of the hierarchy. The Inverse scattering, based on the dressing method is illustrated with the

Arnab Sarker, Ali Jadbabaie, Devavrat Shah

The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the need for a robust understanding of epidemic models. Current models of epidemics are classified as either mechanistic or non-mechanistic: mechanistic models make explicit assumptions on the dynamics of disease, whereas non-mechanistic models make assumptions on the form of observed time series. Here, we introduce a sim

Anamitra Chaudhuri, Sabyasachi Chatterjee

This paper formulates a general cross validation framework for signal denoising. The general framework is then applied to nonparametric regression methods such as Trend Filtering and Dyadic CART. The resulting cross validated versions are then shown to attain nearly the same rates of convergence as are known for the optimally tuned analogues. There did not e

Ziyu Liu, Ursula Wurstbauer, Lingjie Du, Ken W. West

Impacts of domain textures on low-lying neutral excitations in the bulk of fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) systems are probed by resonant inelastic light scattering. We demonstrate that large domains of quantum fluids support long-wavelength neutral collective excitations with well-defined wave vector (momentum) dispersion that could be interpreted by

Christopher C. Stark

Studies of future space- and ground-based exoplanet surveys often rely on models of planetary systems to simulate instrument response, estimate scientific yields, perform trade analyses, and study efficient observation strategies. Until now, no planetary system models contained all of the basic physics necessary to enable study with all of the major exoplane

Nils Engler, Benedikt Jahnel, Christof Kuelske

We consider the locally thinned Bernoulli field on $\mathbb Z^d$, which is the lattice version of the Type-I Mat\'ern hardcore process in Euclidean space. It is given as the lattice field of occupation variables, obtained as image of an i.i.d. Bernoulli lattice field with occupation probability $p$, under the map which removes all particles with neighbors, w

Paige Ramsden, Daniel Lanning, Matt Nicholl, Sean L. McGee

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) provide a means to probe the low end of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass distribution, as they are only observable below the Hills mass ($\lesssim 10^8$ M$_\odot$). Here we attempt to calibrate the scaling of SMBH mass with host galaxy bulge mass, enabling SMBH masses to be estimated for large TDE samples without the nee

Matt Nicholl, Daniel Lanning, Paige Ramsden, Brenna Mockler

With the sample of observed tidal disruption events (TDEs) now reaching several tens, distinct spectroscopic classes have emerged: TDEs with only hydrogen lines (TDE-H), only helium lines (TDE-He), or hydrogen in combination with He II and often N III/O III (TDE-H+He). Here we model the light curves of 32 optically-bright TDEs using the Modular Open Source F

Yuguang Zhang

This short paper shows a topological obstruction of the existence of certain Lagrangian submanifolds in symplectic $4m$-manifolds.

Beliz Gunel, Navneet Potti, Sandeep Tata, James B. Wendt

Automating information extraction from form-like documents at scale is a pressing need due to its potential impact on automating business workflows across many industries like financial services, insurance, and healthcare. The key challenge is that form-like documents in these business workflows can be laid out in virtually infinitely many ways; hence, a goo

M. Ridley, N. W. Talarico, D. Karlsson, N. Lo Gullo

We review one of the most versatile theoretical approaches to the study of time-dependent correlated quantum transport in nano-systems: the non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism. Within this formalism, one can treat, on the same footing, inter-particle interactions, external drives and/or perturbations, and coupling to baths with a (piece-wise) c

B. Gouhier, L. Jouve, F. Lignières

Some contracting or expanding stars are thought to host a large-scale magnetic field in their radiative interior. By interacting with the contraction-induced flows, such fields may significantly alter the rotational history of the star. They thus constitute a promising way to address the problem of angular momentum transport during the rapid phases of stella

B. Vulcani, B. M. Poggianti, R. Smith, A. Moretti

Ram pressure stripping is one of the most efficient mechanisms able to affect the gas reservoir in cluster galaxies and in the last decades many studies have characterized the properties of stripped galaxies. A definite census of the importance of this process in local clusters is though still missing. Here we characterize the fraction of galaxies showing si

Harley D. Scammell, Julian Ingham, Tommy Li, Oleg P. Sushkov

Recent experiments on kagome metals AV$_3$Sb$_5$ (A=K,Rb,Cs) [M. Kang et al., Nat. Phys. 18, 301-308 (2022)] identify twofold van Hove singularities (TvHS) with opposite concavity near the Fermi energy, generating two approximately hexagonal Fermi surfaces -- one electron-like and the other hole-like. Here we propose that a TvHS generates a novel time-revers

Maria Fernanda Bustos Velasquez, Juan Camilo Velez Quinones, Karem Cecilia Rodriguez Ramirez, Juan David Vasquez Jaramillo

In the present work, we consider a spin 1/2 paramagnetic dimer embedded in a magnetic tunnel junction driven out of equilibrium by means of an applied voltage and an applied temperature gradient, in the presence of an external magnetic bias, which can be turn on/off. Here, we derive the spin excitation spectrum for a two spin 1/2 system analytically and show

Valeria Saggio, Philip Walther

Although the realization of useful quantum computers poses significant challenges, swift progress in emerging quantum technologies is making this goal realistically approachable. In this context, one of the essential resources is quantum entanglement, which allows for quantum computations outperforming their classical counterparts. However, the task of entan

A. Juráňová, E. Costantini, P. Uttley

Spectral-timing techniques have proven valuable in studying the interplay between the X-ray corona and the accretion disc in variable active galactic nuclei (AGN). Under certain conditions, photo-ionized outflows emerging from central AGN regions also play a role in the observable spectral-timing properties of the nuclear components. The variable ionizing fl

Rowan Zellers, Jiasen Lu, Ximing Lu, Youngjae Yu

As humans, we navigate a multimodal world, building a holistic understanding from all our senses. We introduce MERLOT Reserve, a model that represents videos jointly over time -- through a new training objective that learns from audio, subtitles, and video frames. Given a video, we replace snippets of text and audio with a MASK token; the model learns by cho

Joshua J. Hibbard, Jordan Mirocha, David Rapetti, Neil Bassett

Upcoming ground and space-based experiments may have sufficient accuracy to place significant constraints upon high-redshift star formation, Reionization, and dark matter (DM) using the global 21-cm signal of the intergalactic medium. In the early universe, when the relative abundance of low-mass DM halos is important, measuring the global signal would place

Jeffrey M. Berryman, Susan Gardner, Mohammadreza Zakeri

The neutron lifetime anomaly has been used to motivate the introduction of new physics with hidden-sector particles coupled to baryon number, and on which neutron stars provide powerful constraints. Although the neutron lifetime anomaly may eventually prove to be of mundane origin, we use it as motivation for a broader review of the ways that baryon number v

A. Pallottini, A. Ferrara, S. Gallerani, C. Behrens

We introduce SERRA, a suite of zoom-in high-resolution ($\sim 10\,\rm pc$) cosmological simulations including non-equilibrium chemistry and on-the-fly radiative transfer. The outputs are post-processed to derive galaxy UV+FIR continuum and emission line properties. Results are compared with available multi-wavelength data to constrain the physical properties

S. J. Brennan, M. Fraser

We present the Automated Photometry Of Transients (AutoPhOT) package, a novel automated pipeline that is designed for rapid, publication-quality photometry of astronomical transients. AutoPhOT is built from the ground up using Python 3 - with no dependencies on legacy software. Capabilities of AutoPhOT include aperture and point-spread-function photometry, t

Michael Korsmeier, Elena Pinetti, Michela Negro, Marco Regis

We analyze the angular power spectrum (APS) of the unresolved gamma-ray background (UGRB) emission and combine it with the measured properties of the resolved gamma-ray sources of the Fermi-LAT 4FGL catalog. Our goals are to dissect the composition of the gamma-ray sky and to establish the relevance of different classes of source populations of active galact

C. Gómez-Guijarro, D. Elbaz, M. Xiao, V. I. Kokorev

Compact star formation appears to be generally common in dusty star-forming galaxies (SFGs). However, its role in the framework set by the scaling relations in galaxy evolution remains to be understood. In this work we follow up on the galaxy sample from the GOODS-ALMA 2.0 survey, an ALMA blind survey at 1.1mm covering a continuous area of 72.42arcmin$^2$ us

Ken Osato, Daisuke Nagai

We present a fast methodology to produce mock observations of the thermal and kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effects based on the dark matter only $N$-body simulations coupled with the analytic intra-cluster medium model. The methods employ two different approaches: halo-based pasting (HP) and particle-based pasting (PP). The former pastes gas density and p

Sameer, Jane Charlton, Glenn Kacprzak, Anand Narayanan

We present an absorption line study of the physical and chemical properties of the Leo HI Ring and the Leo I Group as traced by 11 quasar sightlines spread over a 600 kpc X 800 kpc region. Using HST/COS G130/G160 archival observations as constraints, we couple cloud-by-cloud, multiphase, Bayesian ionization modeling with galaxy property information to determ

Alessandro Trinca, Raffaella Schneider, Rosa Valiante, Luca Graziani

Understanding the formation and growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at high redshift represents a major challenge for theoretical models. In this work we investigate the early evolution of the first SMBHs by constraining their distribution in mass and luminosity at $z > 4$. In particular, we focus on the poorly explored low-mass end of the nuclear bla

Javier Romero, Dimitrios Tzionas, Michael J. Black

Humans move their hands and bodies together to communicate and solve tasks. Capturing and replicating such coordinated activity is critical for virtual characters that behave realistically. Surprisingly, most methods treat the 3D modeling and tracking of bodies and hands separately. Here we formulate a model of hands and bodies interacting together and fit i

Sagar Vaze, Kai Han, Andrea Vedaldi, Andrew Zisserman

In this paper, we consider a highly general image recognition setting wherein, given a labelled and unlabelled set of images, the task is to categorize all images in the unlabelled set. Here, the unlabelled images may come from labelled classes or from novel ones. Existing recognition methods are not able to deal with this setting, because they make several

Joy Azzam, Daniel Henderson, Benjamin Ong, Allan Struthers

This article explores how to effectively incorporate curvature information generated using SIMD-parallel forward-mode Algorithmic Differentiation (AD) into unconstrained Quasi-Newton (QN) minimization of a smooth objective function, $f$. Specifically, forward-mode AD can be used to generate block Hessian samples $Y=\nabla^2 f(x)\,S$ whenever the gradient is

Sombuddha Bhattacharyya, Maarten V. de Hoop, Vitaly Katsnelson, Gunther Uhlmann

We revisit the problem of recovering wave speeds and density across a curved interface from reflected wave amplitudes. Such amplitudes have been exploited for decades in (exploration) seismology in this context. However, the analysis in seismology has been based on linearization and mostly flat interfaces. Here, we present a nonlinear analysis allowing curve

Katarina Kraljic, Clotilde Laigle, Christophe Pichon, Sebastien Peirani

The upcoming WEAVE-QSO survey will target a high density of quasars over a large area, enabling the reconstruction of the 3D density field through Lyman-$\alpha$ tomography over unprecedented volumes smoothed on intermediate scales ($\approx$ 16 Mpc/$h$). We produce mocks of the Lyman-$\alpha$ forest using LyMAS, and reconstruct the 3D density field between

Xingyi Zhou, Rohit Girdhar, Armand Joulin, Philipp Krähenbühl

Current object detectors are limited in vocabulary size due to the small scale of detection datasets. Image classifiers, on the other hand, reason about much larger vocabularies, as their datasets are larger and easier to collect. We propose Detic, which simply trains the classifiers of a detector on image classification data and thus expands the vocabulary

Sobhan Goudarzi, Hassan Rivaz

On one hand, the transmitted ultrasound beam gets attenuated as propagates through the tissue. On the other hand, the received Radio-Frequency (RF) data contains an additive Gaussian noise which is brought about by the acquisition card and the sensor noise. These two factors lead to a decreasing Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) in the RF data with depth, effectiv

Jianfeng Zhao, Dengwang Li, Shuo Li

Simultaneous segmentation and detection of liver tumors (hemangioma and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)) by using multi-modality non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (NCMRI) are crucial for the clinical diagnosis. However, it is still a challenging task due to: (1) the HCC information on NCMRI is invisible or insufficient makes extraction of liver tumors f

Matheus Hostert, David McKeen, Maxim Pospelov, Nirmal Raj

We propose new searches for $n^\prime$, a dark baryon that can mix with the Standard Model neutron. We show that IsoDAR, a proposal to place an intense cyclotron near a large-volume neutrino detector deep underground, can look for $n\to n^\prime \to n$ transitions with much lower backgrounds than surface experiments. This opportune neutron-shining-through-a-

Jens M. Melenk, Stefan A. Sauter

The time-harmonic Maxwell equations at high wavenumber k in domains with an analytic boundary and impedance boundary conditions are considered. A wavenumber-explicit stability and regularity theory is developed that decomposes the solution into a part with finite Sobolev regularity that is controlled uniformly in k and an analytic part. Using this regularity

Zhendong Ma

Cybersecurity has gained importance for cars that increasingly rely on software and networks. "Smartphone on wheels" is often used as an analogy to highlight the need for security. As a high-value target of cyberattacks, modern smartphones implement layers of protection. Automotive embedded systems share many similarities with smartphones. We compare the sec

Leonardo Ermann, Klaus M. Frahm, Dima L Shepelyansky

We study numerically the properties of entanglement of two interacting, or noninteracting, particles evolving in a regime of quantum chaos in the quantum Chirikov standard map. Such pairs can be viewed as interacting, on noninteracting, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs in a regime of quantum chaos. The analysis is done with such tools as the Loschmidt echo of e

Dennis Perchak, Ryan J. McCarty, Kieron Burke

Conditional-probability density functional theory (CP-DFT) is a formally exact method for finding correlation energies from Kohn-Sham DFT without evaluating an explicit energy functional. We present details on how to generate accurate exchange-correlation energies for the ground-state uniform gas. We also use the exchange hole in a CP antiparallel spin calcu

Tomohiro Asano, Yuichi Ike

We develop sheaf-theoretic methods to deal with non-smooth objects in symplectic geometry. We show the completeness of a derived category of sheaves with respect to the interleaving distance and construct a sheaf quantization of a Hamiltonian homeomorphism. We also develop Lusternik--Schnirelmann theory in the microlocal theory of sheaves. With these new she

Raviteja Chunduru, Doina Precup

Temporal abstraction in reinforcement learning is the ability of an agent to learn and use high-level behaviors, called options. The option-critic architecture provides a gradient-based end-to-end learning method to construct options. We propose an attention-based extension to this framework, which enables the agent to learn to focus different options on dif

G. Cambié, A. Belov, F. Capel, M. Casolino

Mini-EUSO is a compact telescope ($37 \times 37 \times 62$~cm$^3$) currently hosted on board the International Space Station. Mini-EUSO is devoted primarily to study Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) above $10^{21}$~eV but also to search for trange Quark Matter (SQM), to observe Transient Luminous Event (TLE) in upper atmosphere, meteoroids, sea biolumin

Yumin Liu, Kate Duffy, Jennifer G. Dy, Auroop R. Ganguly

The El Ni\~no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a semi-periodic fluctuation in sea surface temperature (SST) over the tropical central and eastern Pacific Ocean that influences interannual variability in regional hydrology across the world through long-range dependence or teleconnections. Recent research has demonstrated the value of Deep Learning (DL) methods

Kevin Costello, Natalie M. Paquette

We propose a new program for computing a certain integrand of scattering amplitudes of four-dimensional gauge theories which we call the \textit{form factor integrand}, starting from 6d holomorphic theories on twistor space. We show that the form factor integrands can be expressed as sums of products of 1.) correlators of a 2d chiral algebra, related to the

Mahasweta Pandit, Chirag Srivastava, Ujjwal Sen

We investigate the witnessing of two-qubit entangled states by sequential and independent pairs of observers, with both observers of each pair acting independently on their part of the shared state from spatially separated laboratories, and subsequently passing their qubits to the next pair in the sequence. It has previously been conjectured that not more th

Bo Li, Yongqiang Yao, Jingru Tan, Gang Zhang

Despite the recent success of long-tailed object detection, almost all long-tailed object detectors are developed based on the two-stage paradigm. In practice, one-stage detectors are more prevalent in the industry because they have a simple and fast pipeline that is easy to deploy. However, in the long-tailed scenario, this line of work has not been explore

Javed Iqbal, Rehan Hafiz, Mohsen Ali

This paper presents FogAdapt, a novel approach for domain adaptation of semantic segmentation for dense foggy scenes. Although significant research has been directed to reduce the domain shift in semantic segmentation, adaptation to scenes with adverse weather conditions remains an open question. Large variations in the visibility of the scene due to weather

Bartosz Rzepkowski, Michał Kupczyński, Paweł Potasz, Arkadiusz Wójs

The monolayer of $\textrm{CrI}_3$ has been reported to exhibit the ferromagnetic order, with a Curie temperature of $45 K$ and off-plane easy axis, which has attracted much attention in the community of condensed matter physics. Using the Density Matrix Renormalization Group method, we investigate the role of correlation effects and using classical Monte Car

Peter M. Miklavčič, Hesam Askari, Paul Sánchez, Alice C. Quillen

Oblique, low-velocity impacts onto extraterrestrial terrain are an inevitable occurrence during space exploration. We conduct two-dimensional discrete simulations to model such impacts into a bed of triangular grains. Finite element method provides the basis for simulation, enabling the angular grain geometry. Our findings re-create the three classes of impa

Jayce R. Getz

We prove a Poisson summation formula for the zero locus of a quadratic form in an even number of variables with no assumption on the support of the functions involved. The key novelty in the formula is that all ``boundary terms'' are given either by constants or sums over smaller quadrics related to the original quadric. We also discuss the link with the cla

Neelkamal Bhuyan, Sharayu Moharir

Federated learning is a form of distributed learning with the key challenge being the non-identically distributed nature of the data in the participating clients. In this paper, we extend federated learning to the setting where multiple unrelated models are trained simultaneously. Specifically, every client is able to train any one of M models at a time and

Arindam Mitra

Recently, a very beautiful measure of the unsharpness (fuzziness) of the observables is discussed in the paper [Phys. Rev. A 104, 052227 (2021)]. The measure which is defined in this paper is constructed via uncertainty and does not depend on the values of the outcomes. There exist several properties of a set of observables (e.g., incompatibility, non-distur

Ievgen Dubovyk, Ayres Freitas, Janusz Gluza, Krzysztof Grzanka

Modern particle physics is increasingly becoming a precision science that relies on advanced theoretical predictions for the analysis and interpretation of experimental results. The planned physics program at the LHC and future colliders will require three-loop electroweak and mixed electroweak-QCD corrections to single-particle production and decay processe

Rudrajit Banerjee, Max Niedermaier

A spatial variant of the Functional Renormalization Group (FRG) is introduced on (Lorentzian signature) globally hyperbolic spacetimes. Through its perturbative expansion it is argued that such a FRG must inevitably be state dependent and that it should be based on a Hadamard state. A concrete implementation is presented for scalar quantum fields on flat Fri

Mehreen Sirshar, Taimur Hassan, Muhammad Usman Akram, Shoab Ahmed Khan

Pulmonary diseases can cause severe respiratory problems, leading to sudden death if not treated timely. Many researchers have utilized deep learning systems to diagnose pulmonary disorders using chest X-rays (CXRs). However, such systems require exhaustive training efforts on large-scale data to effectively diagnose chest abnormalities. Furthermore, procuri

Eu Wern Teh, Graham W. Taylor

A critical challenge of training deep learning models in the Digital Pathology (DP) domain is the high annotation cost by medical experts. One way to tackle this issue is via transfer learning from the natural image domain (NI), where the annotation cost is considerably cheaper. Cross-domain transfer learning from NI to DP is shown to be successful via class

Tijana Radenkovic, Marko Vojinovic

We study a generalization of a 4-dimensional BF-theory in the context of higher gauge theory. We construct a triangulation independent topological state sum Z, based on the classical 3BF action for a general 3-group and a 4-dimensional spacetime manifold. This state sum coincides with Porter's TQFT for d=4 and n=3. In order to verify that the constructed sta

Dmitry Ivanov, Mikhail Kiselev, Denis Larionov

This article proposes a sparse computation-based method for optimizing neural networks for reinforcement learning (RL) tasks. This method combines two ideas: neural network pruning and taking into account input data correlations; it makes it possible to update neuron states only when changes in them exceed a certain threshold. It significantly reduces the nu

David S. Schlegel, Fabrizio Minganti, Vincenzo Savona

Bosonic quantum codes redundantly encode quantum information in the states of a quantum harmonic oscillator, making it possible to detect and correct errors. Schr\"odinger cat codes -- based on the superposition of two coherent states with opposite displacements -- can correct phase-flip errors induced by dephasing, but they are vulnerable to bit-flip errors

Christian Pfeiffer, Simon Wengeler, Antonio Loquercio, Davide Scaramuzza

Humans race drones faster than neural networks trained for end-to-end autonomous flight. This may be related to the ability of human pilots to select task-relevant visual information effectively. This work investigates whether neural networks capable of imitating human eye gaze behavior and attention can improve neural network performance for the challenging

Gilberto Jonas Damião, Clóves Gonçalves Rodrigues

In this paper, the expression of the relativistic Maxwell-J\"uttner velocity distribution was deduced in a detailed and didactic way. This distribution was compared with the well-known Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, which does not take into account relativistic effects. Applications and comparisons between the two distributions were carried out in three sit

Y. Shen, J. Sears, G. Fabbris, A. Weichselbaum

Spinons are well-known as the elementary excitations of one-dimensional antiferromagnetic chains, but means to realize spinons in higher dimensions is the subject of intense research. Here, we use resonant x-ray scattering to study the layered trimer iridate Ba4Ir3O10, which shows no magnetic order down to 0.2 K. An emergent one-dimensional spinon continuum

Shashank Singh, Mumtaz Oswal, K. P. Singh, D. K. Swami

Two-electron one-photon transitions have been successfully observed for the Ne projectile and Al target at low energy regime. Experimental energy values of two-electron one-photon transitions are compared with previously reported theoretical and experimental values. Ionization cross-section of two-electron one-photon transition is reported.

William Boyles

Consider a game played on a simple graph $G = (V, E)$ where each vertex consists of a clickable light. Clicking any vertex $v$ toggles the on/off state of $v$ and its neighbors. Starting from an initial configuration of lights, one wins the game by finding a solution: a sequence of clicks that turns off all the lights. When $G$ is a $5 \times 5$ grid, this g

E. Epelbaum, J. Gegelia, N. Lange, U. -G. Meißner

We show that the matrix element of a local operator between hadronic states gives rise to an unambiguous definition of the associated spatial density. As an explicit example, we consider the charge density of a spinless particle in the rest and moving frames and clarify its relationship to the electric form factor. Our results suggest that the interpretation

Shuzhe Shi, Lingxiao Wang, Kai Zhou

Reconstructing hadron spectral functions through Euclidean correlation functions are of the important missions in lattice QCD calculations. However, in a K\"allen--Lehmann(KL) spectral representation, the reconstruction is observed to be ill-posed in practice. It is usually ascribed to the fewer observation points compared to the number of points in the spec

Karthik Viswanathan, Abbas Yazdinejad

There is a growing need for authentication methodology in virtual reality applications. Current systems assume that the immersive experience technology is a collection of peripheral devices connected to a personal computer or mobile device. Hence there is a complete reliance on the computing device with traditional authentication mechanisms to handle the aut

Mit H. Naik, Emma C. Regan, Zuocheng Zhang, Yang-hao Chan

Moir\'e patterns of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) heterobilayers have proven to be an ideal platform to host unusual correlated electronic phases, emerging magnetism, and correlated exciton physics. While the existence of novel moir\'e excitonic states is established through optical measurements, the microscopic nature of these states is still poorly

Muqing Yu, Changjiang Liu, Dengyu Yang, Xi Yan

Recent reports of superconductivity at KTaO3 (KTO) (110) and (111) interfaces have sparked intense interest due to the relatively high critical temperature as well as other properties that distinguish this system from the more extensively studied SrTiO3 (STO)-based heterostructures. Here we report nanoscale control of the metal-to-insulator transition at the

Taimur Hassan, Samet Akcay, Mohammed Bennamoun, Salman Khan

Screening cluttered and occluded contraband items from baggage X-ray scans is a cumbersome task even for the expert security staff. This paper presents a novel strategy that extends a conventional encoder-decoder architecture to perform instance-aware segmentation and extract merged instances of contraband items without using any additional sub-network or an

Víctor Mayoral-Vilches

Robots are often shipped insecure and in some cases fully unprotected. The rationale behind is fourfold: first, defensive security mechanisms for robots are still on their early stages, not covering the complete threat landscape. Second, the inherent complexity of robotic systems makes their protection costly, both technically and economically. Third, robot

George Domat, Hannah Hoganson, Sanghoon Kwak

We discuss the large-scale geometry of pure mapping class groups of locally finite, infinite graphs, motivated by recent work of Algom-Kfir--Bestvina and the work of Mann--Rafi on the large-scale geometry of mapping class groups of infinite-type surfaces. Using the framework of Rosendal for coarse geometry of non-locally compact groups, we classify when the

Ella Dagan, Ana Cárdenas Gasca, Ava Robinson, Anwar Noriega

We present Project IRL (In Real Life), a suite of five mobile apps we created to explore novel ways of supporting in-person social interactions with augmented reality. In recent years, the tone of public discourse surrounding digital technology has become increasingly critical, and technology's influence on the way people relate to each other has been blamed

Soumya Dutta, Terece Turton, David Rogers, Jordan Musser

The study of multiphase flow is essential for understanding the complex interactions of various materials. In particular, when designing chemical reactors such as fluidized bed reactors (FBR), a detailed understanding of the hydrodynamics is critical for optimizing reactor performance and stability. An FBR allows experts to conduct different types of chemica

Timothée Bénard, Péter P. Varjú

Let $l\in \mathbb{N}_{\geq 1}$ and $\alpha : \mathbb{Z}^l\rightarrow \text{Aut}(\mathscr{N})$ be an action of $\mathbb{Z}^l$ by automorphisms on a compact nilmanifold $\mathscr{N}$. We assume the action of every $\alpha(z)$ is ergodic for $z\in \mathbb{Z}^l\smallsetminus\{0\}$ and show that $\alpha$ satisfies exponential $n$-mixing for any integer $n\geq 2$.

Aidan J. Hughes, Lawrence A. Bull, Paul Gardner, Nikolaos Dervilis

Classification models are a fundamental component of physical-asset management technologies such as structural health monitoring (SHM) systems and digital twins. Previous work introduced risk-based active learning, an online approach for the development of statistical classifiers that takes into account the decision-support context in which they are applied.

O. Kochukhov, N. Papakonstantinou, C. Neiner

The primary component of the multiple star phi Dra is one of the brightest magnetic chemically peculiar stars in the northern sky. Here we report results of a comprehensive study of the rotational photometric variability, binarity, magnetic field geometry, and surface chemical spot structure for this star. We derived a precise photometric rotational period o

Emanuele Bernardi, Lorenzo Pareschi, Giuseppe Toscani, Mattia Zanella

The spreading of Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the close link between economics and health in the context of emergency management. A widespread vaccination campaign is considered the main tool to contain the economic consequences. This paper will focus, at the level of wealth distribution modelling, on the economic improvements induced by the vaccination

Marie-Sophie Hartig, Sönke Schuster, Gudrun Wanner

Tilt-to-length coupling is a technical term for the cross-coupling of angular or lateral jitter into an interferometric phase signal. It is an important noise source in precision interferometers and originates either from changes in the optical path lengths or from wavefront and clipping effects. Within this paper, we focus on geometric TTL coupling and cate