January 2022 arXiv papers — page 48

Jeffrey Zhao, Raghav Gupta, Yuan Cao, Dian Yu

Task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems are required to identify key information from conversations for the completion of given tasks. Such information is conventionally specified in terms of intents and slots contained in task-specific ontology or schemata. Since these schemata are designed by system developers, the naming convention for slots and intents is n

Moise Blanchard, Romain Cosson, Steve Hanneke

We resolve an open problem of Hanneke on the subject of universally consistent online learning with non-i.i.d. processes and unbounded losses. The notion of an optimistically universal learning rule was defined by Hanneke in an effort to study learning theory under minimal assumptions. A given learning rule is said to be optimistically universal if it achiev

Timothy S. Woodworth, Carla Hermann-Avigliano, Kam Wai Clifford Chan, Alberto M. Marino

The field of quantum metrology seeks to apply quantum techniques and/or resources to classical sensing approaches with the goal of enhancing the precision in the estimation of a parameter beyond what can be achieved with classical resources. Theoretically, the fundamental minimum uncertainty in the estimation of a parameter for a given probing state is bound

Ovidiu Daescu, Ka Yaw Teo

Consider a set $P$ of $n$ points in $\mathbb{R}^d$. In the discrete median line segment problem, the objective is to find a line segment bounded by a pair of points in $P$ such that the sum of the Euclidean distances from $P$ to the line segment is minimized. In the continuous median line segment problem, a real number $\ell>0$ is given, and the goal is to l

Shiping Cao

We introduce partial loop-erasing operators. We show that by applying a refinement sequence of partial loop-erasing operators to a finite Markov chain, we get a process equivalent to the chronological loop-erased Markov chain. As an application, we construct loop-erased random paths on bounded domains of resistance spaces as the weak limit of the loop erasur

Sebastian Weishäupl

We generalize a theorem by Titchmarsh about the mean value of Hardy's $Z$-function at the Gram points to the Hecke $L$-functions, which in turn implies the weak Gram law for them. Instead of proceeding analogously to Titchmarsh with an approximate functional equation we employ a different method using contour integration.

Izzeddin Gur, Natasha Jaques, Yingjie Miao, Jongwook Choi

Many real-world problems are compositional - solving them requires completing interdependent sub-tasks, either in series or in parallel, that can be represented as a dependency graph. Deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents often struggle to learn such complex tasks due to the long time horizons and sparse rewards. To address this problem, we present Composi

Till Tantau

The satisfaction probability Pr[$\phi$] := Pr$_{\beta:vars(\phi) \to \{0,1\}}[\beta\models \phi]$ of a propositional formula $\phi$ is the likelihood that a random assignment $\beta$ makes the formula true. We study the complexity of the problem $k$SAT-Pr$_{>p}$ = {$\phi$ is a $k$CNF formula | Pr[$\phi$] > p} for fixed $k$ and $p$. While 3SAT-Pr$_{>0}$ = 3SA

Ryan K. Tan, Yang Liu, Lei Xie

Many multi-genic systemic diseases such as neurological disorders, inflammatory diseases, and the majority of cancers do not have effective treatments yet. Reinforcement learning powered systems pharmacology is a potentially effective approach to design personalized therapies for untreatable complex diseases. In this survey, state-of-the-art reinforcement le

M. Clegg, M. U. Fareed, M. Kapolka, H. S. Ruiz

A better understanding of the interaction between three phases is required when developing superconducting cables for high voltage AC systems. With a particular focus on the energy losses of real power transmission cables, in this paper we utilize the so-called H-formulation of Maxwell equations to devise a 2D model for superconducting triaxial cables. The m

William W. Symes, Huiyi Chen, Susan E. Minkoff

Study of a simple single-trace transmission example shows how an extended source formulation of full-waveform inversion can produce an optimization problem without spurious local minima ("cycle skipping"), hence efficiently solvable via Newton-like local optimization methods. The data consist of a single trace extracted from a causal pressure field, propagat

K. L. Jones, A. Bey, S. Burcher, J. M. Allmond

The structure of nuclei around the neutron-rich nucleus 132Sn is of particular interest due to the vicinity of the Z = 50 and N = 82 shell closures and the r-process nucleosynthetic path. Four states in 131Sn with a strong single-particle-like component have previously been studied via the (d,p) reaction, with limited excitation energy resolution. The 130Sn(

Young-Ho Kim, Jarrod Collins, Zhongyu Li, Ponraj Chinnadurai

Purpose: Intra-Cardiac Echocardiography (ICE) is a powerful imaging modality for guiding cardiac electrophysiology and structural heart interventions. ICE provides real-time observation of anatomy and devices, while enabling direct monitoring of potential complications. In single operator settings, the physician needs to switch back-and-forth between the ICE

D. Makarov, S. Savchenko, A. Mosenkov, D. Bizyaev

We present a catalogue of 16551 edge-on galaxies created using the public DR2 data of the Pan-STARRS survey. The catalogue covers the three quarters of the sky above Dec.=-30 degrees. The galaxies were selected using a convolutional neural network, trained on a sample of edge-on galaxies identified earlier in the SDSS survey. This approach allows us to drama

Pichao Wang, Fan Wang, Hao Li

The gap in representations between image and video makes Image-to-Video Re-identification (I2V Re-ID) challenging, and recent works formulate this problem as a knowledge distillation (KD) process. In this paper, we propose a mutual discriminative knowledge distillation framework to transfer a video-based richer representation to an image based representation

Xiaoli Hu, Naihuan Jing

We derive strong variance-based uncertainty relations for arbitrary two and more unitary operators by re-examining the mathematical foundation of the uncertainty relation. This is achieved by strengthening the celebrated Cauchy-Schwarz inequality using a method of brackets and convex functions. The unitary uncertainty relations outperform several strong unit

G. Griffith Elder, Kevin Keating

Let $K$ be a local field of characteristic $p$ and let $L/K$ be a totally ramified Galois extension such that Gal$(L/K)\cong C_{p^n}$. In this paper we find sufficient conditions for $L/K$ to admit a Galois scaffold. This leads to sufficient conditions for the ring of integers $O_L$ to be free of rank 1 over its associated order $A_0$, and to stricter condit

Gloire Grace Bockondas, Samuel Boissiere

The present paper deals with lines contained in a smooth complex cubic threefold. It is well-known that the set of lines of the second type on a cubic threefold is a curve on its Fano surface. Here we give a description of the singularities of this curve.

Sravya Kondrakunta, Venkatsampath Raja Gogineni, Michael T. Cox, Demetris Coleman

Intelligent physical systems as embodied cognitive systems must perform high-level reasoning while concurrently managing an underlying control architecture. The link between cognition and control must manage the problem of converting continuous values from the real world to symbolic representations (and back). To generate effective behaviors, reasoning must

Zev Battad, Mei Si

Sensemaking and narrative are two inherently interconnected concepts about how people understand the world around them. Sensemaking is the process by which people structure and interconnect the information they encounter in the world with the knowledge and inferences they have made in the past. Narratives are important constructs that people use sensemaking

Tomi K. Baikie, Alphonse C. Sterling, Ronald L. Moore, Amanda M. Alexander

We examine a sampling of 23 polar-coronal-hole jets. We first identified the jets in soft X-ray (SXR) images from the X-ray telescope (XRT) on the Hinode spacecraft, over 2014-2016. During this period, frequently the polar holes were small or largely obscured by foreground coronal haze, often making jets difficult to see. We selected 23 jets among those adeq

Wajiha Javed, Iqra Hussain, Ali Övgün

In this paper, we study light rays in a Kazakov-Solodukhin black hole. To this end, we use the optical geometry of the Kazakov-Solodukhin black hole within the Gauss-bonnet theorem. We first show the effect of the deformation parameter $a$ on the Gaussian optical curvature, and then we use the modern method popularized by Gibbons and Werner to calculate the

Raj N. Patel, David A. Hopper, Jordan A. Gusdorff, Mark E. Turiansky

Hexagonal boron nitride is a van der Waals material that hosts visible-wavelength quantum emitters at room temperature. However, experimental identification of the quantum emitters' electronic structure is lacking, and key details of their charge and spin properties remain unknown. Here, we probe the optical dynamics of quantum emitters in hexagonal boron ni

Tanmoy Chattopadhyay, Sven Herrmann, Peter Orel, R. Glenn Morris

The broad energy response, low electronic read noise, and good energy resolution have made X-ray Charge-Coupled Devices (CCDs) an obvious choice for developing soft X-ray astronomical instruments over the last half century. They also come in large array formats with small pixel sizes which make them a potential candidate for the next generation astronomical

Patrick S Flannery, Giri Venkataramanan

With steadily increasing wind turbine penetration, regulatory standards for grid interconnection are evolving to require that wind generation systems ride-through disturbances such as faults and support the grid during such events. Conventional modifications to the doubly fed induction generation (DFIG) architecture for providing ride-through result in limit

Dheeraj Peddireddy, Vipul Bansal, Vaneet Aggarwal

In recent times, Variational Quantum Circuits (VQC) have been widely adopted to different tasks in machine learning such as Combinatorial Optimization and Supervised Learning. With the growing interest, it is pertinent to study the boundaries of the classical simulation of VQCs to effectively benchmark the algorithms. Classically simulating VQCs can also pro

Vivek Parekh, Dominik Flore, Sebastian Schöps

Conventional magneto-static finite element analysis of electrical machine design is time-consuming and computationally expensive. Since each machine topology has a distinct set of parameters, design optimization is commonly performed independently. This paper presents a novel method for predicting Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of differently parameterize

Carl A. Lindstrøm, Maxence Thévenet

Emittance is a beam quality that is vital for many future applications of advanced accelerators, such as compact free-electron lasers and linear colliders. In this paper, we review the challenges of preserving the transverse emittance during acceleration, both inside and outside accelerator stages. Sources of emittance growth range from space charge and inst

George Bouzianis, Lane P. Hughston, Leandro Sánchez-Betancourt

We consider a pair of traders in a market where the information available to the second trader is a strict subset of the information available to the first trader. The traders make prices based on the information available concerning a security that pays a random cash flow at a fixed time $T$ in the future. Market information is modelled in line with the sch

Luochen Zhao

Given primes $\ell\ne p$, we record here a $p$-adic valued Fourier theory on a local field over $\mathbf{Q}_\ell$, which is developed under the perspective of group schemes. As an application, by substituting rigid analysis for complex analysis, it leads naturally to the $p$-adic local functional equation at $\ell$, which strongly resembles the complex one i

Kieran Child

We present a deterministic algorithm for computing spaces of weight 1 modular forms with exotic representations. This algorithm is an improved version of Schaeffer's Hecke stability method, utilising the author's previous work on the twist-minimal trace formula for weight 2 holomorphic forms, and presenting a method of lifting forms from characteristic p. Th

Kh. P. Gnatenko, V. M. Tkachuk

Spin-1 tunneling and splitting of energy levels as a result of tunneling are observed explicitly on IBM's quantum computer, ibmq-bogota. The spin-1 is realized with two spins-1/2. We detect oscillations of spin-1 between the states $|1\rangle$, $|-1\rangle$ in the result of tunneling on the basis of studies of the time dependence of the mean value of z-compo

A. Ferretti

The ALICE experiment profited of the Long Shutdown during 2019-2021 in order to expand its physics capabilities and fully profit from the increased LHC luminosity in Run 3. The Inner Tracking System has been replaced with a new silicon tracker based on MAPS technology, and a new tracking device has been added in front of the Muon Spectrometer to improve its

Luochen Zhao

When $p$ is an odd prime, Delbourgo observed that any Kubota-Leopoldt $p$-adic $L$-function, when multiplied by an auxiliary Euler factor, can be written as an infinite sum. We shall establish such expressions without restriction on $p$, and without the Euler factor when the character is nontrivial, by computing the periods of appropriate measures. As an app

Nathan Pflueger

The moduli space $\mathcal{G}^r_{g,d} \to \mathcal{M}_g$ parameterizing algebraic curves with a linear series of degree $d$ and rank $r$ has expected relative dimension $\rho = g - (r+1)(g-d+r)$. Classical Brill-Noether theory concerns the case $\rho \geq 0$; we consider the non-surjective case $\rho < 0$. We prove the existence of components of this moduli

S. K. Betti, K. Follette, S. Jorquera, G. Duchêne

We present near-infrared Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer LMIRCam imagery of the disk around the Herbig Ae/Be star AB Aurigae. A comparison of surface brightness at Ks (2.16 ${\mu}$m), H2O narrowband (3.08 ${\mu}$m), and L' (3.7 ${\mu}$m) allows us to probe the presence of icy grains in this (pre)transitional disk environment. By applying Reference D

Sebastián Jorquera, Mickaël Bonnefoy, Sarah Betti, Gaël Chauvin

Multi-wavelengths high-resolution imaging of protoplanetary disks has revealed the presence of multiple, varied substructures in their dust and gas components which might be signposts of young, forming planetary systems. AB Aurigae bears an emblematic (pre)transitional disk showing spiral structures observed in the inner cavity of the disk in both the sub-mi

Alexandre M. Florio, Dominique Feillet, Marcus Poggi, Thibaut Vidal

We consider the vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands (VRPSD), a problem in which customer demands are known in distribution at the route planning stage and revealed during route execution upon arrival at each customer. A long-standing open question on the VRPSD concerns the benefits of allowing, during route execution, partial reordering of the pl

Francisco Lopez-Tiro, Vincent Estrade, Jacques Hubert, Daniel Flores-Araiza

Determining the type of kidney stones allows urologists to prescribe a treatment to avoid recurrence of renal lithiasis. An automated in-vivo image-based classification method would be an important step towards an immediate identification of the kidney stone type required as a first phase of the diagnosis. In the literature it was shown on ex-vivo data (i.e.

Bjoern Schenke, Soeren Schlichting, Pragya Singh

Event geometry and initial state correlations have been invoked as possible explanations of long range azimuthal correlations observed in high multiplicity p+p and p+Pb collisions. We study the rapidity dependence of initial state momentum correlations and event-by-event geometry in $\sqrt{s}=5.02~\rm{TeV}$ p+Pb collisions within the 3+1D IP-Glasma model~\ci

Silvia Belladitta, Alessandro Caccianiga, Alessandro Diana, Alberto Moretti

We report on a LUCI/Large Binocular Telescope near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of PSO J030947.49+271757.31 (hereafter PSO J0309+27), the highest redshift blazar known to date (z$\sim$6.1). From the C$\rm IV$$\lambda$1549 broad emission line we found that PSO J0309+27 is powered by a 1.45$^{+1.89}_{-0.85}$$\times$10$^9$M$_{\odot}$ supermassive black hole (SMBH) w

Michele Caselle, Elia Cellini, Alessandro Nada, Marco Panero

Normalizing flows are a class of deep generative models that provide a promising route to sample lattice field theories more efficiently than conventional Monte Carlo simulations. In this work we show that the theoretical framework of stochastic normalizing flows, in which neural-network layers are combined with Monte Carlo updates, is the same that underlie

Hamza Jnane, Brennan Undseth, Zhenyu Cai, Simon C Benjamin

Any architecture for practical quantum computing must be scalable. An attractive approach is to create multiple cores, computing regions of fixed size that are well-spaced but interlinked with communication channels. This exploded architecture can relax the demands associated with a single monolithic device: the complexity of control, cooling and power infra

Xikun Zhang, Antoine Bosselut, Michihiro Yasunaga, Hongyu Ren

Answering complex questions about textual narratives requires reasoning over both stated context and the world knowledge that underlies it. However, pretrained language models (LM), the foundation of most modern QA systems, do not robustly represent latent relationships between concepts, which is necessary for reasoning. While knowledge graphs (KG) are often

Boris Post, Jeremy van der Heijden, Erik Verlinde

We present a field theory description for the non-perturbative splitting and joining of baby universes in Euclidean Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity. We show how the gravitational path integral, defined as a sum over topologies, can be reproduced from the perturbative expansion of a Kodaira-Spencer (KS) field theory for the complex structure deformations of th

Lilan Yang, Nicha Leethochawalit, Tommaso Treu, Guido Roberts-Borsani

We measure the size-luminosity relation of photometrically-selected galaxies within the redshift range $z\sim6-9$, using galaxies lensed by six foreground Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) clusters. The power afforded by strong gravitational lensing allows us to observe fainter and smaller galaxies than in blank fields. We select our sample of galaxies and obtain

Thomas W. Baumgarte, Henrique P. de Oliveira

We consider several families of functions $f(\alpha)$ that appear in the Bona-Masso slicing condition for the lapse function $\alpha$. Focusing on spherically symmetric and time-independent slices we apply these conditions to the Schwarzschild spacetime in order to construct analytical expressions for the lapse $\alpha$ in terms of the areal radius $R$. We t

Shankar Balasubramanian, Daniel Bulmash, Victor Galitski, Ashvin Vishwanath

We construct a broad class of frustration-free quantum vertex models in 3+1D whose ground states are weighted superpositions of classical 3D vertex model configurations. Our results are illustrated for diamond, cubic, and BCC lattices, but hold for general 3D lattices with even coordination number. The corresponding classical vertex models have a $\mathbb{Z}

R. A. Jackson, S. Kaviraj, G. Martin, J. E. G. Devriendt

In our hierarchical structure-formation paradigm, the observed morphological evolution of massive galaxies -- from rotationally-supported discs to dispersion-dominated spheroids -- is largely explained via galaxy merging. However, since mergers are likely to destroy discs, and the most massive galaxies have the richest merger histories, it is surprising that

Rodrigo Vicente, Vitor Cardoso

In this work we derive simple closed-form expressions for the dynamical friction acting on black holes moving through ultralight (scalar field) dark matter, covering both non-relativistic and relativistic black hole speeds. Our derivation is based on long known scattering amplitudes in black hole spacetimes, it includes the effect of black hole spin and can

Jubee Sohn, Margaret J. Geller, Mark Vogelsberger, Ivana Damjanov

We use the IllustrisTNG simulations to explore the dynamic scaling relation between massive clusters and their central galaxies (BCGs). The Illustris TNG300-1 simulation we use includes 280 massive clusters with $M_{200} > 10^{14}$ M$_{\odot}$ enabling a robust statistical analysis. We derive the line-of-sight velocity dispersion of the stellar particles of

A. G. Burchards, J. Feldmeier, A. Schuckert, M. Knap

We investigate the coupled dynamics of charge and energy in interacting lattice models with dipole conservation. We formulate a generic hydrodynamic theory for this combination of fractonic constraints and numerically verify its applicability to the late-time dynamics of a specific bosonic quantum system by developing a microscopic non-equilibrium quantum fi

Ivano Basile

We investigate the infinite-distance properties of families of unstable flux vacua in string theory with broken supersymmetry. To this end, we employ a generalized notion of distance in the moduli space and we build a holographic description for the non-perturbative regime of the tunneling cascade in terms of a renormalization group flow. In one limit we rec

Jessica Craven, Mark Hughes, Vishnu Jejjala, Arjun Kar

We review recent efforts to machine learn relations between knot invariants. Because these knot invariants have meaning in physics, we explore aspects of Chern-Simons theory and higher dimensional gauge theories. The goal of this work is to translate numerical experiments with Big Data to new analytic results.

Qiangeng Xu, Zexiang Xu, Julien Philip, Sai Bi

Volumetric neural rendering methods like NeRF generate high-quality view synthesis results but are optimized per-scene leading to prohibitive reconstruction time. On the other hand, deep multi-view stereo methods can quickly reconstruct scene geometry via direct network inference. Point-NeRF combines the advantages of these two approaches by using neural 3D

Joseph Wraga, David M. Goldberg

We calculate the Bayesian evidences for a class of Ekpyrotic universe models, and compare with a model of single field inflation with a Higgs-type potential. Combining parsimony and observational constraints, this gives us a systematic way to evaluate the degree to which Ekpyrotic models are constrained by CMB data from Planck. We integrate the equations of

Thomas Flöss, Tim de Wild, P. Daniel Meerburg, Léon V. E. Koopmans

We investigate tomography of 21-cm brightness temperature fluctuations during the Dark Ages as a probe for constraining primordial non-Gaussianity. We expand the 21- cm brightness temperature up to cubic order in perturbation theory and improve previous models of the signal by including the effect of the free electron fraction. Using modified standard pertur

G. A. Peña, G. N. Candlish

The late-time effect of primordial non-Gaussianity offers a window into the physics of inflation and the very early Universe. In this work we study the consequences of a particular class of primordial non-Gaussianity that is fully characterized by initial density fluctuations drawn from a non-Gaussian probability density function, rather than by construction

Johannes R. Eskilt, Yashar Akrami, Adam R. Solomon, Valeri Vardanyan

We numerically and analytically explore the background cosmological dynamics of multifield dark energy with highly nongeodesic or "spinning" field-space trajectories. These extensions of standard single-field quintessence possess appealing theoretical features and observable differences from the cosmological standard model. At the level of the cosmological b

Masahiro Ogihara, Eiichiro Kokubo, Ryuunosuke Nakano, Takeru K. Suzuki

The TRAPPIST-1 system is an iconic planetary system in various aspects (e.g., habitability, resonant relation, and multiplicity) and hence has attracted considerable attention. The mass distribution of the TRAPPIST-1 planets is characterized by two features: the two inner planets are large, and the masses of the four planets in the outer orbit increase with

Batuhan Arasli, Sennur Ulukus

We study a dynamic infection spread model, inspired by the discrete time SIR model, where infections are spread via non-isolated infected individuals. While infection keeps spreading over time, a limited capacity testing is performed at each time instance as well. In contrast to the classical, static, group testing problem, the objective in our setup is not

V. Tselyaev, N. Lyutorovich, J. Speth, G. Martinez-Pinedo

We present moments and transition probabilities in the neighboring odd-mass nuclei of $^{208}$Pb calculated fully self-consistently from the s.p. properties of $^{208}$Pb with polarization corrections from its excitations, both given from previous Skyrme-Hartree-Fock and RPA calculations. The electric results agree nicely with the data with two very interest

Siavash Ahrar, Manasi Raje, Irene C. Lee, Elliot E. Hui

Alternative computing approaches that interface readily with physical systems are well suited for embedded control of those systems. We demonstrate finite state machines implemented as pneumatic circuits of microfluidic valves, and we employ these controllers to direct microfluidic liquid handling procedures such as serial dilution on the same chip. These mo

Christian A. Scholbeck, Giuseppe Casalicchio, Christoph Molnar, Bernd Bischl

Beta coefficients for linear regression models represent the ideal form of an interpretable feature effect. However, for non-linear models and especially generalized linear models, the estimated coefficients cannot be interpreted as a direct feature effect on the predicted outcome. Hence, marginal effects are typically used as approximations for feature effe

Cyril Koch, Taha Arbaoui, Yassine Ouazene, Farouk Yalaoui

This paper introduces an integrated lot sizing and scheduling problem inspired from a real-world application in off-the-road tire industry. This problem considers the assignment of different items on parallel machines with complex eligibility constraints within a finite planning horizon. It also considers a large panel of specific constraints such as: backor

Rodrigo Navarro Perez, Nicolas Schunck

Predictions of nuclear properties far from measured data are inherently imprecise because of uncertainties in our knowledge of nuclear forces and in our treatment of quantum many-body effects in strongly-interacting systems. While the model bias can be directly calculated when experimental data is available, only an estimate can be made in the absence of suc

Han-Bom Moon, Helen Wong

We investigate two algebra of curves on a topological surface with punctures - the cluster algebra of surfaces defined by Fomin, Shapiro, and Thurston, and the generalized skein algebra constructed by Roger and Yang. By establishing their compatibility, we resolve Roger-Yang's conjecture on the deformation quantization of the decorated Teichmuller space. We

Wesley A. Suttle, Alec Koppel, Ji Liu

In this work, we propose an information-directed objective for infinite-horizon reinforcement learning (RL), called the occupancy information ratio (OIR), inspired by the information ratio objectives used in previous information-directed sampling schemes for multi-armed bandits and Markov decision processes as well as recent advances in general utility RL. T

Christian Rathgeb, Daniel Fischer, Pawel Drozdowski, Christoph Busch

Doppelg\"angers (or lookalikes) usually yield an increased probability of false matches in a facial recognition system, as opposed to random face image pairs selected for non-mated comparison trials. In this work, we assess the impact of doppelg\"angers on the HDA Doppelg\"anger and Disguised Faces in The Wild databases using a state-of-the-art face recognit

Alberto Delmas Lascorz, Mostafa Mahmoud, Andreas Moshovos

Data accesses between on- and off-chip memories account for a large fraction of overall energy consumption during inference with deep learning networks. We present APack, a simple and effective, lossless, off-chip memory compression technique for fixed-point quantized models. APack reduces data widths by exploiting the non-uniform value distribution in deep

Chang Niu, Gang Qiu, Yixiu Wang, Pukun Tan

Tellurium (Te) is an elemental semiconductor with a simple chiral crystal structure. Te in a two-dimensional (2D) form synthesized by solution-based method shows excellent electrical, optical, and thermal properties. In this work, the chirality of hydrothermally grown 2D Te is identified and analyzed by hot sulfuric acid etching and high-angle tilted high-re

Ravi Teja Addanki Tirumala, Sundaram Bhardwaj Ramakrishnan, Farshid Mohammadparast, Marimuthu Andiappan

Dye degradation has been for more than forty years in the scientific community. All these studies have primarily focused on breaking various dyes using catalysts driven by either light or heat. Most studies started to focus on metal-oxides after the discovery of water-splitting by TiO2. Among the many catalysts used plasmonic metal nanostructures have been e

Adam Pluta, Wided Medjroubi, Jan Diettrich, Jan Dasenbrock

The current transition in the European energy sector towards climate neutrality requires detailed and reliable energy system modeling. The quality and relevance of the energy system modeling highly depend on the availability and quality of model input datasets. However, detailed and reliable datasets, especially for energy infrastructure, are still missing.

Felipe González-Pizarro, Savvas Zannettou

The spread of hate speech and hateful imagery on the Web is a significant problem that needs to be mitigated to improve our Web experience. This work contributes to research efforts to detect and understand hateful content on the Web by undertaking a multimodal analysis of Antisemitism and Islamophobia on 4chan's /pol/ using OpenAI's CLIP. This large pre-tra

Stephen J. DeCanio, Charles F. Manski, Alan H. Sanstad

Integrated assessment models have become the primary tools for comparing climate policies that seek to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Policy comparisons have often been performed by considering a planner who seeks to make optimal trade-offs between the costs of carbon abatement and the economic damages from climate change. The planning problem has been for

Nicholas LaRacuente, Kaitlin N. Smith, Poolad Imany, Kevin L. Silverman

A core challenge for superconducting quantum computers is to scale up the number of qubits in each processor without increasing noise or cross-talk. Distributed quantum computing across small qubit arrays, known as chiplets, can address these challenges in a scalable manner. We propose a chiplet architecture over microwave links with potential to exceed mono

Robert Brandenberger, Vincent Comeau, Leonardo Fossati, Lavinia Heisenberg

We investigate the physical measurability of the infrared instability of a de Sitter phase in the formalism recently proposed by Kitamoto et al.. We find that the logarithmic decay of the effective cosmological constant is only measurable if an additional clock field is introduced.

Gergely Ambrus

We prove a common extension of Bang's and Kadets' lemmas for contact pairs, in the spirit of the Colourful Carath\'eodory Theorem. We also formulate a generalized version of the affine plank problem and prove it under special assumptions. In particular, we obtain a generalization of Kadets' theorem. Finally, we give applications to problems regarding transla

Jacopo Lenti, Giancarlo Ruffo

We present three models used to describe the recruitment of the undecided population by pro-vax and no-vax factions. Starting from real-world data of Facebook pages, we compare three opinion dynamics models that catch different behaviours of the undecided population. The first one is a variation of the SIS model, where undecided position is considered indiff

Zhanghao Wu, Paras Jain, Matthew A. Wright, Azalia Mirhoseini

Graph neural networks are powerful architectures for structured datasets. However, current methods struggle to represent long-range dependencies. Scaling the depth or width of GNNs is insufficient to broaden receptive fields as larger GNNs encounter optimization instabilities such as vanishing gradients and representation oversmoothing, while pooling-based a

Marouan Mizmizi, Reza Aghazadeh Ayoubi, Dario Tagliaferri, Kai Dong

In future 6G millimeter wave (mmWave)/sub-THz vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, vehicles are expected to be equipped with massive antenna arrays to realize beam-based links capable of compensating for the severe path loss. However, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) direct links are prone to be blocked by surrounding vehicles. Emerging metasurface tec

Philip Bechtle, Cristin Chall, Martin King, Michael Kraemer

Experiments in particle physics have hitherto failed to produce any significant evidence for the many explicit models of physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) that had been proposed over the past decades. As a result, physicists have increasingly turned to model-independent strategies as tools in searching for a wide range of possible BSM effects. In this

Marcin Briański, James Davies, Bartosz Walczak

Extending the idea from the recent paper by Carbonero, Hompe, Moore, and Spirkl, for every function $f\colon\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{N}\cup\{\infty\}$ with $f(1)=1$ and $f(n)\geq\binom{3n+1}{3}$, we construct a hereditary class of graphs $\mathcal{G}$ such that the maximum chromatic number of a graph in $\mathcal{G}$ with clique number $n$ is equal to $f(n)$ for

Swarnadeep Seth, Arthur Rand, Walter Reisner, William B. Dunbar

We report a novel simulation strategy that enables us to identify key parameters controlling the experimentally measurable characteristics of structural protein tags on dsDNA construct translocating through a double nanopore setup. First, we validate the scheme in silico by reproducing and explaining the physical origin of the experimental dwell time distrib

Hamed Zamani, Johanne R. Trippas, Jeff Dalton, Filip Radlinski

Conversational information seeking (CIS) is concerned with a sequence of interactions between one or more users and an information system. Interactions in CIS are primarily based on natural language dialogue, while they may include other types of interactions, such as click, touch, and body gestures. This monograph provides a thorough overview of CIS definit

Andris Gerasimovics, Martin Hairer, Konstantin Matetski

We consider the directed mean curvature flow on the plane in a weak Gaussian random environment. We prove that, when started from a sufficiently flat initial condition, a rescaled and recentred solution converges to the Cole-Hopf solution of the KPZ equation. This result follows from the analysis of a more general system of nonlinear SPDEs driven by inhomoge

Peng Qi, Yuri Shvyd'ko

Cavity-based x-ray free-electron lasers (CBXFEL) will allow use of optical cavity feedback to support generation of fully coherent x-rays of high brilliance and stability by electrons in undulators. CBXFEL optical cavities comprise Bragg-reflecting flat crystal mirrors, which ensure x-rays circulation on a closed orbit, and x-ray refractive lenses, which sta

D. J. Teal, Eliza M. -R. Kempton, Sandra Bastelberger, Allison Youngblood

The upcoming deployment of JWST will dramatically advance our ability to characterize exoplanet atmospheres, both in terms of precision and sensitivity to smaller and cooler planets. Disequilibrium chemical processes dominate these cooler atmospheres, requiring accurate photochemical modeling of such environments. The host star's UV spectrum is a critical in

Yamilet Quintana, José M. Rodríguez, José M. Sigarreta Almira

Inequalities play an important role in pure and applied mathematics. In particular, Jensen's inequality, one of the most famous inequalities, plays a main role in the study of the existence and uniqueness of initial and boundary value problems for differential equations. In this work we prove some new Jensen-type inequalities for $m$-convex functions, and we

Ahmet Ilker Topuz, Madis Kiisk

In this study, by attempting to eliminate the disadvantageous complexity of the existing particle generators, we present a discrete probabilistic scheme adapted for the discrete energy spectra in the GEANT4 simulations. In our multi-binned approach, we initially compute the discrete probabilities for each energy bin, the number of which is flexible depending

Massimo Moscolari, Benjamin B. Støttrup

We consider magnetic Schr\"odinger operators describing a quantum Hall effect setup both in the plane and in the half-plane. First, we study the structure and smoothness of the operator range of various powers of the half-plane resolvent. Second, we provide a complete analysis of the diamagnetic current density at positive temperature: we prove that bulk and

Ying-Xin Wu, Xiang Wang, An Zhang, Xia Hu

Explainability of graph neural networks (GNNs) aims to answer "Why the GNN made a certain prediction?", which is crucial to interpret the model prediction. The feature attribution framework distributes a GNN's prediction to its input features (e.g., edges), identifying an influential subgraph as the explanation. When evaluating the explanation (i.e., subgrap

Xinyang Zhang, Alexander Palevski, Aharon Kapitulnik

Resistivity saturation is found on both superconducting and insulating sides of an "avoided" magnetic-field-tuned superconductor-to-insulator transition (H-SIT) in a two-dimensional In/InO$_x$ composite, where the anomalous metallic behaviors cut off conductivity or resistivity divergence in the zero-temperature limit. The granular morphology of the material

Yunping Jiang

This work is a continuation of [13]. We study the linear disjointness between higher-order oscillating sequences and nonlinear dynamical systems. Specifically, we prove that any oscillating sequence of order $m=d+k-1$ and any simple polynomial skew product of degree $k$ on the $d$-Euclidean space are linearly disjoint. Additionally, we demonstrate that any o

Meritxell Cabrejo Ponce, André Luiz Marques Muniz, Philippe Ancsin, Christopher Spiess

Entanglement is a universal resource in quantum networks, yet entangled photon sources are typically custom-made for a specific use case. Versatility, both in terms of state modulation and tunability of the temporal properties of the photons, is the key to flexible network architectures and cryptographic primitives that go beyond quantum key distribution. He

Charles A. McDermott

We first use the quantum method to replicate the well-known results of a single atom relaxing, whilst demonstrating the intuitive picture it provides for dissipative dynamics. By use of individual "quantum trajectories", the method allows for simulation of systems inaccessible to ensemble treatments. This is shown by replicating resonance fluorescence, allow

Pisheng Ding

Linear functions are arguably the most mundane among all functions. However, the basic fact that a multi-variable linear function has a constant gradient field can provide simple geometric insights into several familiar results such as the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, the GM-AM inequality, and some distance formulae, as we shall show.

Sergey Mozgovoy

Families of Bridgeland stability conditions induce families of stability data, wall-crossing structures and scattering diagrams on the motivic Hall algebra. These structures can be transferred to the quantum torus if the stability conditions of the family have global dimension at most 2. We show that geometric stability conditions on surfaces with nef antica

Théo Frottier, Bertrand Georgeot, Olivier Giraud

We propose a complex network approach to the harmonic structure underpinning western tonal music. From a database of Beethoven's string quartets, we construct a directed network whose nodes are musical chords and edges connect chords following each other. We show that the network is scale-free and has specific properties when ranking algorithms are applied.

Mathieu Ballandras

We study intersection cohomology of character varieties for punctured Riemann surfaces with prescribed monodromies around the punctures. Relying on previous result from Mellit for semisimple monodromies we compute the intersection cohomology of character varieties with monodromies of any Jordan type. This proves the Poincar\'e polynomial specialization of a