July 2022 arXiv papers — page 84

Matthias Meister, Albert Roura

Mixtures of ultracold quantum gases are at the heart of high-precision quantum tests of the weak equivalence principle, where extremely low expansion rates have to be reached with matter-wave lensing techniques. We propose to simplify this challenging atom-source preparation by employing magic laser wavelengths for the optical lensing potentials which guaran

Sergey Bravyi, Giuseppe Carleo, David Gosset, Yinchen Liu

We consider the computational task of sampling a bit string $x$ from a distribution $\pi(x)=|\langle x|\psi\rangle|^2$, where $\psi$ is the unique ground state of a local Hamiltonian $H$. Our main result describes a direct link between the inverse spectral gap of $H$ and the mixing time of an associated continuous-time Markov Chain with steady state $\pi$. T

Marc Durand

Cell sorting, whereby a heterogeneous cell mixture segregates and forms distinct homogeneous tissues, is one of the main collective cell behaviors at work during development. Although differences in interfacial energies are recognized to be a possible driving source for cell sorting, no clear consensus has emerged on the kinetic law of cell sorting driven by

Jian-Feng Zhang, Duo Xu, Xiao-Le Qiu, Ning-Ning Zhao

Recent experiment reported the self-passivated electride Hf2S with excellent stability and continuous electrocatalytic ability [S. H. Kang et al., Sci. Adv. 6, eaba7416 (2020)]. Starting from its 2H-type layered structure, we have studied the electronic, magnetic, and transport properties of the electride Hf2S in the monolayer and multilayer forms by combini

M. Basnet, MH Ali

An electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) infrastructure is the backbone of transportation electrification. However, the EVCS has myriads of exploitable vulnerabilities in software, hardware, supply chain, and incumbent legacy technologies such as network, communication, and control. These standalone or networked EVCS open up large attack surfaces for the

Grace E. Chesmore, Kathleen Harrington, Carlos E. Sierra, Patricio A. Gallardo

We present near-field radio holography measurements of the Simons Observatory Large Aperture Telescope Receiver optics. These measurements demonstrate that radio holography of complex millimeter-wave optical systems comprising cryogenic lenses, filters, and feed horns can provide detailed characterization of wave propagation before deployment. We used the me

Shibo Jie, Zhi-Hong Deng

The pretrain-then-finetune paradigm has been widely adopted in computer vision. But as the size of Vision Transformer (ViT) grows exponentially, the full finetuning becomes prohibitive in view of the heavier storage overhead. Motivated by parameter-efficient transfer learning (PETL) on language transformers, recent studies attempt to insert lightweight adapt

Jacopo Teneggi, Beepul Bharti, Yaniv Romano, Jeremias Sulam

The complex nature of artificial neural networks raises concerns on their reliability, trustworthiness, and fairness in real-world scenarios. The Shapley value -- a solution concept from game theory -- is one of the most popular explanation methods for machine learning models. More traditionally, from a statistical perspective, feature importance is defined

Wei-Ning Hsu, Bowen Shi

While audio-visual speech models can yield superior performance and robustness compared to audio-only models, their development and adoption are hindered by the lack of labeled and unlabeled audio-visual data and the cost to deploy one model per modality. In this paper, we present u-HuBERT, a self-supervised pre-training framework that can leverage both mult

Pei-Ming Ho, Hikaru Kawai

We study the time-dependence of Hawking radiation for a black hole in the Unruh vacuum, and find that it is not robust against certain UV and IR effects. If there is a UV cutoff at the Planck scale, Hawking radiation is turned off after the scrambling time. In the absence of a UV cutoff, Hawking radiation is sensitive to the IR cutoff through a UV/IR connect

Thiago H. P. Silva, Alberto H. F. Laender, Pedro O. S. Vaz de Melo

How to characterize nodes and edges in dynamic attributed networks based on social aspects? We address this problem by exploring the strength of the ties between actors and their associated attributes over time, thus capturing the social roles of the actors and the meaning of their dynamic interactions in different social network scenarios. For this, we appl

Pablo Ochoa

In this paper, we study the existence and multiplicity of weak solutions to a general type of Kirchhoff equations in magnetic fractional Orlicz-Sobolev spaces. Specifically, we appeal to Critical Point Theory to prove the existence of non-trivial solutions under the so-called Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition. We also state the existence of ground-state soluti

Vijay Gadepally, Gregory Angelides, Andrei Barbu, Andrew Bowne

Through a series of federal initiatives and orders, the U.S. Government has been making a concerted effort to ensure American leadership in AI. These broad strategy documents have influenced organizations such as the United States Department of the Air Force (DAF). The DAF-MIT AI Accelerator is an initiative between the DAF and MIT to bridge the gap between

Hemang Chawla, Arnav Varma, Elahe Arani, Bahram Zonooz

Advances in deep learning have resulted in steady progress in computer vision with improved accuracy on tasks such as object detection and semantic segmentation. Nevertheless, deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, thus presenting a challenge in reliable deployment. Two of the prominent tasks in 3D scene-understanding for robotics and ad

Jürgen Fuchs, César Galindo, David Jaklitsch, Christoph Schweigert

The Morita context provided by an exact module category over a finite tensor category gives a two-object bicategory with duals. Right and left duals of objects in the module category are given by internal Homs and coHoms, respectively. We express the double duals in terms of relative Serre functors, which leads to a Radford isomorphism for module categories.

Mohammad Hossein Naderi, Hessam Babaee

Stochastic reduced-order modeling based on time-dependent bases (TDBs) has proven successful for extracting and exploiting low-dimensional manifold from stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs). The nominal computational cost of solving a rank-$r$ reduced-order model (ROM) based on time-dependent basis, a.k.a. TDB-ROM, is roughly equal to that of so

Marco Seminara, Tecla Gabbrielli, Nicola Corrias, Simone Borri

The recent development of Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs) represents one of the biggest opportunities for the deployment of a new class of Free Space Optical (FSO) communication systems working in the mid-infrared (Mid-IR) wavelength range. As compared to more common FSO systems exploiting the telecom range, the larger wavelength employed in Mid-IR systems del

Wei-Shu Hou, Girish Kumar

In the general two Higgs doublet model (g2HDM) that has extra Yukawa couplings, we analyze their New Physics (NP) contributions to kaon mixing parameter $\varepsilon_K$, direct CP violation parameter $\varepsilon^\prime/\varepsilon$, and rare $K^+ \to \pi^+\nu\bar\nu$, $K_L \to \pi^0\nu\bar\nu$, and $K_{L, S} \to \mu^+ \mu^-$ decays. We study correlations be

Tao Han, Jiajun Liao, Hongkai Liu, Danny Marfatia

We assess the ability of the Belle II experiment to probe the Dirac or Majorana nature of a massive right-handed neutrino (RHN) $N$ in the MeV to GeV mass range. We consider the production and decay of RHNs to proceed via new interactions described by the standard model effective field theory (SMEFT) extended with right-handed neutrino fields (SMNEFT), and n

Dixon Vimalajeewa, Scott Alan Bruce, Brani Vidakovic

Accurate and efficient detection of ovarian cancer at early stages is critical to ensure proper treatments for patients. Among the first-line modalities investigated in studies of early diagnosis are features distilled from protein mass spectra. This method, however, considers only a specific subset of spectral responses and ignores the interplay among prote

Nasir Hayat, Krzysztof J. Geras, Farah E. Shamout

Multi-modal fusion approaches aim to integrate information from different data sources. Unlike natural datasets, such as in audio-visual applications, where samples consist of "paired" modalities, data in healthcare is often collected asynchronously. Hence, requiring the presence of all modalities for a given sample is not realistic for clinical tasks and si

G. Del Zanna, V. Polito, J. Dudík, P. Testa

We present joint Hinode/EIS and IRIS observations of Fe XII lines in active regions, both on-disk and off-limb. We use an improved calibration for the EIS data, and find that the 192.4 A / 1349 A observed ratio is consistent with the values predicted by CHIANTI and the coronal approximation in quiescent areas, but not in all active region observations, where

C. M. Downey, Xuhui Zhou, Leo Z. Liu, Shane Steinert-Threlkeld

We formulate and test a technique to use Emergent Communication (EC) with a pre-trained multilingual model to improve on modern Unsupervised NMT systems, especially for low-resource languages. It has been argued that the current dominant paradigm in NLP of pre-training on text-only corpora will not yield robust natural language understanding systems, and the

Y. T. Albert Law, Klaas Parmentier

When computing the ideal gas thermal canonical partition function for a scalar outside a black hole horizon, one encounters the divergent single-particle density of states (DOS) due to the continuous nature of the normal mode spectrum. Recasting the Lorentzian field equation into an effective 1D scattering problem, we argue that the scattering phases encode

Jongmin Seo, Christoforos Somarakis, Svyatoslav Korneev, Morad Behandish

We present physics-based nozzle design rules to achieve high-throughput and stable jetting in drop-on-demand liquid metal 3D printing. The design rules are based on scaling laws that capture the change of meniscus oscillation relaxation time with geometric characteristics of the nozzle's inner profile. These characteristics include volume, cross-sectional ar

N. Walters, J. Farihi, T. R. Marsh, E. Breedt

This study presents observations of two possible substellar survivors of post-main sequence engulfment, currently orbiting white dwarf stars. Infrared and optical spectroscopy of GD 1400 reveal a 9.98 h orbital period, where the benchmark brown dwarf has $M_2=68\pm8$ M$_{\rm Jup}$, $T_{\rm eff}\approx2100$ K, and a cooling age under 1 Gyr. A substellar mass

Debanjana Kundu, Antonio Lei, Florian Sprung

N.Garc\'ia-Fritz and H.Pasten showed that Hilbert's 10th problem is unsolvable in the ring of integers of number fields of the form $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt[3]{p},\sqrt{-q})$ for positive proportions of primes $p$ and $q$. We improve their proportions and extend their results to the case of number fields of the form $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt[3]{p},\sqrt{Dq})$, where $D$ be

Yunyi Shen, Claudia Solís-Lemus, Sameer K. Deshpande

The multivariate regression interpretation of the Gaussian chain graph model simultaneously parametrizes (i) the direct effects of $p$ predictors on $q$ outcomes and (ii) the residual partial covariances between pairs of outcomes. We introduce a new method for fitting sparse Gaussian chain graph models with spike-and-slab LASSO (SSL) priors. We develop an Ex

Roberto de A. Capistrano-Filho, Boumediène Chentouf, Luan S. de Sousa, Victor H. Gonzalez Martinez

In this paper, we consider the Kawahara equation in a bounded interval and with a delay term in one of the boundary conditions. Using two different approaches, we prove that this system is exponentially stable under a condition on the length of the spatial domain. Specifically, the first result is obtained by introducing a suitable energy and using the Lyapu

Jiwan Kim, Minchang Kim, Yeong-Gil Shin, Minyoung Chung

Accurate three-dimensional perception is a fundamental task in several computer vision applications. Recently, commercial RGB-depth (RGB-D) cameras have been widely adopted as single-view depth-sensing devices owing to their efficient depth-sensing abilities. However, the depth quality of most RGB-D sensors remains insufficient owing to the inherent noise fr

C. de la Fuente Marcos, R. de la Fuente Marcos

The region where the main asteroid belt is now located may have started empty, to become populated early in the history of the Solar system with material scattered outward by the terrestrial planets and inward by the giant planets. These dynamical pathways toward the main belt may still be active today. Here, we present results from a data mining experiment

Jennifer Mankoff, Devva Kasnitz, Disability Studies, L Jean Camp

This response to the RFI considers the potential for biometrics to help or harm disabled people2. Biometrics are already integrated into many aspects of daily life, from airport travel to mobile phone use. Yet many of these systems are not accessible to people who experience different kinds of disability exclusion . Different personal characteristics may imp

Vo Van Au, Tomas Caraballo, Nguyen Huy Tuan

In this paper, we discuss a class of nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations with the power-type nonlinearity: $(\mathrm{i} \frac{\partial}{\partial t} + \Delta ) \psi = \lambda |\psi|^{2\eta}\psi$ in $\mathbf R^N \times \mathbf R^+$. Based on the Gagliardo-Nirenberg interpolation inequality, we prove the local existence and long-time behavior (continuation, finit

Yiming Pan, Bin Zhang, Daniel Podolsky

We propose a synthetic dimension for ultrafast free electrons based on the discrete energy sidebands in photon-induced near-field electron microscopy (PINEM). The PINEM synthetic dimension can offer a powerful way to coherently shape or modulate free-electron wavefunctions in systems such as ultrafast transmission electron microscopes, dielectric laser accel

Samuel P. dos Santos, Keisuke Teramoto

We study singularities and geometric properties of surfaces given by the singular loci of normal congruence of frontals with pure-frontal singular points. These surfaces consist of the normal ruled surface and focal surfaces of the initial frontal. For the normal ruled surface, we give characterizations of singularities in terms of geometric invariants of th

Will Wolf, Aaron Henry, Hamza Al Fadel, Xavier Quintuna

Scoring the creditworthiness of accounts that interact with decentralized financial (DeFi) protocols remains an important yet unsolved problem. In this paper, we propose a credit scoring system for those accounts that have interacted with the Aave v2 liquidity protocol. The key component of this system is a tree-based binary classifier that predicts "positio

Argyrios Deligkas, Michail Fasoulakis, Evangelos Markakis

Since the seminal PPAD-completeness result for computing a Nash equilibrium even in two-player games, an important line of research has focused on relaxations achievable in polynomial time. In this paper, we consider the notion of $\varepsilon$-well-supported Nash equilibrium, where $\varepsilon \in [0,1]$ corresponds to the approximation guarantee. Put simp

Clara Cufí-Cabré, Jaume Llibre

It is well known that linear vector fields defined in $\mathbb{R}^n$ can not have limit cycles, but this is not the case for linear vector fields defined in other manifolds. We study the existence of limit cycles bifurcating from a continuum of periodic orbits of linear vector fields on manifolds of the form $(\mathbb{S}^2)^m \times \mathbb{R}^n$ when such v

Yuki Atsusaka

While rankings are at the heart of social science research, little is known about how to analyze ranking data in experimental studies. This paper introduces a potential-outcomes framework to perform causal inference when outcome data are ranking data. It introduces a class of causal estimands tailored to ranked outcomes and develops methods for estimation an

Xuchun Duan, Ting Li, Qihang Jing

We analyze 152 large confined flares (GOES class $\geq$M1.0 and $\leq$$45^{\circ}$ from disk center) during 2010$-$2019, and classify them into two types according to the criterion taken from the work of Li et al. (2019). "Type I" flares are characterized by slipping motions of flare loops and ribbons and a stable filament underlying the flare loops. "Type I

Gilles Carron, Eric Chen, Yi Wang

We study the Yamabe flow on asymptotically flat manifolds with non-positive Yamabe constant $Y\leq 0$. Previous work by the second and third named authors \cite{ChenWang} showed that while the Yamabe flow always converges in a global weighted sense when $Y>0$, the flow must diverge when $Y\leq 0$. We show here in the $Y\leq 0$ case however that after suitabl

Jens J. Hunhevicz, Pierre-Antoine Brasey, Marcella M. M. Bonanomi, Daniel M. Hall

This paper outlines why and how blockchain can digitally support and evolve the governance of collaborative project deliveries, such as integrated project deliveries (IPDs), to provide the foundation for novel and disruptive forms of organizational collaboration in the construction industry. Previous work has conceptualized IPDs as a common pool resource (CP

Yikun Zhang, Rafael S. de Souza, Yen-Chi Chen

The latticework structure known as the cosmic web provides a valuable insight into the assembly history of large-scale structures. Despite the variety of methods to identify the cosmic web structures, they mostly rely on the assumption that galaxies are embedded in a Euclidean geometric space. Here we present a novel cosmic web identifier called SCONCE (Sphe

Baran Sarac, Matej Micusik, Barbara Putz, Stefan Wurster

The chemical composition and structural state of advanced alloys are the decisive factors in optimum biomedical performance. This contribution presents unique Ti-Zr-Ge metallic glass thin-film compositions fabricated by magnetron sputter deposition targeted for nanocoatings for biofouling prevention. The amorphous nanofilms with nanoscale roughness exhibit a

A. A. Poblaguev

Requirements for hadron polarimetry at the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) include measurements of absolute ${}^3\text{He} (h)$ beam polarization with systematic uncertainties better than $\sigma^\text{syst}_P/P\lesssim1\%$. Due to the successful use, since 2005, of the polarized hydrogen jet target polarimeter (HJET) to measure proton beam polarization a

Derek C. Richardson, Harrison F. Agrusa, Brent Barbee, William F. Bottke

NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft is planned to impact the natural satellite of (65803) Didymos, Dimorphos, around 23:14 UTC on 26 September 2022, causing a reduction in its orbital period that will be measurable with ground-based observations. This test of kinetic impactor technology will provide the first estimate of the momentum tr

Emily O. Garvin, Sandor Kruk, Claude Cornen, Rachana Bhatawdekar

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) archives constitute a rich dataset of high resolution images to mine for strong gravitational lenses. While many HST programs specifically target strong lenses, they can also be present by coincidence in other HST observations. We aim to identify non-targeted strong gravitational lenses in almost two decades of images from th

Mikhail Kovalev, Chen Xuefei, Han Zhanwen

We present a new method for the detection of double-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB2) using $v\sin{i}$ values from spectral fits. The method is tested on synthetic and real spectra from LAMOST-MRS. It can reliably detect SB2 candidates for double-lined binaries with $v\sin{i}_1+v\sin{i}_2<300\,km\,s^{-1}$ if the radial velocity separation is large enough. U

Harrison F. Agrusa, Fabio Ferrari, Yun Zhang, Derek C. Richardson

Previous efforts have modeled the Didymos system as two irregularly shaped rigid bodies, although it is likely that one or both components are in fact rubble piles. Here, we relax the rigid-body assumption to quantify how this affects the spin and orbital dynamics of the system following the DART impact. Given known fundamental differences between our simula

Anish Das, Ashis Saha, Sunandan Gangopadhyay

We consider a spherically symmetric black hole metric in (3+1)-dimensions in presence of a positive cosmological constant $\Lambda$. We use a general approach as proposed in \cite{1} to transform the metric in co-moving coordinates. Then for a general metric we have evaluated the angular shadow size both in absence and presence of plasma. By using the aberra

Wesley H. Holliday

We give a proof-theoretic as well as a semantic characterization of a logic in the signature with conjunction, disjunction, negation, and the universal and existential quantifiers that we suggest has a certain fundamental status. We present a Fitch-style natural deduction system for the logic that contains only the introduction and elimination rules for the

Mladen Bestvina, Radhika Gupta, Jing Tao

We construct an unfolding path in Outer space which does not converge in the boundary, and instead it accumulates on the entire 1-simplex of projectivized length measures on a non-geometric arational $\mathbb{R}$-tree T. We also show that T admits exactly two dual ergodic projective currents.

Phillip Rust, Jonas F. Lotz, Emanuele Bugliarello, Elizabeth Salesky

Language models are defined over a finite set of inputs, which creates a vocabulary bottleneck when we attempt to scale the number of supported languages. Tackling this bottleneck results in a trade-off between what can be represented in the embedding matrix and computational issues in the output layer. This paper introduces PIXEL, the Pixel-based Encoder of

Berend Ringeling

We solve a Lehmer-type question about the Mahler measure of integer-valued polynomials.

Min Zhang, Siteng Huang, Wenbin Li, Donglin Wang

In this paper, we mainly focus on the problem of how to learn additional feature representations for few-shot image classification through pretext tasks (e.g., rotation or color permutation and so on). This additional knowledge generated by pretext tasks can further improve the performance of few-shot learning (FSL) as it differs from human-annotated supervi

A. René Geist, Jonathan Fiene, Naomi Tashiro, Zheng Jia

Combining off-the-shelf components with 3D-printing, the Wheelbot is a symmetric reaction wheel unicycle that can jump onto its wheels from any initial position. With non-holonomic and under-actuated dynamics, as well as two coupled unstable degrees of freedom, the Wheelbot provides a challenging platform for nonlinear and data-driven control research. This

S. P. Arjun Ram, Maruthi R Akella

The attitude stabilization of a micro-satellite employing a variable-amplitude cold gas thruster which reflects as a time varying gain on the control input is considered. Existing literature uses a persistence filter based approach that typically leads to large control gains and torque inputs during specific time intervals corresponding to the 'on' phase of

Qin Fang, Shaojun Guo, Xinghao Qiao

Covariance function estimation is a fundamental task in multivariate functional data analysis and arises in many applications. In this paper, we consider estimating sparse covariance functions for high-dimensional functional data, where the number of random functions p is comparable to, or even larger than the sample size n. Aided by the Hilbert--Schmidt nor

Mohsen Zand, Ali Etemad, Michael Greenspan

We present ObjectBox, a novel single-stage anchor-free and highly generalizable object detection approach. As opposed to both existing anchor-based and anchor-free detectors, which are more biased toward specific object scales in their label assignments, we use only object center locations as positive samples and treat all objects equally in different featur

A. Padhye, K. Muhammed Shafi, C. M. Chandrashekar

Various quantum technology applications require high-purity single photons with high generation rate. Although different methods are employed to generate such photons, heralded single photons from spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) is the most commonly used approach. Photon generation rate from the heralded single-photon sources are limited by the

Hao-Wen Dong, Ke Chen, Shlomo Dubnov, Julian McAuley

Existing approaches for generating multitrack music with transformer models have been limited in terms of the number of instruments, the length of the music segments and slow inference. This is partly due to the memory requirements of the lengthy input sequences necessitated by existing representations. In this work, we propose a new multitrack music represe

Po-han Li, Ufuk Topcu, Sandeep P. Chinchali

We propose a method to attack controllers that rely on external timeseries forecasts as task parameters. An adversary can manipulate the costs, states, and actions of the controllers by forging the timeseries, in this case perturbing the real timeseries. Since the controllers often encode safety requirements or energy limits in their costs and constraints, w

He-in Cheong, Jonathan Sanz Carcelen, Manlika Sukitpaneenit, Panagiotis Angeloudis

Passenger rejection by taxi drivers impacts the travel behaviour in many cities and suburban areas, often leaving those potential customers in non-popular zones stranded without access to taxis. To overcome this problem, many practices have been implemented, such as penalties to drivers, bans, and new pricing strategies. This paper presents a double auction

Xinxing Wu, Zhiyi Zhu, Guanrong Chen, Tao Wang

Being a pair of dual concepts, the normalized distance and similarity measures are very important tools for decision-making and pattern recognition under intuitionistic fuzzy sets framework. To be more effective for decision-making and pattern recognition applications, a good normalized distance measure should ensure that its dual similarity measure satisfie

You-Wei Benson Chen, Daniel Spector

In this paper, we define a notion of $\beta$-dimensional mean oscillation of functions $u: Q_0 \subset \mathbb{R}^d \to \mathbb{R}$ which are integrable on $\beta$-dimensional subsets of the cube $Q_0$: \begin{align*} \|u\|_{BMO^{\beta}(Q_0)}:= \sup_{Q \subset Q_0} \inf_{c \in \mathbb{R}} \frac{1}{l(Q)^\beta} \int_{Q} |u-c| \;d\mathcal{H}^{\beta}_\infty, \en

Sina Kazemian, Mateo Pascual, Carlo Rovelli, Francesca Vidotto

We point out that conservation of information implies that remnants produced at the end of black hole evaporation should radiate in the low-frequency spectrum. We model this emission and derive properties of the diffuse radiation emitted by an otherwise dark population of such objects. We show that for early universe black holes the frequency and energy dens

Bahar Bidaran, Francesco La Barbera, Anna Pasquali, Reynier Peletier

Using MUSE spectra, we investigate how pre-processing and accretion onto a galaxy cluster affect the integrated stellar population properties of dwarf early-type galaxies (dEs). We analyze a sample of nine dEs with stellar masses of $\rm \sim 10^9 \, M_\odot$, which were accreted ($\sim$ 2-3 Gyr ago) onto the Virgo cluster as members of a massive galaxy grou

Evgeny Skvortsov, Yihao Yin

Helicity is a useful concept both for AdS${}_4$ and CFT${}_3$ studies. We work out the complete AdS${}_4$/CFT${}_3$ dictionary for spinning fields/operators in the spinor-helicity base that allows one to scalarize any $n$-point contact vertex. AdS${}_4$-vertices encode correlation functions of conserved currents, stress-tensor and, more generally, higher spi

Chenghua Zeng, Huijuan Lu, Kanghao Chen, Ruixuan Wang

Data imbalance between common and rare diseases during model training often causes intelligent diagnosis systems to have biased predictions towards common diseases. The state-of-the-art approaches apply a two-stage learning framework to alleviate the class-imbalance issue, where the first stage focuses on training of a general feature extractor and the secon

Thomas Navarro, Timothy M. Merlis, Nicolas B. Cowan, Natalya Gomez

Temperate terrestrial planets orbiting low-mass stars are subject to strong tidal forces. The effects of gravitational tides on the solid planet and that of atmospheric thermal tides have been studied, but the direct impact of gravitational tides on the atmosphere itself has so far been ignored. We first develop a simplified analytic theory of tides acting o

Xiuzhen Ye, Iñaki Esnaola, Samir M. Perlaza, Robert F. Harrison

A novel metric that describes the vulnerability of the measurements in power system to data integrity attacks is proposed. The new metric, coined vulnerability index (VuIx), leverages information theoretic measures to assess the attack effect on the fundamental limits of the disruption and detection tradeoff. The result of computing the VuIx of the measureme

Colin Fan

Let $M = \Gamma \setminus \mathbb{H}_d$ be a compact quotient of the $d$-dimensional Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}_d$ by a lattice subgroup $\Gamma$. We give Schatten and Sobolev estimates for the Green operator $\mathcal{G}_\alpha$ associated to a fixed element of a family of second order differential operators $\left\{ \mathcal{L}_\alpha \right\}$ on $M$. I

Kelly Spendlove, Robert Vandervorst

To capture the global structure of a dynamical system we reformulate dynamics in terms of appropriately constructed topologies, which we call flow topologies; we call this process topologization. This yields a description of a semi-flow in terms of a bi-topological space, with the first topology corresponding to the (phase) space and the second to the flow t

Conor Heins, Brennan Klein, Daphne Demekas, Miguel Aguilera

An open question in the study of emergent behaviour in multi-agent Bayesian systems is the relationship, if any, between individual and collective inference. In this paper we explore the correspondence between generative models that exist at two distinct scales, using spin glass models as a sandbox system to investigate this question. We show that the collec

Alexandre Pages, Jian-Rui Soh, Marjaneh Jafari Fesharaki, Henrik M. Ronnow

The magnetic, dielectric and structural properties of type-I multiferroic KNiPO$_4$ have been investigated by neutron powder diffraction, magnetization, dielectric and high temperature synchrotron-XRD measurements. Below the N\'{e}el transition of $T_\mathrm{N}$ = 25 K, KNiPO$_4$ displays a weakly non-collinear antiferromagnetic (AFM) structure with the orie

Hamid Mousavi, Mohammad Loni, Mina Alibeigi, Masoud Daneshtalab

The deployment of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) on edge devices is hindered by the substantial gap between performance requirements and available processing power. While recent research has made significant strides in developing pruning methods to build a sparse network for reducing the computing overhead of DNNs, there remains considerable accuracy loss, espe

M. Rybak, J. A. Hodge, T. R. Greve, D. Riechers

Dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at redshift z$\geq$1 are among the most vigorously star-forming galaxies in the Universe. However, their dense ($\geq$10$^5$ cm$^{-3}$ ) gas phase - typically traced by HCN(1-0) - remains almost entirely unexplored: only two DSFGs have been detected in HCN(1-0) to date. We present results of a JVLA survey of the J=1-0 tran

Darwin Bautista, Rowel Atienza

Context-aware STR methods typically use internal autoregressive (AR) language models (LM). Inherent limitations of AR models motivated two-stage methods which employ an external LM. The conditional independence of the external LM on the input image may cause it to erroneously rectify correct predictions, leading to significant inefficiencies. Our method, PAR

Peng Yin, Haowen Lai, Shiqi Zhao, Ruohai Ge

We present AutoMerge, a LiDAR data processing framework for assembling a large number of map segments into a complete map. Traditional large-scale map merging methods are fragile to incorrect data associations, and are primarily limited to working only offline. AutoMerge utilizes multi-perspective fusion and adaptive loop closure detection for accurate data

Junwei Su, Peter Marbach

It has been experimentally shown that communities in social networks tend to have a core-periphery topology. However, there is still a limited understanding of the precise structure of core-periphery communities in social networks including the connectivity structure and interaction rates between agents. In this paper, we use a game-theoretic approach to der

N. Suresh, N. R. Bharathi

This study examines the impact of the foreign exchange rate, i.e., US Dollar to Indian Rupee (USD/INR) on the Indian Stock Market Index (Nifty 50) during the demonetization of high denomination Indian currencies. A daily rate of return of Foreign exchange rate (USD/INR) and the Indian Stock Market Index (Nifty 50) were considered for the study. The Dummy var

George Georgescu

The commutator operation in a congruence-modular variety $\mathcal{V}$ allows us to define the prime congruences of any algebra $A\in \mathcal{V}$ and the prime spectrum $Spec(A)$ of $A$. The first systematic study of this spectrum can be found in a paper by Agliano, published in Universal Algebra (1993). The reticulation of an algebra $A\in \mathcal{V}$ is

Ricard Durall

Asset allocation is an investment strategy that aims to balance risk and reward by constantly redistributing the portfolio's assets according to certain goals, risk tolerance, and investment horizon. Unfortunately, there is no simple formula that can find the right allocation for every individual. As a result, investors may use different asset allocations' s

Dingshan Deng, Yang Sun, Tianding Wang, Yuxi Wang

The infrared excess from OB stars are commonly considered as contributions from ionized stellar wind or circumstellar dust. With the newly published LAMOST-OB catalog and GOSSS data, this work steps further on understanding the infrared excess of OB stars. Based on a forward modeling approach comparing the spectral slope of observational Spectral Energy Dist

Nilay Patel, Jeffrey Flanigan

Human language is known to exhibit a nested, hierarchical structure, allowing us to form complex sentences out of smaller pieces. However, many state-of-the-art neural networks models such as Transformers have no explicit hierarchical structure in its architecture -- that is, they don't have an inductive bias toward hierarchical structure. Additionally, Tran

Yuankai Wu, Hongyu Yang, Yi Lin, Hong Liu

Demystifying the delay propagation mechanisms among multiple airports is fundamental to precise and interpretable delay prediction, which is crucial during decision-making for all aviation industry stakeholders. The principal challenge lies in effectively leveraging the spatiotemporal dependencies and exogenous factors related to the delay propagation. Howev

Alice Baird, Panagiotis Tzirakis, Gauthier Gidel, Marco Jiralerspong

This is the Proceedings of the ICML Expressive Vocalization (ExVo) Competition. The ExVo competition focuses on understanding and generating vocal bursts: laughs, gasps, cries, and other non-verbal vocalizations that are central to emotional expression and communication. ExVo 2022, included three competition tracks using a large-scale dataset of 59,201 vocal

Marco Rossanese, Placido Mursia, Andres Garcia-Saavedra, Vincenzo Sciancalepore

In this paper, we present our experience designing, prototyping, and empirically characterizing RF Switch-based Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS). Our RIS design comprises arrays of patch antennas, delay lines and programmable radio-frequency (RF) switches that enable passive 3D beamforming, i.e., without active RF components. We implement this desig

Antonio Capolupo, Gaetano Lambiase, Antonio Tedesco

In this paper we constrain the sizes of hypothetical new weak forces by making use the data coming from the precession of Planets. We consider the weak field approximation of Scalar-Tensor Fourth Order Gravity (STFOG), which include several models of modified gravity. The form of the corrections to the Newtonian potential if of the form of Yukawa-like potent

Marcos Kiwi, Markus Schepers, John Sylvester

We study random walks on the giant component of Hyperbolic Random Graphs (HRGs), in the regime when the degree distribution obeys a power law with exponent in the range $(2,3)$. In particular, we first focus on the expected time for a random walk to hit a given vertex or visit, i.e. cover, all vertices. We show that, a.a.s. (with respect to the HRG), and up

Siyou Lin, Hongwen Zhang, Zerong Zheng, Ruizhi Shao

We present FITE, a First-Implicit-Then-Explicit framework for modeling human avatars in clothing. Our framework first learns implicit surface templates representing the coarse clothing topology, and then employs the templates to guide the generation of point sets which further capture pose-dependent clothing deformations such as wrinkles. Our pipeline incorp

Joakim Bohlin, Andrew J. Turberfield, Ard A. Louis, Petr Šulc

The design space for a self-assembled multicomponent objects ranges from a solution in which every building block is unique to one with the minimum number of distinct building blocks that unambiguously define the target structure. Using a novel pipeline, we explore the design spaces for a set of structures of various sizes and complexities. To understand the

Suhwan Cho, Heansung Lee, Minhyeok Lee, Chaewon Park

Semi-supervised video object segmentation (VOS) aims to densely track certain designated objects in videos. One of the main challenges in this task is the existence of background distractors that appear similar to the target objects. We propose three novel strategies to suppress such distractors: 1) a spatio-temporally diversified template construction schem

Irfan Glogić

We consider wave maps from the $(1+d)$-dimensional Minkowski space into the $d$-sphere. It is known from the work of Bizo\'n and Biernat \cite{BizBie15} that in the energy-supercritical case, i.e., for $d \geq 3$, this model admits a closed-form corotational self-similar blowup solution. We show that this blowup profile is globally nonlinearly stable for all

Sen Mu, Nicolas Macé, Jiangbin Gong, Christian Miniatura

We show that superfluidity can be used to prevent thermalisation in a nonlinear Floquet system. Generically, periodic driving boils an interacting system to a featureless infinite temperature state. Fast driving is a known strategy to postpone Floquet heating with a large but always finite boiling time. In contrast, using a nonlinear periodically-driven syst

Linwei Hu, Jie Chen, Vijayan N. Nair

Low-order functional ANOVA (fANOVA) models have been rediscovered in the machine learning (ML) community under the guise of inherently interpretable machine learning. Explainable Boosting Machines or EBM (Lou et al. 2013) and GAMI-Net (Yang et al. 2021) are two recently proposed ML algorithms for fitting functional main effects and second-order interactions.

Dimitrios Saligkaras, Vasileios E. Papageorgiou

Clustering is an unsupervised machine learning methodology where unlabeled elements/objects are grouped together aiming to the construction of well-established clusters that their elements are classified according to their similarity. The goal of this process is to provide a useful aid to the researcher that will help her/him to identify patterns among the d

Drilon Zenelaj, Patrick P. Potts, Peter Samuelsson

Detection of single, itinerant microwave photons is an important functionality for emerging quantum technology applications as well as of fundamental interest in quantum thermodynamics experiments on heat transport. In a recent experiment [W. Khan et al., Nat. Commun. 12, 5130 (2021)], it was demonstrated that a double quantum dot (DQD) coupled to a microwav

Panagiotis D. Grontas, Michael W. Fisher, Florian Dörfler

Design of optimal distributed linear feedback controllers to achieve a desired aggregate behavior, while simultaneously satisfying state and input constraints, is a challenging but important problem in many applications. System level synthesis is a recent technique which has been used to reparametrize the optimal control problem as a convex program. Prior wo

Ollie Ballinger

Despite a growing recognition of the importance of insurgent group structure on conflict outcomes, there is very little empirical research thereon. Though this problem is rooted in the inaccessibility of data on militant group structure, insurgents frequently publish large volumes of image data on the internet. In this paper, I develop a new methodology that