August 2022 arXiv papers — page 129

Jeffersson A. Agudelo Rueda, Daniel Verscharen, Robert T. Wicks, Christopher J. Owen

Energy dissipation in collisionless plasmas is a longstanding fundamental physics problem. Although it is well known that magnetic reconnection and turbulence are coupled and transport energy from system-size scales to sub-proton scales, the details of the energy distribution and energy dissipation channels remain poorly understood. Especially, the energy tr

Lukasz Tulczyjew, Michal Kawulok, Nicolas Longépé, Bertrand Le Saux

Maintaining farm sustainability through optimizing the agricultural management practices helps build more planet-friendly environment. The emerging satellite missions can acquire multi- and hyperspectral imagery which captures more detailed spectral information concerning the scanned area, hence allows us to benefit from subtle spectral features during the a

MicroBooNE collaboration, P. Abratenko, J. Anthony, L. Arellano

In this letter we present the first measurements of an exclusive electron neutrino cross section with the MicroBooNE experiment using data from the Booster Neutrino Beamline at Fermilab. These measurements are made for a selection of charged-current electron neutrinos without final-state pions. Differential cross sections are extracted in energy and angle wi

Madalina Pacurar

Motivated by the existence of cyclic phenomena in which some characteristics are mapped into corresponding ones over more than one phase, we introduce the $r$-cyclic operators with respect to a covering of a metric space and investigate their behavior. We study the convergence of the Picard iteration to a fixed point of such an operator under different types

Konstantin A. Afonin, Vladimir I. Bogachev

We study two topologies $\tau_{KR}$ and $\tau_K$ on the space of measures on a completely regular space generated by Kantorovich--Rubinshtein and Kantorovich seminorms analogous to their classical norms in the case of a metric space. The Kantorovich--Rubinshtein topology $\tau_{KR}$ coincides with the weak topology on nonnegative measures and on bounded unif

Samuel Le Fourn, Davide Lombardo, David Zywina

Let $A$ be an abelian variety defined over a number field $K$. For a finite extension $L/K$, the cardinality of the group $A(L)_{\operatorname{tors}}$ of torsion points in $A(L)$ can be bounded in terms of the degree $[L:K]$. We study the smallest real number $\beta_A$ such that for any finite extension $L/K$ and $\varepsilon>0$, we have $|A(L)_{\operatornam

Vincent D. Zaballa, Elliot E. Hui

Systems biology seeks to create math models of biological systems to reduce inherent biological complexity and provide predictions for applications such as therapeutic development. However, it remains a challenge to determine which math model is correct and how to arrive optimally at the answer. We present an algorithm for automated biological model selectio

Bowen Li, Thomas Lukasiewicz

Story visualization aims to generate a sequence of images to narrate each sentence in a multi-sentence story with a global consistency across dynamic scenes and characters. Current works still struggle with output images' quality and consistency, and rely on additional semantic information or auxiliary captioning networks. To address these challenges, we fir

Babak Samadi, Nasrin Soltankhah

Let $G=(V(G),E(G))$ be a graph. A function $f:V(G)\rightarrow \mathbb{P}(\{1,2\})$ is a $2$-rainbow dominating function if for every vertex $v$ with $f(v)=\emptyset$, $f\big{(}N(v)\big{)}=\{1,2\}$. An outer-independent $2$-rainbow dominating function (OI$2$RD function) of $G$ is a $2$-rainbow dominating function $f$ for which the set of all $v\in V(G)$ with

Benjamin Cohen-Stead, Kipton Barros, Richard Scalettar, Steven Johnston

The relationship between electron-phonon ($e$-ph) interactions and charge-density-wave (CDW) order in the bismuthate family of high-temperature superconductors remains unresolved. We address this question using nonperturbative hybrid Monte Carlo calculations for the parent compound BaBiO$_3$. Our model includes the Bi $6s$ and O $2p_\sigma$ orbitals and coup

ATLAS Collaboration

A test of $CP$ invariance in Higgs boson production via vector-boson fusion has been performed in the $H\rightarrow\gamma\gamma$ channel using 139 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=13\,\mathrm{TeV}$ collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The Optimal Observable method is used to probe the $CP$ structure of interactions between the Hi

Fabrizio Pedersoli, Dryden Wiebe, Amin Banitalebi, Yong Zhang

We propose a new framework for extracting visual information about a scene only using audio signals. Audio-based methods can overcome some of the limitations of vision-based methods i.e., they do not require "line-of-sight", are robust to occlusions and changes in illumination, and can function as a backup in case vision/lidar sensors fail. Therefore, audio-

Hui Ruan, Shahed Rezaei, Yangyiwei Yang, Dietmar Gross

Thermal fracture is prevalent in many engineering problems and is one of the most devastating defects in metal additive manufacturing. Due to the interactive underlying physics involved, the computational simulation of such a process is challenging. In this work, we propose a thermo-mechanical phase-field fracture model, which is based on a thermodynamically

Finlay Macklon, Mohammad Reza Taesiri, Markos Viggiato, Stefan Antoszko

The HTML5 <canvas> is used to display high quality graphics in web applications such as web games (i.e., <canvas> games). However, automatically testing <canvas> games is not possible with existing web testing techniques and tools, and manual testing is laborious. Many widely used web testing tools rely on the Document Object Model (DOM) to drive web test au

Aleksandar Haber, John E. Draganov, Michael Krainak

In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of using subspace system identification techniques for estimating transient Structural-Thermal-Optical Performance (STOP) models of reflective optics. As a test case, we use a Newtonian telescope structure. This work is motivated by the need for the development of model-based data-driven techniques for prediction

Nitpreet Bamra, Vikram Voleti, Alexander Wong, Jason Deglint

Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of harmful algal blooms (HABs), which cause significant fish deaths in aquaculture farms. This contributes to ocean pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions since dead fish are either dumped into the ocean or taken to landfills, which in turn negatively impacts the climate. Currently, the standard m

Leonardo Ranzani, Guilhem Ribeill, Brian Hassick, Kin Chung Fong

We describe a wide-band Josephson Parametric Amplifier (JPA) that is impedance-matched using an integrated compact superconducting transmission line transformer. The impedance transformer consists of two broadside coupled transmission lines configured in a Ruthroff topology which enables a wide matching bandwidth from 2 to 18 GHz, reducing the input line imp

Yuanyuan Tang, Shuche Wang, Hao Lou, Ryan Gabrys

Due to its higher data density, longevity, energy efficiency, and ease of generating copies, DNA is considered a promising storage technology for satisfying future needs. However, a diverse set of errors including deletions, insertions, duplications, and substitutions may arise in DNA at different stages of data storage and retrieval. The current paper const

Xin Liu, Edriss S. Titi

In the work, we consider the zero Mach number limit of compressible primitive equations in the domain $\mathbb{R}^2 \times 2\mathbb{T}$ or $\mathbb{T}^2 \times 2\mathbb{T}$. We identify the limit equations to be the primitive equations with the incompressible condition. The convergence behaviors are studied in both $\mathbb{R}^2 \times 2\mathbb{T}$ and $\mat

Magda Arnaboldi, Souradeep Bhattacharya, Ortwin Gerhard, Chiaki Kobayashi

We use oxygen and argon abundances for planetary nebulae (PNe) with low internal extinction (progenitor ages of (>4.5 Gyr) and high extinction (progenitor ages <2.5 Gyr), as well as those of the H II regions, to constrain the chemical enrichment and star formation efficiency in the thin and thicker discs of M31. The argon element is produced in larger fracti

Xiaochen Chou, Mauro Dell'Amico, Jafar Jamal, Roberto Montemanni

The minimum-cost arborescence problem is a well-studied problem in the area of graph theory, with known polynomial-time algorithms for solving it. Previous literature introduced new variations on the original problem with different objective function and/or constraints. Recently, the Precedence-Constrained Minimum-Cost Arborescence problem was proposed, in w

Nadav Drukker

A series of ceramic artworks are presented, inspired by the author's research connecting theoretical physics to the beautiful theory of Riemann surfaces. More specifically the research is related to the classification of curves on the surfaces based on a description of them as built from basic building blocks known as "pairs of pants". The relevant backgroun

Kalel L. Rossi, Roberto C. Budzinski, Bruno R. R. Boaretto, Lyle E. Muller

Understanding the sensitivity of a system's behavior with respect to parameter changes is essential for many applications. This sensitivity may be desired - for instance in the brain, where a large repertoire of different dynamics, particularly different synchronization patterns, is crucial - or may be undesired - for instance in power grids, where disruptio

Adam Dunajski

We find the maximal number of regions that a straight line embedding of a N-cycle graph can enclose.

Aidan Boyd, Daniel Moreira, Andrey Kuehlkamp, Kevin Bowyer

Forensic iris recognition, as opposed to live iris recognition, is an emerging research area that leverages the discriminative power of iris biometrics to aid human examiners in their efforts to identify deceased persons. As a machine learning-based technique in a predominantly human-controlled task, forensic recognition serves as "back-up" to human expertis

Peyman Ashkrof, Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia, Oded Cats, Bart van Arem

Ride-sourcing drivers as individual service suppliers can freely adopt their own relocation strategies including waiting, cruising freely, or following the platform recommendations. These decisions substantially impact the balance between supply and demand, and consequently affect system performance. We conducted a stated choice experiment to study the searc

Fikadu Alema, Carl Peterson, Arkka Bhattacharyya, Saurav Roy

We report on the realization of record low resistance Ohmic contacts to MOVPE-grown heavily Si-doped $\beta$-Ga$_2$O$_3$ and $\beta$-(Al$_x$Ga$_1-x$)$_2$ O$_3$ epitaxial films. Transfer length measurement (TLM) patterns were fabricated on the heavily Si-doped homoepitaxial $\beta$-Ga$_2$O$_3$ films with electron concentration (n) ranging from 1.77 to 3.23e20

Nafiul Nipu, Carla Floricel, Negar Naghashzadeh, Roberto Paoli

Contrails are condensation trails generated from emitted particles by aircraft engines, which perturb Earth's radiation budget. Simulation modeling is used to interpret the formation and development of contrails. These simulations are computationally intensive and rely on high-performance computing solutions, and the contrail structures are not well defined.

Rasool Ahmad, Mingliang Liu, Michael Ortiz, Tapan Mukerji

This work focuses on computing the homogenized elastic properties of rocks from 3D micro-computed-tomography (micro-CT) scanned images. The accurate computation of homogenized properties of rocks, archetypal random media, requires both resolution of intricate underlying microstructure and large field of view, resulting in huge micro-CT images. Homogenization

Wenceslao Shaw Cortez, Jan Drgona, Aaron Tuor, Mahantesh Halappanavar

We develop a novel form of differentiable predictive control (DPC) with safety and robustness guarantees based on control barrier functions. DPC is an unsupervised learning-based method for obtaining approximate solutions to explicit model predictive control (MPC) problems. In DPC, the predictive control policy parametrized by a neural network is optimized o

Luka Cmok, Nerea Sebastián, Alenka Mertelj, Yongfa Kong

We investigated the effect of a photovoltaic field generated on the surface of iron-doped lithium niobate crystals on droplets of a ferroelectric nematic liquid crystalline and a standard nematic liquid crystalline material deposited on this surface. When such assembly is illuminated with a laser beam, a wide range of dynamic phenomena are initiated. Droplet

Willeke Mulder, C. H. Lucas Patty, Stefano Spadaccia, Antoine Pommerol

Does life exist outside our Solar System? A first step towards searching for life outside our Solar System is detecting life on Earth by using remote sensing applications. One powerful and unambiguous biosignature is the circular polarization resulting from the homochirality of biotic molecules and systems. We aim to investigate the possibility of identifyin

Anouar Bahrouni, Qi Guo, Hichem Hajaiej

The purpose of this paper is to establish the existence of solutions with prescribed norm to a class of nonlinear equations involving the mixed fractional Laplacians. This type of equations arises in various fields ranging from biophysics to population dynamics. Due to the importance of these applications, this topic has very recently received an increasing

Steffen Bleher, Steve Heim, Sebastian Trimpe

In the field, robots often need to operate in unknown and unstructured environments, where accurate sensing and state estimation (SE) becomes a major challenge. Cameras have been used to great success in mapping and planning in such environments, as well as complex but quasi-static tasks such as grasping, but are rarely integrated into the control loop for u

Gaurav Katoch, Swejyoti Mitra, Shubho R. Roy

This work is an extension of our previous work [1] where we exploited holography to compute the complexity characteristics of Little String Theory (LST), a nonlocal, nongravitational field theory which flows to a local 2d CFT in the IR under RG via an integrable irrelevant (TT) deformation. Here we look at the more general LST obtained by UV deforming the 2d

Dominik Kuhnke, Monika Kwiatkowski, Olaf Hellwich

Defects increase the cost and duration of construction projects as they require significant inspection and documentation efforts. Automating defect detection could significantly reduce these efforts. This work focuses on detecting honeycombs, a substantial defect in concrete structures that may affect structural integrity. We compared honeycomb images scrape

Kejia Ren, Lydia E. Kavraki, Kaiyu Hang

Robot manipulation in cluttered environments often requires complex and sequential rearrangement of multiple objects in order to achieve the desired reconfiguration of the target objects. Due to the sophisticated physical interactions involved in such scenarios, rearrangement-based manipulation is still limited to a small range of tasks and is especially vul

Amar Kumar, Anjun Hu, Brennan Nichyporuk, Jean-Pierre R. Falet

The discovery of patient-specific imaging markers that are predictive of future disease outcomes can help us better understand individual-level heterogeneity of disease evolution. In fact, deep learning models that can provide data-driven personalized markers are much more likely to be adopted in medical practice. In this work, we demonstrate that data-drive

Sanket Shukla

Machine learning based malware detection techniques rely on grayscale images of malware and tends to classify malware based on the distribution of textures in graycale images. Albeit the advancement and promising results shown by machine learning techniques, attackers can exploit the vulnerabilities by generating adversarial samples. Adversarial samples are

Daniel White

Let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic number field and let $L(s,\xi_{\ell})$ denote the Hecke $L$-function to an angular character $\xi_{\ell}$ with frequency $\ell$. We detect values of $\log |L(\tfrac12,\xi_{\ell})|$ with size at least $(\sqrt{2} + o_K(1))(\log X / \log \log X)^{1/2}$ along each dyadic range $X \leqslant \ell \leqslant 2X$. This result relies

Dongwen Liu, Jia-Jun Ma, Fang Shi

In this paper, we deduce explicit multiplicity formulas of the Fourier-Jacobi model for Deligne-Lusztig characters of finite symplectic groups, unitary groups, and general linear groups. We then apply these results to deduce the explicit depth zero local descent (\`a la Soudry and Tanay) for $p$-adic unitary groups. The result is a concrete example in the co

Andrew R. Kaiser, Nihan S. Pol, Maura A. McLaughlin, Siyuan Chen

With strong evidence of a common-spectrum stochastic process in the most recent datasets from the NANOGrav Collaboration, the European Pulsar Timing Array (PTA), Parkes PTA, and the International PTA, it is crucial to assess the effects of the several astrophysical and cosmological sources that could contribute to the stochastic gravitational wave background

Janardhanraj Subburaj, Touqeer Anwar Kashif, Aamir Farooq

Shock tubes have been routinely used to generate reliable chemical kinetic data for gas-phase chemistry. The conventional diaphragm-rupture mode for shock tube operation presents many challenges that may ultimately affect the quality of chemical kinetics data. Numerous diaphragmless concepts have been developed to overcome the drawbacks of using diaphragms.

Shuzhi Yu, Hannah Halin Kim, Shuai Yuan, Carlo Tomasi

Unsupervised optical flow estimators based on deep learning have attracted increasing attention due to the cost and difficulty of annotating for ground truth. Although performance measured by average End-Point Error (EPE) has improved over the years, flow estimates are still poorer along motion boundaries (MBs), where the flow is not smooth, as is typically

Ahmed Roushdy Elkordy, Jiang Zhang, Yahya H. Ezzeldin, Konstantinos Psounis

Federated learning (FL) has attracted growing interest for enabling privacy-preserving machine learning on data stored at multiple users while avoiding moving the data off-device. However, while data never leaves users' devices, privacy still cannot be guaranteed since significant computations on users' training data are shared in the form of trained local m

Safak Alpay, Eduard Emelyanov, Svetlana Gorokhova

We introduce and study the enveloping norms of regularly P-operators, where P is an "almost" version of limited, Grothendieck, and of Dunford--Pettis operators in Banach lattices. Several further topics related to these operators are also discussed.

Warrick H. Ball, Andrea Miglio, William J. Chaplin, Keivan G. Stassun

Binary stars in which oscillations can be studied in either or both components can provide powerful constraints on our understanding of stellar physics. The bright binary 12 Bo\"otis (12 Boo) is a particularly promising system because the primary is roughly 60 per cent brighter than the secondary despite being only a few per cent more massive. Both stars hav

Weiming Ren, Ruijing Zeng, Tongzi Wu, Tianshu Zhu

There are several opportunities for automation in healthcare that can improve clinician throughput. One such example is assistive tools to document diagnosis codes when clinicians write notes. We study the automation of medical code prediction using curriculum learning, which is a training strategy for machine learning models that gradually increases the har

Tucker McElroy, Dimitris Politis

Estimating the spectral density function $f(w)$ for some $w\in [-\pi, \pi]$ has been traditionally performed by kernel smoothing the periodogram and related techniques. Kernel smoothing is tantamount to local averaging, i.e., approximating $f(w)$ by a constant over a window of small width. Although $f(w)$ is uniformly continuous and periodic with period $2\p

Charles Lockie, Ioannis Mavromatis, Aleksandar Stanoev, Yichao Jin

Synchronous Flooding (SF) protocols can enhance the wireless connectivity between Internet of Things (IoT) devices. However, existing SF solutions fail to introduce sufficient security measures due to strict time synchronisation requirements, making them vulnerable to malicious actions. Our paper presents a design paradigm for encrypted SF communications. We

Joe Clanin, Sourabh Bhattacharya

In this work, we provide a structural characterization of the possible Nash equilibria in the well-studied class of security games with additive utility. Our analysis yields a classification of possible equilibria into seven types and we provide closed-form feasibility conditions for each type as well as closed-form expressions for the expected outcomes to t

Xiang Gao, Andrew D. Hanlon, Nikhil Karthik, Swagato Mukherjee

We present lattice QCD calculations of valence parton distribution function (PDF) of pion employing next-to-next-leading-order (NNLO) perturbative QCD matching. Our calculations are based on three gauge ensembles of 2+1 flavor highly improved staggered quarks and Wilson--Clover valance quarks, corresponding to pion mass $m_\pi=140$~MeV at a lattice spacing $

Kousik Kumar Dutta, Ankita Dewan, Venkata M. V. Gunturi

The constrained path optimization (CPO) problem takes the following input: (a) a road network represented as a directed graph, where each edge is associated with a "cost" and a "score" value; (b) a source-destination pair and; (c) a budget value, which denotes the maximum permissible cost of the solution. Given the input, the goal is to determine a path from

Andrea Fontanella, Juan Miguel Nieto García

Inspired by Lie algebra expansion, we consider an extension of the algebra introduced in arXiv:2203.07386 for the non-relativistic string coset action in AdS$_5\times$S$^5$. We show that the extended algebra admits a non-degenerate inner product which is adjoint invariant under the full extended algebra. Furthermore, we provide a finite-dimensional represent

Christa Cuchiero, Francesca Primavera, Sara Svaluto-Ferro

We prove a universal approximation theorem that allows to approximate continuous functionals of c\`adl\`ag (rough) paths uniformly in time and on compact sets of paths via linear functionals of their time-extended signature. Our main motivation to treat this question comes from signature-based models for finance that allow for the inclusion of jumps. Indeed,

Joseph E. Golec, Shreya Sutariya, Rebecca Jackson, Jerry Zimmerman

We present the design, fabrication, and measured performance of metamaterial Anti-Reflection Cuttings (ARCs) for large-format alumina filters operating over more than an octave of bandwidth to be deployed on the Simons Observatory (SO). The ARC consists of sub-wavelength features diced into the optic's surface using a custom dicing saw with near-micron accur

Cailin Plunkett, Sophie Hourihane, Katerina Chatziioannou

Gravitational-wave parameter estimation for compact binary signals typically relies on sequential estimation of the properties of the detector Gaussian noise and of the binary parameters. This procedure assumes that the noise variance, expressed through its power spectral density, is perfectly known in advance. We assess the impact of this approximation on t

Anindya Biswas

In this paper we construct an exact spherically symmetric black hole solution with a power Yang-Mills (YM) source in the context of $4D$ Einstein Gauss-Bonnet gravity ($4D$ EGB). We choose our source as $(F_{\mu\nu}^{(a)}F^{\mu\nu(a)})^q$, where $q$ is an arbitrary positive real number. Thereafter we study the horizon structure, thermodynamic issues like the

Xabier García-Andrade, Pablo García Tahoces, Jesús Pérez-Ríos, Emilio Martínez Núñez

Different machine learning (ML) models are proposed in the present work to predict DFT-quality barrier heights (BHs) from semiempirical quantum-mechanical (SQM) calculations. The ML models include multi-task deep neural network, gradient boosted trees by means of the XGBoost interface, and Gaussian process regression. The obtained mean absolute errors (MAEs)

Alexander J. Richings, Claude-Andre Faucher-Giguere, Alexander B. Gurvich, Joop Schaye

Interstellar chemistry is important for galaxy formation, as it determines the rate at which gas can cool, and enables us to make predictions for observable spectroscopic lines from ions and molecules. We explore two central aspects of modelling the chemistry of the interstellar medium (ISM): (1) the effects of local stellar radiation, which ionises and heat

B. Balzarini, F. Pugliese, P. Dmitruk

In this work we perform direct numerical simulations of three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics with a background magnetic field, representing solar wind plasma, and introduce test particles to explore how a turbulent electromagnetic environment affects them. Our focus is on the terms of the electric field present in the generalized Omh's Law that are usually

Tianyi Hu, Monika Kwiatkowski, Simon Matern, Olaf Hellwich

In this work, we present a method for landmark retrieval that utilizes global and local features. A Siamese network is used for global feature extraction and metric learning, which gives an initial ranking of the landmark search. We utilize the extracted feature maps from the Siamese architecture as local descriptors, the search results are then further refi

Thomas Kahl

Given a transition system with an independence relation on the alphabet of labels, one can associate with it a usually very large symmetric higher-dimensional automaton. The purpose of this paper is to show that by choosing an acyclic relation whose symmetric closure is the given independence relation, it is possible to construct a much smaller nonsymmetric

Weipeng Chen, Wen Huang

Bloch electrons in multiorbital systems carry quantum geometric information characteristic of their wavevector-dependent interorbital mixing. The geometric nature impacts electromagnetic responses, and this effect carries over to the superconducting state, which receives a geometric contribution to the superfluid weight. In this paper, we show that this cont

D. R. Barron, Z. Ahmed, J. Aguilar, A. J. Anderson

We present the conceptual design of the modular detector and readout system for the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 (CMB-S4) ground-based survey experiment. CMB-S4 will map the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the millimeter-wave sky to unprecedented sensitivity, using 500,000 superconducting detectors observing from Chile and Antarctica to map over

Matan Lotem, Eran Sela, Moshe Goldstein

The interplay between the Kondo screening of quantum impurities (by the electronic channels to which they couple) and the interimpurity RKKY interactions (mediated by the same channels) has been extensively studied. However, the effect of unidirectional channels (e.g., chiral or helical edge modes of 2D topological materials) which greatly restrict the media

Aldo R. Fernandes Neto, Alfredo M. Ozorio de Almeida, Olivier Brodier

The exact solution of the Lindblad equation with a quadratic Hamiltonian and linear coupling operators was derived within the chord representation, that is, for the Fourier transform of the Wigner function, also known as the characteristic function. It is here generalized for several degrees of freedom, so as to provide an explicit expression for the reduced

Callum R. T. Jones, Mikhail Solon

We present a general framework for calculating post-Minskowskian, classical, conservative Hamiltonians for $N$ non-spinning bodies in general relativity from relativistic scattering amplitudes. Novel features for $N>2$ are described including the subtraction of tree-like iteration contributions and the calculation of non-trivial many-body Fourier transform i

Leonardo Chataignier, Alexander Yu. Kamenshchik, Alessandro Tronconi, Giovanni Venturi

We consider a procedure of elimination of cosmological singularities similar to that suggested in the recent paper by Simpson and Visser for the construction of regular black holes. It is shown that by imposing a non-singular cosmological evolution with a bounce in a flat Friedmann universe filled with a minimally coupled scalar field, we obtain a transition

Sebabrata Mukherjee, Mikael C. Rechtsman

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a family of Floquet solitons in the bulk of a photonic topological insulator that have double the period of the drive. Our experimental system consists of a periodically-modulated honeycomb lattice of optical waveguides fabricated by femtosecond laser writing. We employ a Kerr nonlinearity in which self-focusing give

V. Pelgrims, G. V. Panopoulou, K. Tassis, V. Pavlidou

We present the first Bayesian method for tomographic decomposition of the plane-of-sky orientation of the magnetic field with the use of stellar polarimetry and distance. This standalone tomographic inversion method presents an important step forward in reconstructing the magnetized interstellar medium (ISM) in 3D within dusty regions. We develop a model in

Clarke J. Esmerian, Nickolay Y. Gnedin

We introduce a model for the explicit evolution of interstellar dust in a cosmological galaxy formation simulation. We post-process a simulation from the Cosmic Reionization on Computers project (CROC, Gnedin 2014), integrating an ordinary differential equation for the evolution of the dust-to-gas ratio along pathlines in the simulation sampled with a tracer

A. Bermudez Martinez, F. Hautmann, M. L. Mangano

One of the main theoretical systematics in studies of final states with large jet multiplicities at high-energy hadron colliders is associated with the merging of QCD parton showers and hard-scattering matrix elements. We present a method to incorporate the physics of transverse momentum recoils due to initial-state shower evolution into multi-jet merging al

Pol Alonso-Cuevillas Ferrer, Oleg M. Yevtushenko, Andreas Weichselbaum

Two spatially separated magnetic impurities coupled to itinerant electrons give rise to a dynamically generated exchange (RKKY) inter-impurity interaction that competes with the individual Kondo screening of the impurities. It has been recently shown by Yevtushenko and Yudson (2018), that the RKKY interaction and the RKKY vs. Kondo competition become nontriv

Benjamin Nachman, Stefan Prestel

We develop EventMover, a differentiable parton shower event generator. This tool generates high- and variable-length scattering events that can be moved with simulation derivatives to change the value of the scale $\Lambda_\mathrm{QCD}$ defining the strong coupling constant, without introducing statistical variations between samples. To demonstrate the poten

M. Lencsés, G. Mussardo, G. Takács

We study the decay of the false vacuum in the scaling Ising and tricritical Ising field theories using the Truncated Conformal Space Approach and compare the numerical results to theoretical predictions in the thin wall limit. In the Ising case, the results are consistent with previous studies on the quantum spin chain and the $\varphi^4$ quantum field theor

Florent Baume, Jonathan J. Heckman, Craig Lawrie

Nearly all 6D superconformal field theories (SCFTs) have a partial tensor branch description in terms of a generalized quiver gauge theory consisting of a long one-dimensional spine of quiver nodes with links given by conformal matter; a strongly coupled generalization of a bifundamental hypermultiplet. For theories obtained from M5-branes probing an ADE sin

Matthias J. Bayerbach, Simone E. D'Aurelio, Peter van Loock, Stefanie Barz

Bell-state projections serve as a fundamental basis for most quantum communication and computing protocols today. However, with current Bell-state measurement schemes based on linear optics, only two of four Bell states can be identified, which means that the maximum success probability of this vital step cannot exceed $50\%$. Here, we experimentally demonst

Aritra Kumar Gon, Rishi Khatri

We study the E and B mode polarisation of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) originating from the transverse peculiar velocity of free electrons, at second order in perturbation theory, during the reionisation and post-reionisation eras. Interestingly, the spectrum of this polarised kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect can be decomposed into a blackbody

Prasun Dhang, Xue-Ning Bai, Christopher J. White

Large-scale magnetic fields play a vital role in determining the angular momentum transport and generating jets/outflows in the accreting systems, yet their origin remains poorly understood. We focus on radiatively inefficient accretion flows (RIAFs) around the black holes (BHs), and conduct three-dimensional general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD)

Jinchen Zhao, Myung-Joong Hwang

We consider a one-dimensional Dicke lattice with complex photon hopping amplitudes and investigate the influence of time-reversal symmetry breaking due to synthetic magnetic fields. We show that, by tuning the total flux threading the lattice with a periodic boundary condition, the universality class of superradiant phase transition (SPT) changes from that o

Jonathan J. Heckman, Austin Joyce, Jeremy Sakstein, Mark Trodden

We explore potential uses of physics formulated in Kleinian (i.e., $2+2$) signature spacetimes as a tool for understanding properties of physics in Lorentzian (i.e., $3+1$) signature. Much as Euclidean (i.e., $4+0$) signature quantities can be used to formally construct the ground state wavefunction of a Lorentzian signature quantum field theory, a similar a

Anna Genina, Alis Deason, Carlos Frenk

We investigate the build-up of the accreted stellar and dark matter haloes of Milky Way-like galaxies in APOSTLE suite of cosmological hydrodynamics simulations. We show that the stellar halo is made up primarily of stars stripped from a small number of massive dwarfs, most of which are disrupted by the present day. The dark matter halo, on the other hand, i

E. Asencio, I. Banik, S. Mieske, A. Venhola

Due to their low surface brightness, dwarf galaxies are particularly susceptible to tidal forces. The expected degree of disturbance depends on the assumed gravity law and whether they have a dominant dark halo. This makes dwarf galaxies useful for testing different gravity models. In this project, we use the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) dwarf galaxy catalogue t

Waleed Abdallah, Raj Gandhi, Samiran Roy

In recent times, several experiments have observed results that are in significant conflict with the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). Two neutrino experiments, LSND and MiniBooNE (MB) have reported electron-like signal excesses above backgrounds. Both the Brookhaven and the Fermilab muon $g-2$ collaborations have measured values of this parameter whic

Iva Laginja, Pablo Robles, Kevin Barjot, Lucie Leboulleux

Laboratory testbeds are an integral part of conducting research and developing technology for high-contrast imaging and extreme adaptive optics. There are a number of laboratory groups around the world that use and develop resources that are imminently required for their operations, such as software and hardware controls. The CAOTIC (Community of Adaptive Op

Shruti Paranjape, Jaroslav Trnka, Minshan Zheng

In this paper, we study non-adjacent BCFW recursion relations and their connection to positive geometry. For an adjacent BCFW shift, the $n$-point N$^k$MHV tree-level amplitude in ${\cal N}=4$ SYM theory is expressed as a sum over planar on-shell diagrams, corresponding to canonical dlog forms on the cells in the positive Grassmannian $G_+(k,n)$. Non-adjacen

Chad Bustard, S. Peng Oh

Subsonic, compressive turbulence transfers energy to cosmic rays (CRs), a process known as non-resonant reacceleration. It is often invoked to explain observed ratios of primary to secondary CRs at $\sim \rm GeV$ energies, assuming wholly diffusive CR transport. However, such estimates ignore the impact of CR self-confinement and streaming. We study these is

Nickolay Y. Gnedin, Piero Madau

The transformation of cold neutral intergalactic hydrogen into a highly ionized warm plasma marks the end of the cosmic dark ages and the beginning of the age of galaxies. The details of this process reflect the nature of the early sources of radiation and heat, the statistical characteristics of the large-scale structure of the Universe, the thermodynamics

Nathan Benjamin, Cyuan-Han Chang

Using the technology of harmonic analysis, we derive a crossing equation that acts only on the scalar primary operators of any two-dimensional conformal field theory with $U(1)^c$ symmetry. From this crossing equation, we derive bounds on the scalar gap of all such theories. Rather remarkably, our crossing equation contains information about all nontrivial z

H. F. Stevance, S. Ghodla, S. Richards, J. J. Eldridge

The recent discovery of an unambiguous quiescent BH and main sequence O star companion in VFTS 243 opens the door to new constraints on theoretical stellar evolution and population models looking to reproduce the progenitors of black hole - black hole binaries. Here we show that the Binary Population and Spectral Synthesis fiducial models (BPASSv2.2.1) nativ

Hsiang-Chih Hwang

The formation of close binaries has been an open question for decades. A large fraction of close binaries are in triple systems, suggesting that their formation may be associated with the Kozai-Lidov mechanism. However, this picture remains under debate because the configurations of many observed triples are unlikely to trigger the Kozai-Lidov mechanism. In

Jordan Cotler, Thomas Schuster, Masoud Mohseni

We establish that there are properties of quantum many-body dynamics which are efficiently learnable if we are given access to out-of-time-order correlators (OTOCs), but which require exponentially many operations in the system size if we can only measure time-ordered correlators. This implies that any experimental protocol which reconstructs OTOCs solely fr

Nora Shipp, Nondh Panithanpaisal, Lina Necib, Robyn Sanderson

We present the first detailed study comparing the populations of stellar streams in cosmological simulations to observed Milky Way dwarf galaxy streams. In particular, we compare streams identified around Milky Way analogs in the FIRE-2 simulations to stellar streams observed by the Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopic Survey (S5). For an accurate compariso

Thomas Schuster, Murphy Niu, Jordan Cotler, Thomas O'Brien

Learning the properties of dynamical quantum systems underlies applications ranging from nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantum device characterization. A central challenge in this pursuit is the learning of strongly-interacting systems, where conventional observables decay quickly in time and space, limiting the information that can be learned f

Kathryn Volk, Renu Malhotra

The most distant known trans-Neptunian objects (perihelion distance above 38 au and semimajor axis above 150 au) are of interest for their potential to reveal past, external, or present but unseen perturbers. Realizing this potential requires understanding how the known planets influence their orbital dynamics. We use a recently-developed Poincare mapping ap

Daniel Beltrán Martínez, Felipe J. Llanes-Estrada, Gloria Tejedor-García

Significant absorption of radiation is usually accompanied by refraction. This is not the case for $\gamma$ rays travelling cosmic distances. We show that the real and imaginary parts of the refraction index are indeed commensurable, as they are related by dispersion relations, but when turning to physical observables, the (finite) optical depth is way large

Qiyang Li, Ajay Jain, Pieter Abbeel

Autoregressive generative models can estimate complex continuous data distributions, like trajectory rollouts in an RL environment, image intensities, and audio. Most state-of-the-art models discretize continuous data into several bins and use categorical distributions over the bins to approximate the continuous data distribution. The advantage is that the c

De-An Huang, Zhiding Yu, Anima Anandkumar

We propose MinVIS, a minimal video instance segmentation (VIS) framework that achieves state-of-the-art VIS performance with neither video-based architectures nor training procedures. By only training a query-based image instance segmentation model, MinVIS outperforms the previous best result on the challenging Occluded VIS dataset by over 10% AP. Since MinV

Colin Topping, Ola Michalec, Awais Rashid

Supply chains are increasingly targeted by threat actors. Using a recent taxonomy, we contrast the diverse levels of detail given by national authorities. The threat is commonly acknowledged, but guidance is disjointed. NIST SP 800-161 aligns closely with the taxonomy and offers a potential pathway towards a common set of principles.