November 2022 arXiv papers — page 115

Joel Lamy-Poirier

We introduce Breadth-First Pipeline Parallelism, a novel training schedule which optimizes the combination of pipeline and data parallelism. Breadth-First Pipeline Parallelism lowers training time, cost and memory usage by combining a high GPU utilization with a small batch size per GPU, and by making use of fully sharded data parallelism. Experimentally, we

Xinyu Zhao, Razvan C. Fetecau, Mo Chen

Collaborative autonomous multi-agent systems covering a specified area have many potential applications, such as UAV search and rescue, forest fire fighting, and real-time high-resolution monitoring. Traditional approaches for such coverage problems involve designing a model-based control policy based on sensor data. However, designing model-based controller

Thanh Trung Huynh, Minh Hieu Nguyen, Thanh Tam Nguyen, Phi Le Nguyen

Advances in deep neural network (DNN) architectures have enabled new prediction techniques for stock market data. Unlike other multivariate time-series data, stock markets show two unique characteristics: (i) \emph{multi-order dynamics}, as stock prices are affected by strong non-pairwise correlations (e.g., within the same industry); and (ii) \emph{internal

Changying Ding

We show that for a countable exact group, having positive first $\ell^2$-Betti number implies proper proximality in this sense of \cite{BoIoPe21}. This is achieved by showing a cocycle superrigidty result for Bernoulli shifts of non-properly proximal groups. We also obtain that Bernoulli shifts of countable, nonamenable, i.c.c., exact, non-properly proximal

Xuan Rao, Bo Zhao, Derong Liu

In neural architecture search (NAS) methods based on latent space optimization (LSO), a deep generative model is trained to embed discrete neural architectures into a continuous latent space. In this case, different optimization algorithms that operate in the continuous space can be implemented to search neural architectures. However, the optimization of lat

Enzo Cerullo, Alex J. Sutton, Hayley E. Jones, Olivia Wu

Introduction: Despite their applicability, statistical models used for the meta-analysis of test accuracy require specialised knowledge to implement, with the necessary level of expertise having recently increased. This is due to the development and recommendation to use more sophisticated methods; such as those in Version 2 of the Cochrane Handbook for Syst

Daniel Chan, Colin Ingalls

The local structure of terminal Brauer classes on arithmetic surfaces were classified in [CI21] generalising the classification on geometric surfaces carried out in [CI05]. Part of the interest in these classifications is that it enables the minimal model program to be applied to the noncommutative setting of orders on surfaces. In this paper, we give etale

Parth Nobel, Emmanuel Candès, Stephen Boyd

Stein's unbiased risk estimate (SURE) gives an unbiased estimate of the $\ell_2$ risk of any estimator of the mean of a Gaussian random vector. We focus here on the case when the estimator minimizes a quadratic loss term plus a convex regularizer. For these estimators SURE can be evaluated analytically for a few special cases, and generically using recently

Jinsong Sang, Hongbin Sun, Lei Kou

As an efficient way to integrate multiple distributed energy resources and the user side, a microgrid is mainly faced with the problems of small-scale volatility, uncertainty, intermittency and demand-side uncertainty of DERs. The traditional microgrid has a single form and cannot meet the flexible energy dispatch between the complex demand side and the micr

Ying Qin, Yuan-Zhu Wang, Simone S. Bavera, Shichao Wu

The LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA (LVK) collaboration has announced 90 coalescing binary black holes (BBHs) with $p_{\rm astro} > 50\%$ to date, however, the origin of their formation channels is still an open scientific question. Given various properties of BBHs (BH component masses and individual spins) inferred using the default priors by the LVK, independent gr

Kelvin Summoogum, Debayan Das, Parvati Jayakumar

Gait has been used in clinical and healthcare applications to assess the physical and cognitive health of older adults. Acoustic based gait detection is a promising approach to collect gait data of older adults passively and non-intrusively. However, there has been limited work in developing acoustic based gait detectors that can operate in noisy polyphonic

Russell Tsuchida, Cheng Soon Ong

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and its exponential family extensions have three components: observations, latents and parameters of a linear transformation. We consider a generalised setting where the canonical parameters of the exponential family are a nonlinear transformation of the latents. We show explicit relationships between particular neural netw

Jae Won Choi

For more clinical applications of deep learning models for medical image segmentation, high demands on labeled data and computational resources must be addressed. This study proposes a coarse-to-fine framework with two teacher models and a student model that combines knowledge distillation and cross teaching, a consistency regularization based on pseudo-labe

W. G. Wang, C. Ni, L. R. Shah, X. M. Kou

Magnetic and transport properties are explored in the current perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) spin salves with Cr doped wide band gap semiconductor ZnTe as one of the ferromagnetic electrodes. A negative magnetoresistance is observed in these CPP spin valves at low temperature, with a strong temperature dependence. This effect can be explained by the large diff

Shuo Zhang, Hua-Wei Zhang, Georges Comte, Derek Homeier

To understand the parameter degeneracy of M subdwarf spectra at low resolution, we assemble a large number of spectral features in the wavelength range of 0.6-2.5 {\mu}m with band strength quantified by narrowband indices. Based on the index trends of BT-Settl model sequences, we illustrate how the main atmospheric parameters (Teff, log g, [M/H], and [alpha/

Ayal Taitler, Michael Gimelfarb, Jihwan Jeong, Sriram Gopalakrishnan

We present pyRDDLGym, a Python framework for auto-generation of OpenAI Gym environments from RDDL declerative description. The discrete time step evolution of variables in RDDL is described by conditional probability functions, which fits naturally into the Gym step scheme. Furthermore, since RDDL is a lifted description, the modification and scaling up of e

Mukremin Kilic, Adam G. Moss, Alekzander Kosakowski, P. Bergeron

We search for merger products among the 25 most massive white dwarfs in the Montreal White Dwarf Database 100 pc sample through follow-up spectroscopy and high-cadence photometry. We find an unusually high fraction, 40%, of magnetic white dwarfs among this population. In addition, we identify four outliers in transverse velocity and detect rapid rotation in

Jingjing Zou, Lori B. Daniels, Karen Messer, Daniel Rabinowitz

Under two-phase designs, the outcome and several covariates and confounders are measured in the first phase, and a new predictor of interest, which may be costly to collect, can be measured on a subsample in the second phase, without incurring the costs of recruiting subjects. By using the information gathered in the first phase, the second-phase subsample c

Vinit Kumar Chugh, Arturo di Girolamo, Venkatramana D. Krishna, Kai Wu

Nowadays, there is a growing interest in the field of magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS)-based bioassays. MPS monitors the dynamic magnetic response of surface-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) upon excitation by an alternating magnetic field (AMF) to detect various target analytes. This technology has flourished in the past decade due to its lo

Vytenis Šliogeris, Leandros Maglaras, Sotiris Moschoyiannis

Probabilistic Boolean Networks have been proposed for estimating the behaviour of dynamical systems as they combine rule-based modelling with uncertainty principles. Inferring PBNs directly from gene data is challenging however, especially when data is costly to collect and/or noisy, e.g., in the case of gene expression profile data. In this paper, we presen

Yan Cao, Guangming Jing, Rong Luo, Vahan Mkrtchyan

Mkrtchyan and Steffen [J. Graph Theory, 70 (4), 473--482, 2012] showed that every class II simple graph can be decomposed into a maximum $\Delta$-edge-colorable subgraph and a matching. They further conjectured that every graph $G$ with chromatic index $\Delta(G)+k$ ($k\geq 1$) can be decomposed into a maximum $\Delta(G)$-edge-colorable subgraph (not necessa

Talha Mushtaq, Diganta Bhattacharjee, Peter Seiler, Maziar S. Hemati

The structured singular value (SSV), or mu, is used to assess the robust stability and performance of an uncertain linear time-invariant system. Existing algorithms compute upper and lower bounds on the SSV for structured uncertainties that contain repeated (real or complex) scalars and/or non-repeated complex full blocks. This paper presents algorithms to c

David Newstein

The assumption that the sampling distribution of the crude odds ratio (ORcrude) is a log-normal distribution with parameters mu and sigma leads to the incorrect conclusion that the expectation of the log of ORcrude is equal to the parameter mu. In fact, exp(mu) is the median of the lognormal distribution, not the mean. If a different parameter is obtained as

Patrick dos Anjos, Lucas A. Quaresma, Marcelo L. P. Machado

The viscosity of lead-containing glasses is of fundamental importance for the manufacturing process, and can be predicted by algorithms such as artificial neural networks. The SciGlass database was used to provide training, validation and test data of chemical composition, temperature and viscosity for the construction of artificial neural networks with node

Efthymios Tzinis, Gordon Wichern, Paris Smaragdis, Jonathan Le Roux

Recent research has shown remarkable performance in leveraging multiple extraneous conditional and non-mutually exclusive semantic concepts for sound source separation, allowing the flexibility to extract a given target source based on multiple different queries. In this work, we propose a new optimal condition training (OCT) method for single-channel target

Pragalv Karki, Jayson Paulose

Dispersionless flat bands can be classified into two types: (1) non-singular flat bands whose eigenmodes are completely characterized by compact localized states; and (2) singular flat bands that have a discontinuity in their Bloch eigenfunctions at a band touching point with an adjacent dispersive band, thereby requiring additional extended states to span t

Carsten Orwat, Jascha Bareis, Anja Folberth, Jutta Jahnel

Recent proposals aiming at regulating artificial intelligence (AI) and automated decision-making (ADM) suggest a particular form of risk regulation, i.e. a risk-based approach. The most salient example is the Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) proposed by the European Commission. The article addresses challenges for adequate risk regulation that arise primari

Julia Slipantschuk, Oscar F. Bandtlow, Wolfram Just

A complete description of resonances for rational toral Anosov diffeomorphisms preserving certain Reinhardt domains is presented. As a consequence it is shown that every homotopy class of two-dimensional Anosov diffeomorphisms contains maps with the sequence of resonances decaying stretched-exponentially. This is achieved by introducing a certain group of ra

Dongting Li

This is an initial manuscript that presents the basic idea of "slightly altruistic Nash equilibrium", "bi-layer game topology", "rolling horizon target selection". This manuscript is just used for peer discussion and joint Ph.D. application affairs rather than submission to any journal. Thus some references are not all provided. The complete paper for submis

A. Yu. Orlov

The generalized Mironov-Morozov-Natanson (MMN) equation includes a set of commuting operators, which can be considered as Hamiltonians for the quantum Calogero-Sutherland problem with a special value of the coupling constant (free fermion point). These Hamiltonians can be considered as the center of the enveloping algebra of the group $GL_N(C)$. Another comm

Jing Shuang Li, Anish A. Sarma, Terrence J. Sejnowski, John C. Doyle

Animals move smoothly and reliably in unpredictable environments. Models of sensorimotor control have assumed that sensory information from the environment leads to actions, which then act back on the environment, creating a single, unidirectional perception-action loop. This loop contains internal delays in sensory and motor pathways, which can lead to unst

Devi V. Ambika, Qing-Ping Ding, Sebin J. Sebastian, Ramesh Nath

$^{31}$P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements have been carried out to investigate the magnetic properties and spin dynamics of Fe$^{3+}$ ($S$ = 5/2) spins in the two-dimensional triangular lattice (TL) compound Na$_3$Fe(PO$_4$)$_2$. The temperature ($T$) dependence of nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rates ($1/T_1$) shows a clear peak around N\'eel

Suvodeep Majumder, Joymallya Chakraborty, Tim Menzies

Labeling a module defective or non-defective is an expensive task. Hence, there are often limits on how much-labeled data is available for training. Semi-supervised classifiers use far fewer labels for training models. However, there are numerous semi-supervised methods, including self-labeling, co-training, maximal-margin, and graph-based methods, to name a

V. V. Barinov

We provide a correlation analysis of signatures associated with traces of the dark matter decay and the galaxy spatial distribution according to the 2MRS catalog of galaxies. Signature data analysis plays an important role in the context of current and future observations and cosmological constraints. Attention is paid to the constraints that can be obtained

Jacqueline Wentz, Alireza Doostan

Recent advances in the field of data-driven dynamics allow for the discovery of ODE systems using state measurements. One approach, known as Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy), assumes the dynamics are sparse within a predetermined basis in the states and finds the expansion coefficients through linear regression with sparsity constraints. T

P. A. Glendinning, D. J. W. Simpson

Chaotic attractors commonly contain periodic solutions with unstable manifolds of different dimensions. This allows for a zoo of dynamical phenomena not possible for hyperbolic attractors. The purpose of this Letter is to demonstrate these phenomena in the border-collision normal form. This is a continuous, piecewise-linear family of maps that is physically

Yuri Bakhtin, Douglas Dow

We consider $(1+1)$-dimensional directed polymers in a random potential and provide sufficient conditions guaranteeing joint localization. Joint localization means that for typical realizations of the environment, and for polymers started at different starting points, all the associated endpoint distributions localize in a common random region that does not

Nikita Jalodia, Mohit Taneja, Alan Davy

Recent advancements in the rollout of 5G and 6G have led to the emergence of a new range of latency-critical applications delivered via a Network Function Virtualization (NFV) enabled paradigm of flexible and softwarized communication networks. Evolving verticals like telecommunications, smart grid, virtual reality (VR), industry 4.0, automated vehicles, etc

Dmitry Badziahin, Cameron Eggins

We provide a number of conditions on the rational numbers $u$ and $v$ which ensure that the Laurent series $g_{u,v}(x):=\prod_{t=0}^\infty (1+ux^{-3^t} + vx^{-2\cdot 3^t})$ is badly approximable.

A. Restuccia, A. Sotomayor

We consider the BRST invariant effective action of the non-abelian BF topological theory in $1+1$ dimensions with gauge group $Sl(2,\mathbb{R})$. By considering different gauge fixing conditions, the zero-curvature field equation give rise to several well known integrable equations. We prove that each integrable equation together with the associated ghost fi

Emilio Ferrara

The issue of quantifying and characterizing various forms of social media manipulation and abuse has been at the forefront of the computational social science research community for over a decade. In this paper, I provide a (non-comprehensive) survey of research efforts aimed at estimating the prevalence of spam and false accounts on Twitter, as well as char

Alesi A. de Paula, Davide M. Raimondo, Guilherme V. Raffo, Bruno O. S. Teixeira

This paper proposes a new state estimator for discrete-time nonlinear dynamical systems with unknown-but-bounded uncertainties and state linear inequality and nonlinear equality constraints. Our algorithm is based on constrained zonotopes (CZs) and on a DC programming approach (DC stands for difference of convex functions). Recently, mean value extension and

Peter Koymans, Nick Rome

For any abelian group $A$, we prove an asymptotic formula for the number of $A$-extensions $K/\mathbb{Q}$ of bounded discriminant such that the associated norm one torus $R_{K/\mathbb{Q}}^1 \mathbb{G}_m$ satisfies weak approximation. We are also able to produce new results on the Hasse norm principle and to provide new explicit values for the leading constan

Dibyendu Sardar, Arthur Christianen, Hui Li, John L. Bohn

A full six-dimensional Born-Oppenheimer singlet potential energy surface is constructed for the reaction CaF + CaF $\rightarrow$ CaF$_2$ + Ca using a multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) electronic structure calculation. The {\it ab initio} data thus calculated are interpolated by Gaussian process (GP) regression. The four-body potential energy su

Christina Giannoula

Irregular applications comprise an increasingly important workload domain for many fields, including bioinformatics, chemistry, physics, social sciences and machine learning. Therefore, achieving high performance and energy efficiency in the execution of emerging irregular applications is of vital importance. This dissertation studies the root causes of inef

Nikolay Bobev, Thomas Hertog, Junho Hong, Joel Karlsson

We calculate quantum corrections to the entropy of four-dimensional de Sitter space induced by higher-derivative terms in the gravitational action and by one-loop effects. Employing the intertwinement in semiclassical gravity of Euclidean de Sitter and anti-de Sitter saddles, we embed effective de Sitter gravity theories in M-theory and express the entropy i

Julia Chuzhoy, Mina Dalirrooyfard, Vadim Grinberg, Zihan Tan

We propose a new conjecture on hardness of low-degree $2$-CSP's, and show that new hardness of approximation results for Densest $k$-Subgraph and several other problems, including a graph partitioning problem, and a variation of the Graph Crossing Number problem, follow from this conjecture. The conjecture can be viewed as occupying a middle ground between t

AseshKrishna Datta, Monoranjan Guchait, Arnab Roy, Subhojit Roy

We study the prospects of a simultaneous hunt at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) of relatively light electroweakinos and a singlet-like scalar of the $Z_3$-symmetric Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model ($Z_3$-NMSSM) in the cascade decays of not so heavy ($\lesssim 1.5$ TeV) top squarks that are produced in pairs at the LHC which characteristically

Maxime Beauchamp, Quentin Febvre, Hugo Georgentum, Ronan Fablet

The reconstruction of sea surface currents from satellite altimeter data is a key challenge in spatial oceanography, especially with the upcoming wide-swath SWOT (Surface Ocean and Water Topography) altimeter mission. Operational systems however generally fail to retrieve mesoscale dynamics for horizontal scales below 100km and time-scale below 10 days. Here

Geunyeong Byeon, Kaiwen Fang, Kibaek Kim

This paper studies two-stage distributionally robust conic linear programming under constraint uncertainty over type-1 Wasserstein balls. We present optimality conditions for the dual of the worst-case expectation problem, which characterizes worst-case uncertain parameters for its inner maximization problem. This condition offers an alternative proof, a cou

Runze Cheng, Yao Sun, Lina Mohjazi, Ying-Chang Liang

In a space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN), managing resources for the growing number of highly-dynamic and heterogeneous radios is a challenging task. Symbiotic communication (SC) is a novel paradigm, which leverages the analogy of the natural ecosystem in biology to create a radio ecosystem in wireless networks that achieves cooperative service excha

Jose Ricra, Alejandro Gangui

The Caral civilization developed on the north-central coast of Peru and had an occupation period between 2870 and 1970 years BC. The first studies carried out in the field of archaeoastronomy showed evidence of possible astronomical orientations in some buildings of its capital city, the Ciudad Sagrada de Caral. However, methodological issues cast doubt on t

Virgile Dandoy, Junho Park, Kyle Augustson, Aurélie Astoul

The dissipation of tidal inertial waves in planetary and stellar convective regions is one of the key mechanisms that drive the evolution of star-planet/planet-moon systems. In this context, the interaction between tidal inertial waves and turbulent convective flows must be modelled in a realistic and robust way. In the state-of-the-art simulations, the fric

Gordon J. Koehn, Ravindra T. Desai, Emma E. Davies, Robert J. Forsyth

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the largest type of eruptions on the Sun and the main driver of severe space weather at the Earth. In this study, we implement a force-free spheromak CME description within 3-D magnetohydrodynamic simulations to parametrically evaluate successive interacting CMEs within a representative heliosphere. We explore CME-CME intera

Anna Uryson

We discuss the influence of extragalactic magnetic fields on the intensity of gamma-ray emission produced in electromagnetic cascades from ultra-high energy cosmic rays propagating in extragalactic space. Both cosmic rays and cascade particles propagate mostly out of galaxies, galactic clusters, and large scale structures as their relative volume is small. T

David R. Ardila, Evgenya Shkolnik, Paul Scowen, Daniel Jacobs

Seventy-five billion low-mass stars in our galaxy host at least one small planet in their habitable zone (HZ). The stellar ultraviolet (UV) radiation received by the planets is strong and highly variable, and has consequences for atmospheric loss, composition, and habitability. SPARCS is a NASA-funded mission to characterize the quiescent and flare UV emissi

Derek Colley, Md Asaduzzaman

Aggregation in relational databases is accomplished through hashing and sorting interval data, which is computationally expensive and scales poorly as the data volumes grow. In this paper, we show how quantitative interval and time-series data in relational attributes can be represented using delta summary values rather than absolute values. The need for sor

Zhecan Wang, Haoxuan You, Yicheng He, Wenhao Li

Visual commonsense understanding requires Vision Language (VL) models to not only understand image and text but also cross-reference in-between to fully integrate and achieve comprehension of the visual scene described. Recently, various approaches have been developed and have achieved high performance on visual commonsense benchmarks. However, it is unclear

Phanuel Mariano, Jing Wang

Assuming the heat kernel on a doubling Dirichlet metric measure space has a sub-Gaussian bound, we prove an asymptotically sharp spectral upper bound on the survival probability of the associated diffusion process. As a consequence, we can show that the supremum of the mean exit time over all starting points is finite if and only if the bottom of the spectru

Yanlai Chen, Bo Dong, Rebecca Pereira

We design, analyze, and implement a new conservative Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for the simulation of solitary wave solutions to the generalized Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) Equation. The key feature of our method is the conservation, at the numerical level, of the mass, energy and Hamiltonian that are conserved by exact solutions of all KdV equations. To

Arash Tavassoli, Mina Papahn Zadeh, Andrei Smolyakov, Magdi Shoucri

The linear and nonlinear characteristics of the electron cyclotron drift instability (ECDI) have been studied through the particle-in-cell (PIC) and continuum Vlasov simulation methods in connection with the effects of the azimuthal length (in the $E \times B$ direction) on the simulations. Simulation results for a long azimuthal length (17.82 cm $= 627\;v_d

Sándor P. Fekete, Dominik Krupke, Michael Perk, Christian Rieck

For a given polygonal region $P$, the Lawn Mowing Problem (LMP) asks for a shortest tour $T$ that gets within Euclidean distance 1 of every point in $P$; this is equivalent to computing a shortest tour for a unit-disk cutter $C$ that covers all of $P$. As a geometric optimization problem of natural practical and theoretical importance, the LMP generalizes an

Peter Humphries, Asbjørn Christian Nordentoft

Duke, Imamo\=glu, and T\'oth have recently constructed a new geometric invariant, a hyperbolic orbifold, associated to each narrow ideal class of a real quadratic field. Furthermore, they have shown that the projection of these hyperbolic orbifolds onto the modular surface $\Gamma \backslash \mathbb{H}$ equidistributes on average over a genus of the narrow c

Mladen Jurak, Leonid Pankratov, Anja Vrbaški

The paper is devoted to the derivation, by linearization, of simplified (fully homogenized) homogenized models of an immiscible incompressible two-phase flow in double porosity media in the case of thin fissures. In a simplified dual porosity model derived previously by the authors the matrix-fracture source term is approximated by a convolution type source

Jinxin Zhou

In this paper, all graphs are assumed to be finite. For $s\geq 1$ and a graph $\G$, if for every pair of isomorphic connected induced subgraphs on at most $s$ vertices there exists an automorphism of $\G$ mapping the first to the second, then we say that $\G$ is $s$-connected-set-homogeneous, and if every isomorphism between two isomorphic connected induced

Zbigniew Slodkowski

Replying to three questions posed by N. Shcherbina, we show that a compact psudoconcave set can have the core smaller than itself, that the core of a compact set must be pseudoconcave, and that it can be decomposed into compact pseudoconcave sets on which all smooth plurisubharmonic functions are constant.

Divyansh Agarwal, Alexander R. Fabbri, Simeng Han, Wojciech Kryściński

This paper introduces the shared task of summarizing documents in several creative domains, namely literary texts, movie scripts, and television scripts. Summarizing these creative documents requires making complex literary interpretations, as well as understanding non-trivial temporal dependencies in texts containing varied styles of plot development and na

Felipe Augusto O. Silveira, Anne Kétri P. da Fonseca, Peter Schmelcher, Denis G. Ladeira

We explore Fermi acceleration in a driven oval billiard which shows unlimited to limited diffusion in energy when passing from the free to the dissipative case. We provide evidence for a second-order phase transition taking place while detuning the corresponding restitution coefficient from one responsible for the degree of dissipation. A corresponding order

Luis Carlos Rivera Monroy, Leonhard Rist, Martin Eberhardt, Christian Ostalecki

Histopathology imaging is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases. For this reason, computer-assisted approaches have gained popularity and shown promising results in tasks such as segmentation and classification of skin disorders. However, collecting essential data and sufficiently high-quality annotations is a challenge. This work describe

Bardia Safaei, Vibashan VS, Celso M. de Melo, Shuowen Hu

Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) is a category of computer vision algorithms which attempts to recognize targets on data obtained from different sensors. ATR algorithms are extensively used in real-world scenarios such as military and surveillance applications. Existing ATR algorithms are developed for traditional closed-set methods where training and test

Marco Kuhlen, Vo Hong Minh Phan, Philipp Mertsch

The transport of high-energy particles in the presence of small-scale, turbulent magnetic fields is a long-standing issue in astrophysics. Analytical theories on transport perpendicular to the large-scale magnetic field disagree with numerical simulations at rigidities where the particles' gyroradii are slightly smaller than the correlation length of turbule

Marco Kuhlen, Vo Hong Minh Phan, Philipp Mertsch

The transport of non-thermal particles across a large-scale magnetic field in the presence of magnetised turbulence has been a long-standing issue in high-energy astrophysics. Of particular interest is the dependence of the parallel and perpendicular mean free paths $\lambda_{\parallel}$ and $\lambda_{\perp}$ on rigidity $\mathcal{R}$. We have revisited this

Miranda Boutilier, Konstantin Brenner, Victorita Dolean

We consider a new coarse space for the ASM and RAS preconditioners to solve elliptic partial differential equations on perforated domains, where the numerous polygonal perforations represent structures such as walls and buildings in urban data. With the eventual goal of modelling urban floods by means of the nonlinear Diffusive Wave equation, this contributi

S. Amir H. Motaman, Dilay Kibaroglu

Additively manufactured (AM) metals exhibit highly complex microstructures, particularly with respect to grain morphology which typically features heterogeneous grain size distribution, anomalous and anisotropic grain shapes, and the so-called columnar grains. In general, the conventional morphological descriptors are not suitable to represent complex and an

Domingos S. P. Salazar

The Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation (TUR) is a lower bound for the variance of a current as a function of the average entropy production and average current. Depending on the assumptions, one obtains different versions of the TUR. For instance, from the exchange fluctuation theorem, one obtains a corresponding exchange TUR. Alternatively, we show that TUR

N. Yasumura, T. Kobayashi, H. Taniguchi, S. Fukuoka

We present the results of $^{69,71}$Ga-NMR measurements on an organic antiferromagnet $\lambda$-(BEDSe-TTF)$_2$GaCl$_4$ [BEDSe-TTF=bis(ethylenediseleno)tetrathiafulvalene], with comparison to reports on $\lambda$-(BETS)$_2$GaCl$_4$ [BETS=bis(ethylenedithio)tetraselenafulvalene] [T. Kobayashi et al., Phys. Rev. B 102, 235131 (2020)]. We found that the dynamic

Scott Hiatt

Let $\textbf{H} = ((H, F^{\bullet}), L)$ be a polarized variation of Hodge structure on a smooth quasi-projective variety $U.$ By M. Saito's theory of mixed Hodge modules, the variation of Hodge structure $\textbf{H}$ can be viewed as a polarized Hodge module $\mathcal{M} \in HM(U).$ Let $X$ be a compactification of $U,$ and $j:U \hookrightarrow X$ is the na

Jasmine Roberts, Andrzej Banburski-Fahey, Jaron Lanier

Large language models trained for code generation can be applied to speaking virtual worlds into existence (creating virtual worlds). In this work we show that prompt-based methods can both accelerate in-VR level editing, as well as can become part of gameplay rather than just part of game development. As an example, we present Codex VR Pong which shows non-

A. S. Chernyshov, G. Kh. Eyyubova, V. L. Korotkikh, I. P. Lokhtin

Data from the Large Hadron Collider on the charge balance function in Pb+Pb collisions at center-of-mass energy 2.76~TeV per nucleon pair are analyzed and interpreted within the framework of the \hydjet++ model. This model allows us to qualitatively reproduce the experimentally observed centrality dependence of the balance function widths at relatively low t

Sadaf Ul Zuhra, Samir M. Perlaza, H. Vincent Poor, Mikael Skoglund

This paper characterizes the trade-offs between information and energy transmission over an additive white Gaussian noise channel in the finite block-length regime with finite sets of channel input symbols. These trade-offs are characterized using impossibility and achievability bounds on the information transmission rate, energy transmission rate, decoding

Thomas Planche, Richard A. Baartman, Hui Wen Koay, Yi-Nong Rao

Compact H$^-$ cyclotrons are used all across the globe to produce medical isotopes. Machines with external ion sources have demonstrated average extracted currents on the order of a few mA, although reported operational numbers are typically around 1\,mA or below. To explore the possibility of extracting even more current from such cyclotrons, it is importan

Chen Zhou, Mohit Prabhushankar, Ghassan AlRegib

Humans exhibit disagreement during data labeling. We term this disagreement as human label uncertainty. In this work, we study the ramifications of human label uncertainty (HLU). Our evaluation of existing uncertainty estimation algorithms, with the presence of HLU, indicates the limitations of existing uncertainty metrics and algorithms themselves in respon

A. M. Maniero, F. V. Prudente, C. R. de Carvalho, Ginette Jalbert

We have considered a system consisting of two coupled quantum dots containing two electrons, i.e., two quantum dots next to each other with one excess electron each, subjected to an uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the quantum dots plane. The effect of different confinement potential profiles under which the electrons are subjected is studied. This st

Yifan Peng, Siddhant Arora, Yosuke Higuchi, Yushi Ueda

Collecting sufficient labeled data for spoken language understanding (SLU) is expensive and time-consuming. Recent studies achieved promising results by using pre-trained models in low-resource scenarios. Inspired by this, we aim to ask: which (if any) pre-training strategies can improve performance across SLU benchmarks? To answer this question, we employ f

Cian C. Reeves, Jia Yin, Yuanran Zhu, Khaled Z. Ibrahim

The HF-GKBA offers an approximate numerical procedure for propagating the two-time non-equilibrium Green's function(NEGF). Here we compare the HF-GKBA to exact results for a variety of systems with long and short-range interactions, different two-body interaction strengths and various non-equilibrium preparations. We find excellent agreement between the HF-G

Mahsa Farjadnia, Amr Alanwar, Muhammad Umar B. Niazi, Marco Molinari

This work proposes a robust data-driven predictive control approach for unknown nonlinear systems in the presence of bounded process and measurement noise. Data-driven reachable sets are employed for the controller design instead of using an explicit nonlinear system model. Although the process and measurement noise are bounded, the statistical properties of

Ivan Tanasijevic, Eric Lauga

Biological and artificial microswimmers often self-propel in external flows of vortical nature; relevant examples include algae in small-scale ocean eddies, spermatozoa in uterine peristaltic flows and bacteria in microfluidic devices. A recent experiment has shown that swimming bacteria in model vortices are expelled from the vortex all the way to a well-de

Meghan Booker, Anirudha Majumdar

Motivated by the goal of endowing robots with a means for focusing attention in order to operate reliably in complex, uncertain, and time-varying environments, we consider how a robot can (i) determine which portions of its environment to pay attention to at any given point in time, (ii) infer changes in context (e.g., task or environment dynamics), and (iii

Chen Wu, Aaron J. Ridley

The Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite has been making observations of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region for two decades. The TIMED Doppler Interferometer (TIDI) measures the neutral winds using four orthogonal telescopes. In this study, the line of sight (LOS) winds from individual telescopes are co

Yishu Zhou, Freek Ruesink, Shai Gertler, Haotian Cheng

Strong coupling enables a diverse set of applications that include optical memories, non-magnetic isolators, photonic state manipulation, and signal processing. To date, strong coupling in integrated platforms has been realized using narrow-linewidth high-Q optical resonators. In contrast, here we demonstrate wideband strong coupling between two photonic ban

Georges Chabouh, Benjamin van Elburg, Michel Versluis, Tim Segers

Collapse of lipidic ultrasound contrast agents under high-frequency compressive load has been historically interpreted by the vanishing of surface tension. By contrast, buckling of elastic shells is known to occur when costly compressible stress is released through bending. Through quasi-static compression experiments on lipidic shells, we analyze the buckli

Michael Gadermayr, Lukas Koller, Maximilian Tschuchnig, Lea Maria Stangassinger

Multiple instance learning exhibits a powerful approach for whole slide image-based diagnosis in the absence of pixel- or patch-level annotations. In spite of the huge size of hole slide images, the number of individual slides is often rather small, leading to a small number of labeled samples. To improve training, we propose and investigate different data a

James Pascaleff

We show that the homotopy theories of differential graded categories and $\mathrm{A}_\infty$-categories over a field are equivalent at the $(\infty,1)$-categorical level. The results are corollaries of a theorem of Canonaco-Ornaghi-Stellari combined with general relationships between different versions of $(\infty,1)$-categories.

Paulo Fonte, Luís Lopes, Rui Alves, Nuno Carolino

We present first results from a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanner demonstrator based on Resistive Plate Chambers and specialized for brain imaging. The device features a 30 cm wide cubic field-of-view and each detector comprises 40 gas gaps with 3D location of the interaction point of the photon. Besides other imagery, we show that the reconstructed

Paweł Klimasara, Marta Tyran-Kamińska

We introduce a mathematical model of savanna vegetation dynamics. The usual approach of nonequilibrium ecology is extended by including the impact of wet and dry seasons. We present and rigorously analyze a model describing a mixed woodland-grassland ecosystem with stochastic environmental noise in the form of vegetation biomass losses manifesting fires. Bot

Odelia Teboul, Nicholas C. Stone, Jeremiah P. Ostriker

A star wandering close enough to a massive black hole (MBH) can be ripped apart by the tidal forces of the black hole. The advent of wide-field surveys at many wavelengths has quickly increased the number of tidal disruption events (TDEs) observed, and has revealed that i) observed TDE rates are lower than theoretical predictions and ii) E+A galaxies are sig

Ovidiu-Cristian Marcu, Pascal Bouvry

Real-time Big Data architectures evolved into specialized layers for handling data streams' ingestion, storage, and processing over the past decade. Layered streaming architectures integrate pull-based read and push-based write RPC mechanisms implemented by stream ingestion/storage systems. In addition, stream processing engines expose source/sink interfaces

Gunnar Carlsson, Benjamin Filippenko, Wyatt Mackey

The evasion paths problem asks when a dynamically changing space can be navigated: imagine guards are patrolling a region, for instance, and we need to stay outside their view. We use the Bousfield-Kan spectral sequence for homotopy inverse limits as a proxy for calculating the homotopy groups of the space of evasion paths. This gives a complete calculation

Zhenqi Wang, Sebastian Wende-von Berg, Martin Braun

Nowadays, the PQ flexibility from the distributed energy resources (DERs) in the high voltage (HV) grids plays a more critical and significant role in grid congestion management in TSO grids. This work proposed a multi-stage deep reinforcement learning approach to estimate the PQ flexibility (PQ area) at the TSO-DSO interfaces and identifies the DER PQ setpo

Abhiram Kolli, Muhammad Jehanzeb Mirza, Horst Possegger, Horst Bischof

Keyless entry systems in cars are adopting neural networks for localizing its operators. Using test-time adversarial defences equip such systems with the ability to defend against adversarial attacks without prior training on adversarial samples. We propose a test-time adversarial example detector which detects the input adversarial example through quantifyi