November 2022 arXiv papers — page 123

S. Mukhopadhyay, L. Rodriguez-Suné, C. Cojocaru, K. Hallman

Notwithstanding its long history, the study of nonlinear optics from metal surfaces is still an active field of research. For instance, in view of the presence of absorption questions remain concerning the possibility of significantly enhancing harmonic conversion efficiencies in the visible and UV ranges. While to many it may seem that metals do not easily

Daliang Li, Ankit Singh Rawat, Manzil Zaheer, Xin Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have led to a series of breakthroughs in natural language processing (NLP), owing to their excellent understanding and generation abilities. Remarkably, what further sets these models apart is the massive amounts of world knowledge they internalize during pretraining. While many downstream applications provide the model with an i

Jyotikrishna Dass, Shang Wu, Huihong Shi, Chaojian Li

Vision Transformer (ViT) has emerged as a competitive alternative to convolutional neural networks for various computer vision applications. Specifically, ViT multi-head attention layers make it possible to embed information globally across the overall image. Nevertheless, computing and storing such attention matrices incurs a quadratic cost dependency on th

Benjamin Howard, Keerthi Madapusi

We construct a family of special cycle classes on the regular integral model of an orthogonal Shimura variety, and show that these cycle classes appear as Fourier coefficients of a Siegel modular form. Passing to the generic fiber of the Shimura variety recovers a result of Bruinier and Raum, originally conjectured by Kudla.

Shahram Talei, Krista Mccord, Jeremy Bailin, Darren J. Croton

We present CoSANG (Coupling Semi-Analytic and N-body Galaxies), a new hybrid model for cosmological dark matter and stellar halo simulations. In this approach a collisionless model (Gadget3) is used for gravitational interactions while a coupled semi-analytic model (SAGE) calculates baryonic effects at each time-step. This live self-consistent interaction at

Subhajit Jana, Amitay Kamber

The \emph{Diophantine exponent} of an action of a group on a homogeneous space, as defined by Ghosh, Gorodnik, and Nevo, quantifies the complexity of approximating the points of the homogeneous space by the points on an orbit of the group. We show that the Diophantine exponent of the $\mathrm{SL}_n(\mathbb{Z}[1/p])$-action on the generalized upper half-space

Patrick Schramowski, Manuel Brack, Björn Deiseroth, Kristian Kersting

Text-conditioned image generation models have recently achieved astonishing results in image quality and text alignment and are consequently employed in a fast-growing number of applications. Since they are highly data-driven, relying on billion-sized datasets randomly scraped from the internet, they also suffer, as we demonstrate, from degenerated and biase

Karthik Comandur, Yunpeng Li, Santosh Nannuru

Particle flow Gaussian particle flow (PFGPF) uses an invertible particle flow to generate a proposal density. It approximates the predictive and posterior distributions as Gaussian densities. In this paper, we use bank of PFGPF filters to construct a Particle flow Gaussian sum particle filter (PFGSPF), which approximates the predictive and posterior as Gauss

Travis M. Bartley, Fei Jia, Krishna C. Puvvada, Samuel Kriman

In this paper, we extend previous self-supervised approaches for language identification by experimenting with Conformer based architecture in a multilingual pre-training paradigm. We find that pre-trained speech models optimally encode language discriminatory information in lower layers. Further, we demonstrate that the embeddings obtained from these layers

Reiner Pope, Sholto Douglas, Aakanksha Chowdhery, Jacob Devlin

We study the problem of efficient generative inference for Transformer models, in one of its most challenging settings: large deep models, with tight latency targets and long sequence lengths. Better understanding of the engineering tradeoffs for inference for large Transformer-based models is important as use cases of these models are growing rapidly throug

Paolo Colciaghi, Yifan Li, Philipp Treutlein, Tilman Zibold

In 1935, Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) conceived a Gedankenexperiment which became a cornerstone of quantum technology and still challenges our understanding of reality and locality today. While the experiment has been realized with small quantum systems, a demonstration of the EPR paradox with spatially separated, massive many-particle systems has so f

BigScience Workshop, :, Teven Le Scao, Angela Fan

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to perform new tasks based on a few demonstrations or natural language instructions. While these capabilities have led to widespread adoption, most LLMs are developed by resource-rich organizations and are frequently kept from the public. As a step towards democratizing this powerful technology, we pres

Farid Thaalba, Georgios Antoniou, Thomas P. Sotiriou

It is known that, for shift-symmetric scalars, only a linear coupling with the Gauss-Bonnet invariant can introduce black hole hair. Such hairy black holes have a minimum mass, determined by the coupling of this interaction, and a scalar charge that is uniquely determined by their mass and spin for a fixed value of that coupling. Here we explore how addition

Wieslaw M. Macek, Dariusz Wojcik, James L. Burch

In our previous studies we have examined solar wind and magnetospheric plasmas turbulence, including Markovian character on large inertial magneto-hydrodynamic scales. Here we present the results of statistical analysis of magnetic field fluctuations in the Earth's magnetosheath based on Magnetospheric Multiscale mission at much smaller kinetic scales. Follo

Mario Vretenar, Jan Klaers

The addition of an optically absorptive layer to otherwise standard dielectric mirrors enables a set of laser direct writing nanostructuring methods that can add functionality to such mirrors while retaining their high reflectivity. These mirrors are particularly suited for use in optical microcavities, where arbitrary potential landscapes for photons may be

Chinmaya Kar, Shuvendu Jena, Dinesh V. Udupa, K. Divakar Rao

Tamm plasmon provides a new avenue in plasmonics of interface states in planar multilayer structures due to its strong light matter interaction. This article reviews the research and development in Tamm plasmon polariton excited at the interface of a metal and a distributed Bragg reflector. Tamm plasmon offers an easy planar solution compared to patterned su

Sacha Jungerman, Atul Ingle, Yin Li, Mohit Gupta

Time-resolved image sensors that capture light at pico-to-nanosecond timescales were once limited to niche applications but are now rapidly becoming mainstream in consumer devices. We propose low-cost and low-power imaging modalities that capture scene information from minimal time-resolved image sensors with as few as one pixel. The key idea is to flood ill

E. R. Johnson, M. N. Crowe

Analysis of satellite altimetry and Argo float data leads Ni et al. (2020, JGR Oceans) to argue that mesoscale dipoles are widespread features of the global ocean having a relatively uniform three-dimensional structure that can lead to strong vertical exchanges. Almost all the features of the composite dipole they construct can be derived from a model for mu

Kiran Kokilepersaud, Mohit Prabhushankar, Ghassan AlRegib

This paper presents a novel positive and negative set selection strategy for contrastive learning of medical images based on labels that can be extracted from clinical data. In the medical field, there exists a variety of labels for data that serve different purposes at different stages of a diagnostic and treatment process. Clinical labels and biomarker lab

Rupert Coy, Aritra Gupta

In an earlier work, we showed that in very simple neutrino portal-like extensions of the Standard Model it is possible to achieve a one-to-one correspondence between dark matter physics and the seesaw parameters controlling the genesis of neutrino masses. Notably, this can occur both when the dark matter is produced via freeze-in and relativistic freeze-out.

Mikhail Shifman

I argue that in large-$N$ supersymmetric QCD infrared renormalons are absent in the conformal window, there is no need in conspiracy, and vacuum expectation values of at least some gluon operators vanish. Basing on this conclusion I conjecture that in supersymmetric gluodynamics (supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory without matter) at least the leading renormalo

Nathan Wycoff, Ali Arab, Katharine M. Donato, Lisa O. Singh

Modern statistical learning algorithms are capable of amazing flexibility, but struggle with interpretability. One possible solution is sparsity: making inference such that many of the parameters are estimated as being identically 0, which may be imposed through the use of nonsmooth penalties such as the $\ell_1$ penalty. However, the $\ell_1$ penalty introd

Fraser Kennedy, Philip Bull, Michael Wilensky, Jacob Burba

Radio interferometers designed to probe the 21cm signal from Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionisation must contend with systematic effects that make it difficult to achieve sufficient dynamic range to separate the 21cm signal from foreground emission and other effects. For instance, the instrument's chromatic response modulates the otherwise spectrally smoo

Maram Hasanain, Tamer Elsayed

Misinformation spread over social media has become an undeniable infodemic. However, not all spreading claims are made equal. If propagated, some claims can be destructive, not only on the individual level, but to organizations and even countries. Detecting claims that should be prioritized for fact-checking is considered the first step to fight against spre

Nima Tatari

This letter explains an algorithm for finding a set of base functions. The method aims to capture the leading behavior of the dataset in terms of a few base functions. Implementation of the A-star search will help find these functions, while the gradient descent optimizes the parameters of the functions at each search step. We will show the resulting plots t

Moisés García Chamorro, Vicente Garzó

Two different kinetic theories [J. Solsvik and E. Manger (SM-theory), Phys. Fluids \textbf{33}, 043321 (2021) and V. Garz\'o, J. W. Dufty, and C. M. Hrenya (GDH-theory), Phys. Rev. E \textbf{76}, 031303 (2007)] are considered to determine the shear viscosity $\eta$ for a moderately dense granular binary mixture of smooth hard spheres. The mixture is subjecte

Guy Worthey, Xiang Shi

Integrated-light models that incorporate common types of chemically peculiar (CP) stars are assembled using synthetic spectra. Selected spectral features encode significant age information for populations with ages $\sim$50 Myr $<$ age $< \sim$2 Gyr. Due to the alleviation of template mismatch, the inclusion of CP star features in model spectra improves the

Alessandro Linzi, Pierre Touchard

One can associate to a valued field an inverse system of valued hyperfields $(\mathcal{H}_i)_{i \in I}$ in a natural way. We investigate when, conversely, such a system arise from a valued field. First, we extend a result of Krasner by showing that the inverse limit of certain systems are stringent valued hyperfields. Secondly, we describe a Hahn-like constr

M. Bonesini, R. Benocci, R. Bertoni, A. Menegolli

Compact X-rays detectors made of 1/2" or 1" :LaBr3:Ce crystals of cubic shape with SiPM array readout have been developed for the FAMU experiment at RIKEN-RAL. The aim is a precise measurement of the proton Zemach radius with incoming muons. Additional applications may be found in medical physics, such as PET, homeland security and gamma-ray astronomy. Due t

Nicolas Moreno, Marco Ellero

We introduce a full-Lagrangian heterogeneous multiscale method (LHMM) to model complex fluids with microscopic features that can extend over large spatio-temporal scales, such as polymeric solutions and multiphasic systems. The proposed approach discretizes the fluctuating Navier-Stokes equations in a particle-based setting using Smoothed Dissipative Particl

Jacob Bedrossian, Michele Coti Zelati, Michele Dolce

In this paper, we describe the long-time behavior of the non-cutoff Boltzmann equation with soft potentials near a global Maxwellian background on the whole space in the weakly collisional limit (i.e. infinite Knudsen number $1/\nu\to \infty$). Specifically, we prove that for initial data sufficiently small (independent of the Knudsen number), the solution d

A. Gurevich

Recently Deyo et al. [\prb {\bf 106}, 104502 (2022)] suggested that the surface resistance $R_s(H_0)$ of a superconductor under strong electromagnetic field can be affected by field-induced quasiparticle bound states at the surface. This Comment shows that the existence of such bound states and their contribution to $R_s$ are not substantiated and the phenom

Guangyue Xu, Parisa Kordjamshidi, Joyce Chai

This work explores the zero-shot compositional learning ability of large pre-trained vision-language models(VLMs) within the prompt-based learning framework and propose a model (\textit{PromptCompVL}) to solve the compositonal zero-shot learning (CZSL) problem. \textit{PromptCompVL} makes two design choices: first, it uses a soft-prompting instead of hard-pr

Krzysztof Dębicki, Enkelejd Hashorva, Zbigniew Michna

For fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter H the Berman constant is defined. In this paper we consider a general random field (rf) Z that is a spectral rf of some stationary max-stable rf X and derive the properties of the corresponding Berman functions. In particular, we show that Berman functions can be approximated by the corresponding discrete o

Mohamad Fazelnia, Ahmet Okutan, Mehdi Mirakhorli

This paper focuses on supporting AI/ML Security Workers -- professionals involved in the development and deployment of secure AI-enabled software systems. It presents AI/ML Adversarial Techniques, Tools, and Common Knowledge (AI/ML ATT&CK) framework to enable AI/ML Security Workers intuitively to explore offensive and defensive tactics.

Seher Karakuzu, Benjamin Cohen-Stead, Cristian D. Batista, Steven Johnston

We consider a class of Hubbard-Stratonovich transformations suitable for treating Hubbard interactions in the context of quantum Monte Carlo simulations. A tunable parameter $p$ allows us to continuously vary from a discrete Ising auxiliary field ($p=\infty$) to a compact auxiliary field that couples to electrons sinusoidally ($p=0$). In tests on the single-

Luca Di Luzio, Jorge Martin Camalich, Guido Martinelli, José Antonio Oller

We compute the axion-pion scattering $a \pi \to \pi \pi$, relevant for the axion thermalization rate in the early universe, within unitarized NLO chiral perturbation theory. The latter extends the range of validity of the chiral expansion of axion-pion scattering and thus provides a crucial ingredient for the reliable determination of the relic density of th

William Craig

In this Ph.D dissertation (University of Virginia, 2022), we prove results about the coefficients of partition-theoretic generating functions and of coefficients of integer weight modular forms. Using various forms of the circle method, we prove results about the distribution of partition statistics in residue classes modulo $t$. For example, we prove that t

Ravi Shankar, Hsi-Wei Hsieh, Nicolas Charon, Archana Venkataraman

This paper introduces a new framework for non-parallel emotion conversion in speech. Our framework is based on two key contributions. First, we propose a stochastic version of the popular CycleGAN model. Our modified loss function introduces a Kullback Leibler (KL) divergence term that aligns the source and target data distributions learned by the generators

Alexander Kiselev, Jaemin Park, Yao Yao

We study the 2D incompressible Boussinesq equation without thermal diffusion, and aim to construct rigorous examples of small scale formations as time goes to infinity. In the viscous case, we construct examples of global smooth solutions satisfying $\sup_{\tau\in[0,t]} \|\nabla \rho(\tau)\|_{L^2}\gtrsim t^\alpha$ for some $\alpha>0$. For the inviscid equati

Habibul Islam, Anna-Lena Horlemann

For a prime power $q$, an integer $m$ and $0\leq e\leq m-1$ we study the $e$-Galois hull dimension of Gabidulin codes $G_k(\boldsymbol{\alpha})$ of length $m$ and dimension $k$ over $\mathbb{F}_{q^m}$. Using a self-dual basis $\boldsymbol{\alpha}$ of $\mathbb{F}_{q^m}$ over $\mathbb{F}_q$, we first explicitly compute the hull dimension of $G_k(\boldsymbol{\a

C. Pallis

New no-scale supergravity models with F-term SUSY breaking are introduced, adopting Kaehler potentials parameterizing flat or curved (compact or non-compact) Kaehler manifolds. We systematically derive the form of the superpotentials leading to Minkowski vacua. Combining two types of these superpotentials we can also determine de Sitter or anti-de Sitter vac

Andrés Mateo-Gabín, Andrés M. Rueda-Ramírez, Eusebio Valero, Gonzalo Rubio

In this work, we propose an extension of telescopic derivative operators for the DGSEM with Gauss nodes, and we prove that this formulation is equivalent to its usual matrix counterpart. Among other possible applications, this allows extending the stabilization methods already developed for Gauss-Lobatto nodes to Gauss nodes, also ensuring properties such as

Guglielmo Macrelli

A new solution to the mono-dimensional diffusion equation for time-variable first kind boundary condition is presented where the time-variable function at the surface is derived proposing a surface saturation model. This solution may be helpful in the treatment of diffusion processes where the overall time of diffusion is comparable with the time taken by th

Jie-Feng Chen, Yu-Chen Wang, Tingting Zhang, Tong-Jie Zhang

In the procedure of constraining the cosmological parameters with the observational Hubble data and the type Ia supernova data, the combination of Masked Autoregressive Flow and Denoising Autoencoder can perform a good result. The above combination extracts the features from OHD with DAE, and estimates the posterior distribution of cosmological parameters wi

M. Bury, F. Hautmann, S. Leal-Gomez, I. Scimemi

We discuss our recent study of the impact of collinear PDFs and their uncertainties on the determination of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) distributions and the description of Drell-Yan (DY) production measurements at low transverse momenta. Using QCD factorization and evolution in transverse coordinate b space, this study takes into account for the fir

Neha Patankar, Xiili Sarkela-Basset, Greg Schivley, Emily Leslie

Land-use conflicts may constrain the unprecedented rates of renewable energy deployment required to meet the decarbonization goals of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). This paper employs geospatially resolved data and a detailed electricity system capacity expansion model to generate 160 affordable, zero-carbon electricity supply portfolios for the American

Robert Samuel Simon, Grzegorz Tomkowicz

We define "paradoxical colouring rule", show its relation to measure theoretic paradoxes, and demonstrate that proper vertex colouring can be a paradoxical colouring rule.

Simon Albertini, Faro Hechenberger, Siegfried Kollotzek, Lukas Tiefenthaler

Positively charged cluster ions of phosphorus were formed upon electron ionization of doped helium nanodroplets. The vapors of red phosphorus and a phosphate sample were picked up into neutral and charged helium nanodroplets. Independent on the conditions used, the cluster size distributions exhibit pronounced odd-even oscillations that are opposite to almos

Volker Bach, Robert Rauch

We consider a Hubbard model with nearest neighbor interaction on a discrete $d$-dimensional torus of length $L$ around its Hartree-Fock ground state and derive relative bounds of the effective interaction with respect to the effective kinetic energy. It is shown that there are no relative bounds uniform in $L$.

Biswajit Deb, Sabina Yeasmin, Atri Deshamukhya

In this work, we explored warm inflation in the background of $f(R,T)$ gravity in the strong dissipation regime. Considering scalar field for FLRW universe, we derived modified field equations. We then deduced slow-roll parameters under slow-roll approximations followed by power spectrum for scalar and tensor perturbations and their corresponding spectral in

Marco Loche, Gianvito Scaringi

Changes in temperature in landslide shear zones can derive from frictional heating but also groundwater flow or heat exchange with the atmosphere. This is especially relevant in shallow landslides under seasonal and long-term climatic forcing. How temperature controls the shear resistance in these landslides is poorly constrained. We explored the response of

Caspar Oesterheld

We study a program game version of the Prisoner's Dilemma, i.e., a two-player game in which each player submits a computer program, the programs are given read access to each other's source code and then choose whether to cooperate or defect. Prior work has introduced various programs that form cooperative equilibria against themselves in this game. For exam

Giulia Venditti, Maria Eleonora Temperini, Paolo Barone, Jose Lorenzana

Motivated by the discovery of superconductivity in KTaO3-based heterostructures, we study a pairing mechanism based on spin-orbit assisted coupling between the conduction electrons and the ferroelectric modes present in the material. We use ab initio frozen-phonon computations to show a linear-in-momentum Rashba-like coupling with a strong angular dependence

A. A. Sheykin, A. A. Grechko

We study modified gravity theory known as Regge-Teitelboim approach, in which the gravity is represented by dynamics of a surface isometrically embedded in a flat bulk. We obtain some particular solutions of Regge-Teitelboim equations corresponding to a central symmetric vacuum 2+1-dimensional spacetime. In contrast with GR, this vacuum spacetime is not flat

M. E. J. Newman

Networks and network computations have become a primary mathematical tool for analyzing the structure of many kinds of complex systems, ranging from the Internet and transportation networks to biochemical interactions and social networks. A common task in network analysis is the calculation of quantities that reside on the nodes of a network, such as central

Kim-Manuel Klein, Adam Polak, Lars Rohwedder

The starting point of this paper is the problem of scheduling $n$ jobs with processing times and due dates on a single machine so as to minimize the total processing time of tardy jobs, i.e., $1||\sum p_j U_j$. This problem was identified by Bringmann et al. (Algorithmica 2022) as a natural subquadratic-time special case of the classic $1||\sum w_j U_j$ prob

Jovin Langenegger, Geethan Karunaratne, Michael Hersche, Luca Benini

Disentanglement of constituent factors of a sensory signal is central to perception and cognition and hence is a critical task for future artificial intelligence systems. In this paper, we present a compute engine capable of efficiently factorizing holographic perceptual representations by exploiting the computation-in-superposition capability of brain-inspi

Mateo Restrepo Borrero, Vatsal Srivastava, Khodr Shamseddine

The Levi-Civita field $\mathcal{R}$ is the smallest non-Archimidean ordered field extension of the real numbers that is real closed and Cauchy complete in the topology induced by the order. In an earlier paper [Shamseddine-Berz-2003], a measure was defined on $\mathcal{R}$ in terms of the limit of the sums of the lengths of inner and outer covers of a set by

Jian-Bo Cheng, Du-xin Zheng, Zi-Yang Lin, Shi-Lin Zhu

We investigate the double-charm and hidden-charm hexaquarks as molecules in the framework of the one-boson-exchange potential model. The multichannel coupling and $S-D$ wave mixing are taken into account carefully. We adopt the complex scaling method to investigate the possible quasibound states, whose widths are from the three-body decay channel $\Lambda_c\

C. Maury, B. Bakkali-Hassani, G. Chauveau, F. Rabec

Cold quantum gases, when acted upon by electromagnetic fields, can give rise to samples where isolated atoms coexist with dimers or trimers, which raises the question of the interactions between these various constituents. Here we perform microwave photoassociation in a degenerate gas of $^{87}$Rb atoms to create weakly-bound dimers in their electronic groun

Nabeel Seedat, Fergus Imrie, Mihaela van der Schaar

While there have been a number of remarkable breakthroughs in machine learning (ML), much of the focus has been placed on model development. However, to truly realize the potential of machine learning in real-world settings, additional aspects must be considered across the ML pipeline. Data-centric AI is emerging as a unifying paradigm that could enable such

Ken Pounds

Short-term variability and multiple velocity components in the powerful highly ionized wind of the archetypal UFO PG 1211+143 are indicative of inner disc instabilities or short-lived accretion events. The detection of a high velocity (~ 0.3c) inflow of highly ionized matter, located at 20 R_g, offered the first direct observational support for the latter sc

Ravi Shankar, Abdouh Harouna Kenfack, Arjun Somayazulu, Archana Venkataraman

Automated emotion recognition in speech is a long-standing problem. While early work on emotion recognition relied on hand-crafted features and simple classifiers, the field has now embraced end-to-end feature learning and classification using deep neural networks. In parallel to these models, researchers have proposed several data augmentation techniques to

Giovanni Domenico Di Salvo

We clarify the details of a cryptical paper by Orevkov in which a construction of a proper holomorphic embedding $\gamma\colon\Bbb P^1\setminus{C}\hookrightarrow\Bbb C^2$ is performed; in particular, it is proved that such a construction can be done to get the Cantor set $C$ to have zero Hausdorff dimension.

D. Minogue, M. R. Eskildsen, C. Reichhardt, C. J. O. Reichhardt

Numerical simulations are used to examine the transition dynamics between metastable and ground state vortex lattice phases in a system with combined sixfold and twelvefold contributions to the vortex-vortex interactions. The system is initially annealed using a twelvefold anisotropy, yielding domains of two different orientations and separated by grain boun

Ivan P. Yamshchikov, Alexey Tikhonov

This paper argues that a deeper understanding of narrative and the successful generation of longer subjectively interesting texts is a vital bottleneck that hinders the progress in modern Natural Language Processing (NLP) and may even be in the whole field of Artificial Intelligence. We demonstrate that there are no adequate datasets, evaluation methods, and

Guy Worthey, Tathagata Pal, Islam Khan, Xiang Shi

The G230LB grating used with STIS's CCD detector scatters red light. In red objects, the scattered light mingles with the ultraviolet signal, causing spurious short-wavelength flux and weakening absorption features. Recent calibration observations characterize the scattered light using duplicate observations with the MAMA detector and similar grating G230L.

Thorsten Emig, Giuseppe Bimonte

Recent measurements of Casimir forces have provided evidence of an intricate modification of quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field in complex geometries. Here we introduce a multiple scattering description for Casimir interactions between bodies of arbitrary shape and material composition, admitting an expansion as a sequence of inter- and intra-

Yusen Zhang, Yang Liu, Ziyi Yang, Yuwei Fang

Controllable summarization allows users to generate customized summaries with specified attributes. However, due to the lack of designated annotations of controlled summaries, existing works have to craft pseudo datasets by adapting generic summarization benchmarks. Furthermore, most research focuses on controlling single attributes individually (e.g., a sho

Anton van Beek, Vispi Karkaria, Wei Chen

The design and operation of systems are conventionally viewed as a sequential decision-making process that is informed by data from physical experiments and simulations. However, the integration of these high-dimensional and heterogeneous data sources requires the consideration of the impact of a decision on a system's remaining life cycle. Consequently, thi

Jannik Kossen, Cătălina Cangea, Eszter Vértes, Andrew Jaegle

We introduce a challenging decision-making task that we call active acquisition for multimodal temporal data (A2MT). In many real-world scenarios, input features are not readily available at test time and must instead be acquired at significant cost. With A2MT, we aim to learn agents that actively select which modalities of an input to acquire, trading off a

Alberto Dennunzio, Enrico Formenti, Luciano Margara, Sara Riva

This paper provides an algorithmic pipeline for studying the intrinsic structure of a finite discrete dynamical system (DDS) modelling an evolving phenomenon. Here, by intrinsic structure we mean, regarding the dynamics of the DDS under observation, the feature of resulting from the "cooperation" of the dynamics of two or more smaller DDS. The intrinsic stru

Guillermina Fongi, María Celeste Gonzalez

In this article we explore several aspects concerning to the Moore-Penrose inverse of a bounded linear operator. On the one hand, we study monotonicity properties of the Moore-Penrose inverse with respect to the L\"owner, star, minus, sharp and diamond orders. On the other hand, we analyze the validity of the reverse order law, $B^\dagger A^\dagger=(AB)^\dag

Yew Lee Tan, Ernest Yu Kai Chew, Adams Wai-Kin Kong, Jung-Jae Kim

Scene text images have different shapes and are subjected to various distortions, e.g. perspective distortions. To handle these challenges, the state-of-the-art methods rely on a rectification network, which is connected to the text recognition network. They form a linear pipeline which uses text rectification on all input images, even for images that can be

Denys Amore Bondarenko, Roger Ferrod, Luigi Di Caro

Word embeddings play a significant role in today's Natural Language Processing tasks and applications. While pre-trained models may be directly employed and integrated into existing pipelines, they are often fine-tuned to better fit with specific languages or domains. In this paper, we attempt to improve available embeddings in the uncovered niche of the Ita

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, A. S. W. Abdelmotteleb, C. Abellan Beteta

The $B^+ \rightarrow D_s^+ D_s^- K^+$ decay is observed for the first time using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of $7$, $8$ and $13\, \text{TeV}$, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $9\,\text{fb}^{-1}$. Its branching fraction relative to that of the $B^{+} \rightarrow D^{+} D^{-} K^{+}$ decay

Alexander Zakharov

In this work we provide an explicit cdga that controls the rational homotopy type of the complement $X-\cup_i Z_i$, where $X$ is a smooth compact algebraic variety and $\{Z_i\}$ is a collection of subvarieties such that all set-theoretical intersections are smooth. The model is given in terms of the cohomology of all intersections of $Z_i$'s, and the natural

Jenny M. Poulton, Lee Altenberg, Chris Watkins

This work presents a population genetic model of evolution, which includes haploid selection, mutation, recombination, and drift. The mutation-selection equilibrium can be expressed exactly in closed form for arbitrary fitness functions without resorting to diffusion approximations. Tractability is achieved by generating new offspring using n-parent rather t

Enes Altuncu, Jason R. C. Nurse, Yang Xu, Jie Guo

Automatic keyword extraction (AKE) has gained more importance with the increasing amount of digital textual data that modern computing systems process. It has various applications in information retrieval (IR) and natural language processing (NLP), including text summarisation, topic analysis and document indexing. This paper proposes a simple but effective

Daphne Ippolito, Ann Yuan, Andy Coenen, Sehmon Burnam

Recent developments in natural language generation (NLG) using neural language models have brought us closer than ever to the goal of building AI-powered creative writing tools. However, most prior work on human-AI collaboration in the creative writing domain has evaluated new systems with amateur writers, typically in contrived user studies of limited scope

Hermann Schulz-Baldes

For tridiagonal block Jacobi operators, the standard transfer operator techniques only work if the off-diagonal entries are invertible. Under suitable assumptions on the range and kernel of these off-diagonal operators which assure a homogeneous minimal coupling between the blocks, it is shown how to construct reduced transfer operators that have the usual K

Somnath Ghara, Evgenii Barts, Kirill Vasin, Dmytro Kamenskyi

Magnetization reversal in ferro- and ferrimagnets is a well-known archetype of non-equilibrium processes, where the volume fractions of the oppositely magnetized domains vary and perfectly compensate each other at the coercive magnetic field. Here, we report on a fundamentally new pathway for magnetization reversal that is mediated by an antiferromagnetic st

Lino Grama, Ailton R. Oliveira

In this paper we study invariant almost Hermitian geometry on generalized flag manifolds which the isotropy representation decompose into two or three irreducible components. We will provide a classification of such flag manifolds admitting K\"ahler like scalar curvature metric, that is, almost Hermitian structures $(g,J)$ satisfying $s=2s_C$ where $s$ is Ri

L. Baudis, G. Benato, E. M. Bond, P. -J. Chiu

In the search for a monochromatic peak as the signature of neutrinoless double beta decay an excellent energy resolution and an ultra-low background around the $Q$-value of the decay are essential. The LEGEND-200 experiment performs such a search with high-purity germanium detectors enriched in $^{76}$Ge immersed in liquid argon. To determine and monitor the

Louis Clouâtre, Prasanna Parthasarathi, Amal Zouaq, Sarath Chandar

Many recent perturbation studies have found unintuitive results on what does and does not matter when performing Natural Language Understanding (NLU) tasks in English. Coding properties, such as the order of words, can often be removed through shuffling without impacting downstream performances. Such insight may be used to direct future research into English

J. Haefner, A. Fahs, J. Ho, C. Stanford

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is an excellent diffuse reflector widely used in light collection systems for particle physics experiments. In noble element systems, it is often coated with tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) to allow detection of vacuum ultraviolet scintillation light. In this work this dependence is investigated for PTFE coated with TPB in air for

Ye Liang, Tong Xu, Jialiang Zhang, Shuo Li

The lithium chloride aqueous solution has great potential to be the detection medium of a novel solar neutrino detector. The nuclide \ce{^7 Li} provides a charged-current interaction channel with a high cross-section for the MeV-scale solar electron-neutrinos, enabling measurement of the solar neutrino spectrum. This work measures the optical properties and

T. -H. Hsieh, D. M. Segura-Cox, J. E. Pineda, P. Caselli

Aims. We present high sensitivity and high-spectral resolution NOEMA observations of the Class 0/I binary system SVS13A, composed of the low-mass protostars VLA4A and VLA4B with a separation of ~90 au. VLA4A is undergoing an accretion burst that enriches the chemistry of the surrounding gas. This gives us an excellent opportunity to probe the chemical and ph

Miguel Ballesteros, Gerardo Franco Córdova, Ivan Naumkin, Hermann Schulz-Baldes

This paper proves new results on spectral and scattering theory for matrix-valued Schr\"odinger operators on the discrete line with non-compactly supported perturbations whose first moments are assumed to exist. In particular, a Levinson theorem is proved, in which a relation between scattering data and spectral properties (bound and half bound states) of th

Len Spek, Tjeerd Jan Heeringa, Felix Schwenninger, Christoph Brune

Reproducing Kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS) have been a very successful tool in various areas of machine learning. Recently, Barron spaces have been used to prove bounds on the generalisation error for neural networks. Unfortunately, Barron spaces cannot be understood in terms of RKHS due to the strong nonlinear coupling of the weights. This can be solved by us

Mrinmay Biswas, Ansgar Jüngel

The existence of a global martingale solution to a cross-diffusion system with multiplicative Wiener noise in a bounded domain with no-flux boundary conditions is shown. The model describes the dynamics of population densities of different species due to segregation cross-diffusion effects. The diffusion matrix is generally neither symmetric nor positive sem

Matthew Aquilina, Keith George Ciantar, Christian Galea, Kenneth P. Camilleri

To date, the best-performing blind super-resolution (SR) techniques follow one of two paradigms: A) generate and train a standard SR network on synthetic low-resolution - high-resolution (LR - HR) pairs or B) attempt to predict the degradations an LR image has suffered and use these to inform a customised SR network. Despite significant progress, subscribers

André G. C. Guerra, André João, Miguel Arantes, Miguel Martin

MAGAL lays the foundations for a future constellation of small satellites carrying radar altimeters aiming to improve the understanding of ocean circulation variability at local, regional, and global scales. All necessary tools will be developed, including a new small, low-power altimeter payload and a miniaturized satellite platform, grounded on the Space 4

Keisuke Abiko

We establish two Phragm\'en--Lindel\"{o}f theorems for a fully nonlinear elliptic equation. We consider a dynamic boundary condition that includes both spatial variable and time derivative terms. As a spatial term, we consider a non-linear Neumann-type operator with a strict monotonicity in the normal direction of the boundary on the spatial derivative term.

Louis Clouâtre, Prasanna Parthasarathi, Amal Zouaq, Sarath Chandar

Providing better language tools for low-resource and endangered languages is imperative for equitable growth. Recent progress with massively multilingual pretrained models has proven surprisingly effective at performing zero-shot transfer to a wide variety of languages. However, this transfer is not universal, with many languages not currently understood by

Lech A. Grzelak

We focus on extending existing short-rate models, enabling control of the generated implied volatility while preserving analyticity. We achieve this goal by applying the Randomized Affine Diffusion (RAnD) method to the class of short-rate processes under the Heath-Jarrow-Morton framework. Under arbitrage-free conditions, the model parameters can be exogenous

Arash Saeidi Rashk Olia, Dunja Peric

Energy piles are gaining increased popularity due to a growing demand for clean energy. To further advance the understanding of soil-structure interaction in energy piles, recently-derived analytical solutions have been implemented to investigate the impact of stratigraphy on the soil-structure interaction. This was accomplished by comparing the measured and

Céfric Join, Hugues Mounier, Emmanuel Delaleau, Michel Fliess

Active Queue Management (AQM) for mitigating Internet congestion has been addressed via various feedback control syntheses, among which P, PI, and PID regulators are quite popular and often associated to a Smith predictor. Here, to better account for the many uncertainties, like the round trip time or the number of TCP sessions, the above controllers are rep

Jack Carlisle

For a cyclic group $C_n$, we identify Greenlees' equivariant connective K theory spectrum $kU_{C_n}$ as an $RO(C_n)$-graded localization of the actual connective cover of $KU_{C_n}$.