May 2023 arXiv papers — page 168

Ting Yu Teo, Nanxi Li, Landobasa Y. M. Tobing, Amy S. K. Tong

Capping layers are essential for protecting phase change materials (PCMs) used in non-volatile photonics technologies. This work demonstrates how $(ZnS)_{0.8}-(SiO_2)_{0.2}$ caps radically influence the performance of $Sb_{2}S_{3}$ and Ag-doped $Sb_{2}S_{3}$ integrated photonic devices. We found that at least 30 nm of capping material is necessary to protect

Nathan Roberts, Guido Baardink, Anton Souslov, Peter J. Mosley

Topological design enables robustness to be engineered into a system. However, a general challenge remains to experimentally characterize topological properties. In this work, we demonstrate a technique for directly observing a winding-number invariant using a single measurement. By propagating light with a sufficiently broad spectrum along a topological pho

Robbie Webbe, A. J. Young

Quasi-Periodic Eruptions (QPEs) are a rare phenomenon in which the X-ray emission from the nuclei of galaxies shows a series of large amplitude flares. Only a handful of QPEs have been observed but the possibility remains that there are as yet undetected sources in archival data. Given the volume of data available a manual search is not feasible, and so we c

Wenqi Xiong, Weiqing Zhou, Pengzhan Sun, Shengjun Yuan

The penetration of atomic hydrogen through defect-free graphene was generally predicted to have a barrier of at least several eV, which is much higher than the 1 eV barrier measured for hydrogen-gas permeation through pristine graphene membranes. Herein, our density functional theory calculations show that ripples, which are ubiquitous in atomically thin cry

Farshid Ashtiani, Mohamad Hossein Idjadi, Ting-Chen Hu, Stefano Grillanda

Optical neural networks (ONNs) enable high speed parallel and energy efficient processing compared to conventional digital electronic counterparts. However, realizing large scale systems is an open problem. Among various integrated and non-integrated ONNs, free-space diffractive ONNs benefit from a large number of pixels of spatial light modulators to realiz

Stefano Calzavara, Lorenzo Cazzaro, Giulio Ermanno Pibiri, Nicola Prezza

Verifying the robustness of machine learning models against evasion attacks at test time is an important research problem. Unfortunately, prior work established that this problem is NP-hard for decision tree ensembles, hence bound to be intractable for specific inputs. In this paper, we identify a restricted class of decision tree ensembles, called large-spr

Antonio Stanziola, Ben T. Cox, Bradley E. Treeby, Michael D. Brown

Advances in additive manufacturing have enabled the realisation of inexpensive, scalable, diffractive acoustic lenses that can be used to generate complex acoustic fields via phase and/or amplitude modulation. However, the design of these holograms relies on a thin-element approximation adapted from optics which can severely limit the fidelity of the realise

Yitong Ji, Aixin Sun, Jie Zhang

In a practical recommender system, new interactions are continuously observed. Some interactions are expected, because they largely follow users' long-term preferences. Some other interactions are indications of recent trends in user preference changes or marketing positions of new items. Accordingly, the recommender needs to be periodically retrained or upd

Jingming Chen, Feiyu Chen, Linyun Yang, Yuting Yang

The celebrated holographic duality posits a correspondence between a quantum gravity in a bulk spacetime and a quantum field theory (QFT) defined on its lower-dimensional boundary. This duality not only offers deep insights into the enigmatic nature of quantum gravity but also provides an efficient methodology for studying strongly correlated systems. Howeve

David Salinas, Jacek Golebiowski, Aaron Klein, Matthias Seeger

Many state-of-the-art hyperparameter optimization (HPO) algorithms rely on model-based optimizers that learn surrogate models of the target function to guide the search. Gaussian processes are the de facto surrogate model due to their ability to capture uncertainty but they make strong assumptions about the observation noise, which might not be warranted in

Iñigo Asiáin, Domènec Espriu, Federico Mescia

Loss of unitarity in an effective field theory is often cured by the appearance of dynamical resonances, revealing the presence of new degrees of freedom. These resonances may manifest themselves when suitable unitarization techniques are implemented in the effective theory, which in the scalar-isoscalar channel require making use of the coupled-channel form

Mingzhe Guo, Timothy Duckenfield, Tom Van Doorsselaere, Konstantinos Karampelas

We model a coronal loop as a three-dimensional magnetic cylinder in a realistic solar atmosphere that extends from the chromosphere to the corona. Kink oscillations, believed ubiquitous in the solar corona, are launched in the loop. Heating is expected due to the dissipation of wave energy at small structures that develop from the Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilit

Gleb A. Kotousov, Sergei L. Lukyanov

The subject matter of this work is a 1D quantum spin - $\frac{1}{2}$ chain associated with the inhomogeneous six-vertex model possessing an additional ${\cal Z}_r$ symmetry. The model is studied in a certain parametric domain, where it is critical. Within the ODE/IQFT approach, a class of ordinary differential equations and a quantization condition are propo

Mattia Corti, Francesca Bonizzoni, Paola F. Antonietti, Alfio M. Quarteroni

The Fisher-Kolmogorov equation is a diffusion-reaction PDE that is used to model the accumulation of prionic proteins, which are responsible for many different neurological disorders. Likely, the most important and studied misfolded protein in literature is the Amyloid-$\beta$, responsible for the onset of Alzheimer disease. Starting from medical images we c

Yuanyuan Peng, Pengpeng Luan, Zixu Zhang

Accurately segmenting blood vessels in retinal fundus images is crucial in the early screening, diagnosing, and evaluating some ocular diseases, yet it poses a nontrivial uncertainty for the segmentation task due to various factors such as significant light variations, uneven curvilinear structures, and non-uniform contrast. As a result, a multiple attention

Simone Ragoni

Ultra-peripheral collisions (UPC) are events characterised by large impact parameters between the two projectiles, larger than the sum of their radii. In UPCs, the protons and ions accelerated by the LHC do not interact via the strong interaction and can be regarded as sources of quasireal photons. Photoproduction of vector mesons (e.g. J/$\psi$ and $\psi$')

Xiaohui Wan, Zheng Zheng, Fangyun Qin, Xuhui Lu

Defect prediction is crucial for software quality assurance and has been extensively researched over recent decades. However, prior studies rarely focus on data complexity in defect prediction tasks, and even less on understanding the difficulties of these tasks from the perspective of data complexity. In this paper, we conduct an empirical study to estimate

Leming Guo, Wanli Xue, Shengyong Chen

Continuous sign language recognition (CSLR) aims to recognize signs in untrimmed sign language videos to textual glosses. A key challenge of CSLR is achieving effective cross-modality alignment between video and gloss sequences to enhance video representation. However, current cross-modality alignment paradigms often neglect the role of textual grammar to gu

K. Jiang, T. W. Huang, R. Li, M. Y. Yu

Propagation of high-current relativistic electron beam (REB) in plasma is relevant to many high-energy astrophysical phenomena as well as applications based on high-intensity lasers and charged-particle beams. Here we report a new regime of beam-plasma interaction arising from REB propagation in medium with fine structures. In this regime, the REB cascades i

Fergal Stapleton, Edgar Galván

Surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms (SAEAs) aim to use efficient computational models with the goal of approximating the fitness function in evolutionary computation systems. This area of research has been active for over two decades and has received significant attention from the specialised research community in different areas, for example, single

J. Debes, R. Nealon, R. Alexander, A. J. Weinberger

We report new total intensity visible light high contrast imaging of the TW Hya disk taken with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). This represents the first published images of the disk with STIS since 2016, when a moving shadow on the disk surface was reported. We continue to see the shadow moving in a count

Wenyan Li, Jonas F. Lotz, Chen Qiu, Desmond Elliott

Image captioning models are typically trained by treating all samples equally, neglecting to account for mismatched or otherwise difficult data points. In contrast, recent work has shown the effectiveness of training models by scheduling the data using curriculum learning strategies. This paper contributes to this direction by actively curating difficult sam

Taegyu Kang, Sehwan Kim, Jinwon Sohn, Jordan Awan

This paper is the first to attempt differentially private (DP) topological data analysis (TDA), producing near-optimal private persistence diagrams. We analyze the sensitivity of persistence diagrams in terms of the bottleneck distance, and we show that the commonly used \v{C}ech complex has sensitivity that does not decrease as the sample size $n$ increases

Alaa Eddine Chriat, Chuangchuang Sun

Safety has been a critical issue for the deployment of learning-based approaches in real-world applications. To address this issue, control barrier function (CBF) and its variants have attracted extensive attention for safety-critical control. However, due to the myopic one-step nature of CBF and the lack of principled methods to design the class-$\mathcal{K

Tobias Reinhard, Justus Fasse, Bart Jacobs

We report on intermediate results of -- to the best of our knowledge -- the first study of completeness thresholds for (partially) bounded memory safety proofs. Specifically, we consider heap-manipulating programs that iterate over arrays without allocating or freeing memory. In this setting, we present the first notion of completeness thresholds for program

Udit Khanna, Ke Huang, Ganpathy Murthy, H. A. Fertig

Bilayer graphene exhibits a rich phase diagram in the quantum Hall regime, arising from a multitude of internal degrees of freedom, including spin, valley, and orbital indices. The variety of fractional quantum Hall states between filling factors $1 < \nu \leq 2$ suggests, among other things, a quantum phase transition between valley-unpolarized and polarize

Brecht Evens, Pieter Pas, Puya Latafat, Panagiotis Patrinos

The proximal point algorithm (PPA) is the most widely recognized method for solving inclusion problems and serves as the foundation for many numerical algorithms. Despite this popularity, its convergence results have been largely limited to the monotone setting. In this work, we study the convergence of (relaxed) preconditioned PPA for a class of nonmonotone

M. Kachelriess, J. Tjemsland

Axions and axion-like-particles (ALPs) are characterised by their two-photon coupling, which entails so-called photon-ALP oscillations as photons propagate through a magnetic field. These oscillations lead to distinctive signatures in the energy spectrum of high-energy photons from astrophysical sources, allowing one to probe the existence of ALPs. In partic

Nikita A. Zemlyakov, Andrey I. Chugunov

Neutron stars are the densest objects in the Universe. They have microscopically homogeneous core and heterogeneous crust. In particular, there may be a specific layer inside neutron stars, the mantle, which consists of substantially non-spherical nuclei immersed in a background of relativistic degenerate electrons and quasi-free neutrons. In this paper we r

Liuyi Wang, Zongtao He, Jiagui Tang, Ronghao Dang

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) is a realistic but challenging task that requires an agent to locate the target region using verbal and visual cues. While significant advancements have been achieved recently, there are still two broad limitations: (1) The explicit information mining for significant guiding semantics concealed in both vision and language

Guoyang Liu, Jindi Zhang, Antoni B. Chan, Janet H. Hsiao

We examined whether embedding human attention knowledge into saliency-based explainable AI (XAI) methods for computer vision models could enhance their plausibility and faithfulness. We first developed new gradient-based XAI methods for object detection models to generate object-specific explanations by extending the current methods for image classification

Enno Diekema

In an earlier version of this paper \cite{6} a formula for the 4th cumulant of the Rosenblatt distribution was derived. In this paper formulas for the 3rd, 4th and 5th cumulant are derived using two methods. In the first method the necessary integrals are determined directly. The second method is the one used by Veillette and Taqqu. This is a recurring metho

G. Cavoto, C. Dutsov, M. Gruber, M. Hildebrandt

High precision experiments with muons and pions often require tracking charged particles with $O(100~\mu\mathrm{m})$ single-hit resolution, possibly with particle identification capabilities, down to very low momenta ($p \lesssim 100$~MeV/$c$). In such conditions, the particle trajectories are strongly affected by the interaction with the detector material,

Maël Jullien, Marco Valentino, Hannah Frost, Paul O'Regan

How can we interpret and retrieve medical evidence to support clinical decisions? Clinical trial reports (CTR) amassed over the years contain indispensable information for the development of personalized medicine. However, it is practically infeasible to manually inspect over 400,000+ clinical trial reports in order to find the best evidence for experimental

Ziad Hatab, Michael Ernst Gadringer, Wolfgang Bösch

This paper proposes a modification to the traditional multiline thru-reflect-line (TRL) or line-reflect-line (LRL) calibration method used for vector network analyzers (VNAs). Our proposed method eliminates the need for a thru (or line) standard by using an arbitrary transmissive two-port device in combination with an additional reflect standard. This combin

A. Di Siena, T. Hayward-Schneider, P. Mantica, J. Citrin

Flux-tube gyrokinetic codes are widely used to simulate drift-wave turbulence in magnetic confinement devices. While a large number of studies show that flux-tube codes provide an excellent approximation for turbulent transport in medium-large devices, it still needs to be determined whether they are sufficient for modeling supra-thermal particle effects on

Shuzhe Wang, Zakaria Laskar, Iaroslav Melekhov, Xiaotian Li

Visual localization is critical to many applications in computer vision and robotics. To address single-image RGB localization, state-of-the-art feature-based methods match local descriptors between a query image and a pre-built 3D model. Recently, deep neural networks have been exploited to regress the mapping between raw pixels and 3D coordinates in the sc

Tadashi Matsumoto, T. J. Sullivan

Gaussian processes (GPs) are widely-used tools in spatial statistics and machine learning and the formulae for the mean function and covariance kernel of a GP $T u$ that is the image of another GP $u$ under a linear transformation $T$ acting on the sample paths of $u$ are well known, almost to the point of being folklore. However, these formulae are often us

Luis F. Alday, Tobias Hansen, Joao A. Silva

We construct a representation for the first AdS curvature correction to the Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude, as an integral over the Riemann sphere. The integrand is that of the Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude in flat space, with the extra insertion of a linear combination of single-valued multiple polylogarithms of weight three. The integral representation implies an

Federico Carrozzino, Marco Fiore, Marina Mongiello

Blockchain technology is a Distributed Ledger Technology mainly used to store information in an immutable and secure way, but scalability and throughput issues are major challenges. Integration of the NoSQL paradigm within a Blockchain pipeline enhances throughput and scalability, and it can handle both on-chain and off-chain data. This work aims to study wh

Yatin Dandi, David Gamarnik, Lenka Zdeborová

We consider $h$-stable local optima of Ising spin glass models, defined as spin configurations such that for nearly all of the spins, flipping their values results in increasing energy by at least a given amount $h$. Spins satisfying this condition are referred to as $h$-stable spins for that configuration. Similarly, we consider a very related notion of $h$

Michael Chow, Elijah Fromm

Let $G$ be a connected semisimple real algebraic group and $P<G$ be a minimal parabolic subgroup with Langlands decomposition $P=MAN$. Let $\Gamma < G$ be a Zariski dense Anosov subgroup with respect to $P$. Since $\Gamma$ is Anosov, the set of conjugacy classes of primitive elements of $\Gamma$ is in one-to-one correspondence with the set of (positively ori

An Zeng, Ying Fan, Zengru Di, Yougui Wang

The impact and originality are two critical dimensions for evaluating scientific publications, measured by citation and disruption metrics respectively. Despite the extensive effort made to understand the statistical properties and evolution of each of these metrics, the relations between the two remain unclear. In this paper, we study the evolution during l

A. Hariki, A. Dal Din, O. J. Amin, T. Yamaguchi

Altermagnetism is a recently identified magnetic symmetry class combining characteristics of conventional collinear ferromagnets and antiferromagnets, that were regarded as mutually exclusive, and enabling phenomena and functionalities unparalleled in either of the two traditional elementary magnetic classes. In this work we use symmetry and ab initio theory

Ramakrishna Janaswamy

Starting from a new factorization of the frequencydomain modal expansion coefficients, we generate analytical expressions in time-domain for the various quantities of interest of a biconical antenna of arbitrary length and cone angle. In particular, expressions are generated for the impulse response of feed current and the radiated fields as well as the tran

Mauro David, Davide Disnan, Elena Arigliani, Anna Lardschneider

Long-wave infrared (LWIR, 8-14 um) photonics is a rapidly growing research field within the mid-IR with applications in molecular spectroscopy and optical free-space communication. LWIR-applications are often addressed using rather bulky tabletop-sized free-space optical systems, preventing advanced photonic applications such as rapid-time-scale experiments.

Rafik Sahbi, Wissam Boumalha, Asmaa Issad

A partition $\pi=\{V_{1},V_{2},...,V_{k}\}$ of the vertex set $V$ of a graph $G$ into $k$ color classes $V_{i}$, with $1\leq i\leq k$ is called a quorum coloring of $G$ if for every vertex $v\in V$, at least half of the vertices in the closed neighborhood $N[v]$ of $v$ have the same color as $v$. The maximum cardinality of a quorum coloring of $G$ is called

Sid Wang, Ashish Shenoy, Pierce Chuang, John Nguyen

In recent years, Federated Learning (FL) has shown significant advancements in its ability to perform various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. This work focuses on applying personalized FL for on-device language modeling. Due to limitations of memory and latency, these models cannot support the complexity of sub-word tokenization or beam search decod

Alekhya Ghosh, Lewis Hill, Gian-Luca Oppo, Pascal Del'Haye

Symmetry and symmetry breaking of light states play an important role in photonic integrated circuits and have recently attracted lots of research interest that is relevant to the manipulation of light polarisation, telecommunications, all optical computing, and more. We consider four-field symmetry breaking within two different configurations of photonic di

Samir Sadok, Simon Leglaive, Laurent Girin, Xavier Alameda-Pineda

In this paper, we present a multimodal and dynamical VAE (MDVAE) applied to unsupervised audio-visual speech representation learning. The latent space is structured to dissociate the latent dynamical factors that are shared between the modalities from those that are specific to each modality. A static latent variable is also introduced to encode the informat

Juan Climent Vidal, Enric Cosme Llópez

For a signature $\Sigma$ and its subsignature $\Sigma^{\neq 0}$ without $0$-ary operation symbols, we prove (1) that there are strong Lawvere adjoint cylinders between the category $\mathsf{Ssl}$, of sup-semilattices, and the categories $\int^{\mathsf{Ssl}}\mathrm{Isys}_{\Sigma}$, of sup-semilattice inductive systems of $\Sigma$-algebras, and $\int^{\mathsf{

Radek Suchánek

We describe a family of generalized almost structures associated with a Monge-Amp\`ere equation for a stream function of 2D incompressible fluid flows. Using an indefinite metric field constructed from a pair of $2$-forms related to the Monge-Amp\`ere equation, we show the existence of generalized metric-compatible structures in our family of generalized str

Radek Suchánek, Stanislav Hronek

We study properties of pseudo-Riemannian metrics corresponding to Monge-Amp\`ere structures on four-dimensional $T^*M$. We describe a family of Ricci flat solutions, which are parametrized by six coefficients satisfying the Pl\"ucker embedding equation. We also focus on pullbacks of the pseudo-metrics on two-dimensional $M$ and describe the corresponding Hes

Parikshit Sharma

Real-time bidding has emerged as an effective online advertising technique. With real-time bidding, advertisers can position ads per impression, enabling them to optimise ad campaigns by targeting specific audiences in real-time. This paper proposes a novel method for real-time bidding that combines deep learning and reinforcement learning techniques to enha

Volodya Roubtsov, Radek Suchánek

Poisson algebras have become an essential topic in mathematics with a rich structure and wide applicability. Despite numerous resources available on Poisson structures, the algebraic side of the story remains relatively less explored. This paper presents an extended version of a mini-course given during the virtual Winter School and Workshop "Wisla 20-21." T

Benjamin Fan, Edward Qiao, Anran Jiao, Zhouzhou Gu

We develop a methodology that utilizes deep learning to simultaneously solve and estimate canonical continuous-time general equilibrium models in financial economics. We illustrate our method in two examples: (1) industrial dynamics of firms and (2) macroeconomic models with financial frictions. Through these applications, we illustrate the advantages of our

Eslam Ibrahim, Yury Lysogorskiy, Matous Mrovec, Ralf Drautz

We present a general-purpose parameterization of the atomic cluster expansion (ACE) for magnesium. The ACE shows outstanding transferability over a broad range of atomic environments and captures physical properties of bulk as well as defective Mg phases in excellent agreement with reference first-principles calculations. We demonstrate the computational eff

Luiz G. M. Tenório, Teldo A. S. Pereira, K. Mohseni, T. Frederico

We studied the exciton properties in double layers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with a dielectric spacer between the layers. We developed a method based on an expansion of Chebyshev polynomials to solve the Wannier equation for the exciton. Corrections to the quasiparticle bandgap due to the dielectric environment were also included via the exc

Lars Diening, Julian Rolfes, Abner J. Salgado

Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be a convex polytope ($n \leq 3$). The Ritz projection is the best approximation, in the $W^{1,2}_0$-norm, to a given function in a finite element space. When such finite element spaces are constructed on the basis of quasiuniform triangulations, we show a pointwise estimate on the Ritz projection. Namely, that the gradient

Erik Nygren, Christian Eichenberger, Emma Frejinger

With the aim to stimulate future research, we describe an exploratory study of a railway rescheduling problem. A widely used approach in practice and state of the art is to decompose these complex problems by geographical scope. Instead, we propose defining a core problem that restricts a rescheduling problem in response to a disturbance to only trains that

Suzanna Sia, Kevin Duh

The phenomena of in-context learning has typically been thought of as "learning from examples". In this work which focuses on Machine Translation, we present a perspective of in-context learning as the desired generation task maintaining coherency with its context, i.e., the prompt examples. We first investigate randomly sampled prompts across 4 domains, and

Marta Milovanović, Enzo Tartaglione, Marco Cagnazzo, Félix Henry

Image-based rendering techniques stand at the core of an immersive experience for the user, as they generate novel views given a set of multiple input images. Since they have shown good performance in terms of objective and subjective quality, the research community devotes great effort to their improvement. However, the large volume of data necessary to ren

Edgar Beck, Carsten Bockelmann, Armin Dekorsy

Following the recent success of Machine Learning tools in wireless communications, the idea of semantic communication by Weaver from 1949 has gained attention. It breaks with Shannon's classic design paradigm by aiming to transmit the meaning, i.e., semantics, of a message instead of its exact version, allowing for information rate savings. In this work, we

Louis González, Andrew Mugler

Autologous chemotaxis is the process in which cells secrete and detect molecules to determine the direction of fluid flow. Experiments and theory suggest that autologous chemotaxis fails at high cell densities because molecules from other cells interfere with a given cell's signal. Based on observations of collective cell migration in diverse biological cont

Chen-Chih Lai, Michael I. Weinstein

We study the radial relaxation dynamics toward equilibrium and time-periodic pulsating spherically symmetric gas bubbles in an incompressible liquid due to thermal effects. The asymptotic model ([A. Prosperetti, J. Fluid Mech., 1991] and [Z. Biro and J. J. L. Velazquez, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 2000]) is one where the pressure within the gas bubble is spatially

Samir Sadok, Simon Leglaive, Renaud Séguier

An important challenge in emotion recognition is to develop methods that can leverage unlabeled training data. In this paper, we propose the VQ-MAE-AV model, a self-supervised multimodal model that leverages masked autoencoders to learn representations of audiovisual speech without labels. The model includes vector quantized variational autoencoders that com

Andrew Lewis-Pye, Oded Naor, Ehud Shapiro

While the original purpose of blockchains was to realize a payment system, it has been shown that, in fact, such systems do not require consensus and can be implemented deterministically in asynchronous networks. State-of-the-art payment systems employ Reliable Broadcast to disseminate payments and prevent double spending, which entails O(n^2) communication

Manuel Enrique Cuesta, Rohit Chhiber, Xiangrong Fu, Senbei Du

Many questions remain about the compressibility of solar wind turbulence with respect to its origins and properties. Low plasma beta (ratio of thermal to magnetic pressure) environments allow for the easier generation of compressible turbulence, enabling study of the relationship between density fluctuations and turbulent Mach number. Utilizing Parker Solar

Lorenz Riess, Mathias Beiglböck, Johannes Temme, Andreas Wolf

The increasing availability of granular and big data on various objects of interest has made it necessary to develop methods for condensing this information into a representative and intelligible map. Financial regulation is a field that exemplifies this need, as regulators require diverse and often highly granular data from financial institutions to monitor

Pedro Rosario, Alan C. Santos, Celso Jorge Villas-Boas, Romain Bachelard

Superconducting circuits are highly controllable platforms to manipulate quantum states, which make them particularly promising for quantum information processing. We here show how the existence of a distance-independent interaction between microwave resonators coupled capacitively through a qubit offers a new control parameter toward this goal. This interac

Shiyu Fang, Peng Hang, Chongfeng Wei, Yang Xing

High-density, unsignalized intersection has always been a bottleneck of efficiency and safety. The emergence of Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) results in a mixed traffic condition, further increasing the complexity of the transportation system. Against this background, this paper aims to study the intricate and heterogeneous interaction of vehicles and

Laurent Schönau, Jens Teiser, Tunahan Demirci, Kolja Joeris

Planetesimals are born fragile and are subject to destruction by wind erosion as they move through the gas of a protoplanetary disk. In microgravity experiments, we determined the shear stress necessary for erosion of a surface consisting of 1 mm dust pebbles down to 1 Pa ambient pressure. This is directly applicable to protoplanetary disks. Even pebble pile

Megan L. Jones, David L. Kaplan, Maura A. McLaughlin, Duncan R. Lorimer

Although neutron star-black hole binaries have been identified through mergers detected in gravitational waves, a pulsar-black hole binary has yet to be detected. While short-period binaries are detectable due to a clear signal in the pulsar's timing residuals, effects from a long-period binary could be masked by other timing effects, allowing them to go und

Sylvain Rubenthaler

We consider weighted particle systems in which new generations are re-sampled from current particles with probabilities proportional to their weights. This covers a broad class of sequential Monte Carlo methods, widely used in applied statistics. We consider the genealogical tree embedded into such particle system. When the time is reversed, the particle sys

Puya Latafat, Andreas Themelis, Silvia Villa, Panagiotis Patrinos

This paper studies proximal gradient iterations for solving simple bilevel optimization problems where both the upper and the lower level cost functions are split as the sum of differentiable and (possibly nonsmooth) proximable functions. We develop a novel convergence recipe for iteration varying stepsizes that relies on Barzilai-Borwein type local estimate

Srđan Kitić, Jérôme Daniel

Recently proposed Generalized Time-domain Velocity Vector (GTVV) is a generalization of relative room impulse response in spherical harmonic (aka Ambisonic) domain that allows for blind estimation of early-echo parameters: the directions and relative delays of individual reflections. However, the derived closed-form expression of GTVV mandates few assumption

K. L. Luhman

I have used high-precision photometry and astrometry from the third data release of Gaia to perform a survey for members of the TW Hya association (TWA). I have identified candidate members that appear to share similar kinematics and ages with bona fide members compiled by Gagne et al. (2017) and I have assessed their membership using radial velocities and s

Wenhan Xu, Jiadong Yu, Yuan Wu, Danny H. K. Tsang

The explosive development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to increased interest in mobile edge computing (MEC), which provides computational resources at network edges to accommodate computation-intensive and latency-sensitive applications. Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) have gained attention as a solution to overcome blockage problems during

Li Sun, Feiyang Wang, Junda Ye, Hao Peng

Graph clustering is a longstanding research topic, and has achieved remarkable success with the deep learning methods in recent years. Nevertheless, we observe that several important issues largely remain open. On the one hand, graph clustering from the geometric perspective is appealing but has rarely been touched before, as it lacks a promising space for g

Jhon Manuel Portella Delgado, Ankit Goel

This paper presents an adaptive, model-based, nonlinear controller for the bicopter trajectory-tracking problem. The nonlinear controller is constructed by dynamically extending the bicopter model, stabilizing the extended dynamics using input-output linearization, augmenting the controller with a finite-time convergent parameter estimator, and designing a l

Senne Ignoul

Integrable Hamiltonian systems on symplectic manifolds have been well-studied. However, an intrinsic property of these kind of systems is that they can only live on even dimensional manifolds. To introduce a similar notion of integrability on odd dimensional manifolds, one needs another type of geometry: contact geometry. These lecture notes, aimed towards g

Alaa Amri

State-space models are used to describe and analyse dynamical systems. They are ubiquitously used in many scientific fields such as signal processing, finance and ecology to name a few. Particle filters are popular inferential methods used for state-space methods. Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA), an approximate Bayesian inference method, can a

Anustup Mukherjee, Alaska Subedi

There has been a longstanding debate whether the pyrite CoS$_2$ or its alloys with FeS$_2$ are half metallic. We argue using first principles calculations that there is a finite occupation of minority-spin states at the Fermi level throughout the series Co$_{1-x}$Fe$_x$S$_2$. Although the exchange-correlation functional influences the specifics of the electr

Enrico Carmine Ciliberti, Marco Fiore, Marina Mongiello

Metaverse is an engaging way to recreate in a digital environment the real world. It allows people to connect not by just browsing a website, but by using headsets and virtual reality techniques. The metaverse is actually in a rapid development phase, thanks to the advances in different topics. This paper proposes a smart tourism platform in which tourists c

David Petrosyan, József Fortágh, Gershon Kurizki

Sub-wavelength arrays of atoms exhibit remarkable optical properties, analogous to those of phased array antennas, such as collimated directional emission or nearly perfect reflection of light near the collective resonance frequency. We propose to use a single-sheet sub-wavelength array of atoms as a switchable mirror to achieve a coherent interface between

Stephen Lester, Igor Wigman

Hardy conjectured that the error term arising from approximating the number of lattice points lying in a radius-$R$ disc by its area is $O(R^{1/2+o(1)})$. One source of support for this conjecture is a folklore heuristic that uses i.i.d. random variables to model the lattice points lying near the boundary and square-root cancellation of sums of these random

Dan Crisan, Oana Lang, Alexander Lobbe, Peter Jan van Leeuwen

Stochastic partial differential equations have been used in a variety of contexts to model the evolution of uncertain dynamical systems. In recent years, their applications to geophysical fluid dynamics has increased massively. For a judicious usage in modelling fluid evolution, one needs to calibrate the amplitude of the noise to data. In this paper we addr

Na Yan, Kezhi Wang, Cunhua Pan, Kok Keong Chai

To jointly overcome the communication bottleneck and privacy leakage of wireless federated learning (FL), this paper studies a differentially private over-the-air federated averaging (DP-OTA-FedAvg) system with a limited sum power budget. With DP-OTA-FedAvg, the gradients are aligned by an alignment coefficient and aggregated over the air, and channel noise

Chuang Zhu, Shengjie Liu, Zekuan Yu, Feng Xu

For invasive breast cancer, immunohistochemical (IHC) techniques are often used to detect the expression level of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) in breast tissue to formulate a precise treatment plan. From the perspective of saving manpower, material and time costs, directly generating IHC-stained images from Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stai

Marco Fiore, Marina Mongiello, Giuseppe Acciani

Blockchain technology constitutes a paradigm shift in the way we conceive distributed architectures. A Blockchain system lets us build platforms where data are immutable and tamper-proof, with some constraints on the throughput and the amount of memory required to store the ledger. This paper aims to solve the issue of memory and performance requirements dev

Akito Futaki

We consider weighted solitons on Fano manifolds which include Kaehler-Ricci solitons, Mabuchi solitons and base metrics which induce Calabi-Yau cone metrics outside the zero sections of the canonical line bundles (Sasaki-Einstein metrics on the associated $U(1)$-bundles). In this paper, we give a condition for a weighted soliton on a Fano manifold $M_0$ to e

Dor Minzer, Ashwin Sah, Mehtaab Sawhney

We prove that there exists a constant $\gamma_{\mathrm{crit}}\approx .17566$ such that if $G\sim \mathbb{G}(n,1/2)$ then for any $\varepsilon > 0$ with high probability $G$ has a equipartition such that each vertex has $(\gamma_{\mathrm{crit}}-\varepsilon)\sqrt{n}$ more neighbors in its own part than in the other part and with high probability no such partit

Sylvain Guerber, Daivid Fowler, Ismael Charlet, Philippe Grosse

Over the last decade, Optical Phased Arrays (OPA) have been extensively studied, targeting applications such as Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) systems, holographic displays, atmospheric monitoring and free space communications. Leveraging the maturity of the silicon photonics platform, the usual mechanical based beam steering system could be replaced by

Frank Aurzada, Volker Betz, Mikhail Lifshits

We show that a properly scaled stretched long Brownian chain converges to a two-parametric stochastic process, given by the sum of an explicit deterministic continuous function and the solution of the stochastic heat equation with zero boundary conditions.

G. Ravindra, Sanghita Ghosh, Abraham V. M

For a graph $G$ with the vertex set $V(G)$ and the edge set $E(G)$ and a star subgraph $S$ of $G$, let $\alpha_S(G)$ be the maximum number of vertices in $G$ such that no two of them are in the same star subgraph $S$ and $\theta_S(G)$ be the minimum number of star subgraph $S$ that cover the vertices of $G$. A graph $G$ is called $S$-perfect if for every ind

A. Sladkov, A. Korzhimanov

We numerically investigate the process of generating magnetic fields from temperature anisotropy of electrons in collisionless initially uniform plasmas. We use a fully kinetic modeling and compare it against a hybrid modeling which treats ions kinetically and use ten-moment fluid model for electrons. The results of the one-to-one comparison show a good agre

Jorge Martinez-Gil

The issue of word sense ambiguity poses a significant challenge in natural language processing due to the scarcity of annotated data to feed machine learning models to face the challenge. Therefore, unsupervised word sense disambiguation methods have been developed to overcome that challenge without relying on annotated data. This research proposes a new con

S. Jaster-Merz, R. W. Assmann, R. Brinkmann, F. Burkart

We propose a new beam diagnostics method to reconstruct the phase space of charged particle bunches in 5 dimensions, which consist of the horizontal and vertical positions and divergences as well as the time axis. This is achieved by combining a quadrupole-based transverse phase-space tomography with the adjustable streaking angle of a polarizable X-band tra

J. Merc, R. Gális, P. Velez, S. Charbonnel

V618 Sgr was previously classified as an R CrB-type variable and later as a possible symbiotic star. Our study aims to analyse the nature of this target, which is currently undergoing significant brightening in properties similar to those of known symbiotic novae. We analyse literature information, photometric observations, and 35 new optical spectra. Our fi

Paolo Fiore, Ilario Filippini, Danilo De Donno

Millimeter-Wave (mm-Wave) Radio Access Networks (RANs) are a promising solution to tackle the overcrowding of the sub-6 GHz spectrum, offering wider and underutilized bands. However, they are characterized by inherent technical challenges, such as a limited propagation range and blockage losses caused by obstacles. Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) and Re