July 2023 arXiv papers — page 153

Mohamed M S Nasser, Christopher C. Green, Matti Vuorinen

A boundary integral equation method is presented for fast computation of the analytic capacities of compact sets in the complex plane. The method is based on using the Kerzman--Stein integral equation to compute the Szeg\"o kernel and then the value of the Ahlfors map at the point at infinity. The proposed method can be used for domains with smooth and piece

Zahara Zettira, Ade Fahriza, Zulfi Abdullah, Trengginas E P Sutantyo

We examine a quantum Otto engine using both Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) and normal Bose gas as working medium trapped in generalized external potential. We treated the engine quasi-statically and endoreversibly. Since the expansion and compression in both quasi-static and endoreversible take place isentropic, the expression of efficiency is similar. How

Mark Koch, Richie Yeung, Quanlong Wang

Recent advances in classical simulation of Clifford+T circuits make use of the ZX calculus to iteratively decompose and simplify magic states into stabiliser terms. We improve on this method by studying stabiliser decompositions of ZX diagrams involving the triangle operation. We show that this technique greatly speeds up the simulation of quantum circuits i

Valentin Link, Hong-Hao Tu, Walter T. Strunz

Approaching the long-time dynamics of non-Markovian open quantum systems presents a challenging task if the bath is strongly coupled. Recent proposals address this problem through a representation of the so-called process tensor in terms of a tensor network. We show that for Gaussian environments highly efficient contraction to matrix product operator (MPO)

Sukanta Mukherjee, Puneet Pareek, Mustansir Barma, Saroj Kumar Nandi

The autocorrelation function in many complex systems shows a crossover in the form of its decay: from stretched exponential relaxation (SER) at short times to power law at long times. Studies of the mechanisms leading to such multiple relaxation patterns are rare. Additionally, the inherent complexity of these systems makes it hard to understand the underlyi

Sahar Atallah, Michael Garn, Yukuan Tao, Shashank Virmani

In a recent work arXiv:2201.07655v2 we showed that there is a constant $\lambda >0$ such that it is possible to efficiently classically simulate a quantum system in which (i) qudits are placed on the nodes of a graph, (ii) each qudit undergoes at most $D$ diagonal gates, (iii) each qudit is destructively measured in the computational basis or bases unbiased

Roberto Giambò

Examining the relativistic collapse of a spherical spacetime where gravity is coupled with a scalar field, this review provides a thorough analysis of some of the most relevant studies from both analytical and numerical perspectives. The discussion includes achievements made in this field, with a focus on those related to cosmic censorship, as well as recent

Aaron Beyen, Christian Maes, Irene Maes

Adding activity or driving to a thermal system may modify its phase diagram and response functions. We study that effect for a Curie-Weiss model where the thermal bath switches rapidly between two temperatures. The critical temperature moves with the nonequilibrium driving, opening up a new region of stability for the paramagnetic phase (zero magnetization)

Agostino Di Francescantonio, Attilio Zilli, Davide Rocco, Laure Coudrat

All-optical modulation yields the promise of high-speed information processing. In this frame, metasurfaces are rapidly gaining traction as ultrathin multifunctional platforms for light management. Among the featured functionalities, they enable light wavefront manipulation and, more recently, demonstrated the ability to perform light-by-light manipulation t

Toshinori Hayashi, Yasushi Suto, Alessandro A. Trani

Nearly a hundred of binary black holes (BBHs) have been discovered with gravitational-wave signals emitted at their merging events. Thus, it is quite natural to expect that significantly more abundant BBHs with wider separations remain undetected in the universe, or even in our Galaxy. We consider a possibility that star-BH binary candidates may indeed host

João Barata, Xiaojian Du, Meijian Li, Wenyang Qian

Jets provide one of the primary probes of the quark-gluon plasma produced in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions and the cold nuclear matter explored in deep inelastic scattering experiments. However, despite important developments in the last years, a description of the real-time evolution of QCD jets inside a medium is still far from being complete. In

Shinya Kato, Yoshimichi Ueda

We explicitly describe the Haagerup and the Kosaki non-commutative $L^p$-spaces associated with a tensor product von Neumann algebra $M_1\bar{\otimes}M_2$ in terms of those associated with $M_i$ and usual tensor products of unbounded operators. The descriptions are then shown to be useful in the quantum information theory based on operator algebras.

Jean Goubault-Larrecq

We enquire under which conditions, given two $σ$-finite, $ω$-continuous valuations $ν$ and $μ$, $ν$ has density with respect to $μ$. The answer is that $ν$ has to be absolutely continuous with respect to $μ$, plus a certain Hahn decomposition property, which happens to be always true for measures.

Alexios Christopoulos, Andrea De Luca, D L Kovrizhin, Tomaž Prosen

We propose a general exact method of calculating dynamical correlation functions in dual symplectic brick-wall circuits in one dimension. These are deterministic classical many-body dynamical systems which can be interpreted in terms of symplectic dynamics in two orthogonal (time and space) directions. In close analogy with quantum dual-unitary circuits, we

Tamburrino Antonello, Sardellitti Alessandro, Milano Filippo, Mottola Vincenzo

This paper introduces dimensional analysis in Non-Destructive Testing & Evaluation (NDT&E) problems. This is the first time that this approach is adopted in the framework of NDT&E, and the paper opens to the development of probes and methods to simultaneously estimate several parameters with a simple approach. The most important theorem of dimensional analys

Zhanhao Hu, Wenda Chu, Xiaopei Zhu, Hui Zhang

Recent works have proposed to craft adversarial clothes for evading person detectors, while they are either only effective at limited viewing angles or very conspicuous to humans. We aim to craft adversarial texture for clothes based on 3D modeling, an idea that has been used to craft rigid adversarial objects such as a 3D-printed turtle. Unlike rigid object

Martin Hoefer, Kevin Schewior

We study threshold testing, an elementary probing model with the goal to choose a large value out of $n$ i.i.d. random variables. An algorithm can test each variable $X_i$ once for some threshold $t_i$, and the test returns binary feedback whether $X_i \ge t_i$ or not. Thresholds can be chosen adaptively or non-adaptively by the algorithm. Given the results

A. A. Chrimes, P. G. Jonker, A. J. Levan, D. L. Coppejans

Luminous Fast Blue Optical Transients (LFBOTs) - the prototypical example being AT2018cow - are a rare class of events whose origins are poorly understood. They are characterised by rapid evolution, featureless blue spectra at early times, and luminous X-ray and radio emission. LFBOTs thus far have been found exclusively at small projected offsets from star-

Guillaume Mahey, Laetitia Chapel, Gilles Gasso, Clément Bonet

Wasserstein distance (WD) and the associated optimal transport plan have been proven useful in many applications where probability measures are at stake. In this paper, we propose a new proxy of the squared WD, coined min-SWGG, that is based on the transport map induced by an optimal one-dimensional projection of the two input distributions. We draw connecti

Hussain Gohar, Vincenzo Salzano

In this letter we explore the foundations of entropic cosmology and highlight some important flaws which have emerged and adopted in the recent literature. We argue that, when applying entropy and temperature on the cosmological horizon by assuming the holographic principle for all thermodynamic approaches to cosmology and gravity, one must derive the consis

Shashank A. Deshpande, Ankur A. Kulkarni

This document contains supporting material for our paper ``The Quantum Advantage in Binary Teams and the Coordination Dilemma''

Guillaume Carlier, Enis Chenchene, Katharina Eichinger

We investigate the notion of Wasserstein median as an alternative to the Wasserstein barycenter, which has become popular but may be sensitive to outliers. In terms of robustness to corrupted data, we indeed show that Wasserstein medians have a breakdown point of approximately $\frac{1}{2}$. We give explicit constructions of Wasserstein medians in dimension

Yao Ji, Alexander Manashov, Sven-Olaf Moch

The evolution kernels that govern the scale dependence of the generalized parton distributions are invariant under transformations of the $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathrm R)$ collinear subgroup of the conformal group. Beyond one loop the symmetry generators, due to quantum effects, differ from the canonical ones. We construct the transformation which brings the {\it f

Lucas Mahler, Qi Wang, Julius Steiglechner, Florian Birk

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a prevalent psychiatric condition characterized by atypical cognitive, emotional, and social patterns. Timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective interventions and improved outcomes in individuals with ASD. In this study, we propose a novel Multi-Atlas Enhanced Transformer framework, METAFormer, ASD classificatio

Aaron R. Finney, Matteo Salvalaglio

Surfaces are able to control physical-chemical processes in multi-component solution systems and, as such, find application in a wide range of technological devices. Understanding the structure, dynamics and thermodynamics of non-ideal solutions at surfaces, however, is particularly challenging. Here, we use Constant Chemical Potential Molecular Dynamics sim

Mehdi Rezaie, Ashley J. Ross, Hee-Jong Seo, Hui Kong

We use angular clustering of luminous red galaxies from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) imaging surveys to constrain the local primordial non-Gaussianity parameter $\fnl$. Our sample comprises over 12 million targets, covering 14,000 square degrees of the sky, with redshifts in the range $0.2< z < 1.35$. We identify Galactic extinction, surve

P. P. Abrantes, W. J. M. Kort-Kamp, F. S. S. Rosa, C. Farina

We investigate the spontaneous emission lifetime of a quantum emitter near a substrate coated with phosphorene under the influence of uniaxial strain. We consider both electric dipole and magnetic dipole-mediated spontaneous transitions from the excited to the ground state. The modeling of phosphorene is performed by employing a tight-binding model that goes

Zhijie Rao, Jingcai Guo, Luyao Tang, Yue Huang

This paper provides a novel framework for single-domain generalized object detection (i.e., Single-DGOD), where we are interested in learning and maintaining the semantic structures of self-augmented compound cross-domain samples to enhance the model&#39;s generalization ability. Different from DGOD trained on multiple source domains, Single-DGOD is far more

Lijun Wang, Xiaodan Fan, Huabai Li, Jun S. Liu

We present a method for fitting monotone curves using cubic B-splines, which is equivalent to putting a monotonicity constraint on the coefficients. We explore different ways of enforcing this constraint and analyze their theoretical and empirical properties. We propose two algorithms for solving the spline fitting problem: one that uses standard optimizatio

Christopher Gerekos, Gregor Steinbrügge, Immanuel Jebaraj, Andreas Casillas

Multispacecraft and multiwavelength observations of solar eruptions such as flares and coronal mass ejections are essential to understand the complex processes behind these events. The study of solar burst events in the radio-frequency spectrum has relied almost exclusively on data from ground-based observations and a few dedicated heliophysics missions such

Teddy Lazebnik, Dan Gorlitsky

The reproducibility of academic research has long been a persistent issue, contradicting one of the fundamental principles of science. What is even more concerning is the increasing number of false claims found in academic manuscripts recently, casting doubt on the validity of reported results. In this paper, we utilize an adaptive version of Benford's law,

Jianhai Zhang, Tonghua Wan, Ethan MacDonald, Bijoy Menon

Stroke lesion volume is a key radiologic measurement for assessing the prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) patients, which is challenging to be automatically measured on Non-Contrast CT (NCCT) scans. Recent diffusion probabilistic models have shown potentials of being used for image segmentation. In this paper, a novel Synchronous image-label Diffusion

Changjian Shui, Justin Szeto, Raghav Mehta, Douglas L. Arnold

Trustworthy deployment of deep learning medical imaging models into real-world clinical practice requires that they be calibrated. However, models that are well calibrated overall can still be poorly calibrated for a sub-population, potentially resulting in a clinician unwittingly making poor decisions for this group based on the recommendations of the model

Xander M. de Wit, Amelia W. Paine, Caroline Martin, Aaron M. Goldfain

Interferometric scattering microscopy (iSCAT) can image the dynamics of nanometer-scale systems. The typical approach to analyzing interferometric images involves intensive processing, which discards data and limits the precision of measurements. We demonstrate an alternative approach: modeling the interferometric point spread function (iPSF) and fitting thi

Krzysztof Gawryluk, Mirosław Brewczyk

We numerically study the transport properties of a two-dimensional Fermi gas in a weakly and strongly interacting regimes, in the range of temperatures close to the transition to a superfluid phase. For that we excite sound waves in a fermionic mixture by using the phase imprinting technique, follow their evolution, and finally determine both their speed and

Ahmet A. Husainov

We prove that a homotopy cofinal functor between small categories induces a weak equivalence between homotopy colimits of pointed simplicial sets. This is used to prove that the non-Abelian homology of a group diagram is isomorphic to the homology of its inverse image under a homotopy cofinal functor. This also made it possible to establish that the non-Abel

Xiaotong Wei, Li Huang, Tingyang Shen, Zhiming Cai

Taiji program is a space mission aiming to detect gravitational waves in the low frequency band. Taiji-1 is the first technology demonstration satellite of the Taiji Program in Space, with the gravitational reference sensor (GRS) serving as one of its key scientific payloads. For accurate accelerometer measurements, the test-mass center of the GRS must be po

Delyan Boychev

With the perpetual increase of complexity of the state-of-the-art deep neural networks, it becomes a more and more challenging task to maintain their interpretability. Our work aims to evaluate the effects of adversarial training utilized to produce robust models - less vulnerable to adversarial attacks. It has been shown to make computer vision models more

D. Scharwald, T. Meier, P. R. Sharapova

Nonlinear interferometers are promising tools for quantum metrology, as they are characterized by an improved phase sensitivity scaling compared to linear interferometers operating with classical light. However, the multimodeness of the light generated in these interferometers results in the destruction of their phase sensitivity, requiring advanced interfer

Gerardo Barrera, Waldemar Barrera, Juan Pablo Navarrete

In this manuscript, we study the arrangements of the roots in the complex plane for the lacunary harmonic polynomials called harmonic trinomials. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions so that two general harmonic trinomials have the same set of roots up to a rotation around the origin in the complex plane, a reflection over the real axis, or a compo

Yong Zheng, Kumar Neelotpal Shukla, Jasmine Xu, David

MOPO-LSI is an open-source Multi-Objective Portfolio Optimization Library for Sustainable Investments. This document provides a user guide for MOPO-LSI version 1.0, including problem setup, workflow and the hyper-parameters in configurations.

Andrea Coletta, Sriram Gopalakrishan, Daniel Borrajo, Svitlana Vyetrenko

Synthetic time series are often used in practical applications to augment the historical time series dataset for better performance of machine learning algorithms, amplify the occurrence of rare events, and also create counterfactual scenarios described by the time series. Distributional-similarity (which we refer to as realism) as well as the satisfaction o

Thanasis Georgiadis, Eleni Tzirita Zacharatou, Nikos Mamoulis

Spatial join processing techniques that identify intersections between complex geometries (e.g., polygons) commonly follow a two-step filter-and-refine pipeline. The filter step evaluates the query predicate on the minimum bounding rectangles (MBRs) of the geometries, while the refinement step eliminates false positives by applying the query on the exact geo

Eliya Segev, Maya Alroy, Ronen Katsir, Noam Wies

Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) is a widely used criterion for training supervised sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) models. It enables learning the relations between input and output sequences, termed alignments, by marginalizing over perfect alignments (that yield the ground truth), at the expense of imperfect alignments. This binary differentiati

Alexandru Baltag, Sonja Smets

We take a fresh look at Wigner's Friend thought-experiment and some of its more recent variants and extensions, such as the Frauchiger-Renner (FR) Paradox. We discuss various solutions proposed in the literature, focusing on a few questions: What is the correct epistemic interpretation of the multiplicity of state assignments in these scenarios? Under which

Florian Fürnsinn, Herwig Hauser

The paper generalizes Lazarus Fuchs' theorem on the solutions of complex ordinary linear differential equations with regular singularities to the case of ground fields of arbitrary characteristic, giving a precise description of the shape of each solution. This completes partial investigations started by Taira Honda and Bernard Dwork. The main features are t

Pieter Belmans, Hans Franzen

We describe the point class and Todd class in the Chow ring of a quiver moduli space, building on a result of Ellingsrud-Str{\o}mme. This, together with the presentation of the Chow ring by the second author, makes it possible to compute integrals on quiver moduli. To do so we construct a canonical morphism of universal representations in great generality, a

Tyler Kastner, Murat A. Erdogdu, Amir-massoud Farahmand

We consider the problem of learning models for risk-sensitive reinforcement learning. We theoretically demonstrate that proper value equivalence, a method of learning models which can be used to plan optimally in the risk-neutral setting, is not sufficient to plan optimally in the risk-sensitive setting. We leverage distributional reinforcement learning to i

Qiyu Sun, Pavlo Melnyk, Michael Felsberg, Yang Tang

Domain generalized semantic segmentation (DGSS) is an essential but highly challenging task, in which the model is trained only on source data and any target data is not available. Existing DGSS methods primarily standardize the feature distribution or utilize extra domain data for augmentation. However, the former sacrifices valuable information and the lat

Mark D. Groves, Dag Nilsson, Stefano Pasquali, Erik Wahlén

In this paper we consider three-dimensional steady water waves with vorticity, under the action of gravity and surface tension; in particular we consider so-called Beltrami flows, for which the velocity field and the vorticity are collinear. We discuss a recent variational formulation of the problem which involves a generalisation of the classical Dirichlet-

Florent Guépin, Matthieu Meeus, Ana-Maria Cretu, Yves-Alexandre de Montjoye

Synthetic data is emerging as one of the most promising solutions to share individual-level data while safeguarding privacy. While membership inference attacks (MIAs), based on shadow modeling, have become the standard to evaluate the privacy of synthetic data, they currently assume the attacker to have access to an auxiliary dataset sampled from a similar d

Tommaso Bruno, Jordy Timo van Velthoven

On a homogeneous group, we characterize the one-parameter groups of dilations whose associated Hardy spaces in the sense of Folland and Stein are the same.

Daniel Malz, Georgios Styliaris, Zhi-Yuan Wei, J. Ignacio Cirac

We consider the preparation of matrix product states (MPS) on quantum devices via quantum circuits of local gates. We first prove that faithfully preparing translation-invariant normal MPS of $N$ sites requires a circuit depth $T=\Omega(\log N)$. We then introduce an algorithm based on the renormalization-group transformation to prepare normal MPS with an er

Shidong Pan, Zhen Tao, Thong Hoang, Dawen Zhang

Privacy policies have become the most critical approach to safeguarding individuals&#39; privacy and digital security. To enhance their presentation and readability, researchers propose the concept of contextual privacy policies (CPPs), aiming to fragment policies into shorter snippets and display them only in corresponding contexts. In this paper, we propos

Angelos Assos, Idan Attias, Yuval Dagan, Constantinos Daskalakis

While ERM suffices to attain near-optimal generalization error in the stochastic learning setting, this is not known to be the case in the online learning setting, where algorithms for general concept classes rely on computationally inefficient oracles such as the Standard Optimal Algorithm (SOA). In this work, we propose an algorithm for online binary class

Maryam Bahrani, Pranav Garimidi, Tim Roughgarden

The incentive-compatibility properties of blockchain transaction fee mechanisms have been investigated with *passive* block producers that are motivated purely by the net rewards earned at the consensus layer. This paper introduces a model of *active* block producers that have their own private valuations for blocks (representing, for example, additional val

K. Bardadyn, B. K. Kwaśniewski

We generalize the influential $C^*$-algebraic result of Kawamura-Tomiyama and Archbold-Spielberg for crossed products of discrete transformation groups to the realm of Banach algebras and twisted actions. We prove that topological freeness is equivalent to the intersection property for all reduced twisted Banach algebra crossed products coming from subgroups

Mazyar Ghani Varzaneh, Sebastian Riedel

We study semilinear rough stochastic partial differential equations as introduced in [Gerasimovi{\v{c}}s, Hairer; EJP 2019]. We provide $\mathcal{L}^p(\Omega)$-integrable a priori bounds for the solution and its linearization in case the equation is driven by a suitable Gaussian process. Using the Multiplicative Ergodic Theorem for Banach spaces, we can dedu

Thandar Zaw Win, Cho Win Aung, Gaurav Khandal, Sabyasachi Ghosh

Discovery of electron hydrodynamics in graphene system has opened a new scope of analytic calculations in condensed matter physics, which was traditionally well cultivated in science and engineering as a non-relativistic hydrodynamics and in high energy nuclear and astro physics as relativistic hydrodynamics. Electrons in graphene follow neither non-relativi

Zi-Liang Wang

We investigate a new type of Schwarzschild wormhole, which relies on a 3-dimensional spacetime defect with degenerate metrics. This particular wormhole is a solution of the vacuum Einstein equations. We also study the generalized Schwarzschild-type defect wormhole and discuss the Null Energy Condition. In particular, we investigate the geodesics and geodesic

Musang Gong, Min Yu, Yaoming Chu, Wei Chen

Reaching a given target quantum state with high fidelity and fast operation speed close to the quantum limit represents an important goal in quantum information science. Here, we experimentally demonstrate superadiabatic quantum driving to achieve population transfer in a three-level solid-state spin system. Starting from traditional stimulated Raman adiabat

Ahmet Ilker Topuz

In this study, a source scheme based on source biasing as well as discrete energy spectrum in the cylindrical geometry is presented for the simulations of muon tomography in the GEANT4 toolkit. First, a lateral cylindrical surface and a top circular disc act as a generation surface that surrounds the tomographic setup. Then, the generated muons are directed

Matthew Baas, Herman Kamper

Can we develop a model that can synthesize realistic speech directly from a latent space, without explicit conditioning? Despite several efforts over the last decade, previous adversarial and diffusion-based approaches still struggle to achieve this, even on small-vocabulary datasets. To address this, we propose AudioStyleGAN (ASGAN) -- a generative adversar

Daniel Kennedy, Maurizio Giacomin, Francis J Casson, David Dickinson

We present herein the results of a linear gyrokinetic analysis of electromagnetic microinstabilites in the conceptual high-$\beta$, reactor-scale, tight-aspect-ratio tokamak STEP (Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production, https://step.ukaea.uk). We examine a range of flux surfaces between the deep core and the pedestal top for two candidate flat-top operating

Maurizio Giacomin, Daniel Kennedy, Francis J Casson, Ajay C. J.

In this work, we present first-of-their-kind nonlinear local gyrokinetic simulations of electromagnetic turbulence at mid-radius in the burning plasma phase of the conceptual high-$\beta$, reactor-scale, tight-aspect-ratio tokamak STEP (Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production). A prior linear analysis in D. Kennedy et al. 2023 Nucl. Fusion 63 126061 reveals

Gaurav Chopra, Sanjay Mittal, R. I. Sujith

We perform large eddy simulations of flow past a circular cylinder for the Reynolds number ($Re$) range, $2\times 10^3 \leq Re \leq 4\times10^5$, spanning subcritical, critical and supercritical regimes. We investigate the spanwise coherence of the flow in the critical and supercritical regimes using complex networks. In these regimes, the separated flow rea

Prabin Sharma, Joanna C. Justus, Megha Thapa, Govinda R. Poudel

Mental fatigue is a leading cause of motor vehicle accidents, medical errors, loss of workplace productivity, and student disengagements in e-learning environment. Development of sensors and systems that can reliably track mental fatigue can prevent accidents, reduce errors, and help increase workplace productivity. This review provides a critical summary of

Pietro Melzi, Ruben Tolosana, Ruben Vera-Rodriguez, Paula Delgado-Santos

The application of mobile biometrics as a user-friendly authentication method has increased in the last years. Recent studies have proposed novel behavioral biometric recognition systems based on Transformers, which currently outperform the state of the art in several application scenarios. On-line handwritten signature verification aims to verify the identi

Joshua Ange, Joel Meyers

The Hubble Tension is a well-known issue in modern cosmology that refers to the apparent disagreement in inferences of the Hubble constant $H_0$ as found through low-redshift observations and those derived from the $\Lambda$CDM model utilizing early universe observations. Several extensions to $\Lambda$CDM have been proposed to address the Hubble Tension tha

C. A. Bertulani

I investigate the difficulties in obtaining the electromagnetic response of light, halo-like, nuclei using reactions at radioactive beam facilities. A relativistic coupled-channels theory for the calculation of dissociation cross sections of halo nuclei is compared to first-order perturbation theory. A comparison with semiclassical models frequently used in

Evgeni Semkov

The dissertation presents result from study of Pre-main sequence (PMS) stars that are in the earliest stages of stellar evolution. These young stellar objects are still in the process of formation, and the energy they emit is produced only by gravitational contraction. The main results were obtained with the telescopes at the National Astronomical Observator

Bingsheng Tu, Ran Si, Yang Shen, Jiarong Wang

Long-lived ionic quantum states known as metastable electronic states in highly-charged ions (HCIs) are of great interest in fundamental physics. Especially, it generates transitions with very narrow natural linewidth which is a promising candidate for use in the next generation HCI atomic clocks to reach an accuracy below $10^{-19}$. A recent experiment rep

Demyan Yarmoshik, Alexander Rogozin, Alexander Gasnikov

The decentralized optimization paradigm assumes that each term of a finite-sum objective is privately stored by the corresponding agent. Agents are only allowed to communicate with their neighbors in the communication graph. We consider the case when the agents additionally have local affine constraints and the communication graph can change over time. We pr

Sun-Sig Byun, Kyeongbae Kim, Deepak Kumar

We prove Calder\'on-Zygmund type estimates of weak solutions to non-homogeneous nonlocal parabolic equations under a minimal regularity requirement on kernel coefficients. In particular, the right-hand side is presented by a sum of fractional Laplacian type data and a non-divergence type data. Interestingly, even though the kernel coefficients are discontinu

Katsuya T. Abe, Yuichiro Tada

The evidence of the nano-Hertz stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background is reported by multiple pulsar timing array collaborations. While a prominent candidate of the origin is astrophysical from supermassive black hole binaries, alternative models involving GWs induced by primordial curvature perturbations can explain the inferred GW spectrum. Serendip

Lior Gishboliner, Borna Šimić

We prove that for every ordered matching $H$ on $t$ vertices, if an ordered $n$-vertex graph $G$ is $\varepsilon$-far from being $H$-free, then $G$ contains $\text{poly}(\varepsilon) n^t$ copies of $H$. This proves a special case of a conjecture of Tomon and the first author. We also generalize this statement to uniform hypergraphs.

Zixuan Zhang, Kaiqi Zhang, Minshuo Chen, Yuma Takeda

Convolutional residual neural networks (ConvResNets), though overparameterized, can achieve remarkable prediction performance in practice, which cannot be well explained by conventional wisdom. To bridge this gap, we study the performance of ConvResNeXts, which cover ConvResNets as a special case, trained with weight decay from the perspective of nonparametr

Duncan Adamson, Nathan Flaherty, Igor Potapov, Paul G. Spirakis

In this paper, we study the graph induced by the $\textit{2-swap}$ permutation on words with a fixed Parikh vector. A $2$-swap is defined as a pair of positions $s = (i, j)$ where the word $w$ induced by the swap $s$ on $v$ is $v[1] v[2] \dots v[i - 1] v[j] v[i+1] \dots v[j - 1] v[i] v[j + 1] \dots v[n]$. With these permutations, we define the $\textit{Confi

Qi Yan, Zhengyang Liang, Yang Song, Renjie Liao

Diffusion models based on permutation-equivariant networks can learn permutation-invariant distributions for graph data. However, in comparison to their non-invariant counterparts, we have found that these invariant models encounter greater learning challenges since 1) their effective target distributions exhibit more modes; 2) their optimal one-step denoisi

Ivica Dimitrovski, Ivan Kitanovski, Nikola Simidjievski, Dragi Kocev

We investigate the utility of in-domain self-supervised pre-training of vision models in the analysis of remote sensing imagery. Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a promising approach for remote sensing image classification due to its ability to exploit large amounts of unlabeled data. Unlike traditional supervised learning, SSL aims to learn rep

Andrea Plati, Raphael Maire, Etienne Fayen, Francois Boulogne

Quasi-crystals are aperiodic structures that present crystallographic properties which are not compatible with that of a single unit cell. Their revolutionary discovery in a metallic alloy, less than three decades ago, has required a full reconsideration of what we defined as a crystal structure. Surprisingly, quasi-crystalline structures have been discovere

Simonas Draukšas

It seems that the literature suggests to go in two opposing directions simultaneously. On the one hand, many papers construct basis-independent quantities, since exactly these quantities appear in the expressions for observables. This means that the mixing angles such as $\tan \beta$ in the Two Higgs Doublet Model must drop out when calculating anything phys

Guanghui Zhu, Zhennan Zhu, Hongyang Chen, Chunfeng Yuan

Heterogeneous graph neural networks (GNNs) have been successful in handling heterogeneous graphs. In existing heterogeneous GNNs, meta-path plays an essential role. However, recent work pointed out that simple homogeneous graph model without meta-path can also achieve comparable results, which calls into question the necessity of meta-path. In this paper, we

Yuqing Cheng, Mengtao Sun

Chirality is a concept that one object is not superimposable on its mirror image by translation and rotation. In particular, chiral plasmonics have been widely investigated due to their excellent optical chiral properties, and have led to numerous applications such as optical polarizing element etc. In this study, we develop a model based on the concept of t

Alessio Figalli, Yi Ru-Ya Zhang

Let $E\subset \mathbb R^n$, $n\ge 2$, be a set of finite perimeter with $|E|=|B|$, where $B$ denotes the unit ball. When $n=2$, since convexification decreases perimeter (in the class of open connected sets), it is easy to prove the existence of a convex set $F$, with $|E|=|F|$, such that $$ P(E) - P(F) \ge c\,|E\Delta F|, \qquad c>0. $$ Here we prove that,

Gülin Ercan, İsmail Ş. Güloğlu

Let $A$ be a finite nilpotent group acting fixed point freely on the finite (solvable) group $G$ by automorphisms. It is conjectured that the nilpotent length of $G$ is bounded above by $\ell(A)$, the number of primes dividing the order of $A$ counted with multiplicities. In the present paper we consider the case $A$ is cyclic and obtain that the nilpotent l

Hsin-Lun Li

The Bonabeau model is a competing model where agents fight to maintain or change their positions. Originally studied on a finite lattice, in this model, one agent is randomly selected to move to a neighboring site chosen at random. If the neighboring site is vacant, the agent moves there. However, if the site is occupied, a fight ensues. If the agent wins, t

Jonathan P. Keating, Fei Wei

We derive explicit asymptotic formulae for the joint moments of the $n_1$-th and $n_2$-th derivatives of the characteristic polynomials of CUE random matrices for any non-negative integers $n_1, n_2$. These formulae are expressed in terms of determinants whose entries involve modified Bessel functions of the first kind. We also express them in terms of two t

Mert Nakıp, Onur Çopur, Emrah Biyik, Cüneyt Güzeliş

Smart home energy management systems help the distribution grid operate more efficiently and reliably, and enable effective penetration of distributed renewable energy sources. These systems rely on robust forecasting, optimization, and control/scheduling algorithms that can handle the uncertain nature of demand and renewable generation. This paper proposes

Theodore Andronikos, Alla Sirokofskich

This paper introduces two information-theoretically secure protocols that achieve quantum secure direct communication between Alice and Bob in the first case, and among Alice, Bod and Charlie in the second case. Both protocols use the same novel method to embed the secret information in the entangled compound system. The way of encoding the information is th

Hsin-Lun Li

In a money exchange process involving a seller and a buyer, we develop a straightforward model encompassing conservative, non-conservative, and systems with or without debt. Our model integrates the Fermi function to capture the behavior of buyers and sellers. Under certain circumstances, we identify an equation that marks the phase transition between a stab

Zhenwei Zhang, Linghang Meng, Yuantao Gu

In the burgeoning ecosystem of Internet of Things, multivariate time series (MTS) data has become ubiquitous, highlighting the fundamental role of time series forecasting across numerous applications. The crucial challenge of long-term MTS forecasting requires adept models capable of capturing both intra- and inter-series dependencies. Recent advancements in

Wenxing Zhang, Yizhou Cai, Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf, Lei Zhang

The Standard Model extended with a complex singlet scalar (cxSM) can admit a strong first order electroweak phase transition (SFOEWPT) as needed for electroweak baryogenesis and provide a dark matter (DM) candidate. The presence of both a DM candidate and a singlet-like scalar that mixes with the Standard Model Higgs boson leads to the possibility of a $b\ba

Jiachong Chu, Ayesha Ejaz, Kyle M. Lin, Madeline R. Joseph

Multiplexed, real-time fluorescence detection at the single-molecule level is highly desirable to reveal the stoichiometry, dynamics, and interactions of individual molecular species within complex systems. However, traditionally fluorescence sensing is limited to 3-4 concurrently detected labels, due to low signal-to-noise, high spectral overlap between lab

ATLAS Collaboration

Searches for new resonances are performed using an unsupervised anomaly-detection technique. Events with at least one electron or muon are selected from 140 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV recorded by ATLAS at the Large Hadron Collider. The approach involves training an autoencoder on data, and subsequently defining anomalous regions base

Nishant Rangamani, Xiaowen Zhu

We prove that once one has the ingredients of a ``single-energy multiscale analysis (MSA) result'' on the $\mathbb{Z}^d$ lattice, several spectral and dynamical localization results can be derived, the most prominent being strong dynamical localization (SDL). In particular, given the recent progress at the bottom of the spectrum for the $\mathbb{Z}^2$ and $\

Hanwen Liu

Given an uncountable algebraically closed field $K$, we proved that if partially defined function $f\colon K \times \dots \times K \dashrightarrow K$ defined on a Zariski open subset of the $n$-fold Cartesian product $K \times \dots \times K$ is rational in each coordinate whilst other coordinates are held constant, then $f$ is itself a rational function in

Ji-Guo Zhang, Ze-Wei Zhao, Yichao Li, Jing-Fei Zhang

We present a forecast of the cosmological parameter estimation using fast radio bursts (FRBs) from the upcoming Square Kilometre Array (SKA), focusing on the issues of dark energy, the Hubble constant, and baryon density. We simulate $10^5$ and $10^6$ localized FRBs from a 10-year SKA observation, and find that: (i) using $10^6$ FRB data alone can tightly co

Julien Allasia

In this paper, we study random walks evolving with a directional bias in a two-dimensional random environment with correlations that vanish polynomially. Using renormalization methods first employed for one-dimensional dynamic environments along with additional ideas specific to this new framework, we show that there exists an asymptotic direction for such a

Kenneth Chen, Lap-Ming Lin

(Abridged) Numerical simulation of strange quark stars (QSs) is challenging due to the strong density discontinuity at the stellar surface. In this paper, we report successful simulations of rapidly rotating QSs and study their oscillation modes in full general relativity. Building on top of the numerical relativity code \texttt{Einstein Toolkit}, we impleme